Deck stacking and shelving method and deck shelving portal

Abstract

The invention discloses a deck stacking and shelving method and a deck shelving gantry. The deck stacking and shelving method comprises the steps that when decks are stacked before being corrected, the first surface of the lowermost layer of deck is downwards placed on a placement beam, and the first surface of the upper layer of deck is placed on a reinforcing structure of the lower layer of deck; when the decks are stacked after being corrected, the second surface of the lowermost layer of deck is placed on the placing beam downwards, a plurality of flower stands are arranged between every two layers of decks, the lower ends of the flower stands abut against the first surface of the lower layer of deck, the upper ends of the flower stands abut against the second surface of the upper layer of deck, and the flower stands are used for supporting the upper layer of deck. The deck stacking and shelving method uses the deck shelving portal frame. Different stacking modes are adopted for decks before leveling and after leveling respectively. Before flattening, the deck is pressed by means of gravity through reverse installation. And after correction, the deck is positively installed, and the correction effect is fixed and locked, so that the risk of deformation caused by the gravity effect is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shipbuilding, and in particular to a deck stacking and shelving method and a deck shelving gantry. Background Art

[0002] In the construction of PCTCs (Peripheral Carriers), movable and lightweight decks are often constructed using thin plate structures approximately 6mm thick due to their functional requirements. Although these thin plate segments undergo pyrotechnic arching during fabrication to enhance rigidity and prevent deformation during lifting and storage, the stacking method during temporary storage in the segment yard is crucial to maintaining a stable arch.

[0003] Conventional stacking methods often involve direct stacking, relying on simple timber supports at the bottom edges or corners of the segments. To maximize site utilization or for haphazard management, this often results in excessive stacking, uneven distribution of timber supports, or inadequate alignment with the underlying structure. Due to the limited stiffness of 6mm thin plates, improper stacking, especially when the weight of high-rise segments rests on the suspended mid-deck area, can easily lead to the collapse of carefully designed camber, and even irreversible plastic deformation or local buckling, posing a serious safety risk of structural instability.

[0004] This type of deformation caused by improper stacking poses significant risks: first, the pre-set arching effect fails, and the segments lose their ability to resist subsequent hoisting deformation; second, the deformed segments require significant additional man-hours for secondary or even multiple pyrotechnic straightening, severely slowing construction progress and increasing costs; third, deformation can lead to segment precision errors, affecting subsequent loading and equipment installation; and most seriously, complete arch collapse or structural instability can cause the segments to collapse unexpectedly during hoisting or when personnel approach, threatening on-site safety. Therefore, optimizing the stacking and laying method of thin-deck segments is a key step in ensuring the efficient and safe construction of PCTC vessels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defect of deck deformation during the stacking and shelving process in the prior art, and to provide a deck stacking and shelving method and a deck shelving gantry.

[0006] The present invention solves the above technical problems through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for stacking and placing decks, wherein the deck includes a plate-like body, the plate-like body having a first surface and a second surface facing each other, the first surface being a continuous plane structure, and the second surface being fixedly provided with a plurality of reinforcing structures. When stacking the decks before correction, a plurality of door frames are placed in parallel and at intervals, the door frames including a placement beam at the top, and a plurality of decks are stacked on the placement beam with the reinforcing structure aligned up and down, the first surface of the bottom deck is placed on the placement beam with the first surface facing downward, and the first surface of the upper deck is placed on the reinforcing structure of the lower deck; when stacking the decks after correction, a plurality of decks are stacked on the placement beam with the reinforcing structure aligned up and down, and the second surface of the bottom deck is placed on the placement beam with the second surface facing downward, and a plurality of flower racks are provided between every two decks, the lower end of the flower rack abuts against the first surface of the lower deck, and the upper end of the flower rack abuts against the second surface of the upper deck, and the flower rack is used to support the upper deck.

[0008] In this solution, the deck stacking and placement method utilizes different stacking methods before and after leveling. Before leveling, residual welding stress often causes deck warping. Installing the deck in an inverted position, using gravity to suppress the deck, helps prevent deformation. After leveling, installing the deck upright and securing it locks in the corrected effect, reducing the risk of gravity-induced deformation during hoisting from the inverted position to the upright position. Furthermore, after leveling, supporting racks are installed between the decks to reduce the span of the unoccupied area within the deck, thereby minimizing the risk of gravity-induced deformation.

[0009] Preferably, a plurality of the flower stands are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of gravity of the deck; and / or, at least four of the flower stands are arranged between every two layers of the deck, and the four flower stands are respectively arranged at the four corners of the deck, and at least two of the flower stands at opposite corners are welded and fixed to the lower deck.

[0010] In this solution, symmetrical placement of the planters relative to the deck's center of gravity improves the stability of the stacked decks, reduces the possibility of deck collapse, and enhances stacking safety. Furthermore, placing planters at the four corners ensures that each corner of the deck is supported, preventing the possibility of tilting or excessively large empty areas.

[0011] Preferably, the upper end of the flower stand abuts against the reinforcing structure of the upper deck.

[0012] In this solution, the planter's contact with the reinforcement structure transfers the supporting force first to the reinforcement structure and then to the second surface of the deck. Due to the longer reinforcement structure, the contact area with the second surface is larger, further reducing deformation of the upper deck under gravity. If the planter directly contacted the second surface of the deck, the supporting force would be transferred directly to the second surface, resulting in a smaller contact area between the planter and the second surface, which could easily cause deformation of the deck under gravity.

[0013] Preferably, at least two limiting blocks are provided at the upper end of the flower stand, a limiting groove is formed between the two limiting blocks, and the reinforcing structure of the upper deck is placed in the limiting groove.

[0014] In this solution, by setting limit blocks, the upper deck can be prevented from moving left and right, further improving the stability of the deck stacking.

[0015] Preferably, in the limiting groove, a wooden pad is provided between the reinforcing structure and the bottom wall of the limiting groove; and / or, when the deck is stacked after correction, a wooden pad is provided between the placing beam and the reinforcing structure of the bottommost deck.

[0016] In this solution, the levelness of each deck can be further ensured by setting up pads, and the pads can provide a buffer for placing the decks and reduce wear.

[0017] Preferably, when the decks are stacked after correction, a plate-shaped cama is vertically provided on the placement beam, the side of the cama is welded to the reinforcement structure, and the bottom of the cama is welded to the placement beam.

[0018] In this solution, Kama can further improve the stability of the deck placement.

[0019] Preferably, when the decks are stacked after being corrected, guardrails are provided on the four sides of each layer of the decks.

[0020] In this solution, setting up guardrails can provide safety protection for workers when working on the deck.

[0021] The present invention also provides a deck shelving gantry, which is used in the deck stacking shelving method as described above.

[0022] Preferably, the deck shelving gantry includes a placement beam and a support leg for supporting the placement beam, and the length of the placement beam of the deck shelving gantry is greater than the distance between the two farthest distanced reinforcement structures of the deck.

[0023] In this solution, it is ensured that the reinforcement structure of each deck can be placed on the placement beam, that is, each reinforcement structure can be supported, thereby reducing the empty area of ​​the deck and further reducing the deformation caused by gravity.

[0024] Preferably, the cross-sectional area of ​​the legs of the deck shelving gantry gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0025] In this solution, the legs with gradually increasing cross-sectional areas can reduce the risk of the deck shelving gantry shaking and further improve the stability of the deck shelving.

[0026] The positive progress effect of the present invention is:

[0027] The deck stacking and shelving method and deck shelving gantry of the present invention utilize different stacking methods for the decks before and after leveling. Before leveling, residual welding stress often causes deck warping. Installing the deck in an inverted position, using gravity to suppress the deck, helps prevent deformation. After leveling, installing and securing the deck in an upright position locks in the corrected effect, reducing the risk of gravity-induced deformation during hoisting from the inverted position to the upright position. Furthermore, after leveling, supporting racks are installed between the decks to reduce the span of the unoccupied area within the deck, thereby reducing the risk of deformation due to gravity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention is a flowchart of a deck stacking and placing method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the decks of an embodiment of the present invention when stacked before correction.

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of stacking movable decks after deck correction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of stacking fixed decks after deck correction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Magnified view of area A in center.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a top view of the stacked movable decks after deck correction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a top view of the fixed deck stacking after the deck is corrected according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the connection between the kama and the deck according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9This is a schematic structural diagram of a deck shelving gantry according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of a flower stand according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the guardrail according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Description of reference numerals:

[0040] Deck 1;

[0041] Strengthen structure 2;

[0042] Mast 3;

[0043] Flower stand 4;

[0044] Limit block 5;

[0045] Limiting slot 6;

[0046] Pad 7;

[0047] Kama 8;

[0048] Climbing scaffold 9;

[0049] Place beam 10;

[0050] Support leg 11;

[0051] guardrail 12;

[0052] Extension 13; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] A preferred embodiment is given below and the present invention is described more clearly and completely in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 11 As shown, this embodiment provides a deck stacking and placement method. For ease of description, up, down, left, and right are defined based on the gravity direction and horizontal direction of the deck 1. The deck 1 comprises a plate-like body having a first surface and a second surface facing each other. The first surface is a continuous planar structure, i.e., the deck 1 plane. The second surface is fixedly provided with a plurality of reinforcing structures 2, i.e., T-beams. This deck stacking and placement method can be applied to both lightweight decks and movable decks.

[0055] like Figure 2As shown, when stacking the decks 1 before correction, several gantries 3 are placed in parallel and at intervals. The number of gantries 3 can be adjusted according to the actual length of the deck 1, and this is not limited in this embodiment. The gantries 3 include a top placement beam 10, and the decks 1 are stacked on the placement beam 10 in a manner that the reinforcement structure 2 is aligned up and down. The first surface of the bottom first deck 1 faces downward, that is, it is placed on the placement beam 10 with the plane facing downward and the reinforcement structure 2 facing upward. The first surface of the second deck 1 is placed on the reinforcement structure 2 of the first deck 1. And so on. Preferably, no more than six decks 1 are stacked.

[0056] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, Figure 3 Middle deck 1 is a movable deck. Figure 4 The middle deck 1 is a light deck, i.e. a fixed deck. Figure 3 middle Figure 3 (a) and Figure 3 (b) is the view in two directions, Figure 4 middle Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 (b) is a view from two directions. When stacking the decks 1 after correction, the decks 1 are stacked on the placement beams 10 with the reinforcement structures 2 aligned vertically. The second surface of the bottom deck 1 faces downward, that is, the reinforcement structure 2 is stacked on the placement beams 10 with the downward plane facing upward. Multiple supporting flower stands 4 are provided between every two decks 1. The lower ends of the flower stands 4 abut against the first surface of the lower deck 1, and the upper ends of the flower stands 4 abut against the second surface of the upper deck 1. That is, the second surface of the bottom deck 1 faces downward, the reinforcement structure 2 abuts against the placement beams 10, the lower ends of the flower stands 4 abut against the first surface of the first deck 1, and the upper ends of the flower stands 4 abut against the reinforcement structure 2 of the second deck 1. Similarly, preferably, no more than three decks 1 are stacked.

[0057] The contact of the planter 4 with the reinforcement structure 2 first transfers the supporting force to the reinforcement structure 2 and then to the second surface of the deck 1. Due to the longer length of the reinforcement structure 2 and the larger contact area with the second surface, deformation of the upper deck 1 under gravity can be further reduced. If the planter 4 were to directly contact the second surface of the deck 1, the supporting force would be directly transferred to the second surface, resulting in a smaller contact area between the planter 4 and the second surface, which could easily cause deformation of the deck 1 under gravity.

[0058] Thus, this deck stacking and placement method utilizes different stacking methods for decks 1 before and after leveling. Before leveling, residual welding stress often causes warping in decks 1. Installing the decks in an inverted position, using gravity to suppress the warping, helps prevent deformation. After leveling, installing and securing the decks 1 upright locks in the corrective effect, reducing the risk of gravity-induced deformation during hoisting from the inverted position to the upright position. Furthermore, after leveling, supporting planters 4 are installed between decks 1 to reduce the span of the unoccupied area within the decks 1, thereby reducing the risk of deformation due to gravity.

[0059] In this embodiment, the foundation of the storage area should be stable, and the decks 1 should be stacked from bottom to top in descending length order. The reinforcement structures 2 of each deck 1 should be of equal height. The horizontality of the support beams 10 of the gantry 3 should be controlled within ±5 mm.

[0060] Specifically, if Figure 10 As shown, the flower stand 4 is a rectangular parallelepiped frame composed of multiple steel bars, and a cross beam is set on each frame surface of the rectangular parallelepiped frame for reinforcement. The size of the flower stand 4 is 1000mm×1000mm×1200mm. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art can adjust it according to actual conditions. Figure 7 As shown, when stacking light decks, nine flower racks 4 are set on each layer, and the nine flower racks 4 are arranged equidistantly between the upper and lower decks 1 in a nine-square format. Figure 6 As shown, when the movable decks are stacked, four flower racks 4 are provided on each layer, and the four flower racks 4 are provided at the four corners of the deck 1. In other embodiments, those skilled in the art may make adjustments according to actual conditions, and this embodiment is not limited thereto, but it is necessary to ensure that each corner of the deck 1 can be supported.

[0061] Furthermore, the plurality of flower stands 4 are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of gravity of the deck 1. The symmetrical arrangement of the flower stands 4 relative to the center of gravity of the deck 1 can improve the stability of the stacked decks 1, reduce the possibility of the deck 1 collapsing, and improve the safety of stacking.

[0062] Furthermore, at least two flower stands 4 at opposite corners between every two decks 1 are welded and fixed to the lower deck 1 .

[0063] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, the upper end of the flower stand 4 is provided with two stoppers 5. The number of stoppers 5 is not limited in this embodiment. A stopper slot 6 is formed between the two stoppers 5, into which the reinforcement structure 2 of the upper deck 1 is placed. The stoppers 5 prevent the upper deck 1 from moving sideways, further improving the stability of the stacked decks 1. The lower end of the flower stand 4 is fixed to the lower deck 1 by bolts.

[0064] Furthermore, if Figure 5As shown, in the limiting groove 6, a wooden board 7 is provided between the reinforcing structure 2 and the bottom wall of the limiting groove 6, and the thickness of the wooden board 7 is 10 mm.

[0065] Specifically, if Figure 8 As shown, when the decks 1 are stacked after being corrected, a 10mm thick spacer 7 is placed between the placement beam 10 and the reinforcement structure 2 of the first deck 1. The spacer 7 further ensures the levelness of each deck 1 and provides a cushion for the placement of the decks 1, reducing wear.

[0066] Specifically, when the deck 1 is stacked after being corrected, Figure 8 As shown, a plate-shaped cama 8 is vertically mounted on the placement beam 10. The sides of the cama 8 are welded to the reinforcement structure, and the bottom of the cama 8 is welded to the placement beam 10. Preferably, the cama 8 is perpendicular to both the placement beam 10 and the reinforcement structure 2. The cama 8 can further improve the stability of the deck 1 during placement.

[0067] In this embodiment, the Cama 8 is arranged on the reinforcement structure 2 closest to the outer side of the deck 1 .

[0068] Specifically, if Figure 11 As shown, when the decks 1 are stacked after being corrected, guardrails 12 are set on the four sides of each deck 1.

[0069] In this way, the provision of the guardrail 12 can provide safety protection for workers when working on the deck 1 .

[0070] Specifically, when hoisting and moving the stacked movable decks, a bolted lifting ring is required. The bolted lifting ring includes a lifting ring and a nut. The lifting ring is connected to the uppermost deck 1, and the nut is screwed in and locked from below.

[0071] Specifically, if Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a climbing scaffold 9 is required between each deck 1, and the upper end of the scaffold exceeds the uppermost deck 1 by not less than 1.2m. The lowermost deck 1 cannot be provided with a climbing scaffold 9 and requires a climbing ladder.

[0072] This embodiment also provides a deck 1 for shelving a gantry 3 , and the deck 1 for shelving a gantry 3 is used in the above deck stacking and shelving method.

[0073] Specifically, if Figure 9 As shown, the deck 1 gantry 3 includes a placement beam 10 and a support leg 11 for supporting the placement beam 10 . The length of the placement beam 10 of the deck 1 gantry 3 is greater than the distance between the two farthest reinforcement structures 2 of the deck 1 .

[0074] In this way, it is ensured that the reinforcement structure 2 of each deck 1 can be placed on the placement beam 10, that is, each reinforcement structure 2 can be supported, thereby reducing the empty area of ​​the deck 1 and further reducing the deformation caused by gravity.

[0075] In this embodiment, when the deck 1 is short of the length of the gantry 3 and the beam 10, Figure 9 As shown, an extension section 13 may be used, and the extension section 13 is erected on the extension section 13 and the support foot 11 using an inclined beam to provide support.

[0076] Specifically, the cross-sectional area of ​​the supporting legs 11 of the deck 1 supporting the gantry 3 gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0077] In this way, the supporting feet 11 with gradually increasing cross-sectional areas can reduce the risk of the deck 1 being placed on the gantry 3 and shake, thereby further improving the stability of the deck 1 when placed on the gantry 3 .

[0078] Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art will appreciate that these are merely illustrative and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, and such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A deck stacking and laying method, wherein the deck comprises a plate-shaped body having a first surface and a second surface facing each other, the first surface being a continuous plane structure, and the second surface being fixedly provided with a plurality of reinforcing structures, characterized in that: The deck stacking and laying method comprises: When stacking the decks before correction, a plurality of door frames are placed in parallel and spaced apart, the door frames including a top placement beam, and a plurality of decks are stacked on the placement beam with the reinforcement structure aligned up and down, the first surface of the bottom deck is placed on the placement beam facing downward, and the first surface of the upper deck is placed on the reinforcement structure of the lower deck; When stacking the decks after correction, several decks are stacked on the placement beams with the reinforcement structure aligned up and down, and the second surface of the bottom deck is placed on the placement beams facing downwards. A plurality of flower stands are arranged between every two decks, and the lower ends of the flower stands abut against the first surface of the lower deck, and the upper ends of the flower stands abut against the second surface of the upper deck. The flower stands are used to support the upper deck.

2. The deck stacking and laying method according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of flower stands are symmetrically arranged relative to the center of gravity of the deck; And / or, at least four flower racks are arranged between every two layers of the decks, and the four flower racks are respectively arranged at the four corners of the decks, and at least two of the flower racks at opposite corners are welded and fixed to the lower deck.

3. The deck stacking and laying method according to claim 1, wherein: The upper end of the flower rack abuts against the reinforcing structure of the upper deck.

4. The deck stacking and laying method according to claim 3, wherein: At least two limiting blocks are provided at the upper end of the flower stand, and a limiting groove is formed between the two limiting blocks, and the reinforcing structure of the upper deck is placed in the limiting groove.

5. The deck stacking and laying method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In the limiting groove, a wooden board is provided between the reinforcing structure and the bottom wall of the limiting groove; And / or, when stacking the decks after correction, wooden planks are arranged between the placement beams and the reinforcement structure of the lowest deck.

6. The deck stacking and laying method according to claim 1, wherein: When the deck is stacked after correction, a plate-shaped cama is vertically provided on the placement beam, the side of the cama is welded to the reinforcement structure, and the bottom of the cama is welded to the placement beam.

7. The deck stacking and laying method according to claim 1, wherein: When the decks are stacked after being corrected, guardrails are provided on the four sides of each layer of the decks.

8. A deck shelving gantry, characterized in that: The deck stacking and shelving method as described in any one of claims 1 to 7 uses the deck shelving gantry.

9. The deck-mounted gantry according to claim 8, wherein: The gantry includes a placement beam and a support leg for supporting the placement beam, and the length of the placement beam of the deck shelving gantry is greater than the distance between the two reinforcement structures of the deck that are farthest apart.

10. The deck-mounted gantry according to claim 9, wherein: The cross-sectional area of ​​the legs of the deck shelving gantry gradually increases from top to bottom.

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