Power tool turret

Abstract

The invention discloses a power tool turret, which belongs to the technical field of numerical control machine tools, and is characterized in that the power tool turret comprises a base, a tool changing mechanism, a cutterhead, a driving mechanism I, a driving mechanism II and a pre-tightening assembly, the base is provided with a mounting sleeve, the tool changing mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the mounting sleeve, and the cutterhead is connected to the tool changing mechanism; the first driving mechanism comprises a first motor, a transmission shaft and a synchronous belt. The output end of the first motor is connected with the transmission shaft through the synchronous belt. The second driving mechanism comprises a second motor, a motor base and a driving wheel, the driving wheel is rotationally arranged in the motor base, the output end of the second motor is connected with the driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with the tool changing mechanism and can drive the tool changing mechanism to rotate; a hydraulic mechanism for driving the pre-tightening assembly to abut against or be away from the synchronous belt is arranged on the motor base and connected with the output end of a second motor, and the second motor is used for driving the tool changing mechanism or the pre-tightening assembly to work at a time. The synchronous belt is only tensioned during working, the service life is prolonged, and the working precision of the cutter head can be maintained for a long time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of numerically controlled machine tools, and in particular relates to a power turret. Background Art

[0002] The tool turret is a key component of CNC machine tools (such as CNC lathes and milling centers). It is used to mount multiple tools and enable automatic tool changing. It rotates or moves to select different tools, reducing manual tool change time, improving production efficiency, and enabling multi-step machining of complex workpieces. For example, the Chinese patent publication number CN110142425A discloses a CNC tool turret, which includes a base body, a cutter disc arranged at the front end of the base body, and a rotating shaft arranged on the cutter disc. A mounting cavity is provided in the base body, and a fixed gear ring is fixed at the end of the cutter disc close to the base body. A clamping gear ring engaged with the fixed gear ring is also slid in the mounting cavity, and a first oil chamber and a first oil guide hole are provided at the end of the clamping gear ring close to the fixed gear ring; a second oil chamber and a second oil guide hole are also provided at the end of the clamping gear ring away from the fixed gear ring; a positioning gear ring engaged with the clamping gear ring is also fixed at the end of the base body close to the cutter disc, and when the clamping gear ring is away from the cutter disc, the clamping gear ring is completely disengaged from the fixed gear ring, and the clamping gear ring is not completely disengaged from the positioning gear ring; a driving member is also provided on the base body. The turret is equipped with a fixed gear ring, a positioning gear ring and a clamping gear ring. The movement of the clamping gear ring changes the movement mode of the cutter disc and the rotating shaft, thereby reducing the wear caused by the axial movement of the rotating shaft and improving the stability and precision of the cutter disc.

[0003] The aforementioned tool turret uses a motor as a driving element to rotate the rotating shaft, which in turn drives the tool in the cutterhead, thereby machining the workpiece. This type of tool turret uses the rotating shaft as the power transmission component, and the bevel gear at the end of the rotating shaft is difficult and expensive to manufacture. Currently, the industry largely relies on imported spiral bevel gears, which increases the production cost of the tool turret.

[0004] Chinese patent publication number CN215966375U discloses a minimalist dual-motor servo tool turret, comprising a spindle housing, a first motor, a second motor, a drive wheel, a drive shaft, a belt, a first motor, and a cutterhead. The second motor is mounted on the spindle housing, the drive wheel is mounted on the power output of the second motor, the drive shaft is mounted within the cutterhead and rotatably connected to the cutterhead, and the belt is wound around the drive wheel and the drive shaft. The second motor is used to drive the drive wheel, the spindle, and the tool mounted on the spindle to rotate, thereby ensuring normal tool operation. The cutterhead includes several circumferentially arranged spindles, a bearing sleeve is rotatably connected to the spindle housing, and the cutterhead is coaxially connected to the bearing sleeve. The first motor is mounted on the outside of the spindle, a first bevel gear is mounted on the power output of the first motor, a drive rod is rotatably connected to the spindle housing, a second bevel gear is mounted on the drive rod, and the first and second bevel gears are meshed with each other. The end of the drive rod is provided with first external transmission teeth, and the outer side of the bearing sleeve is provided with second external transmission teeth that mesh with the first external transmission teeth. The first motor is used to drive the cutterhead.

[0005] This type of turret's second motor drives the drive shaft via a belt, which in turn drives the tool. While this solution reduces production costs, the belt, when kept tensioned for an extended period, is prone to fatigue and loosening, reducing its transmission efficiency and shortening its service life. Furthermore, the cutterhead must be moved back and forth to change tools, and the drive shaft and pulleys tension and reset the belt, further reducing its service life and making it difficult to maintain its transmission efficiency over the long term. Furthermore, the belt is located inside the spindle box, requiring the cutterhead to be disassembled for belt replacement. After the new belt is installed, the cutterhead must be recalibrated, making belt maintenance and replacement inconvenient. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to address the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art and to propose a power turret. The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: how to maintain the transmission efficiency of the synchronous belt.

[0007] The above technical objectives of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A power turret comprises a base, a tool changing mechanism, a tool disc, a first drive mechanism, a second drive mechanism, and a pre-tightening assembly, wherein the base has an assembly cavity and an accommodating cavity that are connected to each other, a positioning plate covering the assembly cavity is provided in the accommodating cavity, a mounting sleeve is provided on the positioning plate, and the front end of the mounting sleeve is located in the assembly cavity, the tool changing mechanism is provided outside the mounting sleeve, and the tool disc is connected to the tool changing mechanism; The driving mechanism 1 includes a motor 1, a transmission shaft, and a synchronous belt. The motor 1 is arranged on the base. The transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting sleeve. The synchronous belt connects the output end of the motor 1 to the transmission shaft. The second driving mechanism includes a second motor, a motor base, and a driving wheel. The second motor is arranged on the motor base, the motor base is arranged on the positioning plate, the driving wheel is rotatably arranged in the motor base, the output end of the second motor is connected to the driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected to the tool changing mechanism and can drive the tool changing mechanism to rotate; The pre-tightening assembly is slidably arranged in the accommodating cavity, and a hydraulic mechanism for driving the pre-tightening assembly to press against and away from the synchronous belt is provided on the motor seat. The hydraulic mechanism is connected to the output end of the second motor, and the second motor is used to drive the tool changing mechanism or the pre-tightening assembly to work once.

[0008] In the above-mentioned power turret, an adjustment seat for installing the motor 1 is provided on the base, the output end of the motor 1 passes through the adjustment seat and is connected to the synchronous belt, a number of waist-shaped holes are arranged at intervals on the adjustment seat, each of the waist-shaped holes is provided with a fastening bolt fixed to the base, and the several adjustment seats adjust the distance from the output end of the motor 1 to the transmission shaft through the waist-shaped holes, thereby adjusting the tightness of the synchronous belt.

[0009] In the above-mentioned power turret, a ratchet wheel 1 is rotatably provided inside the driving wheel, the driving wheel is connected to the output end of the motor 2 through the ratchet wheel 1, and a pawl 1 is provided on the driving wheel to cooperate with the ratchet wheel 1.

[0010] In the above-mentioned power turret, the pre-tightening assembly includes a support, an idler wheel, and a guide bolt. A slider is provided at the bottom of the support, and the slider slides in cooperation with the slide groove provided in the accommodating cavity. The idler wheel is rotatably provided on the support and can press against and disengage from the synchronous belt. The guide bolt passes through the support and is connected to the base. The head of the guide bolt can limit the support.

[0011] In the above-mentioned power turret, a bracket is provided on at least one of the guide bolts, a sensor for detecting the position of the support is provided on the bracket, and a pressure cap is threadedly connected to the head of the guide bolt, and the pressure cap limits the boss at the lower end of the bracket.

[0012] and a gear engaged with the gear trainer and the gear trainer, and a gear engaged with the gear trainer and the gear trainer, and a gear trainer connected with the gear trainer by a toothed connection, wherein the toothed connection is engaged with the gear trainer and the gear trainer.

[0013] In the above-mentioned power turret, a positioning groove is provided in the rotating wheel, a positioning ring is provided in the positioning groove, the second ratchet is located in the positioning ring, the second pawl is fixed in the positioning ring, the second pawl can be elastically deformed, and the inner wall of the positioning ring has a clearance groove for the deformation of the second pawl.

[0014] In the above-mentioned power tool turret, the track groove is an annular cam shape, and the track groove has an ejection end close to the cylinder body and a recovery end away from the cylinder body; when the sleeve is located at the ejection end, the oil in the oil channel is pushed into the slide groove by the piston, and when the sleeve is located at the recovery end, the oil in the slide groove is sucked into the oil channel by the piston; a positioning screw is provided at the bottom of the track groove close to the ejection end, a pre-tightening spring and a ball are provided in the positioning screw, and a limiting surface is provided at the opening of the positioning screw, and the pre-tightening force applied by the pre-tightening spring to the ball presses the ball against the limiting surface, and when the sleeve is close to the positioning screw, the ball is stuck in the sleeve and limits the sleeve.

[0015] In the above-mentioned power tool turret, the tool changing mechanism includes an intermediate gear, a tool changing spindle, a fixed gear ring, a movable gear ring, and a locking gear ring. The intermediate gear is rotatably arranged in the base and meshes with the driving wheel. The tool changing spindle is rotatably arranged outside the mounting sleeve, and one end of the tool changing spindle has a tool changing gear meshed with the intermediate gear. The other end of the tool changing spindle is connected to the movable gear ring. The cutter disc is bolted to the movable gear ring. The fixed gear ring is detachably fixed to the base. The fixed gear ring and the movable gear ring are coaxially arranged; the locking The gear ring is slidingly arranged on the outside of the tool changing spindle, and a supply flow channel for driving the locking gear ring to slide is provided on the base, and the end of the supply flow channel is located between the locking gear ring and the fixed gear ring, and a support ring is provided outside the tool changing spindle; the locking gear ring is located between the support ring and the fixed gear ring, and a reset spring is provided between the locking gear ring and the support ring, and the reset spring applies a pre-tightening force to the locking gear ring in the direction of the fixed gear ring, so that the locking gear ring is engaged with the fixed gear ring and the movable gear ring, thereby limiting the movable gear ring.

[0016] In the above-mentioned power turret, the front end diameter of the mounting sleeve is smaller than the rear end diameter, the cutter disc is provided with a through hole, a mounting cover is provided in the through hole, the inner side of the mounting cover is provided with a mounting groove for inserting the front end of the mounting sleeve, a ball bearing is provided between the mounting sleeve and the cutter disc, the ball bearing and the mounting sleeve are in contact through a shaft sleeve, and the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the mounting sleeve.

[0017] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects compared to the prior art: Motor 1 drives the transmission shaft through a synchronous belt, which in turn drives the tool on the cutter disc to rotate. At the same time, Motor 2 drives the preload assembly to slide through a hydraulic mechanism, causing the preload assembly to press against the synchronous belt. This means the synchronous belt remains tensioned during transmission, ensuring its transmission efficiency. When the cutter disc needs to rotate or change tools, Motor 1 stops, and Motor 2 drives the preload assembly away from the synchronous belt and resets it through a hydraulic mechanism. Motor 2 then drives the tool change mechanism and the cutter disc to rotate synchronously through the active wheel, achieving tool change and resetting of the synchronous belt. Furthermore, when the power turret stops, Motor 2 also drives the preload assembly away from the synchronous belt, preventing the synchronous belt from remaining tensioned when it stops. This prevents the synchronous belt from being in a tensioned state for extended periods, thus increasing its service life.

[0018] When replacing the synchronous belt, remove the motor, preload assembly, and mounting cover. The size of the front end of the mounting sleeve is smaller than the size of the rear end of the mounting sleeve, and the mounting sleeve and the synchronous belt can be taken out of the assembly cavity as a whole. After replacing the synchronous belt, re-install the mounting sleeve into the assembly cavity from the direction of the accommodating cavity. When changing the tool or replacing the synchronous belt, the cutter disc does not need to be moved or disassembled, and there is no need to recalibrate the cutter disc, thereby maintaining the working accuracy of the cutter disc.

[0019] After the pre-tightening assembly tightens the synchronous belt, the ball can limit the sleeve to avoid abnormal displacement of the piston, thereby maintaining the tension of the pre-tightening assembly on the synchronous belt. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the external structure of the embodiment; Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a base in an embodiment; Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a pre-tightening assembly in an embodiment; Figure 4 is another external structural schematic diagram of the embodiment; Figure 5 for Figure 4 One of the cross-sectional diagrams; Figure 6 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving mechanism 1 in an embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tool changing mechanism, the tool disc and the mounting sleeve in the embodiment; Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the explosion of the fixed gear ring, the movable gear ring, and the locking gear ring in the embodiment; Figure 9 for Figure 4 The second cross-sectional diagram; Figure 10 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a hydraulic mechanism in an embodiment; Figure 11 for Figure 10 A magnified view of part A; Figure 12 It is a partial cross-sectional schematic diagram of an embodiment; Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the explosion of ratchet 1 and ratchet 2 in the embodiment; Figure 14 for Figure 13 Another side view of the diagram; Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between ratchet 1 and pawl 1 in the embodiment; Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the second ratchet and the second pawl in the embodiment.

[0021] Reference numerals: 100, base; 110, assembly cavity; 120, accommodating cavity; 121, positioning plate; 122, slide groove; 130, protective cover; 131, heat dissipation vent; 140, mounting sleeve; 141, ball bearing; 142, bushing; 150, oil passage; 151, oil filling port; 152, oil drain port; 160, supply flow channel; 200, tool changing mechanism; 210, intermediate gear; 220, tool changing spindle; 221, tool changing gear; 222, support ring; 230, fixed gear ring; 240, movable gear ring; 250, locking gear ring; 260, return spring; 300, cutter head; 310, through hole; 320, mounting cover; 321, mounting slot; 400, driving mechanism 1; 410, motor 1; 411, adjustment seat; 412, waist-shaped hole; 420, transmission shaft; 430, synchronous belt; 500, driving mechanism 2; 510, motor 2; 511, rubber rod; 5111, plane bearing 1; 5112, plane bearing 2; 520, motor base; 521, guide hole; 530, driving wheel; 531, ratchet 1; 532, ratchet 1; 600, preload assembly; 610, support; 611, slider; 620, idler; 630, guide bolt; 640, bracket; 641, sensor; 642, boss; 650, pressure cap; 700, hydraulic mechanism; 710, cylinder; 720, piston; 721, sleeve; 730, connecting pipe; 740, rotating wheel; 741, track groove; 7411, ejection end; 7412, recovery end; 742, second ratchet; 743, positioning groove; 744, positioning ring; 7441, second ratchet; 7442, clearance groove; 750, resistance ring; 800, positioning screw; 810, limiting surface; 820, preload spring; 830, ball bearing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings to further describe the technical solutions of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0023] A powered turret, such as Figures 1-16As shown, it includes a base 100, a tool changing mechanism 200, a cutter disc 300, a driving mechanism 1 400, a driving mechanism 2 500, and a pre-tightening assembly 600. The base 100 has an assembly cavity 110 and an accommodating cavity 120 that are connected to each other. A protective cover 130 covering the accommodating cavity 120 is provided on the outside of the base 100. A heat dissipation vent 131 is formed between the side wall of the base 100 and the protective cover 130. A positioning plate 121 covering the assembly cavity 110 is provided in the accommodating cavity 120. A mounting sleeve 140 is connected to the positioning plate 121 by bolts, and the front end of the mounting sleeve 140 is located in the assembly cavity 110. The tool changing mechanism 200 is provided on the outside of the mounting sleeve 140, and the cutter disc 300 is connected to the tool changing mechanism 200. The driving mechanism 1 400 includes a motor 1 410 , a transmission shaft 420 , and a timing belt 430 . The motor 1 410 is mounted on the base 100 . The transmission shaft 420 is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting sleeve 140 . The timing belt 430 connects the output end of the motor 1 410 to the transmission shaft 420 . The transmission shaft 420 is used to be inserted into the inner end of the tool on the cutter head 300 , so that the motor 1 410 drives the transmission shaft 420 and the tool to rotate. The second drive mechanism 500 includes a second motor 510, a motor base 520, and a driving wheel 530. The second motor 510 is mounted on the motor base 520, which is mounted on the positioning plate 121. The driving wheel 530 is rotatably mounted within the motor base 520. The output end of the second motor 510 is connected to the driving wheel 530, which is connected to the tool changing mechanism 200 and can drive the tool changing mechanism 200 to rotate. The pre-tightening assembly 600 is slidably arranged in the accommodating cavity 120, and a hydraulic mechanism 700 is provided on the motor seat 520 to drive the pre-tightening assembly 600 to press against and away from the synchronous belt 430. The hydraulic mechanism 700 is connected to the output end of the motor 2 510, and the motor 2 510 is used to drive the tool changing mechanism 200 or the pre-tightening assembly 600 to work at a single time; specifically, the pre-tightening assembly 600 tightens the synchronous belt 430 when the synchronous belt 430 is working, and when the synchronous belt 430 stops working and the tool disc 300 needs to change the tool, the pre-tightening assembly 600 is away from the synchronous belt 430, and then the motor 2 510 drives the tool changing mechanism 200 and the tool disc 300 to rotate.

[0024] like Figure 1 、 Figure 4-Figure 6As shown, an adjustment base 411 is provided on the base 100. The adjustment base 411 is used to mount the motor 1 410. The output end of the motor 1 410 passes through the adjustment base 411 and is connected to the synchronous belt 430. The adjustment base 411 is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped holes 412 at intervals. The waist-shaped holes 412 are countersunk holes. A fastening bolt is provided in each waist-shaped hole 412. The inner end of the fastening bolt is removably fixed to the base 100, thereby fixing the adjustment base 411 to the base 100. By loosening the fastening bolt, the adjustment base 411 can be pushed to slide along the length direction of the waist-shaped hole 412, thereby changing the distance between the output end of the motor 1 410 and the transmission shaft 420. Without removing the mounting sleeve 140 and the synchronous belt 430, the tightness of the synchronous belt 430 can be adjusted.

[0025] like Figures 10-16 As shown, a ratchet 1 531 is rotatably provided inside the driving wheel 530, and the driving wheel 530 is connected to the output end of the second motor 510 via the ratchet 1 531. A pawl 1 532 is rotatably provided on the driving wheel 530 and engages with the ratchet 1 531. When the output end of the second motor 510 rotates in the forward direction, the pawl 1 532 is elastic and can engage the ratchet teeth on the outside of the ratchet 1 531, so that the ratchet 1 531, the pawl 1 532, and the driving wheel 530 can rotate synchronously with the output end of the second motor 510. When the output end of the second motor 510 rotates in the reverse direction, the ratchet teeth on the outside of the ratchet 1 531 push the pawl 1 532 away, and the output end of the second motor 510 can only drive the ratchet 1 531 to rotate idly, while the driving wheel 530 does not move.

[0026] like Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown, the pre-tightening assembly 600 includes a support 610, an idler wheel 620, and a guide bolt 630. A slider 611 is provided at the bottom of the support 610. The slider 611 slides with the slide groove 122 provided in the accommodating cavity 120. The idler wheel 620 is rotatably provided on the support 610. The guide bolt 630 passes through the support 610 and is connected to the base 100. The guide bolt 630 and the slider 611 cooperate to guide the sliding direction of the support 610. The head of the guide bolt 630 can limit the support 610. An oil passage 150 is provided on the base 100, and the oil passage 150 extends to the bottom of the slide groove 122, and the two ends of the oil passage 150 are respectively connected to the slide groove 122 and the hydraulic mechanism 700. The oil passage 150 has an oil filling port 151 and an oil drain port 152. The oil filling port 151 is located at the heat dissipation port 131, and the oil drain port 152 is close to the lower end of the base 100. The oil filling port 151 and the oil drain port 152 are both sealed by a plug; the hydraulic mechanism 700 drives the support 610 and the idler wheel 620 to slide as a whole through oil, so that the support 610 can rise and fall in the slide groove 122, so that the idler wheel 620 can press against and disengage from the synchronous belt 430.

[0027] Furthermore, a bracket 640 is mounted on the head of at least one guide bolt 630. A sensor 641 for detecting the position of the support 610 is mounted on the bracket 640. A pressure cap 650 is threadedly connected to the head of the guide bolt 630. The pressure cap 650 limits the position of a boss 642 at the lower end of the bracket 640. Rotating the guide bolt 630 changes the height of the bracket 640 and the sensor 641. Furthermore, by directly using the head of the guide bolt 630 as the mounting location for the bracket 640, the bracket 640 is easier to manufacture, assemble, and debug the sensor 641. In this embodiment, the sensor 641 is a position sensor or a distance sensor. As the support 610 is raised or lowered, the distance between the support 610 and the sensor 641 changes, thereby determining whether the support 610 is rising or falling, and thereby determining the tension of the timing belt 430.

[0028] like Figure 4 、 Figures 9-16 As shown, specifically, the hydraulic mechanism 700 includes a cylinder body 710, a piston 720, a connecting pipe 730, and a runner 740. The cylinder body 710 is arranged on the motor base 520. The motor base 520 is formed by the cooperation of two separate pipes. A guide hole 521 communicating with the interior of the cylinder body 710 is opened on the motor base 520. The piston 720 is slidably arranged in the guide hole 521. The piston 720 is used to control the flow of oil in the cylinder body 710; the connecting pipe 730 connects the cylinder body 710 with the oil channel 150 opened on the base 100, and the oil channel 150 extends to the bottom of the slide groove 122; the runner 740 is rotatably arranged in the motor base 520, and the center of the runner 740 The core area is penetrated by the output end of motor 2 510, and the rotating wheel 740 is in contact with the inner wall of the motor base 520 through the resistance ring 750. A track groove 741 is provided on the end face of the rotating wheel 740, and a rotatable sleeve 721 is provided at the outer end of the piston 720. The sleeve 721 slides in the track groove 741. When the rotating wheel 740 rotates, the groove wall of the track groove 741 can drive the piston 720 to slide; a ratchet 2 742 is provided for rotation in the rotating wheel 740, and the ratchet 2 742 is connected to the output end of motor 2 510, and the ratchet teeth of the ratchet 2 742 and the ratchet 1 531 are in opposite directions. A pawl 2 7441 adapted to the ratchet 2 742 is also provided in the rotating wheel 740.

[0029] In this embodiment, the resistance ring 750 is made of rubber and its main function is to increase the rotational resistance of the rotating wheel 740, preventing the rotating wheel 740 from being driven by the second ratchet 742 to rotate at any time, thereby preventing abnormal displacement of the piston 720. A positioning groove 743 is provided in the rotating wheel 740, and a positioning ring 744 is provided in the positioning groove 743. The second ratchet 742 is located in the positioning ring 744. The second pawl 7441 is fixed to the positioning ring 744 or the rotating wheel 740. The second pawl 7441 is elastically deformable. The inner wall of the positioning ring 744 has a clearance groove 7442. When the second ratchet 742 pushes the second pawl 7441 outward, the clearance groove 7442 allows the second pawl 7441 to deform.

[0030] A rubber rod 511 is provided at the output end of motor 2 510. The rubber rod 511 is located between ratchet 1 531 and ratchet 2 742, and the rubber rod 511 has elastic deformation properties. A plane bearing 1 5111 is provided between the rubber rod 511 and ratchet 1 531, and a plane bearing 2 5112 is provided between the rubber rod 511 and the positioning ring 744; that is, the ratchet 1 531 is limited by the plane bearing 1 5111, and the positioning ring 744 and the ratchet 2 742 are limited by the plane bearing 2 5112, ensuring that the ratchet 1 531 and the ratchet 2 742 can rotate synchronously with the output end of motor 2 510 and the rubber rod 511, and no abnormal displacement will occur.

[0031] Among them, the track groove 741 is an annular cam shape, and the track groove 741 has a push-out end 7411 close to the cylinder body 710 and a recovery end 7412 away from the cylinder body 710; when the sleeve 721 is located at the push-out end 7411, the oil in the oil channel 150 is pushed into the slide groove 122 by the piston 720, so that the oil drives the support 610 to move upward; when the sleeve 721 is located at the recovery end 7412, the oil in the slide groove 122 is sucked into the oil channel 150 by the piston 720, so that the support 610 moves downward; the track groove 741 is provided with a plurality of grooves, each of which ... A hollow positioning screw 800 is provided at the bottom of the groove near the pushing end 7411 in 41, and a pre-tightening spring 820 and a ball 830 are provided in the positioning screw 800. A limiting surface 810 is provided at the opening of the positioning screw 800. The pre-tightening force applied by the pre-tightening spring 820 to the ball 830 presses the ball 830 against the limiting surface 810. When the sleeve 721 approaches the positioning screw 800, the ball 830 is stuck in the sleeve 721 and limits the sleeve 721, further preventing abnormal sliding of the piston 720.

[0032] like Figure 2 、 Figure 5-Figure 9As shown, the tool changing mechanism 200 includes an intermediate gear 210, a tool changing spindle 220, a fixed gear ring 230, a movable gear ring 240, and a locking gear ring 250. The intermediate gear 210 is rotatably arranged in the base 100 and meshes with the driving wheel 530. The tool changing spindle 220 is rotatably arranged outside the mounting sleeve 140, and one end of the tool changing spindle 220 has a tool changing gear 221 meshing with the intermediate gear 210. The other end of the tool changing spindle 220 is connected to the movable gear ring 240. The cutter disc 300 is bolted to the movable gear ring 240. The fixed gear ring 230 is detachably fixed to the base 100. The fixed gear ring 230 and the movable gear ring 240 are coaxially arranged; the locking gear ring 250 is slidably arranged on the outside of the tool changing spindle 220, and a drive lock is provided on the base 100. The stop gear ring 250 slides in the supply channel 160, and the end of the supply channel 160 is located between the locking gear ring 250 and the fixed gear ring 230. A support ring 222 in contact with the assembly cavity 110 is provided outside the tool changing spindle 220; the locking gear ring 250 is located between the support ring 222 and the fixed gear ring 230, and a reset spring 260 is provided between the locking gear ring 250 and the support ring 222. The reset spring 260 applies a pre-tightening force to the locking gear ring 250 pointing in the direction of the fixed gear ring 230, so that the locking gear ring 250 is engaged with the fixed gear ring 230 and the movable gear ring 240, thereby limiting the movable gear ring 240. At this time, the fixed gear ring 230, the locking gear ring 250 and the movable gear ring 240 are in a locked state to ensure that the cutter disc 300 does not rotate.

[0033] When oil is supplied to the supply channel 160, the oil enters the accommodating chamber 120 and drives the locking gear ring 250 away from the fixed gear ring 230 and the movable gear ring 240. The return spring 260 is compressed by the locking gear ring 250 and the support ring 222, thereby releasing the locking gear ring 250 from limiting the movable gear ring 240. The motor 2 510 can then drive the driving wheel 530, the intermediate gear 210, the tool changing spindle 220, the movable gear ring 240, and the cutter disc 300 to rotate as a whole. The oil in the accommodating chamber 120 is discharged through the supply channel 160, and the return spring 260 pushes the locking gear ring 250 back toward the fixed gear ring 230, causing it to engage with both the fixed gear ring 230 and the movable gear ring 240. The fixed gear ring 230, which remains stationary, can then positionally limit the movable gear ring 240 through the locking gear ring 230, thereby limiting the position of the cutter disc 300. At this point, the cutter disc 300, the tool change spindle 220, and the intermediate gear 210 cannot rotate. Simultaneously, the driving wheel 530 is also restrained by the tool change gear 221 and the intermediate gear 210. In other words, when the tool change mechanism 200 is locked, the driving wheel 530 is also restrained, and the motor 2 510 cannot drive the driving wheel 530 to rotate. In some embodiments, the tool change mechanism 200 can also directly adopt the tool change structure disclosed in Patent Publication No. CN215237911U (Patent Title: A Cam Turret for a Horizontal Lathe).

[0034] like Figure 5-Figure 7As shown, mounting sleeve 140 is fixed to positioning plate 121 via bolts. The front diameter of mounting sleeve 140 is smaller than the rear diameter. Cutting disc 300 has a through hole 310, within which is located a mounting cover 320. Mounting cover 320 has a mounting groove 321 on its inner side for receiving the front end of mounting sleeve 140. A ball bearing 141 is disposed between mounting sleeve 140 and cutting disc 300. Ball bearing 141 and mounting sleeve 140 are in contact via a shaft sleeve 142. The outer diameter of shaft sleeve 142 is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of mounting sleeve 140, allowing mounting sleeve 140 to be withdrawn from assembly cavity 110 during disassembly. Furthermore, the length of drive shaft 420 is smaller than the inner diameter of shaft sleeve 14.

[0035] The working principle of the present invention is as follows: The output end of motor 1 410 drives the transmission shaft 420 to rotate through the synchronous belt 430, and the transmission shaft 420 drives the tool on the cutter disc 300 to rotate, so that the tool can process the workpiece. When motor 1 410 is working, motor 2 510 can only drive the hydraulic mechanism 700 and cannot drive the tool changing mechanism 200; when the synchronous belt 430 is working, the output end of motor 2 510 drives the support 610 to slide through the hydraulic mechanism 700, so that the idler wheel 620 is pressed against the outside of the synchronous belt 430, and the support 610 and the idler wheel 620 are maintained in this position, thereby tensioning the synchronous belt 430 to ensure the transmission efficiency of the synchronous belt 430; when the synchronous belt 430 stops working, the output end of motor 2 510 still drives the support 610 to move down and reset through the hydraulic mechanism 700, and the synchronous belt 430 is released from the tensioned state.

[0036] When the cutter disc 300 needs to change the tool, the motor 1 410 stops working, and the output end of the motor 2 510 first drives the support 610 to move downward through the hydraulic mechanism 700 to release the tension of the synchronous belt 430, and then the supply channel 160 supplies hydraulic oil to the accommodating chamber 120, so that the locking gear ring 250 releases the limit on the movable gear ring 240, and the output end of the motor 2 510 drives the driving wheel 530 to rotate, and the ratchet 2 742 idles. The intermediate gear 210 can then drive the tool changing spindle 220, the movable gear ring 240, and the cutter disc 300 to rotate synchronously, thereby realizing the tool change of the cutter disc 300.

[0037] Among them, since the ratchet teeth on the ratchet wheel 531 and the ratchet wheel 742 face opposite directions, only one of the ratchet wheels 531 and 742 works at a time, and the other rotates idly; for example, Figure 15As shown, the output end of motor 2 510 rotates forward, causing ratchet 1 531 to rotate counterclockwise, and pawl 1 532 can clamp the ratchet teeth outside ratchet 1 531, so that ratchet 1 531, pawl 1 532 and driving wheel 530 can rotate synchronously with the output end of motor 2 510 as a whole, that is, motor 2 510 drives the tool changing mechanism 200 to rotate, and the ratchet teeth outside ratchet 2 742 will push pawl 2 7441 away, and the output end of motor 2 510 only drives ratchet 2 742 to idle, and the rotating wheel 740 does not move. On the contrary, when the output end of motor 2 510 rotates in the opposite direction, the ratchet teeth outside ratchet 1 531 push pawl 1 532 away, and ratchet 1 531 idles along with the output end of motor 2 510, the driving wheel 530 does not move, and pawl 2 7441 clamps the ratchet teeth outside ratchet 2 742. At this time, the output end of motor 2 510 can drive ratchet 2 742, pawl 2 7441, and rotating wheel 740 to rotate as a whole, so that the groove wall of the track groove 741 pushes the piston 720 to slide, that is, motor 2 510 drives the support 610 to slide through the hydraulic mechanism 700, until the idler wheel 620 presses against the synchronous belt 430, and the support 610 stops moving toward the synchronous belt 430.

[0038] In addition, when the power turret stops, motor 2 510 drives the pre-tensioning assembly 600 away from the synchronous belt 430 and resets it, so that the synchronous belt 430 will not remain in a tensioned state when it stops working, thereby avoiding the synchronous belt 430 being in a tensioned state for a long time and improving the service life of the synchronous belt 430.

[0039] When replacing the synchronous belt 430, the oil in the oil channel 150 is discharged through the oil drain port 152, and then the motor 410, the pre-tightening assembly 600, and the mounting cover 320 are disassembled. Since the size of the front end of the mounting sleeve 140 is smaller than the size of the rear end of the mounting sleeve 140, the mounting sleeve 140 and the synchronous belt 430 can be taken out of the assembly cavity 110 as a whole. After the synchronous belt 430 is replaced, the mounting sleeve 140 is re-installed into the assembly cavity 110 from the direction of the accommodating cavity 120, and then the position of the motor 410 is adjusted through the waist-shaped hole 412 to assist in adjusting the tension of the synchronous belt 430; when the cutter disc 300 is changed or the synchronous belt 430 is replaced, the cutter disc 300 does not need to be moved or disassembled, and there is no need to recalibrate the cutter disc 300, thereby maintaining the working accuracy of the cutter disc 300.

[0040] After the pre-tensioning assembly 600 tightens the synchronous belt 430, the ball 830 is stuck in the end of the sleeve 721 and limits the sleeve 721, and the resistance ring 750 increases the rotational resistance of the wheel 740, thereby avoiding abnormal displacement of the piston 720, and thus maintaining the tension of the pre-tensioning assembly 600 on the synchronous belt 430.

[0041] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the present invention; those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or replace them in a similar manner, but they will not deviate from the spirit of the present invention or exceed the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power turret, characterized by: The invention comprises a base (100), a tool changing mechanism (200), a tool disc (300), a driving mechanism 1 (400), a driving mechanism 2 (500), and a pre-tightening assembly (600); the base (100) has an assembly cavity (110) and an accommodating cavity (120) which are connected to each other; a positioning plate (121) covering the assembly cavity (110) is provided in the accommodating cavity (120); a mounting sleeve (140) is provided on the positioning plate (121), and the front end of the mounting sleeve (140) is located in the assembly cavity (110); the tool changing mechanism (200) is provided outside the mounting sleeve (140); and the tool disc (300) is connected to the tool changing mechanism (200); The driving mechanism (400) comprises a motor (410), a transmission shaft (420), and a synchronous belt (430); the motor (410) is arranged on the base (100); the transmission shaft (420) is rotatably connected to the front end of the mounting sleeve (140); and the synchronous belt (430) connects the output end of the motor (410) to the transmission shaft (420); The second driving mechanism (500) comprises a second motor (510), a motor base (520), and a driving wheel (530), wherein the second motor (510) is arranged on the motor base (520), the motor base (520) is arranged on the positioning plate (121), the driving wheel (530) is rotatably arranged in the motor base (520), the output end of the second motor (510) is connected to the driving wheel (530), and the driving wheel (530) is connected to the tool changing mechanism (200) and can drive the tool changing mechanism (200) to rotate; The pre-tightening assembly (600) is slidably arranged in the accommodating cavity (120); a hydraulic mechanism (700) is provided on the motor seat (520) for driving the pre-tightening assembly (600) to press against or away from the synchronous belt (430); the hydraulic mechanism (700) is connected to the output end of the second motor (510); and the second motor (510) is used to drive the tool changing mechanism (200) or the pre-tightening assembly (600) to work once.

2. The power turret according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (100) is provided with an adjustment seat (411) for mounting the motor (410), the output end of the motor (410) passes through the adjustment seat (411) and is connected to the synchronous belt (430), the adjustment seat (411) is provided with a plurality of waist-shaped holes (412) at intervals, each of the waist-shaped holes (412) is provided with a fastening bolt fixed to the base (100), and the plurality of adjustment seats (411) adjust the distance between the output end of the motor (410) and the transmission shaft (420) through the waist-shaped holes (412), thereby adjusting the tightness of the synchronous belt (430).

3. The power turret according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ratchet wheel (531) is rotatably provided inside the driving wheel (530), the driving wheel (530) is connected to the output end of the motor (510) via the ratchet wheel (531), and a ratchet pawl (532) is provided on the driving wheel (530) to cooperate with the ratchet wheel (531).

4. The power turret according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pre-tightening assembly (600) includes a support (610), an idler wheel (620), and a guide bolt (630). A slider (611) is provided at the bottom of the support (610). The slider (611) slides with a slide groove (122) provided in the accommodating cavity (120). The idler wheel (620) is rotatably provided on the support (610) and can press against and detach from the synchronous belt (430). The guide bolt (630) passes through the support (610) and is connected to the base (100). The head of the guide bolt (630) can limit the support (610).

5. The power turret according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least one of the guide bolts (630) is provided with a bracket (640), and the bracket (640) is provided with a sensor (641) for detecting the position of the support (610). The head of the guide bolt (630) is threadedly connected to a pressure cap (650), and the pressure cap (650) limits the boss (642) at the lower end of the bracket (640).

6. The power turret according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hydraulic mechanism (700) includes a cylinder (710), a piston (720), a connecting pipe (730), and a rotating wheel (740). The cylinder (710) is arranged on the motor base (520). The motor base (520) is provided with a guide hole (521) connected to the interior of the cylinder (710). The piston (720) is slidably arranged in the guide hole (521). The piston (720) is used to control the flow of oil in the cylinder (710); the connecting pipe (730) connects the cylinder (710) with the oil passage (150) opened on the base (100), and the oil passage (150) extends to the bottom of the slide groove (122). The oil passage (150) has an oil filling port (151), an oil drain port (152), and a pump. The rotating wheel (740) is rotatably arranged in the motor seat (520), and a track groove (741) is provided on the end surface of the rotating wheel (740). The outer end of the piston (720) is provided with a rotatable sleeve (721), and the sleeve (721) slides in the track groove (741). When the rotating wheel (740) rotates, the piston (720) is driven to slide. A second ratchet (742) is rotatably arranged in the rotating wheel (740), and the second ratchet (742) is connected to the output end of the second motor (510). The ratchet teeth of the second ratchet (742) and the first ratchet (531) face opposite directions. The rotating wheel (740) is also provided with a second ratchet pawl (7441) that cooperates with the second ratchet (742).

7. The power turret according to claim 6, characterized in that: A positioning groove (743) is provided in the rotating wheel (740), a positioning ring (744) is provided in the positioning groove (743), the second ratchet wheel (742) is located in the positioning ring (744), the second pawl (7441) is fixed in the positioning ring (744), the second pawl (7441) can be elastically deformed, and the inner wall of the positioning ring (744) has a clearance groove (7442) for the second pawl (7441) to deform.

8. The power turret according to claim 6, characterized in that: The track groove (741) is an annular cam shape, and the track groove (741) has an ejection end (7411) close to the cylinder body (710) and a recovery end (7412) away from the cylinder body (710); when the sleeve (721) is located at the ejection end (7411), the oil in the oil passage (150) is pushed into the slide groove (122) by the piston (720); when the sleeve (721) is located at the recovery end (7412), the oil in the slide groove (122) is sucked into the oil passage (150) by the piston (720); 1) A positioning screw (800) is provided at the bottom of the groove near the pushing end (7411), a preload spring (820) and a ball (830) are provided in the positioning screw (800), a limiting surface (810) is provided at the opening of the positioning screw (800), the preload spring (820) applies a preload force to the ball (830) to press the ball (830) against the limiting surface (810), and when the sleeve (721) approaches the positioning screw (800), the ball (830) is stuck in the sleeve (721) and limits the sleeve (721).

9. The power turret according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The tool changing mechanism (200) comprises an intermediate gear (210), a tool changing spindle (220), a fixed gear ring (230), a movable gear ring (240), and a locking gear ring (250). The intermediate gear (210) is rotatably arranged in the base (100) and meshed with the driving wheel (530). The tool changing spindle (220) is rotatably arranged outside the mounting sleeve (140). One end of the tool changing spindle (220) has a tool changing gear (221) meshed with the intermediate gear (210). The other end of the tool changing spindle (220) is connected to the movable gear ring (240). The cutter disc (300) is bolted to the movable gear ring (240). The fixed gear ring (230) is detachably fixed to the base (100). The fixed gear ring (230) and the movable gear ring (240) are coaxially arranged. The locking gear ring (250) is slidably mounted on the base (100). The movable toothed ring (250) is arranged on the outside of the tool changing spindle (220), and a supply channel (160) for driving the locking toothed ring (250) to slide is arranged on the base (100), and the end of the supply channel (160) is located between the locking toothed ring (250) and the fixed toothed ring (230), and a support ring (222) is arranged outside the tool changing spindle (220); the locking toothed ring (250) is located between the support ring (222) and the fixed toothed ring (230), and a return spring (260) is arranged between the locking toothed ring (250) and the support ring (222), and the return spring (260) applies a pre-tightening force to the locking toothed ring (250) in the direction of the fixed toothed ring (230), so that the locking toothed ring (250) is engaged with the fixed toothed ring (230) and the movable toothed ring (240), thereby limiting the movable toothed ring (240).

10. The power turret according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The front end diameter of the mounting sleeve (140) is smaller than the rear end diameter; the cutter disc (300) is provided with a through hole (310); a mounting cover (320) is provided in the through hole (310); the inner side of the mounting cover (320) is provided with a mounting groove (321) for the front end of the mounting sleeve (140) to be inserted; a ball bearing (141) is provided between the mounting sleeve (140) and the cutter disc (300); the ball bearing (141) and the mounting sleeve (140) are in contact through a shaft sleeve (142); and the outer diameter of the shaft sleeve (142) is smaller than the outer diameter of the front end of the mounting sleeve (140).

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