Manufacturing method of arc extinguishing nozzle integrally formed through 3D printing

Abstract

The invention discloses a manufacturing method for an arc extinguishing nozzle integrally formed through 3D printing. The manufacturing method comprises the following steps that S1, designing and modeling are conducted; s2, material selection and preparation; s3, 3D printing forming is carried out; step S4, carrying out post-treatment; s5, performing performance detection and quality control; the 3D printing integrated forming technology is adopted, multiple complex procedures such as casting, forging, machining and welding in a traditional manufacturing method are not needed, the manufacturing process of the arc extinguishing nozzle is greatly simplified, high-precision and complex-structure integrated forming of the arc extinguishing nozzle is achieved, the problem that complex-structure forming is difficult to achieve through the traditional manufacturing method is solved, and the manufacturing cost is reduced. The performance and the reliability of the arc extinguishing nozzle are improved; through computer aided design and topological optimization, rapid customized production can be realized according to different use requirements, personalized and diversified requirements are met, and the research and development cycle and the production cycle of products are shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electrical equipment manufacturing, and specifically relates to a method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integrated molding. Background Art

[0002] Arc-quenching nozzles are key components in high-voltage switchgear. Their function is to guide the arc during circuit interruption, ensuring rapid arc extinguishing, thereby protecting the safe operation of the equipment and circuits. Traditional arc-quenching nozzle manufacturing methods typically involve machining or injection molding. These methods suffer from low machining precision, complex molding, significant material waste, and difficulty in achieving integrated molding of complex structures. These methods cannot meet the high-performance, high-precision, and complex structural requirements of modern high-voltage switchgear. Therefore, developing a novel arc-quenching nozzle manufacturing method is of great practical significance.

[0003] Based on this, a 3D printing integrated arc extinguishing nozzle manufacturing method was designed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a 3D printing integrated arc extinguishing nozzle manufacturing method, which effectively solves the problems raised in the above background.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step S1: Design and Modeling

[0007] S1.1. Based on the arc extinguishing nozzle's usage requirements and performance indicators, use computer-aided design software to create a three-dimensional model. The design fully considers the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel has a diameter of 5-20 mm, a length of 30-100 mm, and a wall thickness of 1-3 mm.

[0008] S1.2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality.

[0009] Step S2: Material selection and preparation

[0010] S2.1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength.

[0011] S2.2. Pre-process the selected materials, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 60-80°C, and the time is 2-4 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 50-100μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy.

[0012] Step S3: 3D printing

[0013] S3.1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model.

[0014] S3.2 During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 25-30°C and a relative humidity range of 30-50% to ensure the molding quality and printing accuracy of the material. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset.

[0015] Step S4: Post-processing

[0016] S4.1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface;

[0017] S4.2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 150-250°C, the holding time is 2-4 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min.

[0018] S4.3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to achieve a surface roughness of Ra0.8-1.6μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear;

[0019] Step S5: Performance testing and quality control

[0020] S5.1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm.

[0021] S5.2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001;

[0022] S5.3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ;

[0023] S5.4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

[0024] Preferably, in said S1.2, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

[0025] Preferably, in said S2.1, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material is not less than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity is not less than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

[0026] Preferably, in said S3.1, the laser power range during the printing process is 100-200 W, the scanning speed range is 500-1000 mm / s, and the layer thickness range is 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0027] Preferably, in S4.1, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure air blowing;

[0028] The frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 20-40kHz, and the cleaning time is 10-20 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 0.5-1MPa, and the purging time is 5-10 minutes.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] The present invention adopts 3D printing integrated molding technology, eliminating the need for multiple complex processes such as casting, forging, machining, and welding in traditional manufacturing methods. This greatly simplifies the manufacturing process of the arc-extinguishing nozzle and achieves high-precision, integrated molding of complex structures for the arc-extinguishing nozzle, solving the problem that traditional manufacturing methods are difficult to achieve in complex structure molding, and improving the performance and reliability of the arc-extinguishing nozzle.

[0031] Through computer-aided design and topology optimization, it is possible to quickly customize production according to different usage requirements, meet personalized and diversified needs, and shorten product development and production cycles;

[0032] The use of 3D printing technology reduces material waste, lowers production costs, and improves production efficiency, with significant economic and social benefits. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments; based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] The present invention provides a method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration, comprising the following steps:

[0035] Step S1: Design and Modeling

[0036] S1.1. Based on the arc extinguishing nozzle's usage requirements and performance indicators, use computer-aided design software to create a three-dimensional model. The design fully considers the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel has a diameter of 5-20 mm, a length of 30-100 mm, and a wall thickness of 1-3 mm.

[0037] S1.2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality.

[0038] Step S2: Material selection and preparation

[0039] S2.1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength.

[0040] S2.2. Pre-process the selected materials, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 60-80°C, and the time is 2-4 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 50-100μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy.

[0041] Step S3: 3D printing

[0042] S3.1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model.

[0043] S3.2 During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 25-30°C and a relative humidity range of 30-50% to ensure the molding quality and printing accuracy of the material. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset.

[0044] Step S4: Post-processing

[0045] S4.1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface;

[0046] S4.2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 150-250°C, the holding time is 2-4 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min.

[0047] S4.3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to achieve a surface roughness of Ra0.8-1.6μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear;

[0048] Step S5: Performance testing and quality control

[0049] S5.1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm.

[0050] S5.2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001;

[0051] S5.3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ;

[0052] S5.4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

[0053] In S1.2 of this embodiment, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

[0054] In S2.1 of this embodiment, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material is not less than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity is not less than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

[0055] In S3.1 of this embodiment, the laser power during the printing process ranges from 100-200 W, the scanning speed ranges from 500-1000 mm / s, and the layer thickness ranges from 0.1-0.3 mm.

[0056] In S4.1 of this embodiment, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure airflow purging;

[0057] The frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 20-40kHz, and the cleaning time is 10-20 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 0.5-1MPa, and the purging time is 5-10 minutes.

[0058] Example 1:

[0059] A method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integrated molding comprises the following steps:

[0060] Step S1: Design and Modeling

[0061] S1.1. Based on the arc-extinguishing nozzle's operating requirements and performance indicators, three-dimensional modeling shall be performed using computer-aided design software. The design shall fully consider the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel shall have a diameter of 5 mm, a length of 30 mm, and a wall thickness of 1 mm.

[0062] S1.2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality.

[0063] Step S2: Material selection and preparation

[0064] S2.1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength.

[0065] S2.2. Pre-process the selected material, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 60°C for 2 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 50μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy.

[0066] Step S3: 3D printing

[0067] S3.1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model.

[0068] S3.2 During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 25°C and a relative humidity range of 30% within the printing chamber to ensure the molding quality and printing accuracy of the material. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset.

[0069] Step S4: Post-processing

[0070] S4.1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface;

[0071] S4.2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 150°C, the holding time is 2 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min.

[0072] S4.3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to achieve a surface roughness of Ra0.8μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear;

[0073] Step S5: Performance testing and quality control

[0074] S5.1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm.

[0075] S5.2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001;

[0076] S5.3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ;

[0077] S5.4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

[0078] In S1.2 of this embodiment, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

[0079] In S2.1 of this embodiment, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material is not less than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity is not less than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

[0080] In S3.1 of this embodiment, the laser power range during the printing process is 100 W, the scanning speed range is 500 mm / s, and the layer thickness range is 0.1 mm.

[0081] In S4.1 of this embodiment, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure airflow purging;

[0082] The frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 20kHz, and the cleaning time is 10 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 0.5MPa, and the purging time is 5 minutes.

[0083] Example 2:

[0084] A method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integrated molding comprises the following steps:

[0085] Step S1: Design and Modeling

[0086] S1.1. Based on the arc-extinguishing nozzle's operating requirements and performance indicators, three-dimensional modeling shall be performed using computer-aided design software. The design shall fully consider the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel shall have a diameter of 20 mm, a length of 100 mm, and a wall thickness of 3 mm.

[0087] S1.2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality.

[0088] Step S2: Material selection and preparation

[0089] S2.1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength.

[0090] S2.2. Pre-process the selected material, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 80°C for 4 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 100μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy.

[0091] Step S3: 3D printing

[0092] S3.1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model.

[0093] S3.2 During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 30°C and a relative humidity range of 50% in the printing room to ensure the molding quality and printing accuracy of the material. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset.

[0094] Step S4: Post-processing

[0095] S4.1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface;

[0096] S4.2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 250°C, the holding time is 4 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min.

[0097] S4.3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to achieve a surface roughness of Ra1.6μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear;

[0098] Step S5: Performance testing and quality control

[0099] S5.1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm.

[0100] S5.2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001;

[0101] S5.3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ;

[0102] S5.4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

[0103] In S1.2 of this embodiment, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

[0104] In S2.1 of this embodiment, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material is not less than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity is not less than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

[0105] In S3.1 of this embodiment, the laser power range during the printing process is 200 W, the scanning speed range is 1000 mm / s, and the layer thickness range is 0.3 mm.

[0106] In S4.1 of this embodiment, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure airflow purging;

[0107] The frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 40kHz, and the cleaning time is 20 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 1MPa, and the purging time is 10 minutes.

[0108] Example 3:

[0109] A method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integrated molding comprises the following steps:

[0110] Step S1: Design and Modeling

[0111] S1.1. Based on the arc-extinguishing nozzle's operating requirements and performance indicators, a three-dimensional model was created using computer-aided design software. The design fully considered the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel had a diameter of 18 mm, a length of 65 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm.

[0112] S1.2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality.

[0113] Step S2: Material selection and preparation

[0114] S2.1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength.

[0115] S2.2. Pre-process the selected material, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 70°C for 3 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 75μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy.

[0116] Step S3: 3D printing

[0117] S3.1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model.

[0118] S3.2 During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 28°C and a relative humidity range of 40% within the printing chamber to ensure material molding quality and printing accuracy. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset.

[0119] Step S4: Post-processing

[0120] S4.1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface;

[0121] S4.2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 200°C, the holding time is 3 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min.

[0122] S4.3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to achieve a surface roughness of Ra1.2μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear;

[0123] Step S5: Performance testing and quality control

[0124] S5.1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm.

[0125] S5.2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001;

[0126] S5.3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ;

[0127] S5.4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

[0128] In S1.2 of this embodiment, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

[0129] In S2.1 of this embodiment, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material is not less than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity is not less than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

[0130] In S3.1 of this embodiment, the laser power range during the printing process is 150 W, the scanning speed range is 750 mm / s, and the layer thickness range is 0.2 mm.

[0131] In S4.1 of this embodiment, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure airflow purging;

[0132] Among them, the frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 30kHz, and the cleaning time is 15 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 0.8MPa, and the purging time is 8 minutes.

[0133] Example 4:

[0134] A method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integrated molding comprises the following steps:

[0135] Step S1: Design and Modeling

[0136] S1.1. Based on the arc-extinguishing nozzle's operating requirements and performance indicators, three-dimensional modeling shall be performed using computer-aided design software. The design shall fully consider the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel shall have a diameter of 10 mm, a length of 50 mm, and a wall thickness of 2 mm.

[0137] S1.2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality.

[0138] Step S2: Material selection and preparation

[0139] S2.1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength.

[0140] S2.2. Pre-process the selected material, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 65°C and the time is 2.5 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 60μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy.

[0141] Step S3: 3D printing

[0142] S3.1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model.

[0143] S3.2. During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 26°C and a relative humidity range of 35% within the printing chamber to ensure the molding quality and printing accuracy of the material. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset.

[0144] Step S4: Post-processing

[0145] S4.1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface;

[0146] S4.2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 170°C, the holding time is 2.5 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min.

[0147] S4.3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to ensure that the surface roughness reaches Ra1.0μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear;

[0148] Step S5: Performance testing and quality control

[0149] S5.1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm.

[0150] S5.2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001;

[0151] S5.3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ;

[0152] S5.4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

[0153] In S1.2 of this embodiment, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

[0154] In S2.1 of this embodiment, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material is not less than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity is not less than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

[0155] In S3.1 of this embodiment, the laser power range during the printing process is 120 W, the scanning speed range is 600 mm / s, and the layer thickness range is 0.2 mm.

[0156] In S4.1 of this embodiment, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure airflow purging;

[0157] Among them, the frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 25kHz, and the cleaning time is 12 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 0.6MPa, and the purging time is 6 minutes.

[0158] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0159] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: Design and Modeling S1.

1. Based on the arc extinguishing nozzle's usage requirements and performance indicators, use computer-aided design software to create a three-dimensional model. The design fully considers the shape, size, internal structure, shape and size of the nozzle channel, and the connection method with the high-voltage switchgear. The nozzle channel has a diameter of 5-20 mm, a length of 30-100 mm, and a wall thickness of 1-3 mm. S1.

2. Topologically optimize the designed 3D model to remove unnecessary materials and reduce the weight of the arc extinguishing nozzle while ensuring its structural strength and functionality. Step S2: Material selection and preparation S2.

1. Select high-performance insulating materials suitable for 3D printing. These materials should have good high-temperature resistance, electrical insulation properties, and mechanical strength. S2.

2. Pre-process the selected materials, including drying and particle size screening. The drying temperature range is 60-80°C, and the time is 2-4 hours to remove moisture from the material and prevent bubbles and defects during printing. The particle size screening range is 50-100μm to ensure uniform material particles and improve printing quality and molding accuracy. Step S3: 3D printing S3.

1. Load the pre-processed material into the feed system of the 3D printer. The 3D printer uses either selective laser sintering or fused deposition modeling technology to print layer by layer according to the designed 3D model. S3.2 During the printing process, the printing environment must be strictly controlled, maintaining a temperature range of 25-30°C and a relative humidity range of 30-50% to ensure the molding quality and printing accuracy of the material. Simultaneously, the printing process must be monitored in real time to promptly detect and address any possible printing failures, including but not limited to material blockage and laser offset. Step S4: Post-processing S4.

1. After printing is completed, the formed arc extinguishing nozzle is de-powdered to remove the residual powder material on the surface; S4.

2. Heat treat the arc extinguishing nozzle to eliminate the internal stress generated during the printing process and improve its mechanical properties and dimensional stability. The heat treatment temperature range is 150-250°C, the holding time is 2-4 hours, the heating rate does not exceed 10°C / min, and the cooling rate does not exceed 5°C / min. S4.

3. Perform fine processing on the surface of the arc extinguishing nozzle, including but not limited to grinding and polishing, to achieve a surface roughness of Ra0.8-1.6μm to meet the assembly requirements and electrical insulation performance requirements of the high-voltage switchgear; Step S5: Performance testing and quality control S5.

1. Perform dimensional inspection on the finished arc-extinguishing nozzle using a three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine or a laser scanner to measure its external dimensions and internal structural dimensions. The dimensional deviation shall be controlled within ±0.1mm. S5.

2. Conduct electrical performance tests, including insulation resistance test, withstand voltage test and dielectric loss factor test; insulation resistance shall not be less than 1×10 14 Ω, withstand voltage not less than 10kV, dielectric loss factor not exceeding 0.001; S5.

3. Conduct mechanical property tests, including tensile strength test, bending strength test and impact strength test; tensile strength shall not be less than 50MPa, bending strength shall not be less than 80MPa, impact strength shall not be less than 10kJ / m 2 ; S5.

4. Arc extinguishing nozzles that have passed the inspection shall be labeled and packaged. The labeling content shall include but not be limited to product model, production date, and batch number information. The packaging shall be made of moisture-proof, shock-proof, and anti-static packaging materials to ensure that the quality and performance of the product are not affected during transportation and storage.

2. The method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S1.2, the material removal rate of the optimized model is not less than 20% while meeting the use requirements.

3. The method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2.1, the heat-resistant temperature of the selected material shall not be lower than 200°C, and the insulation resistivity shall not be lower than 1×10 14 Ω·m, tensile strength not less than 50MPa.

4. The method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S3.1, the laser power during printing is in the range of 100-200 W, the scanning speed is in the range of 500-1000 mm / s, and the layer thickness is in the range of 0.1-0.3 mm.

5. The method for manufacturing an arc-extinguishing nozzle by 3D printing integration according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S4.1, the powder removal treatment is carried out by ultrasonic cleaning or high-pressure air flow purging; The frequency range of ultrasonic cleaning is 20-40kHz, and the cleaning time is 10-20 minutes; the pressure range of high-pressure air flow purging is 0.5-1MPa, and the purging time is 5-10 minutes.