Functional feed additive for improving milk yield of milk goats

Abstract

The invention discloses a functional feed additive for increasing the milk yield of milk goats. The functional feed additive is prepared from a probiotic composition, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a compound enzyme preparation and a trace element premix. A'bacterium-enzyme-medicine-ore 'quaternary synergistic system is constructed, and a cascade enhancement effect is formed at key nodes of intestinal flora regulation, nutrient decomposition efficiency, mammary gland metabolism activation and microelement conversion; wherein the metabolic linkage of the compound probiotics and the active ingredients of the Chinese herbal medicines can break through the colonization limitation of a single strain, the slow release characteristic of an enzyme preparation realizes the space-time matching of fiber decomposition and energy supply, and the microelement chelation technology breaks through the biochemical bottleneck of mineral element absorption; meanwhile, the dynamic adaptive production process guarantees activity retention and function synergy of multi-component components from the physical and chemical level, and finally, the milk yield of the milk goats and the synthetic ability of milk fat and milk protein are systematically improved on the premise that no antibiotics are added.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of feed additives, and particularly relates to a functional feed additive for improving the milk production of dairy goats. Background Art

[0002] In dairy goat farming, the use of functional feed additives has become an important technical means to increase milk production. Currently, most commercially available additives are designed based on a single functional component, mainly including traditional probiotic preparations, plant extracts, and enzyme products.

[0003] First, the strain combination design lacks scientific coordination. A single strain is easily affected by changes in the breeding environment, resulting in fluctuating colonization effects and difficulty in stably improving the digestive and metabolic functions of dairy goats.

[0004] Secondly, the processing of Chinese herbal medicine components often remains at the stage of physical crushing or simple water extraction, failing to fully release the functional components rich in polysaccharides and flavonoids, and even failing to solve the problem of oxidation and degradation of heat-sensitive active substances during processing;

[0005] Furthermore, the addition of enzyme preparations is crude, and unprotected enzymes are easily inactivated in the acidic environment of the rumen, making them unable to target the lower digestive tract to improve the decomposition efficiency of fiber feeds.

[0006] In addition, trace elements are mostly added in the form of inorganic salts, which have problems such as low bioavailability and antagonism with other components, resulting in limited nutritional supplement effects.

[0007] The above-mentioned technical defects directly restrict the practical effect of functional additives: due to the low activity retention rate of components, weakened synergistic effect and insufficient process universality, existing products are difficult to achieve continuous improvement in milk production and milk quality in long-term feeding. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional feed additive for improving the milk production of dairy goats. By constructing a four-element synergistic system of "bacteria-enzyme-drug-mineral", a cascade enhancement effect is formed at the key nodes of intestinal flora regulation, nutrient decomposition efficiency, mammary gland metabolism activation and trace element conversion.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats, wherein the formula of the functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats is prepared by: 10-15 parts of a prebiotic composition, 8-12 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine extract, 5-8 parts of a complex enzyme preparation, and 3-5 parts of a trace element premix, calculated by weight.

[0011] The prebiotic composition is composed of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2;

[0012] The Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises a water extract of astragalus, codonopsis pilosula and angelica sinensis mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:2.

[0013] Preferably, the method for preparing the functional feed additive for increasing milk production of dairy goats comprises the following steps:

[0014] 1) Preparation of Chinese herbal medicine extract: Astragalus, Codonopsis, and Angelica sinensis are mixed in proportion, decocted in water, concentrated, and then spray-dried;

[0015] 2) Pretreatment of the complex enzyme preparation: cellulase, xylanase, and protease were mixed in a ratio of 2:1.5:0.8 and then microencapsulated;

[0016] 3) Probiotic fermentation process: Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are fermented in a fed-batch manner, and the fermentation efficiency index (FEI) is controlled to be ≥1.2;

[0017] 4) Mixing process: put the above components into a three-dimensional mixer according to proportion, mix them in stages and control the particle size to be less than 80 μm.

[0018] Preferably, in the preparation of the Chinese herbal medicine extract, the process parameters of water decoction meet the following requirements:

[0019] Total flavonoid extraction rate (%) = 0.5A × T × (1 + 0.02D) - 0.3A 2 , where: A is the number of decoctions, T is the single decoction time, and D is the drying temperature.

[0020] Preferably, the calculation formula of fermentation efficiency index (FEI) is:

[0021] FEI=(T f / 40) 2 ×(t f / 36)×(DO / 1.5)×(Bs / Bl) 0.5 , where: T f is the fermentation temperature, t f is the fermentation time, DO is the dissolved oxygen, and Bs / Bl is the ratio of the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis to that of Bacillus licheniformis. When FEI is less than 1.2, adjust at least one of the following parameters: increase the Bs / Bl ratio to above 1.5; or reduce T f to below 38°C and prolong t f Up to 48 hours or more.

[0022] Preferably, the staged mixing includes:

[0023] Primary rough mixing: first mix the trace element premix with the complex enzyme preparation for 5-8 minutes at a speed of 25-30 rpm;

[0024] Second fine mixing: add the Chinese herbal extract and the prebiotic composition and mix for 10-15 minutes at a speed of 40-45 rpm.

[0025] Preferably, the total viable count of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in the probiotic composition is not less than 2×10^9 CFU / g, wherein the viable count of Bacillus licheniformis accounts for 50%-55%, and the viable count of Bacillus subtilis accounts for 45%-50%;

[0026] The prebiotic composition is prepared by the following process:

[0027] Strain activation stage: The stored Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis mother strains were inoculated into nutrient broth medium respectively, and cultured with shaking at 37°C and pH 6.8-7.2 for 12-18 hours;

[0028] Fermentation expansion stage: The activated strain is transferred to a liquid fermentation medium containing corn starch, soybean meal and magnesium sulfate at a 5% inoculum size, the dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 1.5-2.0 mg / L, and the fermentation is carried out in a fed-batch manner for 36-48 hours;

[0029] Post-processing stage: After the fermentation is completed, the bacteria are collected by centrifugation, mixed with the protective agent in a 1:1 ratio, and then freeze-dried and crushed to a particle size of ≤50μm.

[0030] Preferably, the complex enzyme preparation comprises the following active ingredients and proportions:

[0031] Cellulase activity ≥5000U / g40%-45%, xylanase activity ≥8000U / g30%-35%, β-glucanase activity ≥3000U / g15%-20%, acid protease activity ≥6000U / g5%-10%;

[0032] The complex enzyme preparation is processed by microencapsulation embedding technology. Its capsule wall material is a composite membrane of sodium alginate and chitosan in a ratio of 3:1, with an embedding rate of 90%. It has a sustained release characteristic in a simulated rumen environment, with a release rate of ≤20% in the first 6 hours and ≥80% in 6-24 hours.

[0033] Preferably, the trace element premix comprises the following components and forms:

[0034] Glycine chelated iron Fe≥12%, methionine chelated zinc Zn≥15%, yeast selenium Se≥1000mg / kg, cobalt chloride Co≥0.1%, calcium iodate I≥3%.

[0035] Preferably, the preparation method of the trace element premix is:

[0036] Chelation reaction: glycine and methionine in a 1:1 molar ratio are reacted with ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate at pH 5.5-6.0 and 60°C for 2 hours to form a stable chelate;

[0037] Carrier adsorption: spray the chelate solution onto the rice husk powder carrier and dry it in a fluidized bed until the moisture content is ≤4%;

[0038] Homogeneously mix and put yeast selenium, cobalt chloride, calcium iodate and carrier adsorbent into a double-helix conical mixer in proportion. The coefficient of variation of mixing uniformity CV ≤ 5%

[0039] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0040] The compound probiotics synergistically regulate the homeostasis of intestinal flora. By combining Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in a specific ratio, a dual-bacteria metabolic complementary network is constructed: Bacillus licheniformis takes the lead in producing enzymes to degrade anti-nutritional factors, while Bacillus subtilis preferentially metabolizes and produces acid to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The two synergistically activate the intestinal immune barrier function, forming a long-term regulatory mechanism of "metabolism-colonization-defense", fundamentally optimizing the efficiency of nutrient absorption in dairy goats.

[0041] The multi-phase active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicines are targeted to stimulate lactation potential. Using graded dynamic extraction combined with membrane separation technology, they enrich small molecule functional substances such as astragalus polysaccharides, codonopsis saponins, and angelica ferulic acid. Through the synergistic action of these multiple components, they activate the mammary cell proliferation signaling pathway and regulate the expression sensitivity of prolactin receptors, achieving a precise match between mammary tissue metabolic activity and the lactation cycle.

[0042] The enzyme preparation microcarrier sustained-release synergistic system, based on a microencapsulation design of composite polysaccharide materials, forms a pH-responsive protective barrier in the acidic environment of the rumen, delaying enzyme protein denaturation and inactivation. After entering the intestine, the capsule wall collapses to release active enzyme groups, simultaneously decomposing cellulose and resistant starch, forming a gradient release pattern of short-chain fatty acids, and continuously promoting the supply of energy metabolism substrates.

[0043] The chelated trace elements are highly bioavailable and transformable. The molecular structure of the trace elements is reconstructed through amino acid chelation technology. Active absorption is achieved through the oligopeptide transport channels of the small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, avoiding the precipitation antagonism of inorganic salts in the digestive tract, significantly improving blood transport efficiency and target tissue deposition rate.

[0044] The full-component dynamic adaptation process chain is based on the multi-stage control of crushing-dispersion-adsorption during the mixing process. In view of the differences in oxygen resistance of probiotics, heat sensitivity of enzyme proteins and hygroscopicity of Chinese herbal medicines, a combined process of gradient mixing and ultrafine grinding under nitrogen protection is established. Through physical modification, the interfacial compatibility of each component is optimized to ensure the uniform dispersion and stable activity of the final product in aqueous feed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats. By constructing a four-component synergistic system of "bacteria-enzyme-drug-mineral," it creates a cascade enhancement effect at key nodes: regulating intestinal flora, nutrient decomposition efficiency, activating mammary gland metabolism, and transforming trace elements.

[0047] The metabolic linkage between compound probiotics and active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine can overcome the colonization limitations of a single bacterial species. The sustained-release properties of enzyme preparations achieve a temporal and spatial match between fiber decomposition and energy supply. Trace element chelation technology breaks through the biochemical bottleneck of mineral absorption.

[0048] At the same time, the dynamic adaptive production process ensures the active retention and functional synergy of multiple components from the physical and chemical level, and ultimately systematically improves the milk production and milk fat and milk protein synthesis capacity of dairy goats without adding antibiotics.

[0049] The formula of the functional feed additive for improving milk production of dairy goats is prepared from a prebiotic composition, a Chinese herbal medicine extract, a complex enzyme preparation, and a trace element premix;

[0050] The total number of viable bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in the prebiotic composition is not less than 2×10^9 CFU / g, wherein the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis accounts for 50%-55%, and the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis accounts for 45%-50%. The prebiotic composition is prepared by the following process:

[0051] The first step is the activation stage of the bacteria: the stored Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis mother cultures are inoculated into nutrient broth medium respectively, and cultured with shaking at 37°C and pH 6.8-7.2 for 12-18 hours;

[0052] The second step is the fermentation expansion stage: the activated strain is transferred to a liquid fermentation medium containing corn starch, soybean meal and magnesium sulfate at a 5% inoculum size, the dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 1.5-2.0 mg / L, and the fermentation is carried out in a fed-batch manner for 36-48 hours;

[0053] Step 3, post-processing stage: After the fermentation, the cells were collected by centrifugation, mixed with a protective agent (skim milk and trehalose mixed at a ratio of 7:3) at a ratio of 1:1, freeze-dried and crushed to a particle size of ≤50μm;

[0054] The preparation method of the Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises the following steps:

[0055] The first step is raw material pretreatment: Astragalus, Codonopsis, and Angelica are mixed in proportion, crushed to 20-30 mesh, and soaked in 5% citric acid solution for 30 minutes to remove heavy metal impurities;

[0056] The second step was three-stage dynamic countercurrent extraction: three gradient extractions were performed at 75-85°C with water as the solvent, with each extraction time being 2 hours, 1.5 hours, and 1 hour, respectively, with a solvent volume ratio of 6:4:3;

[0057] The third step is membrane separation and purification: the combined extracts are passed through a 10 kDa ultrafiltration membrane to remove macromolecular impurities, and then concentrated by reverse osmosis to a solid content of ≥35%;

[0058] The fourth step is combined drying: vacuum microwave drying (power 3kW, vacuum degree -0.08MPa) and air flow crushing are combined to finally control the moisture content to ≤5%, and the product is sorted through a 200-mesh sieve.

[0059] The synthase preparation includes the following active ingredients and proportions:

[0060] Cellulase (enzyme activity ≥ 5000U / g) 40%-45%, xylanase (enzyme activity ≥ 8000U / g) 30%-35%, β-glucanase (enzyme activity ≥ 3000U / g) 15%-20%, acid protease (enzyme activity ≥ 6000U / g) 5%-10%;

[0061] The complex enzyme preparation is processed by microencapsulation embedding technology. Its capsule wall material is a composite membrane of sodium alginate and chitosan in a ratio of 3:1. The embedding rate is more than 90%, and it has a sustained release property in a simulated rumen environment, with a release rate of ≤20% (in the first 6 hours) and ≥80% (6-24 hours).

[0062] The trace element premix comprises the following components and forms: glycine chelated iron (Fe≥12%), methionine chelated zinc (Zn≥15%), yeast selenium (Se≥1000mg / kg), cobalt chloride (Co≥0.1%), and calcium iodate (I≥3%); the preparation method thereof is as follows:

[0063] The first step is chelation reaction: glycine and methionine are reacted with ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate at a molar ratio of 1:1 at pH 5.5-6.0 and 60°C for 2 hours to form a stable chelate.

[0064] Step 2: Carrier adsorption: spray the chelate solution onto the rice husk powder carrier (adsorption rate ≥ 80%) and then dry it in a fluidized bed until the moisture content is ≤ 4%;

[0065] Step 3: Homogenizing and mixing: Yeast selenium, cobalt chloride, calcium iodate and carrier adsorbent are added into a double-helix conical mixer in proportion, and the coefficient of variation of mixing uniformity CV is ≤5%;

[0066] The total mixing process of additives includes:

[0067] The first step is premixing: put the trace element premix and the complex enzyme preparation into a V-type mixer and mix them at a speed of 28-32 rpm for 15 minutes, and control the mixing uniformity RSD ≤ 8%;

[0068] The second step is the final mixing stage: after adding the prebiotic composition and the Chinese herbal extract, switch to the three-dimensional motion mixer and mix at a speed of 45-50 rpm for 25 minutes, while simultaneously introducing nitrogen protection;

[0069] The third step is physical modification: the mixed materials are processed by an ultrafine grinding unit (main unit frequency 35Hz, classification wheel speed 2500rpm) to D90 ≤ 75μm, and packaged in an environment with relative humidity ≤ 30% and stored at a temperature not higher than 25℃;

[0070] In addition, the preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the milk production of dairy goats comprises the following steps:

[0071] 1) Preparation of Chinese herbal medicine extract: Astragalus, Codonopsis, and Angelica sinensis are mixed in proportion, decocted in water, concentrated, and then spray-dried;

[0072] 2) Pretreatment of the complex enzyme preparation: cellulase, xylanase, and protease are mixed in a ratio of 2:1.5:0.8 and then microencapsulated; in the preparation of the Chinese herbal medicine extract, the water decoction process parameters meet the following requirements:

[0073] Total flavonoid extraction rate (%) = 0.5A × T × (1 + 0.02D) - 0.3A 2 , where: A is the number of decoctions, T is the single decoction time, and D is the drying temperature;

[0074] 3) Probiotic fermentation process: Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are fermented in a fed-batch manner, and the fermentation efficiency index (FEI) is controlled to be ≥1.2; the fermentation efficiency index (FEI) is calculated as follows:

[0075] FEI=(T f / 40) 2 ×(t f / 36)×(DO / 1.5)×(Bs / Bl) 0.5 , where: T fis the fermentation temperature, t f is the fermentation time, DO is the dissolved oxygen, and Bs / Bl is the ratio of the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis to that of Bacillus licheniformis. When FEI is less than 1.2, adjust at least one of the following parameters: increase the Bs / Bl ratio to above 1.5; or reduce T f to below 38°C and prolong t f to more than 48 hours;

[0076] 4) Mixing process: put the above components into a three-dimensional mixer according to proportion, mix them in stages and control the particle size to be less than 80 μm.

[0077] The following three groups of examples are used to specifically explain the formula and preparation method of the functional feed additive for improving the milk production of dairy goats, as shown in the following table:

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Allocation logic description:

[0081] Process adaptation of prebiotics and enzyme preparations: Example 1 (medium-fiber feed): 12 parts of prebiotics (lichen / subtilis 1:1) are adapted to 6 parts of complex enzymes (cellulase-dominated);

[0082] Example 2 (concentrated feed): increase the prebiotic to 15 parts (focusing on bacterial competition) and reduce the enzyme preparation to 5 parts (xylanase preferentially decomposes low-fiber);

[0083] Example 3 (roughage): the amount of prebiotics was reduced to 10 parts (to avoid excessive energy consumption), and the amount of enzyme preparation was increased to 8 parts (β-glucanase enhanced fiber degradation).

[0084] Dynamic balance of Chinese herbal medicine compatibility: the amount of Astragalus membranaceus in Example 1 is slightly reduced (4 parts / total 10 parts): to avoid excessive Qi supplementation causing metabolic burden;

[0085] Example 2 Codonopsis pilosula reduction (2 portions / 8 portions in total): Reduce saponin intake to match the high nutritional density of concentrated feed;

[0086] Example 3: The amount of angelica sinensis is increased to 5 parts (total 12 parts): the concentration of ferulic acid is enhanced to cope with the oxidative stress caused by high fiber.

[0087] Targeted compensation of trace elements: Example 1 (glycine iron 50%): Supplementing iron to promote hemoglobin synthesis;

[0088] Example 2 (50% zinc methionine): Enriching zinc to improve enzyme activity stability;

[0089] Example 3 (Yeast Selenium 40%): Enhancement of the antioxidant system by organic selenium to match a high-fiber feeding pattern.

[0090] According to the above embodiment, the following preparation parameters are respectively adopted:

[0091]

[0092]

[0093] Effect analysis

[0094] Example 1

[0095] Bacterial balance: The optimal synergy is achieved with a 1:1 ratio of lichen and subtend, which increases enzyme production by 45% and significantly promotes fiber degradation, with an NDF degradation rate of 56%.

[0096] Activity retention: Decoction three times and ultrafiltration membrane separation can achieve an astragalus polysaccharide retention rate of 94%, and low-temperature mixing at 40 rpm can reduce enzyme activity loss.

[0097] Balanced effect: milk production and quality both increase steadily, suitable for conventional feeding conditions.

[0098] Example 2

[0099] Bacterial species bias: Licheniformes accounted for a higher proportion of 1:0.8, which enhanced cellulose degradation, but the decrease in the colonization of Bacillus subtilis led to insufficient acid metabolism and a lower fiber decomposition rate of 48%;

[0100] Process simplification: Although boiling twice in water shortens the time, the polysaccharide retention rate decreases by 87%, affecting the intensity of lactation signal activation and slightly reducing the milk fat content;

[0101] Applicable scenarios: Suitable for intensive pastures with low fiber content in feed.

[0102] Example 3

[0103] Bacteria reinforcement: The ratio of lichen to subtilis of 1:1.2 enhances the acid production capacity of subtilis bacteria, inhibits pathogens more significantly, and the fiber decomposition rate exceeds 62%;

[0104] Process upgrade: 4-step gradient decoction combined with low-temperature drying at 65°C, polysaccharide retention rate reaches 96%, mammary gland metabolism activation efficiency is the highest, and milk fat / milk protein is increased to 4.5% / 3.8%;

[0105] Technical advantages: Suitable for dairy goat groups that feed on high-fiber feed or are in the peak lactation period.

[0106] The above comparison is shown in the following table:

[0107] Comparison Dimension Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Strain ratio adaptability Medium fiber feed Low-fiber concentrate feed High-fiber roughage Active ingredient release efficiency Balanced Quick release Long-acting sustained-release Comprehensive benefit priority Cost Control Convenience of operation Maximize performance

[0108] Conclusion: Example 3 achieved the best performance in terms of milk yield (+21.4%), milk fat synthesis (4.5%) and fiber decomposition rate (62%) by optimizing the strain ratio (1:1.2) and process parameters (4 times gradient decoction + low-temperature drying), but the cost was relatively high; Example 1 is suitable for conventional pastures that balance production needs and economic benefits, and Example 2 is more suitable for intensive farming scenarios with high requirements for operational timeliness.

[0109] In summary, the composite probiotics of the present invention synergistically regulate the homeostasis of intestinal flora. By combining Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in a specific ratio, a dual-bacteria metabolic complementary network is constructed: Bacillus licheniformis predominantly produces enzymes to degrade anti-nutritional factors, while Bacillus subtilis preferentially metabolizes and produces acid to inhibit pathogenic bacteria. The two synergistically activate the intestinal immune barrier function, forming a long-term regulatory mechanism of "metabolism-colonization-defense", fundamentally optimizing the efficiency of nutrient absorption in dairy goats.

[0110] The multi-phase active ingredients of traditional Chinese medicine are targeted to stimulate lactation potential. Using graded dynamic extraction combined with membrane separation technology, they enrich small-molecule functional substances such as astragalus polysaccharides, codonopsis saponins, and angelica ferulic acid. Through the synergistic action of these multiple components, they activate breast cell proliferation signaling pathways such as PI3K / Akt / mTOR and regulate the expression sensitivity of prolactin receptors, achieving a precise match between breast tissue metabolic activity and the lactation cycle.

[0111] The enzyme preparation microcarrier sustained-release synergistic system, based on a microencapsulation design of composite polysaccharide materials, forms a pH-responsive protective barrier in the acidic environment of the rumen, delaying enzyme protein denaturation and inactivation. After entering the intestine, the capsule wall collapses to release active enzyme groups, simultaneously decomposing cellulose and resistant starch, forming a gradient release pattern of short-chain fatty acids, and continuously promoting the supply of energy metabolism substrates.

[0112] The chelated trace elements are highly bioavailable and transformable. The molecular structure of the trace elements is reconstructed through amino acid chelation technology. Active absorption is achieved through the oligopeptide transport channels of the small intestinal mucosal epithelial cells, avoiding the precipitation antagonism of inorganic salts in the digestive tract, significantly improving blood transport efficiency and target tissue deposition rate.

[0113] The full-component dynamic adaptation process chain is based on the multi-stage control of crushing-dispersion-adsorption during the mixing process. In view of the differences in oxygen resistance of probiotics, heat sensitivity of enzyme proteins and hygroscopicity of Chinese herbal medicines, a combined process of gradient mixing and ultrafine grinding under nitrogen protection is established. Through physical modification, the interfacial compatibility of each component is optimized to ensure the uniform dispersion and stable activity of the final product in aqueous feed.

[0114] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats, characterized in that: The formula of the functional feed additive for improving milk production of dairy goats is prepared by: 10-15 parts of a prebiotic composition, 8-12 parts of a Chinese herbal medicine extract, 5-8 parts of a complex enzyme preparation, and 3-5 parts of a trace element premix, calculated by weight. The prebiotic composition is composed of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.2; The Chinese herbal medicine extract comprises a water extract of astragalus, codonopsis pilosula and angelica sinensis mixed in a mass ratio of 4:3:

2.

2. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method for preparing the functional feed additive for improving milk production of dairy goats comprises the following steps: 1) Preparation of Chinese herbal medicine extract: Astragalus, Codonopsis, and Angelica are mixed in proportion, decocted in water, concentrated, and then spray-dried; 2) Pretreatment of the complex enzyme preparation: cellulase, xylanase, and protease were mixed in a ratio of 2:1.5:0.8 and then microencapsulated; 3) Probiotic fermentation process: Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis are fermented in a fed-batch manner, and the fermentation efficiency index (FEI) is controlled to be ≥1.2; 4) Mixing process: put the above components into a three-dimensional mixer according to proportion, mix them in stages and control the particle size to be less than 80 μm.

3. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the preparation of Chinese herbal medicine extracts, the process parameters of water decoction meet the following requirements: Total flavonoid extraction rate (%) = 0.5A × T × (1 + 0.02D) - 0.3A 2 , where: A is the number of decoctions, T is the single decoction time, and D is the drying temperature.

4. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of fermentation efficiency index (FEI) is: FEI=(T f / 40) 2 ×(t f / 36)×(DO / 1.5)×(Bs / Bl) 0.5 , where: T f is the fermentation temperature, t f is the fermentation time, DO is the dissolved oxygen, and Bs / Bl is the ratio of the number of viable bacteria of Bacillus subtilis to that of Bacillus licheniformis. When FEI is less than 1.2, adjust at least one of the following parameters: increase the Bs / Bl ratio to above 1.5; or reduce T f to below 38°C and prolong t f Up to 48 hours or more.

5. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 2, characterized in that: Phased mixing includes: Primary rough mixing: first mix the trace element premix with the complex enzyme preparation for 5-8 minutes at a speed of 25-30 rpm; Second fine mixing: add the Chinese herbal extract and the prebiotic composition and mix for 10-15 minutes at a speed of 40-45 rpm.

6. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total number of viable bacteria of Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis in the prebiotic composition is not less than 2×10^9 CFU / g, wherein the viable bacteria count of Bacillus licheniformis accounts for 50%-55%, and the viable bacteria count of Bacillus subtilis accounts for 45%-50%; The prebiotic composition is prepared by the following process: Strain activation stage: The stored Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus subtilis mother strains were inoculated into nutrient broth medium respectively, and cultured with shaking at 37°C and pH 6.8-7.2 for 12-18 hours; Fermentation expansion stage: The activated strain is transferred to a liquid fermentation medium containing corn starch, soybean meal and magnesium sulfate at a 5% inoculum size, the dissolved oxygen content is controlled at 1.5-2.0 mg / L, and the fermentation is carried out in a fed-batch manner for 36-48 hours; Post-processing stage: After the fermentation is completed, the bacteria are collected by centrifugation, mixed with the protective agent in a 1:1 ratio, and then freeze-dried and crushed to a particle size of ≤50μm.

7. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 1, characterized in that: The complex enzyme preparation includes the following active ingredients and proportions: Cellulase activity ≥5000U / g40%-45%, xylanase activity ≥8000U / g30%-35%, β-glucanase activity ≥3000U / g15%-20%, acid protease activity ≥6000U / g5%-10%; The complex enzyme preparation is processed by microencapsulation embedding technology. Its capsule wall material is a composite membrane of sodium alginate and chitosan in a ratio of 3:1, with an embedding rate of 90%. It has a sustained release characteristic in a simulated rumen environment, with a release rate of ≤20% in the first 6 hours and ≥80% in 6-24 hours.

8. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 1, characterized in that: Trace element premixes include the following components and forms: Glycine chelated iron Fe≥12%, methionine chelated zinc Zn≥15%, yeast selenium Se≥1000mg / kg, cobalt chloride Co≥0.1%, calcium iodate I≥3%.

9. A functional feed additive for increasing milk production in dairy goats according to claim 8, characterized in that: The preparation method of trace element premix is ​​as follows: Chelation reaction: glycine and methionine in a 1:1 molar ratio are reacted with ferrous sulfate and zinc sulfate at pH 5.5-6.0 and 60°C for 2 hours to form a stable chelate; Carrier adsorption: spray the chelate solution onto the rice husk powder carrier and dry it in a fluidized bed until the moisture content is ≤4%; Homogeneously mix and put yeast selenium, cobalt chloride, calcium iodate and carrier adsorbent into a double-helix conical mixer in proportion, and the coefficient of variation of mixing uniformity CV ≤ 5%.

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