Steam turbine foundation bolt mounting process

Abstract

The invention provides a steam turbine foundation bolt mounting process. An auxiliary mounting tool comprises a guide device, a mounting frame and a cross beam. The guide device comprises universal wheels, a supporting seat and a bearing beam; the process comprises the steps that S1, a bottom plate is loaded, specifically, the foundation bolt bottom plate is hoisted to a bearing beam through a crane; s2, counterweight balancing; S3, hoisting to a hole: hoisting an auxiliary mounting tool by a crane through a lifting lug, and horizontally lowering the auxiliary mounting tool to an inlet of the mounting hole; s4, accurate positioning and mounting are conducted, specifically, a guide device is pushed, and an auxiliary mounting tool slides into the bottom of the steam turbine unit through a hole inlet by means of universal wheels; universal wheels are operated to adjust the position of a foundation bolt bottom plate, so that the embedded foundation bolt is accurately inserted into a foundation bolt bottom plate limiting hole; the foundation bolt bottom plate is fixed by foundation bolt nuts; and S5, the tool is disassembled and recycled. On the basis of the auxiliary installation tool, installation of the steam turbine foundation bolt is achieved, the installation period of the foundation bolt is shortened, and the installation efficiency of the foundation bolt is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of steam turbine assembly auxiliary devices, and in particular relates to a steam turbine anchor bolt installation process. Background Art

[0002] Currently, thermal power generation is the main form of power generation in my country, and steam turbines are the core of modern thermal power plants. The installation accuracy and stability of steam turbines are directly related to the safe operation and lifespan of the power plant. Modern steam turbines are developing towards larger size and higher power, which places higher demands on the foundation construction and installation of steam turbines. As the key component connecting the steam turbine body to the foundation, the installation quality of anchor bolts is of paramount importance. Traditional direct-buried anchor bolts are a major construction method in steam turbine foundation construction. The anchor bolts can only be buried after the installation and fixation of the steel skeleton is completed. During the burial process, the distance between the steel skeleton and the anchor bolts must be controlled, and the position of the anchor bolts must be measured to ensure the accuracy of the installation position. The accuracy and stability of the anchor bolts are critical to the stability of the entire steam turbine structure. Even the slightest deviation may cause the equipment to vibrate or even fail. Therefore, anchor bolt base plates are required to assist in the installation and positioning of the anchor bolts. The installation of traditional direct-buried anchor bolts, especially the installation of their positioning base plates (usually a single piece weighs more than 100kg), has long faced severe challenges:

[0003] 1. Space limitation: The installation location is deep at the bottom of the foundation. The space is extremely narrow and low, and large lifting equipment (such as a crane) cannot be directly lifted into place.

[0004] 2. High risk of manual handling: The base plate is heavy and difficult to carry manually, which can easily cause safety accidents such as muscle strain, extrusion, and falling from height.

[0005] 3. Poor positioning accuracy: Manual positioning using the human eye and simple tools in a confined space is difficult to guarantee, and can easily result in deviations exceeding the industry standard of ±1mm. This slight deviation can be amplified at high turbine speeds, leading to serious consequences such as equipment vibration, shaft misalignment, and even foundation cracking.

[0006] 4. Low efficiency and high cost: The manual handling, positioning, and adjustment processes are cumbersome and time-consuming. The installation period of the anchor bolts for a single unit can be as long as 20 days, becoming a bottleneck on the critical path of the project, and the labor cost is high.

[0007] Therefore, how to safely and accurately transport the anchor bolt base plate to the bottom of the steam turbine and ensure the accuracy of the anchor bolt installation is a major technological challenge currently faced. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In response to the above technical problems, the present invention creatively proposes a new turbine anchor bolt installation process, which is based on modular, adjustable, and high-precision guided auxiliary installation tools to realize the installation of turbine anchor bolts. During the installation process, the anchor bolt base plate is safely and accurately transported to the bottom of the turbine for installation, shortening the installation cycle of the anchor bolts, improving the installation efficiency of the anchor bolts, reducing the amount of manual handling work, improving the safety of construction workers, and reducing labor costs.

[0009] Note that the inclusion of these objectives does not preclude the existence of other objectives. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily achieve all of the above objectives. Objectives other than the above objectives may be extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, and claims.

[0010] The present invention achieves the above technical objectives through the following technical means.

[0011] A steam turbine anchor bolt installation process includes an auxiliary installation tool, wherein the auxiliary installation tool includes a guide device, an installation frame and a crossbeam;

[0012] The guide device includes a universal wheel, a support seat and a load-bearing beam; the mounting frame includes a positioning slot;

[0013] The load-bearing beam is a concave steel plate, the bottom of the concave steel plate is connected to one end of the support seat, and the other end of the support seat is connected to the universal wheel; limit slots are respectively provided on the side edges of the steel plates on opposite sides of the concave steel plate, one side of the concave steel plate is an opening, and positioning slots are respectively provided above the opening side and the side opposite to the opening side, and the positioning slots are connected to the concave steel plate by positioning bolts; the positioning slots are L-shaped steel plates; one end of the crossbeam is connected to the side opposite to the opening side of the load-bearing beam, and a plurality of lifting ears are sequentially provided on the upper surface of the crossbeam; a balancing lifting ear is provided on the lower surface of the other end of the crossbeam;

[0014] The installation process includes the following steps:

[0015] Step S1, base plate loading: Use a crane to hoist the anchor bolt base plate onto the load-bearing beam. The positioning slot and the limit slot form a "positioning clamping mechanism". The L-shaped steel plate of the positioning slot ensures that the anchor bolt base plate is restricted in the set position and direction;

[0016] Step S2, counterweight balancing: according to the actual weight of the anchor bolt base plate, a matching counterweight is installed on the balancing lug;

[0017] Step S3: Hoisting to the hole entrance: The crane lifts the auxiliary installation tool through the lifting lugs and lowers it horizontally to the entrance of the installation hole;

[0018] Step S4, precise positioning and installation, includes the following steps:

[0019] Step S4.1 Horizontal transportation: Push the guide device and use the universal wheel to slide the auxiliary installation tool into the bottom of the steam turbine unit through the hole entrance;

[0020] Step S4.2 Fine-tune the positioning: Use the universal wheel to adjust the position of the anchor bolt base plate so that the embedded anchor bolts are accurately inserted into the limiting holes of the anchor bolt base plate;

[0021] Step S4.3: Fasten the connection: Use the anchor bolts and nuts to secure the anchor bolt base plate;

[0022] Step S5: Tool disassembly and recycling:

[0023] Step S5.1: Remove the positioning slots and positioning bolts on the opening side of the concave steel plate;

[0024] Step S5.2: Laterally extract the guide device through the crossbeam;

[0025] Step S5.3: Recover the tool and proceed to the next cycle.

[0026] In the above solution, the mounting frame is an adjustable frame, and a plurality of first through holes are arranged transversely on one side of the L-shaped steel plate, and a plurality of second through holes are arranged transversely on the other side.

[0027] Furthermore, in the step S1 of loading the base plate, appropriate first and second through holes are selected on the L-shaped steel plate according to the size of the anchor bolt base plate, and the anchor bolt base plate is limited by bolts.

[0028] In the above solution, the spacing between the two opposite sides of the concave steel plate is smaller than the width of the anchor bolt base plate.

[0029] In the above solution, the load-bearing beam includes a double layer of concave steel plates, and the double layer of concave steel plates are arranged in an overlapping manner.

[0030] In the above solution, the upper surface of the beam is provided with a first lifting lug, a second lifting lug and a third lifting lug in sequence.

[0031] In the above scheme, the installation error of the anchor bolt base plate using this installation process is within ±0.5mm.

[0032] The above solution also includes the following pre-installation preparation steps:

[0033] Foundation acceptance: Check the installation quality of the steam turbine foundation steel frame and the position of the pre-buried anchor bolt holes to ensure they meet the design requirements; clean up debris around the installation holes and ensure that the transportation channel is unobstructed;

[0034] Auxiliary tool assembly and debugging: According to the size of the anchor bolt base plate to be installed, adjust the positioning slot, select the first through hole and the second through hole on the L-shaped steel plate, and use bolts to limit the anchor bolt base plate;

[0035] Check the welding firmness of beams, lifting lugs and balancing lifting lugs;

[0036] After the above preparations are completed, start the installation of the anchor bolts.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. The present invention realizes the installation of turbine anchor bolts based on auxiliary installation tools. During the installation process, the anchor bolt base plate is safely and accurately transported to the bottom of the turbine, shortening the installation period of the anchor bolts, improving the installation efficiency of the anchor bolts, and reducing the risks of musculoskeletal injuries, squeezing, and falling caused by workers carrying overweight base plates, thereby improving the safety of construction workers and reducing labor costs.

[0039] 2. The process of the present invention allows the anchor bolt base plate to be directly hoisted in front of the installation hole using a crane. The anchor bolt base plate is then pushed horizontally through the guide device. The operator can then easily push the entire device through the installation hole and slide it horizontally deep into the bottom of the foundation. This completely eliminates the high-risk operation mode of manually moving heavy objects in a narrow space, while shortening the installation cycle and greatly improving installation efficiency. It also reduces the risks of falling from height and mechanical injuries.

[0040] 3. The positioning slot and the limiting slot of the present invention form a "positioning clamping mechanism". The L-shaped steel plate of the positioning slot ensures that the anchor bolt base plate is strictly limited to the set position and direction, reducing the risks of falling from height, mechanical injury, etc.

[0041] 4. The guide device of the auxiliary installation tool of the present invention can accurately adjust the position of the auxiliary installation tool after the anchor bolt base plate is installed through the universal wheel, which is conducive to the precise alignment of the limit holes on the anchor bolt base plate with the pre-embedded anchor bolts, and strictly controls the installation error of the anchor bolt base plate within ±0.5mm, which is far less than the industry standard of ±1mm, meeting the strict requirements of nuclear power equipment on installation accuracy, and fundamentally ensuring the stability and safety of the long-term operation of the turbine.

[0042] 5. The installation frame of the auxiliary installation tool of the present invention adopts an adjustable frame, and the frame size can be flexibly adjusted through the first through hole and the second through hole. The adjustment range covers common base plate sizes (800mm×600mm to 1200mm×1000mm), so that it can adapt to the anchor bolt base plates of different models of turbines, significantly improving the versatility and practicality of the tool.

[0043] Note that the description of these effects does not preclude the existence of other effects. One embodiment of the present invention does not necessarily have all of the above effects. Effects other than the above can be clearly seen and extracted from the description of the specification, drawings, claims, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of an auxiliary installation tool according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an auxiliary installation tool including an anchor bolt base plate according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a process flow for installing steam turbine foundation bolts according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] In the figure, 1. Positioning slot; 2. Load-bearing beam; 3. Positioning bolt; 4. Crossbeam; 5. First lifting ear; 6. Second lifting ear; 7. Third lifting ear; 8. Balancing lifting ear; 9. Universal wheel; 10. Limiting slot; 11. Support seat; 12. First through hole; 13. Second through hole; 14. Anchor bolt base plate; 15. Limiting hole of the anchor bolt base plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0049] like Figure 1 As shown, it is a preferred embodiment of the auxiliary installation tool of the present invention, the auxiliary installation tool includes a guide device, a mounting frame and a crossbeam 4;

[0050] The guide device includes a universal wheel 9, a support seat 11 and a load-bearing beam 2; the installation frame includes a positioning slot 1;

[0051] The load-bearing beam 2 is a concave steel plate, the bottom of the concave steel plate is connected to one end of the support seat 11, and the other end of the support seat 11 is connected to the universal wheel 9; limit slots 10 are respectively provided on the sides of the steel plates on opposite sides of the concave steel plate, one side of the concave steel plate is open, and positioning slots 1 are respectively provided above the open side and the side opposite to the open side, and the positioning slots 1 are connected to the concave steel plate through positioning bolts 3; the positioning slots 1 are L-shaped steel plates; one end of the crossbeam 4 is connected to the side opposite to the open side of the load-bearing beam 2, and a plurality of lifting ears are sequentially provided on the upper surface of the crossbeam 4; a balancing lifting ear 8 is provided on the lower surface of the other end of the crossbeam 4.

[0052] Figure 2 and Figure 3 FIG. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to the present invention, wherein the steam turbine anchor bolt installation process comprises the following steps:

[0053] Step S1, base plate loading: Use a crane to lift the anchor bolt base plate 14 onto the load-bearing beam 2. The width of the anchor bolt base plate 14 must be greater than the span of the load-bearing beam 2 to ensure stable support. The positioning slot 1 and the limit slot 10 form a "positioning clamping mechanism". The L-shaped steel plate of the positioning slot 1 ensures that the anchor bolt base plate 14 is strictly limited to the set position and direction, reducing the risks of falling from height, mechanical injury, etc.

[0054] Step S2, counterweight balancing: according to the actual weight of the anchor bolt base plate 14, a matching counterweight block is installed on the balance lug 8 to ensure that the tool is level as a whole during lifting to prevent tilting;

[0055] Step S3, hoisting to the hole entrance: the crane lifts the auxiliary installation tools through the lifting lugs and lowers them horizontally to the entrance of the installation hole. Specifically, the crane lifts the entire set of tools through two of the first lifting lug 5, the second lifting lug 6, and the third lifting lug 7, and lowers them horizontally to the entrance of the installation hole, avoiding manual handling of heavy base plates >100 kg and eliminating the risk of falling.

[0056] Step S4, precise positioning and installation, includes the following steps:

[0057] Step S4.1 Horizontal Transportation: Push the guide device and use the universal wheel 9 to slide the auxiliary installation tool through the hole entrance into the bottom of the steam turbine unit. The operator can easily push the entire device through the guide device 9, so that it slides horizontally through the installation hole deep into the bottom of the foundation. This completely eliminates the high-risk operation mode of manually moving heavy objects in a narrow space, while shortening the installation cycle and greatly improving installation efficiency. It also reduces the risks of falling from height and mechanical injuries.

[0058] Step S4.2: Fine-tune the positioning: operate the universal wheel 9 to adjust the position of the anchor bolt base plate 14 so that the pre-buried anchor bolts are accurately inserted into the anchor bolt base plate limiting holes 15;

[0059] Step S4.3: Fasten the connection: Use the anchor bolts and nuts to secure the anchor bolt base plate 14;

[0060] Step S5: Tool disassembly and recycling:

[0061] Step S5.1: Remove the positioning slot 1 and the positioning bolt 3 on the opening side of the concave steel plate;

[0062] Step S5.2: Laterally extract the guide device through the crossbeam 4;

[0063] Step S5.3: Recover the tool and proceed to the next cycle.

[0064] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the positioning slot 1 on the opening side of the concave steel plate is movably connected to the positioning bolt 3, which can be quickly disassembled to avoid the entire plate being lifted off, greatly simplifying subsequent operations and improving efficiency and safety.

[0065] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mounting frame is an adjustable frame, and a plurality of first through holes 12 are transversely arranged on one side of the L-shaped steel plate, and a plurality of second through holes 13 are transversely arranged on the other side.

[0066] Furthermore, during the baseplate loading step S1, appropriate first and second through-holes 12, 13 are selected on the L-shaped steel plate based on the size of the anchor bolt baseplate 14, and bolts are used to position the anchor bolt baseplate 14. The first and second through-holes 12, 13 allow for flexible adjustment of the frame size, covering a wide range of common baseplate sizes (800mm×600mm to 1200mm×1000mm), making it adaptable to the anchor bolt baseplates of different steam turbine models, significantly enhancing the tool's versatility and practicality.

[0067] Furthermore, the steam turbine anchor bolt installation process requires a construction preparation stage before installation, including the following steps:

[0068] (1) Basic acceptance:

[0069] Check the installation quality of the steam turbine foundation steel frame and the position of the pre-buried anchor bolt holes to ensure they meet the design requirements; clean up debris around the installation holes and ensure that the transportation channel is unobstructed;

[0070] (2) Auxiliary tool assembly and debugging:

[0071] Adjust the positioning slot 1 according to the size of the anchor bolt base plate 14 to be installed, select the first through hole 12 and the second through hole 13 on the L-shaped steel plate, and use bolts to limit the anchor bolt base plate 14;

[0072] Check the welding firmness of the crossbeam 4, lifting lugs and balancing lifting lugs 8.

[0073] After the above preparations are completed, start the installation of the anchor bolts.

[0074] Furthermore, the adjustable frame is adjusted through the first through hole 12 and the second through hole 13, such as Figure 2 As shown, when the size of the anchor bolt base plate 14 is smaller or larger than the size of the previous base plate, appropriate first through holes 12 and second through holes 13 are selected for fastening with bolts to adapt to anchor bolt base plates of different sizes.

[0075] Furthermore, the adjustment range of the mounting frame is 800mm×600mm to 1200mm×1000mm.

[0076] Preferably, the guide device of the auxiliary installation tool of the present invention can accurately adjust the position of the auxiliary installation tool after the anchor bolt base plate 14 is installed through the universal wheel 9, which is conducive to the precise alignment of the anchor bolt base plate limiting hole 15 with the embedded anchor bolt, and the installation error range of the anchor bolt base plate is within ±0.5mm, which is far less than the industry standard of ±1mm, meeting the strict requirements of nuclear power equipment on installation accuracy, and fundamentally ensuring the stability and safety of the long-term operation of the turbine.

[0077] The installation process of the present invention is simple to operate. Compared with the traditional process, there is no need for manual handling or construction of temporary hangers when transporting the anchor bolt base plate 14, and no manual calibration is required during installation. The present invention can quickly transport the anchor bolt base plate 14 to the designated position through crane lifting and horizontal transportation of the universal wheel 9. The guide device improves the installation accuracy through the universal wheel 9, and the installation frame is adjustable to be compatible with common anchor bolt base plates 14 sizes, saving costs.

[0078] This invention systematically solves the installation challenge of heavy anchor bolt base plates (14) in confined spaces through an adjustable mounting frame, counterweighted balancing, and precise positioning of universal wheels (9). This achieves a triple breakthrough in safety, precision, and efficiency, potentially reducing costs by 100,000 yuan per unit. This process not only creatively addresses the industry's challenge of safely and accurately installing heavy anchor bolt base plates (14) in extremely confined spaces, but also demonstrates exceptional practicality in practical applications: achieving a breakthrough improvement in installation accuracy (to an installation error of ±0.5mm), significantly shortening construction time by 70%, significantly reducing labor costs and operational risks (reducing manual handling by 70%, reducing labor costs by 100,000 yuan per unit), and exhibiting excellent versatility. This process represents a significant technological advancement in the field of steam turbine installation, with high promotional value and economic benefits.

[0079] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0080] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A steam turbine anchor bolt installation process, characterized in that: The auxiliary installation tool comprises a guide device, a mounting frame and a crossbeam (4); The guide device includes a universal wheel (9), a support seat (11) and a load-bearing beam (2); the installation frame includes a positioning slot (1); The load-bearing beam (2) is a concave steel plate, the bottom of the concave steel plate is connected to one end of the support seat (11), and the other end of the support seat (11) is connected to the universal wheel (9); the side edges of the steel plates on the opposite sides of the concave steel plate are respectively provided with limit slots (10), one side of the concave steel plate is open, and positioning slots (1) are respectively provided above the open side and the side opposite to the open side, and the positioning slots (1) are connected to the concave steel plate through positioning bolts (3); the positioning slots (1) are L-shaped steel plates; one end of the crossbeam (4) is connected to the side opposite to the open side of the load-bearing beam (2), and a plurality of lifting lugs are sequentially provided on the upper surface of the crossbeam (4); a balancing lifting lug (8) is provided on the lower surface of the other end of the crossbeam (4); The installation process includes the following steps: Step S1, base plate loading: the anchor bolt base plate (14) is hoisted onto the load-bearing beam (2) by a crane, and the positioning slot (1) and the limiting slot (10) form a "positioning clamping mechanism". The L-shaped steel plate of the positioning slot (1) ensures that the anchor bolt base plate (14) is limited to the set position and direction; Step S2, counterweight balancing: according to the actual weight of the anchor bolt base plate (14), a matching counterweight block is installed on the balancing lug (8); Step S3: Hoisting to the hole entrance: The crane lifts the auxiliary installation tool through the lifting lugs and lowers it horizontally to the entrance of the installation hole; Step S4, precise positioning and installation, includes the following steps: Step S4.1 Horizontal transport: Push the guide device and use the universal wheel (9) to slide the auxiliary installation tool into the bottom of the steam turbine unit through the hole entrance; Step S4.2: Fine-tune the positioning: operate the universal wheel (9) to adjust the position of the anchor bolt base plate (14) so ​​that the embedded anchor bolts are accurately inserted into the anchor bolt base plate limiting holes (15); Step S4.3: Fasten the connection: Use the anchor bolts and nuts to secure the anchor bolt base plate (14); Step S5: Tool disassembly and recycling: Step S5.1: Remove the positioning slot (1) and the positioning bolt (3) on the opening side of the concave steel plate; Step S5.2: Laterally extract the guide device through the crossbeam (4); Step S5.3: Recover the tool and proceed to the next cycle.

2. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation frame is an adjustable frame, and a plurality of first through holes (12) are arranged transversely on one side of the L-shaped steel plate, and a plurality of second through holes (13) are arranged transversely on the other side.

3. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the step S1 of loading the base plate, suitable first through holes (12) and second through holes (13) are selected on the L-shaped steel plate according to the size of the anchor bolt base plate (14), and the anchor bolt base plate (14) is limited by bolts.

4. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spacing between the two opposite sides of the concave steel plate is smaller than the width of the anchor bolt base plate (14).

5. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load-bearing beam (2) comprises a double layer of concave steel plates, which are arranged in an overlapping manner.

6. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper surface of the crossbeam (4) is provided with a first lifting lug (5), a second lifting lug (6) and a third lifting lug (7) in sequence.

7. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation error of the anchor bolt base plate (14) using this installation process is within ±0.5mm.

8. The steam turbine anchor bolt installation process according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following pre-installation preparation steps are also included: Foundation acceptance: Check the installation quality of the steam turbine foundation steel frame and the position of the pre-buried anchor bolt holes to ensure they meet the design requirements; clean up debris around the installation holes and ensure that the transportation channel is unobstructed; Auxiliary tool assembly and debugging: according to the size of the anchor bolt base plate (14) to be installed, adjust the positioning slot (1), select the first through hole (12) and the second through hole (13) on the L-shaped steel plate, and use bolts to limit the anchor bolt base plate (14); Check the welding firmness of the crossbeam (4), lifting lugs and balancing lugs (8); After the above preparations are completed, start the installation of the anchor bolts.

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