Miniature deep groove ball bearing for fishing reel and preparation method of miniature deep groove ball bearing

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rolling bearing manufacturing, in particular to a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel and a manufacturing method of the miniature deep groove ball bearing, and the miniature deep groove ball bearing comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, a retainer and a rolling body, comprising high-purity bearing steel powder, a titanium particle enhancer, a nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium element powder and a boride sintering aid. The retainer is prepared from polyether-ether-ketone, a graphite fluoride composite material and a glass fiber reinforced filler; and the rolling body is a silicon nitride ceramic ball. According to the angular contact ball bearing disclosed by the invention, through multi-component alloy powder-ceramic rolling body cooperative reinforcement and precise assembly-detection closed-loop control, the angular contact ball bearing can simultaneously realize micron-order rotation precision, dimensional stability and low vibration performance under a high-speed working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of rolling bearing manufacturing, in particular to a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Modern fishing reels, especially high-end fishing reels and spinning reels, place stringent demands on lightweight, high sensitivity, and smoothness of rotating components. Small-sized angular contact ball bearings are often used inside the reel to support the main shaft, clutch, and line loop to achieve high-speed casting and retrieval.

[0003] Traditional reel bearings typically use ordinary GCr15 bearing steel inner and outer rings with stainless steel or ceramic rolling elements, and retainers typically made of brass or injection-molded engineering plastics. Limited by material uniformity, surface quality, and assembly precision, these bearings are susceptible to increased rotational resistance, loss of clearance control, and insufficient corrosion resistance in fishing environments, such as long-term high-speed idling, frequent moisture exposure, and fine sand intrusion. These issues can lead to reduced casting distance, poor retrieval feel, and shortened bearing life. Therefore, miniature deep groove ball bearings for fishing reels and methods for their manufacture are urgently needed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Based on the above objectives, the present invention provides a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] A miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel comprises an outer ring, an inner ring, a cage, and rolling elements, wherein the inner ring and the outer ring are sintered from a mixed powder having the following mass percentages: High-purity bearing steel powder: 57% to 76%; Titanium particle strengthener: 5% to 10%; Nickel-based self-lubricating alloy: 10% to 15%; Rare earth oxides: 2% to 4%; Graphite nanoparticles: 3% to 6%; Chromium powder: 3% to 6%, Boride sintering aid: 1% to 2%.

[0006] Optionally, the retaining frame is made of polyetheretherketone, fluorinated graphite composite material and glass fiber reinforced filler, and the weight ratio is 80-85% of polyetheretherketone, 10-12% of fluorinated graphite, and the rest is glass fiber reinforced filler.

[0007] Optionally, the rolling body is a silicon nitride ceramic ball.

[0008] A method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel, for preparing the above-mentioned high rotation precision angular contact ball bearing, comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the raw materials of the inner and outer rings: high-purity bearing steel powder, titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium powder and boride sintering aid are mixed in proportion, then a dispersion medium is added for wet mixing, and after drying, spheroidization is performed to obtain spherical alloy powder with uniform surface; S2, forming and sintering the inner and outer rings: Spherical alloy powder is pressed to form the inner and outer ring blanks, which are then sintered at high temperature. After sintering, the surfaces of the inner and outer rings are subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment to obtain the finished inner and outer rings for later use. S3, cage material blending and molding: polyetheretherketone resin, graphite fluoride and reinforcing filler are weighed and blended according to a certain proportion, and then a cage blank is manufactured by thermoplastic extrusion and injection molding. The cage blank is heat-set to obtain a finished cage for use; S4, rolling element treatment: polishing the surface of the rolling element and modifying its surface by gas plasma treatment to obtain a finished rolling element for standby use; S5, component assembly: Pair the inner ring, outer ring, cage and rolling elements, assemble them according to the preset contact angle and preload requirements, and fill them with grease during the assembly process; S6, finished product inspection and processing: The assembled angular contact ball bearings are inspected for rotation accuracy, dimensional stability and vibration parameters, and screened according to the set standards to obtain the target bearing products.

[0009] Optionally, the S1 specifically includes: S11, weighing ingredients: weighing and mixing high-purity bearing steel powder, titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium element powder and boride sintering aid according to mass percentage to form mixed powder A; S12, wet mixing treatment: adding anhydrous ethanol as a dispersion medium to the mixed powder A, wherein the volume of the dispersion medium is 1.2 to 1.5 times the total volume of the mixed powder A, and performing wet mixing using a planetary ball mill. The mixing time is controlled within 1 to 2 hours, the ball-to-material ratio is set to 4:1, and the rotation speed is controlled within 200 to 300 rpm; S13, drying treatment: transferring the wet mixed slurry to a vacuum drying oven, setting the drying temperature to 60-80°C, the vacuum degree to -0.08--0.1 MPa, and the drying time to 4-6 hours to ensure complete evaporation of the dispersion medium; S14, spheroidization treatment: the dried mixed powder is sent to a high-temperature centrifugal spray device for spheroidization treatment. The spray temperature is controlled at 1400-1600 ° C, and the rotating disk speed is controlled at 1.2×10 3 ~2.0×10 3rpm, the cooling medium was argon, and the spherical alloy powder was collected.

[0010] Optionally, the S2 specifically includes: S21, pressing and molding: the spherical alloy powder obtained in S1 is loaded into a special mold for the inner ring and outer ring, and is molded by cold isostatic pressing. The pressing pressure is controlled at 150-220 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 3-5 minutes, to form a prefabricated body of the inner ring and outer ring with a density of not less than 60%; S22, high temperature sintering: heating the preform body in a protective atmosphere for high temperature sintering, controlling the sintering temperature at 1150-1250°C, a heating rate of 5-10°C / min, and a holding time of 3-4 hours; S23, micro-arc oxidation treatment: the sintered inner ring and outer ring are placed in a micro-arc oxidation treatment device in sequence, and a pulsed DC power supply is used to apply voltage, with the voltage range controlled within 400-550V and the frequency set to 500-1000Hz, for a treatment time of 10-20 minutes; S24, take out for standby: After the micro-arc oxidation treatment, the inner ring and the outer ring are rinsed with deionized water and dried under hot air conditions at 60-80°C for 30-60 minutes. The dried inner ring and outer ring are the standby finished products.

[0011] Optionally, the S3 specifically includes: S31, weighing and blending raw materials: adding polyetheretherketone resin, graphite fluoride, and glass fiber reinforced filler according to predetermined mass percentages into the hopper of a twin-screw extruder, setting the feed rate to 2-4 kg / h, controlling the barrel temperature to 310-340° C., and performing blending and plasticizing treatment, while controlling the screw speed to 100-200 rpm; S32, thermoplastic extrusion and pelletizing: the melt after blending and plasticization is extruded into strips through an extruder head and cooled, and then pelletized to form special pellets for the cage, with a particle size controlled at 2-4 mm; S33, injection molding a retainer blank: placing the prepared retainer pellets into an injection molding machine, setting the mold temperature to 120-150° C., the injection temperature to 350-380° C., the injection pressure to 80-120 MPa, and the holding time to 6-10 seconds, and injection molding to form the retainer blank; S34, heat setting treatment: placing the cage blank in a heat setting furnace for heat setting treatment, setting the setting temperature at 180-200°C and holding time for 2-4 hours; S35, finished product standby: take out the heat-set retainer, let it stand for 4 to 6 hours under natural cooling conditions, and wait for it to return to room temperature before use.

[0012] Optionally, the S4 specifically includes: S41, rolling element surface polishing: placing the silicon nitride ceramic ball in an ultra-precision polishing device, using diamond micropowder with a particle size of 0.01 to 0.05 μm as the polishing medium, performing dry polishing at a polishing pressure of 0.2 to 0.5 MPa and a polishing disk speed of 100 to 300 rpm, with the polishing time controlled at 30 to 60 minutes, until the rolling element surface roughness reaches less than 0.005 μm; S42, rolling element plasma surface modification treatment: placing the polished rolling element in a vacuum plasma treatment chamber, evacuating the chamber to 0.1-0.5 Pa, introducing high-purity nitrogen as a reaction gas, stabilizing the nitrogen pressure in the reaction chamber at 200-400 Pa, applying a radio frequency power of 300-500 W for plasma treatment, the treatment time being 20-40 minutes, and the temperature being controlled at 100-200° C.; S43, rolling element finished product treatment: the rolling element after the plasma treatment is taken out and placed in an inert gas environment to naturally cool to room temperature for use.

[0013] Optionally, the S5 specifically includes: S51, component size screening and matching: Dimensional measurements are performed on the sintered inner and outer rings, heat-set retainers, and surface-modified rolling elements. A three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is used to measure the inner and outer rings with inner and outer diameters and raceway dimensions less than ±2μm. A group of rolling elements with a diameter difference of no more than ±0.2μm is selected and paired according to the principle of optimal size matching. S52, preset contact angle and preload setting: according to the target use requirements of the angular contact ball bearing, set the contact angle to 25°~35° and the preload value to 50~120N; S53, Assembly: In a dedicated assembly fixture, install the screened and matched inner ring, cage, rolling element and outer ring in sequence; S54, Grease filling: Use a grease injection machine to quantitatively inject fluorinated high-temperature grease into the internal cavity of the bearing. The grease filling amount is controlled to 15% to 25% of the free space inside the bearing. After grease injection, allow the bearing to idle for 5 to 10 turns.

[0014] Optionally, the S6 specifically includes: S61, Rotational Accuracy Test: Install the assembled angular contact ball bearing on a high-precision spindle testing device. Set the test speed to 20,000 rpm and measure the spindle radial runout and axial runout. The rotational accuracy acceptance criteria are: radial runout between 0.5 and 2.0 μm, and axial runout between 0.8 and 2.5 μm. S62, Dimensional Stability Test: A high-precision laser measuring instrument is used to measure the inner diameter, outer diameter, and groove width of the bearing. The measurement accuracy is not less than ±1μm. The dimensional change rate acceptance standard is: the change rate of each measured part relative to the initial dimension before assembly is controlled within the range of -0.3% to +0.3%, and the absolute dimensional change is controlled between -2μm and +2μm. S63, vibration parameter testing: The bearing is mounted on a vibration test bench and subjected to a vibration test at 15,000 rpm. The vibration amplitude is recorded using an accelerometer. The vibration amplitude acceptance standard is: the peak value of the vibration acceleration within the test frequency band is between 0.2 and 1.0 g; S64, screening and determination: Screen out angular contact ball bearings that meet the requirements of rotation accuracy, dimensional stability and vibration parameter range as target bearing products.

[0015] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention introduces titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium powder and boride sintering aid into the inner ring and outer ring material system, and adopts an integrated process of wet mixing-spheroidization, high-temperature sintering-micro-arc oxidation. The formed alloy structure is dense and chemically uniform. Combined with ultra-precision polishing and plasma modification treatment of silicon nitride rolling elements, the contact deformation and friction coefficient of the rolling pair are significantly reduced, and the rotation accuracy is stably maintained in the micron range, meeting the strict requirements of high-speed spindles for low runout and low vibration.

[0016] The present invention realizes closed-loop quality control of the entire bearing process through the co-blending molding and heat setting of polyetheretherketone-fluorinated graphite-glass fiber retaining frames, combined with size screening, contact angle control and preload fine-tuning in the assembly stage, as well as multi-dimensional detection of rotation accuracy, dimensional stability and vibration parameters based on interval judgment standards. The angular contact ball bearings finally produced have high dimensional stability and vibration suppression capabilities under high-speed operation conditions, which can extend the operating cycle of the entire machine and reduce maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only for the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the bearing preparation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It is also noted that, to provide a more detailed description, the following embodiments are best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may employ alternative methods for implementing certain known technologies. Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are intended only to provide a more detailed description of the embodiments and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0020] It should be noted that references in the specification to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," "exemplary embodiments," "some embodiments," etc. indicate that the described embodiments may include specific features, structures, or characteristics, but not necessarily every embodiment will include such specific features, structures, or characteristics. Furthermore, when specific features, structures, or characteristics are described in conjunction with an embodiment, it is within the knowledge of persons skilled in the relevant art to implement such features, structures, or characteristics in conjunction with other embodiments (whether or not explicitly described).

[0021] In general, terms can be understood, at least in part, from their use in context. For example, depending at least in part on the context, the term "one or more" as used herein can be used to describe any feature, structure, or characteristic in the singular sense, or can be used to describe a combination of features, structures, or characteristics in the plural sense. Additionally, the term "based on" can be understood as not necessarily intended to convey an exclusive set of factors, but can instead, depending at least in part on the context, allow for the presence of other factors that are not necessarily explicitly described.

[0022] Example 1 Miniature deep groove ball bearings for fishing reels include an outer ring, an inner ring, a cage, and rolling elements. The inner and outer rings are sintered from a mixed powder with the following mass percentages: High-purity bearing steel powder (GCr15SiMn): 67.5%; Titanium particle reinforcement (TiC): 7%; Nickel-based self-lubricating alloy (Ni-Mo-Sn): 12%; Rare earth oxide (Y2O3): 3%; Graphite nanoparticles: 5%; Chromium powder (Cr): 4%, Boride sintering aid (such as TiB2): 1.5%.

[0023] The cage is made of polyetheretherketone, fluorinated graphite composite material and glass fiber reinforced filler, with the weight ratio of polyetheretherketone accounting for 83%, fluorinated graphite accounting for 11%, and the rest being glass fiber reinforced filler.

[0024] The rolling elements are silicon nitride ceramic balls.

[0025] like Figure 1As shown, the preparation method of the miniature deep groove ball bearing for fishing reel comprises the following steps: S1, mixing the raw materials of the inner and outer rings: high-purity bearing steel powder, titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium powder and boride sintering aid are mixed in proportion, then a dispersion medium is added for wet mixing, and after drying, spheroidization is performed to obtain spherical alloy powder with uniform surface; S2, forming and sintering the inner and outer rings: Spherical alloy powder is pressed to form the inner and outer ring blanks, which are then sintered at high temperature. After sintering, the surfaces of the inner and outer rings are subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment to obtain the finished inner and outer rings for later use. S3, cage material blending and molding: polyetheretherketone resin, graphite fluoride and reinforcing filler are weighed and blended according to a certain proportion, and then a cage blank is manufactured by thermoplastic extrusion and injection molding. The cage blank is heat-set to obtain a finished cage for use; S4, rolling element treatment: polishing the surface of the rolling element and modifying its surface by gas plasma treatment to obtain a finished rolling element for standby use; S5, component assembly: Pair the inner ring, outer ring, cage, and rolling elements and assemble them according to the preset contact angle and preload requirements. Grease is then added during the assembly process to ensure that the lubrication layer covers the rolling contact area, forming a stable lubrication interface. S6, finished product inspection and processing: The assembled angular contact ball bearings are inspected for rotation accuracy, dimensional stability and vibration parameters, and screened according to the set standards to obtain the target bearing products.

[0026] S1 specifically includes: S11, weighing ingredients: weighing and mixing high-purity bearing steel powder, titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium element powder and boride sintering aid according to mass percentage to form mixed powder A; S12, wet mixing treatment: adding anhydrous ethanol as a dispersion medium to the mixed powder A, with the volume of the dispersion medium being 1.3 times the total volume of the mixed powder A, and performing wet mixing using a planetary ball mill. The mixing time was controlled within 1.5 hours, the ball-to-powder ratio was set to 4:1, and the rotation speed was controlled at 250 rpm; S13, drying treatment: transferring the wet mixed slurry to a vacuum drying oven, setting the drying temperature to 70°C, the vacuum degree to -0.09 MPa, and the drying time to 5 hours to ensure complete evaporation of the dispersion medium; S14, spheroidization treatment: the dried mixed powder is sent to a high-temperature centrifugal spray device for spheroidization treatment. The spray temperature is controlled at 1500 ° C and the rotating disk speed is controlled at 1.6×10 3rpm, the cooling medium is argon, and the obtained spherical alloy powder is collected as the subsequent molding material.

[0027] S2 specifically includes: S21, pressing and molding: the spherical alloy powder obtained in S1 is placed into a special mold for the inner ring and outer ring, and is molded by cold isostatic pressing. The pressing pressure is controlled at 200 MPa and the holding time is 4 minutes to form a prefabricated body of the inner ring and outer ring with a density of not less than 60%; S22, high temperature sintering: heating the preform under protective atmosphere conditions for high temperature sintering, the sintering temperature is controlled at 1200°C, the heating rate is 8°C / min, and the holding time is 3.5 hours; S23, micro-arc oxidation treatment: The sintered inner ring and outer ring are placed in a micro-arc oxidation treatment device in sequence. A pulsed DC power supply is used to apply voltage. The voltage range is controlled within 500 V, the frequency is set to 800 Hz, and the treatment time is 15 minutes. The electrolyte composition is a silicate-phosphate mixed system. S24, take out for standby: After the micro-arc oxidation treatment, the inner ring and the outer ring are rinsed with deionized water and dried under 70°C hot air conditions for 45 minutes. The dried inner ring and outer ring are the standby finished products.

[0028] S3 specifically includes: S31, weighing and blending raw materials: polyetheretherketone resin, graphite fluoride, and glass fiber reinforced filler are added into the hopper of a twin-screw extruder according to predetermined mass percentages. The feed rate is set to 3 kg / h, the barrel temperature is controlled at 330° C., and the blending and plasticization treatment is performed. The screw speed is controlled at 150 rpm. S32, thermoplastic extrusion and pelletizing: the melt after blending and plasticization is extruded into strips through an extruder head and cooled, and then pelletized to form special pellets for the cage, with a particle size controlled at 3mm; S33, injection molding a retainer blank: placing the prepared retainer pellets into an injection molding machine, setting the mold temperature to 130° C., the injection temperature to 370° C., the injection pressure to 100 MPa, and the holding time to 8 seconds, and injection molding to form a retainer blank; S34, heat setting treatment: placing the cage blank in a heat setting furnace for heat setting treatment, with the setting temperature set at 190°C and the holding time being 3 hours; S35, finished product standby: take out the retainer after heat setting, let it stand for 5 hours under natural cooling conditions, and wait for the temperature to return to room temperature before use.

[0029] S4 specifically includes: S41, rolling element surface polishing: placing the silicon nitride ceramic ball in an ultra-precision polishing device, using diamond micropowder with a particle size of 0.03 μm as the polishing medium, performing dry polishing at a polishing pressure of 0.3 MPa and a polishing disk speed of 200 rpm, and controlling the polishing time to be 40 minutes, until the rolling element surface roughness reaches 0.003 μm; S42, rolling element plasma surface modification treatment: placing the polished rolling element in a vacuum plasma treatment chamber, evacuating the chamber to 0.3 Pa, introducing high-purity nitrogen as a reaction gas, stabilizing the nitrogen pressure in the reaction chamber at 300 Pa, applying a radio frequency power of 400 W for plasma treatment for 30 minutes, and controlling the temperature at 150°C; S43, rolling element finished product treatment: the rolling element after the plasma treatment is taken out and placed in an inert gas environment to naturally cool to room temperature for use.

[0030] S5 specifically includes: S51, component size screening and matching: Dimensional measurements are performed on the sintered inner and outer rings, heat-set retainers, and surface-modified rolling elements. A three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is used to measure the inner and outer rings with inner and outer diameters and raceway dimensions less than ±2μm. A group of rolling elements with a diameter difference of no more than ±0.2μm is selected and paired according to the principle of optimal size matching. S52, preset contact angle and preload setting: Based on the target use requirements of the angular contact ball bearing, set the contact angle to 30°. Adjust the relative installation angle of the outer ring and inner ring based on the calculated preset contact angle parameters. Set the preload value to 80N based on the bearing load requirements. Use an end face pressure device to apply an axial positioning force to the rolling element assembly area. S53, Assembly: In a dedicated assembly fixture, install the selected inner ring, cage, rolling elements, and outer ring in sequence, controlling the assembly speed to less than 5mm / min to avoid introducing additional displacement errors while keeping the rolling elements evenly distributed in the raceway. S54, Grease filling: Use a grease injection machine to quantitatively inject fluorinated high-temperature grease into the bearing cavity. The grease filling amount is controlled to 20% of the free space inside the bearing. After grease injection, allow the bearing to idle for 8 revolutions to ensure that the grease evenly covers the rolling contact area.

[0031] S6 specifically includes: S61, Rotational Accuracy Test: Install the assembled angular contact ball bearing on a high-precision spindle testing device. Set the test speed to 20,000 rpm and measure the spindle radial runout and axial runout. The acceptable rotational accuracy standards are: radial runout of 0.8 μm and axial runout of 1 μm. S62, Dimensional Stability Test: A high-precision laser measuring instrument is used to measure the inner diameter, outer diameter, and groove width of the bearing. The measurement accuracy is not less than ±1μm. The dimensional change rate acceptance standard is: the change rate of each measured part relative to the initial dimension before assembly is between -0.1% and +0.1%, and the absolute dimensional change is controlled between -2μm and +2μm. S63, vibration parameter detection: The bearing is mounted on a vibration test bench and subjected to a vibration test at a speed of 15,000 rpm. The vibration amplitude is recorded using an accelerometer. The vibration amplitude qualification standard is: the vibration acceleration peak value is between 0.2 and 1.0 g within the test frequency band.

[0032] Example 2 S1: First, 76% high-purity bearing steel powder, 5% titanium microparticle reinforcement, 10% nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, 2% rare earth oxide, 3% graphite nanoparticles, 3% chromium powder, and 1% boride sintering aid were weighed by mass percentage, and anhydrous ethanol was added as a dispersion medium with a volume of 1.2 times the total volume of the mixed powder. The mixture was wet-mixed in a planetary ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 4:1 and a rotation speed of 200 rpm for 1 hour. The mixed slurry was then transferred to a vacuum drying oven with a drying temperature of 60°C and a vacuum degree of -0.08 MPa, and dried for 4 hours. The dried mixed powder was sent to a high-temperature centrifugal spray device for spheroidization treatment. The spray temperature was controlled at 1400°C and the rotating disk speed was controlled at 1.2×10 3 rpm to ensure that the dispersion medium is completely evaporated to obtain a mixed powder; S2: The dried mixed powder is placed into a special mold and formed using a cold isostatic pressing process at a pressing pressure of 150 MPa for 3 minutes to obtain an inner ring and outer ring prefabricated body with a density of not less than 60%. The prefabricated body is then sintered under a protective atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1150°C, a heating rate of 5°C / min, and a holding time of 3 hours. After completion, the sintered body is subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment with the treatment parameters of voltage 400V, frequency 500Hz, and treatment time 10 minutes. After treatment, the prefabricated body is rinsed with deionized water and dried under hot air conditions at 60°C for 30 minutes to obtain the inner ring and outer ring spare parts. S3: The cage material is a mixture of 80% polyetheretherketone, 10% fluorinated graphite, and the balance glass fiber reinforced filler. The mixture is blended and plasticized in a twin-screw extruder at a feed rate of 2 kg / h, a barrel temperature of 310°C, and a screw speed of 100 rpm. It is then extruded, cooled, and pelletized to a particle size of 2 mm. The cage blank is then formed by injection molding at a mold temperature of 120°C, an injection temperature of 350°C, an injection pressure of 80 MPa, and a holding time of 6 seconds. The cage blank is then heat-set at 180°C for 2 hours and finally naturally cooled at room temperature for 4 hours to obtain the finished cage. S4: The rolling element is a silicon nitride ceramic ball, which is first dry-polished in an ultra-precision polishing machine using 0.01μm diamond powder as the polishing medium. Polishing is carried out at a pressure of 0.2MPa and a rotation speed of 100rpm for 30 minutes, with the surface roughness controlled at 0.004μm. Surface modification is then completed in a vacuum plasma chamber, evacuated to 0.1Pa, and nitrogen is introduced. The reaction pressure is controlled at 200Pa, the radio frequency power is 300W, and the treatment temperature is 100°C. The process lasts for 20 minutes to complete the surface modification. S5: All components are screened and matched. The dimensional deviation of the inner and outer rings is less than ±2μm, the difference in rolling element diameter is no more than ±0.2μm, and the cage meets the molding accuracy requirements. During assembly, the contact angle is set to 25° and the preload is 50N. A special fixture is used to assemble the inner ring, cage, rolling element, and outer ring in sequence. After completion, fluorinated high-temperature grease is injected using a grease injection machine. The injection amount of grease is 15% of the free space of the bearing, and the bearing is allowed to idle for 5 revolutions to distribute the grease. S6: Finally, the assembled bearings are inspected as finished products. They are mounted on a high-precision spindle and measured at 20,000 rpm to achieve a radial runout of 1 μm and an axial runout of 2 μm. A laser measuring instrument is used to detect dimensional change rates ranging from –0.1% to +0.2%, with an absolute change within ±1.5 μm. A vibration test is performed at 15,000 rpm, with peak vibration acceleration values ​​ranging from 0.5 g to 0.8 g.

[0033] Example 2 S1: First, 57% high-purity bearing steel powder, 10% titanium microparticle reinforcement, 15% nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, 4% rare earth oxide, 6% graphite nanoparticles, 6% chromium powder, and 2% boride sintering aid were weighed by mass percentage, and anhydrous ethanol was added as a dispersion medium with a volume of 1.5 times the total volume of the mixed powder. The mixture was wet-mixed in a planetary ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 4:1 and a rotation speed of 300 rpm for 2 hours. The mixed slurry was then transferred to a vacuum drying oven with a drying temperature of 80°C and a vacuum degree of -0.1 MPa, and dried for 6 hours. The dried mixed powder was sent to a high-temperature centrifugal spray device for spheroidization treatment. The spray temperature was controlled at 1600°C and the rotating disk speed was controlled at 2.0×10 3 rpm to ensure that the dispersion medium is completely evaporated to obtain a mixed powder; S2: The dried mixed powder is placed into a special mold and formed using a cold isostatic pressing process at a pressing pressure of 220 MPa for 5 minutes to obtain an inner ring and outer ring prefabricated body with a density of not less than 60%. The prefabricated body is then sintered under a protective atmosphere at a sintering temperature of 1250°C, a heating rate of 10°C / min, and a holding time of 3.5 hours. After completion, the sintered body is subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment with the treatment parameters of voltage 550V, frequency 1000Hz, and treatment time 20 minutes. After treatment, the prefabricated body is rinsed with deionized water and dried under hot air conditions at 80°C for 60 minutes to obtain the inner ring and outer ring spare parts. S3: The cage material is a mixture of 85% polyetheretherketone, 12% fluorinated graphite, and the balance glass fiber reinforced filler. The mixture is blended and plasticized in a twin-screw extruder at a feed rate of 4 kg / h, a barrel temperature of 340°C, and a screw speed of 200 rpm. It is then extruded, cooled, and pelletized to a particle size of 4 mm. The cage blank is formed by injection molding at a mold temperature of 150°C, an injection temperature of 380°C, an injection pressure of 120 MPa, and a holding time of 10 seconds. The cage blank is then heat-set at 200°C for 4 hours and finally naturally cooled at room temperature for 4 hours to obtain the finished cage. S4: The rolling element is a silicon nitride ceramic ball, which is first dry-polished in an ultra-precision polishing machine using 0.05μm diamond powder as the polishing medium. Polishing is carried out at a pressure of 0.5MPa and a rotation speed of 300rpm for 60 minutes, with the surface roughness controlled at 0.005μm. Surface modification is then completed in a vacuum plasma chamber, evacuated to 0.5Pa, and nitrogen is introduced. The reaction pressure is controlled at 400Pa, the radio frequency power is 500W, and the treatment temperature is 200°C. S5: All components are screened and matched. The dimensional deviation of the inner and outer rings is less than ±2μm, the difference in rolling element diameter is no more than ±0.2μm, and the cage meets the molding accuracy requirements. During assembly, the contact angle is set to 30° and the preload is 120N. A special fixture is used to assemble the inner ring, cage, rolling element, and outer ring in sequence. After completion, a fluorinated high-temperature grease is injected using a grease injection machine. The injection amount of grease is 25% of the free space of the bearing, and the bearing is rotated idly for 8 revolutions to distribute the grease. S6: Finally, the assembled bearings are inspected as finished products. Mounted on a high-precision spindle, the radial runout is measured at 20,000 rpm to be 2.0 μm, and the axial runout is 2.5 μm. A laser measuring instrument is used to detect dimensional change, which ranges from –0.2% to +0.3%, with an absolute change within ±2 μm. A vibration test is performed at 15,000 rpm, with peak vibration acceleration between 0.5 g and 1.0 g.

[0034] Comparative Example 1 Step 1: Select GCr15 bearing steel raw material, heat it to about 1600℃ in an electric arc furnace, cast it into steel ingots, and then perform secondary forging at a forging temperature of 1150℃ to obtain the initially formed inner and outer ring blanks; Step 2: The forged inner and outer ring blanks are turned and ground, with the inner and outer diameters and groove dimensions controlled to an accuracy of approximately ±5μm, ultimately obtaining finished inner and outer rings with standard tolerance dimensions. The cage is usually formed from stamped steel plates. Step 3: Use chrome steel (GCr15) to prepare steel balls with a diameter tolerance of ±0.5μm. The steel balls are quenched (heated to 840°C, oil-cooled) and tempered (tempering temperature 180°C, time 2 hours). Step 4: Assemble the inner ring, outer ring, cage, and rolling elements after matching them to regular sizes. Set the contact angle to 15° and inject universal lithium-based grease. The filling amount should be controlled within 30% of the free space. After completion, run the grease for 5 laps for distribution.

[0035] Table 1 Comparison of performance parameters of finished angular contact ball bearings

[0036] As can be seen from Table 1, Example 1 is the most optimized in terms of material ratio, manufacturing process (spheroidization + centrifugal spraying + micro-arc oxidation), part precision control, lubrication method, and preload setting. The finished bearing performs best in rotational accuracy, dimensional stability, vibration performance, surface roughness, and high-temperature resistance, making it the best embodiment and suitable for high-load, high-speed, and high-reliability scenarios. Example 2 slightly compromises with Example 3 in some parameters. In particular, although Example 3 is more aggressive in preload and surface treatment, its runout value and vibration performance are inferior to Example 1. Overall performance is inferior, but still superior to the prior art. Comparative Example 1 uses traditional GCr15 material, machining, and conventional steel balls, without powder metallurgy, ceramic balls, or advanced surface modification technology. Its key performance is significantly inferior to the three embodiments of the present invention, and it is the worst performing conventional process product. Therefore, Example 1 is the best.

[0037] Table 2 Comparison of other performance parameters

[0038] It can be seen from Table 2 above that Example 1 is the best in all indicators, and its temperature resistance, fatigue resistance and stability retention time are all leading. Although the manufacturing cost and process complexity are relatively high, the cost performance is the best in the field of high-end bearings.

[0039] The present invention encompasses any alternatives, modifications, equivalents, and solutions that fall within the spirit and scope of the present invention. To provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, specific details are described in detail below in connection with the preferred embodiments of the present invention, but those skilled in the art will be able to fully understand the present invention without these detailed descriptions. Furthermore, to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the essence of the present invention, well-known methods, processes, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail.

[0040] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. Miniature deep groove ball bearing for fishing reel, characterized by: It includes an outer ring, an inner ring, a cage and rolling elements. The inner ring and the outer ring are sintered from a mixed powder with the following mass percentages: High-purity bearing steel powder: 57% to 76%; Titanium particle strengthener: 5% to 10%; Nickel-based self-lubricating alloy: 10% to 15%; Rare earth oxides: 2% to 4%; Graphite nanoparticles: 3% to 6%; Chromium powder: 3% to 6%, Boride sintering aid: 1% to 2%.

2. The miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 1, wherein: The retainer is made of polyetheretherketone, fluorinated graphite composite material and glass fiber reinforced filler, with the weight ratio being 80-85% of polyetheretherketone, 10-12% of fluorinated graphite and the rest being glass fiber reinforced filler.

3. The miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 1, wherein: The rolling body is a silicon nitride ceramic ball.

4. A method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel, for preparing the high rotation precision angular contact ball bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, mixing the raw materials of the inner and outer rings: high-purity bearing steel powder, titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium powder and boride sintering aid are mixed in proportion, then a dispersion medium is added for wet mixing, and after drying, spheroidization is performed to obtain spherical alloy powder with uniform surface; S2, forming and sintering the inner and outer rings: Spherical alloy powder is pressed to form the inner and outer ring blanks, which are then sintered at high temperature. After sintering, the surfaces of the inner and outer rings are subjected to micro-arc oxidation treatment to obtain the finished inner and outer rings for later use. S3, cage material blending and molding: polyetheretherketone resin, graphite fluoride and reinforcing filler are weighed and blended according to a certain proportion, and then a cage blank is manufactured by thermoplastic extrusion and injection molding. The cage blank is heat-set to obtain a finished cage for use; S4, rolling element treatment: polishing the surface of the rolling element and modifying its surface by gas plasma treatment to obtain a finished rolling element for standby use; S5, component assembly: Pair the inner ring, outer ring, cage and rolling elements, assemble them according to the preset contact angle and preload requirements, and fill them with grease during the assembly process; S6, finished product inspection and processing: The assembled angular contact ball bearings are inspected for rotation accuracy, dimensional stability and vibration parameters, and screened according to the set standards to obtain the target bearing products.

5. The method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 4, wherein: Said S1 specifically includes: S11, weighing ingredients: weighing and mixing high-purity bearing steel powder, titanium microparticle reinforcement, nickel-based self-lubricating alloy, rare earth oxide, graphite nanoparticles, chromium element powder and boride sintering aid according to mass percentage to form mixed powder A; S12, wet mixing treatment: adding anhydrous ethanol as a dispersion medium to the mixed powder A, wherein the volume of the dispersion medium is 1.2 to 1.5 times the total volume of the mixed powder A, and performing wet mixing using a planetary ball mill. The mixing time is controlled within 1 to 2 hours, the ball-to-material ratio is set to 4:1, and the rotation speed is controlled within 200 to 300 rpm; S13, drying treatment: transferring the wet mixed slurry to a vacuum drying oven, setting the drying temperature to 60-80°C, the vacuum degree to -0.08--0.1 MPa, and the drying time to 4-6 hours to ensure complete evaporation of the dispersion medium; S14, spheroidization treatment: the dried mixed powder is sent to a high-temperature centrifugal spray device for spheroidization treatment. The spray temperature is controlled at 1400-1600 ° C, and the rotating disk speed is controlled at 1.2×10 3 ~2.0×10 3 rpm, the cooling medium was argon, and the spherical alloy powder was collected.

6. The method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 4, wherein: The S2 specifically includes: S21, pressing and molding: the spherical alloy powder obtained in S1 is loaded into a special mold for the inner ring and outer ring, and is molded by cold isostatic pressing. The pressing pressure is controlled at 150-220 MPa, and the pressure holding time is 3-5 minutes, to form a prefabricated body of the inner ring and outer ring with a density of not less than 60%; S22, high temperature sintering: heating the preform body in a protective atmosphere for high temperature sintering, controlling the sintering temperature at 1150-1250°C, a heating rate of 5-10°C / min, and a holding time of 3-4 hours; S23, micro-arc oxidation treatment: the sintered inner ring and outer ring are placed in a micro-arc oxidation treatment device in sequence, and a pulsed DC power supply is used to apply voltage, with the voltage range controlled within 400-550V and the frequency set to 500-1000Hz, for a treatment time of 10-20 minutes; S24, take out for standby: After the micro-arc oxidation treatment, the inner ring and the outer ring are rinsed with deionized water and dried under hot air conditions at 60-80°C for 30-60 minutes. The dried inner ring and outer ring are the standby finished products.

7. The method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 4, wherein: The S3 specifically includes: S31, weighing and blending raw materials: adding polyetheretherketone resin, graphite fluoride, and glass fiber reinforced filler according to predetermined mass percentages into the hopper of a twin-screw extruder, setting the feed rate to 2-4 kg / h, controlling the barrel temperature to 310-340° C., and performing blending and plasticizing treatment, while controlling the screw speed to 100-200 rpm; S32, thermoplastic extrusion and pelletizing: the melt after blending and plasticization is extruded into strips through an extruder head and cooled, and then pelletized to form special pellets for the cage, with a particle size controlled at 2-4 mm; S33, injection molding a retainer blank: placing the prepared retainer pellets into an injection molding machine, setting the mold temperature to 120-150° C., the injection temperature to 350-380° C., the injection pressure to 80-120 MPa, and the holding time to 6-10 seconds, and injection molding to form the retainer blank; S34, heat setting treatment: placing the cage blank in a heat setting furnace for heat setting treatment, setting the setting temperature at 180-200°C and holding time for 2-4 hours; S35, finished product standby: take out the heat-set retainer, let it stand for 4 to 6 hours under natural cooling conditions, and wait for it to return to room temperature before use.

8. The method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 4, wherein: The S4 specifically includes: S41, rolling element surface polishing: placing the silicon nitride ceramic ball in an ultra-precision polishing device, using diamond micropowder with a particle size of 0.01 to 0.05 μm as the polishing medium, performing dry polishing at a polishing pressure of 0.2 to 0.5 MPa and a polishing disk speed of 100 to 300 rpm, with the polishing time controlled at 30 to 60 minutes, until the rolling element surface roughness reaches less than 0.005 μm; S42, rolling element plasma surface modification treatment: placing the polished rolling element in a vacuum plasma treatment chamber, evacuating the chamber to 0.1-0.5 Pa, introducing high-purity nitrogen as a reaction gas, stabilizing the nitrogen pressure in the reaction chamber at 200-400 Pa, applying a radio frequency power of 300-500 W for plasma treatment, the treatment time being 20-40 minutes, and the temperature being controlled at 100-200° C.; S43, rolling element finished product treatment: the rolling element after the plasma treatment is taken out and placed in an inert gas environment to naturally cool to room temperature for use.

9. The method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 4, wherein: The S5 specifically includes: S51, component size screening and matching: Dimensional measurements are performed on the sintered inner and outer rings, heat-set retainers, and surface-modified rolling elements. A three-dimensional coordinate measuring machine is used to measure the inner and outer rings with inner and outer diameters and raceway dimensions less than ±2μm. A group of rolling elements with a diameter difference of no more than ±0.2μm is selected and paired according to the principle of optimal size matching. S52, preset contact angle and preload setting: according to the target use requirements of the angular contact ball bearing, set the contact angle to 25°~35° and the preload value to 50~120N; S53, Assembly: In a dedicated assembly fixture, install the selected inner ring, cage, rolling elements and outer ring in sequence; S54, Grease filling: Use a grease injection machine to quantitatively inject fluorinated high-temperature grease into the internal cavity of the bearing. The grease filling amount is controlled to 15% to 25% of the free space inside the bearing. After grease injection, allow the bearing to idle for 5 to 10 turns.

10. The method for preparing a miniature deep groove ball bearing for a fishing reel according to claim 4, wherein: The S6 specifically includes: S61, Rotational Accuracy Test: Install the assembled angular contact ball bearing on a high-precision spindle testing device. Set the test speed to 20,000 rpm and measure the spindle radial runout and axial runout. The rotational accuracy acceptance criteria are: radial runout between 0.5 and 2.0 μm, and axial runout between 0.8 and 2.5 μm. S62, Dimensional Stability Test: A high-precision laser measuring instrument is used to measure the inner diameter, outer diameter, and groove width of the bearing. The measurement accuracy is not less than ±1μm. The dimensional change rate acceptance standard is: the change rate of each measured part relative to the initial dimension before assembly is controlled within the range of -0.3% to +0.3%, and the absolute dimensional change is controlled between -2μm and +2μm. S63, vibration parameter testing: The bearing is mounted on a vibration test bench and subjected to a vibration test at 15,000 rpm. The vibration amplitude is recorded using an accelerometer. The vibration amplitude acceptance standard is: the peak value of the vibration acceleration within the test frequency band is between 0.2 and 1.0 g; S64, screening and determination: Screen out angular contact ball bearings that meet the requirements of rotation accuracy, dimensional stability and vibration parameter range as target bearing products.

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