Process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tire recycling and processing, in particular to a process management and control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring raw material characteristic data of the waste tire, and determining a preprocessing parameter set according to the raw material characteristic data; according to the preprocessing parameter set, processing equipment is controlled to process the waste tires, and processed real-time material information is obtained; analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics, and determining a dynamic cracking temperature and a dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the material characteristics; and according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, controlling the treatment equipment to carry out material quality improvement so as to obtain the light oil meeting the standard. And the cracking temperature and the reaction atmosphere are dynamically adjusted, so that the migration of sulfur and the catalytic activity of metal are effectively controlled, the yield and the quality of light oil are improved, and the generation of harmful substances is reduced. Through refining treatment, the light oil meeting the standard is obtained, the commercial value is improved, and meanwhile, the environmental pollution is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tire recycling and processing, and in particular to a process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires. Background Art

[0002] With increasing environmental protection demands and resource constraints, the recycling of waste tires has become an important research topic. Treatment methods for waste tires primarily include mechanical crushing, pyrolysis, and incineration. Pyrolysis, however, has become a research priority due to its ability to decompose waste tires at relatively low temperatures and produce commercially valuable light oil, carbon black, and gas.

[0003] Existing technologies for processing scrap tires often result in high energy consumption, unstable oil quality, and low product utilization. Therefore, effectively improving the yield and quality of pyrolysis oil is a core issue in scrap tire pyrolysis technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a process control method and system for producing light oil from waste tires to solve the above problems.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a process control method for producing light oil from waste tires, the method comprising: Obtaining raw material characteristic data of waste tires, and determining a set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data; Controlling the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the preprocessing parameter set, and obtaining real-time material information after processing; Analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material properties, and determining a dynamic cracking temperature and a dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material properties; According to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0006] This solution collects data on the raw material properties of scrap tires, providing a scientific basis for determining a set of pretreatment parameters, helping to improve the relevance and efficiency of the pretreatment process. Controlling the use of processing equipment such as crushers, sorters, and dryers based on the pretreatment parameter set helps reduce sulfur migration, increase metal recovery rates, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide high-quality raw materials for the cracking process. Real-time monitoring of material information allows for the timely identification and resolution of problems, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Analysis of real-time material information helps guide the adjustment of dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on material properties, sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity are effectively controlled, improving the yield and quality of light oil and reducing the generation of harmful substances. Refining treatment yields standard light oil, increasing commercial value while reducing environmental pollution.

[0007] Optionally, determining a set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data includes: determining the tire sulfur content, tire metal content, and tire type based on the raw material characteristic data; Determining the crushing particle size according to the sulfur content of the tire and the tire type; Analyzing the metal content to determine the proportion of metal components; Determine the sorting strategy based on the proportion of the metal components; Determining a drying temperature based on the tire type; The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the preprocessing parameter set is generated.

[0008] Through this solution, the sulfur content, metal content and tire type of the tire are determined, which helps predict the behavior during the cracking process, such as the sulfur migration coefficient and metal catalytic activity index, thereby optimizing the pretreatment and cracking process. Crushing particle size helps reduce the sulfur migration coefficient, improve metal recovery rate, and optimize the heat transfer efficiency of the cracking process. Determining the proportion of metal components helps determine the metal sorting strategy, improve metal recovery efficiency, and reduce the negative impact of metal on the cracking reaction. The sorting strategy helps to effectively recover metals, reduce the interference of metals in the cracking process, and improve the quality and yield of light oil. Appropriate drying temperature helps to remove moisture from the tire and reduce the adverse effects of moisture in the cracking process. The generation of a set of pretreatment parameters ensures the standardization and repeatability of the pretreatment process, which helps to improve the efficiency of the entire process and product quality.

[0009] Optionally, determining the drying temperature according to the tire type includes: Obtain tire raw material moisture detection data; Determining the moisture content of the raw materials according to the moisture detection data; The drying temperature is determined according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material.

[0010] This solution uses the loss-on-drying method to obtain moisture data from scrap tires, providing a basis for drying optimization and reducing the impact of moisture on the pyrolysis process. Calculating the moisture content of the raw material based on this moisture data helps determine drying process parameters, ensuring effective moisture removal and providing dry raw material for the pyrolysis process. Determining the drying temperature range based on tire type and raw material moisture content helps optimize the drying process, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw material for the pyrolysis process.

[0011] Optionally, determining the drying temperature according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material includes: Acquiring device information of the processing device; Determining the effective volume of the equipment according to the equipment information; Determining a feed rate per unit time based on the equipment information; Determining a steam generation rate according to the moisture content of the raw material and the feed rate; Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment; The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and a drying temperature is determined based on the comparison result and the tire type.

[0012] This solution collects equipment information, providing basic data for process parameter setting and helping to optimize process flow and equipment utilization. Calculating the effective volume of the equipment helps determine the equipment's processing capacity during the drying process, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the drying process. Determining the feed rate based on the equipment's production capacity and effective utilization helps maintain the continuity and stability of the drying process and improve production efficiency. Calculating the steam generation rate based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate helps ensure sufficient steam supply during the drying process and guarantee the drying effect. Calculating the maximum steam load that the equipment can withstand helps prevent equipment overload and ensure its safe operation. Comparing the steam generation rate and the maximum steam load provides a basis for adjusting the drying temperature. Determining the drying temperature based on the comparison of the steam generation rate and the maximum steam load, as well as the tire type, helps optimize the drying process, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw materials for the cracking process.

[0013] Optionally, analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics includes: Analyzing the real-time material information to determine particle size distribution and bulk density; Analyzing the real-time material information to determine the residual metal content and the residual sulfur content; According to the tire type, retrieve historical cracking records; Based on the historical cracking records, determining the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity according to the residual sulfur content and the residual metal content; The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

[0014] This solution enables real-time identification of the material's particle size distribution and bulk density, helping to optimize crushing and sorting processes and ensure uniformity and stability during drying and cracking. Accurately measuring residual metal and sulfur content helps control the behavior of metals and sulfur during the cracking process, reducing the impact on light oil quality and yield. Historical cracking records provide valuable empirical data that helps predict and optimize the current cracking process, improving production efficiency and product quality. By analyzing historical data, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer during the cracking process can be more accurately predicted and adjusted, thereby improving cracking efficiency. Using sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer as material properties facilitates dynamic adjustment of cracking process parameters, enabling real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the process.

[0015] Optionally, the real-time material information further includes real-time gas phase information, and determining the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the material characteristics includes: Analyzing the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product; Determining a dynamic cracking temperature according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity; The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

[0016] This solution uses real-time analysis of gas-phase information to monitor product hydrocarbon content, ensuring the quality and yield of cracked products. Dynamic cracking temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity, optimizing the cracking process and improving the yield and quality of light oil. Dynamic reaction atmosphere is also determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, feedstock moisture content, and drying temperature to reduce the generation of harmful substances, such as hydrogen sulfide, and thus, the formation of carbon black.

[0017] Optionally, before controlling the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the method further includes: analyzing the metal content to determine the metal composition; Determining a catalyst configuration according to the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index; The controlling of the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes: According to the dynamic cracking temperature, the catalyst configuration and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material.

[0018] This solution identifies the metal components in scrap tires by analyzing their metal content, providing a basis for metal recovery and processing. Select catalysts that form stable compounds with the metal components in scrap tires to reduce the negative impact of the metal components on the cracking process. Select catalysts that effectively reduce the sulfur migration coefficient to reduce the sulfur content in light oil. Select catalysts that react with the remaining sulfur content and metals to further reduce the sulfur and metal content. Select catalysts with highly active sites to improve cracking efficiency. Determine the ratio of different catalysts to achieve the best cracking effect. Integrating different catalysts to form a final catalyst configuration helps control the sulfur migration coefficient and the catalytic activity of the metal components, thereby improving the quality and yield of light oil. Adjust the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere to optimize the cracking process, increase the yield and quality of light oil, maintain optimal production conditions, and reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0019] Optionally, determining the dynamic cracking temperature according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity includes: Determining the desulfurization section temperature and the residence time of each desulfurization section according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content; Determining the main cracking section atmosphere and the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index; Adjusting the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the hydrocarbon content of the product to obtain the actual main cracking section temperature; According to the thermal conductivity, the actual main cracking section temperature and the desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic cracking temperature.

[0020] This solution effectively removes the sulfur content coefficient from the material by determining the desulfurization zone temperature and residence time, reducing the sulfur content coefficient of light oil, improving the quality of light oil products, and reducing environmental pollution. Based on the residual metal content and metal catalytic activity index, the appropriate main cracking zone atmosphere and expected main cracking zone temperature are determined to improve the efficiency of the cracking reaction. The expected main cracking zone temperature is adjusted according to the product hydrocarbon content to further optimize the quality and yield of the cracked products and ensure the quality of the light oil. The actual main cracking zone temperature and desulfurization zone temperature are corrected based on thermal conductivity to compensate for heat loss or gain, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the cracking process. By determining the dynamic cracking temperature, real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the cracking process are achieved, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0021] Optionally, determining the dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material, and the drying temperature includes: Comparing the moisture content of the raw material with a preset moisture threshold, and determining whether to perform stage drying based on the comparison result; If stage drying is determined, the drying section control parameters are determined according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature; Determining the drying section control parameters according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps: Comparing the drying temperature with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water; If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, determining to remove free water and controlling the processing equipment to remove free water; Comparing the drying temperature with the second temperature range to determine whether to perform oxidation pretreatment; If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, determining to perform oxidation pretreatment, and controlling the processing equipment to perform oxidation pretreatment; The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content.

[0022] This solution determines the need for stage drying by comparing the moisture content of the raw material with a preset moisture threshold, thereby ensuring that the material reaches the appropriate moisture content before entering the processing stage and improving cracking efficiency. Determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature helps optimize the drying process, reduce energy consumption, and ensure that the material does not overheat or overdry during the drying process. By controlling the processing equipment to remove free water, the free water in the material is removed, reducing the adverse effects of moisture on the cracking reaction and improving the quality of the cracking products. By performing oxidation pretreatment, the chemical structure of the material is improved, the efficiency of the cracking reaction is increased, and the distribution and quality of the cracking products are optimized. The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content, effectively controlling the sulfur migration coefficient, reducing the sulfur content in light oil, and improving oil quality.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present application provides a process control system for producing light oil from waste tires, the system comprising: A set determination module is used to obtain the raw material characteristic data of the waste tires and determine the preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data; An information acquisition module, configured to control the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the pre-processing parameter set and to obtain real-time material information after processing; a property analysis module, configured to analyze the real-time material information, obtain material properties, and determine the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material properties; The quality improvement control module is used to control the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0024] Optionally, when the set determination module determines the preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data, it is configured to: determining the tire sulfur content, tire metal content, and tire type based on the raw material characteristic data; Determining the crushing particle size according to the sulfur content of the tire and the tire type; Analyzing the metal content to determine the proportion of metal components; Determine the sorting strategy based on the proportion of the metal components; Determining a drying temperature based on the tire type; The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the preprocessing parameter set is generated.

[0025] Optionally, when determining the drying temperature according to the tire type, the set determination module is configured to: Obtain tire raw material moisture detection data; Determining the moisture content of the raw materials according to the moisture detection data; The drying temperature is determined according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material.

[0026] Optionally, when the set determination module determines the drying temperature according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material, it is configured to: Acquiring device information of the processing device; Determining the effective volume of the equipment according to the equipment information; Determining a feed rate per unit time based on the equipment information; Determining a steam generation rate according to the moisture content of the raw material and the feed rate; Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment; The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and a drying temperature is determined based on the comparison result and the tire type.

[0027] Optionally, when the property analysis module analyzes the real-time material information and obtains material properties, it is used to: Analyzing the real-time material information to determine particle size distribution and bulk density; Analyzing the real-time material information to determine the residual metal content and the residual sulfur content; According to the tire type, retrieve historical cracking records; Based on the historical cracking records, determining the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity according to the residual sulfur content and the residual metal content; The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

[0028] Optionally, the real-time material information also includes real-time gas phase information. When the property analysis module determines the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material properties, it is used to: Analyzing the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product; Determining a dynamic cracking temperature according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity; The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

[0029] Optionally, the process control system for producing light oil from waste tires further includes a material processing module for: analyzing the metal content to determine the metal composition; Determining a catalyst configuration according to the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index; The controlling of the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes: According to the dynamic cracking temperature, the catalyst configuration and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material.

[0030] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module determines the dynamic cracking temperature based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity, it is configured to: Determining the desulfurization section temperature and the residence time of each desulfurization section according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content; Determining the main cracking section atmosphere and the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index; Adjusting the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the hydrocarbon content of the product to obtain the actual main cracking section temperature; According to the thermal conductivity, the actual main cracking section temperature and the desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic cracking temperature.

[0031] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module determines the dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material, and the drying temperature, it is configured to: Comparing the moisture content of the raw material with a preset moisture threshold, and determining whether to perform stage drying based on the comparison result; If stage drying is determined, the drying section control parameters are determined according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature; Determining the drying section control parameters according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps: Comparing the drying temperature with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water; If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, determining to remove free water and controlling the processing equipment to remove free water; Comparing the drying temperature with the second temperature range to determine whether to perform oxidation pretreatment; If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, determining to perform oxidation pretreatment, and controlling the processing equipment to perform oxidation pretreatment; The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, a brief introduction will be given below to the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a process control method for producing light oil from waste tires provided in one embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a process control system for producing light oil from waste tires provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] In this document, the term "and / or" simply describes a relationship between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " in this document, unless otherwise specified, generally indicates an "or" relationship between the related objects.

[0036] The embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0037] Existing technologies for processing scrap tires often result in high energy consumption, unstable oil quality, and low product utilization. Therefore, effectively improving the yield and quality of pyrolysis oil is a core issue in scrap tire pyrolysis technology.

[0038] Based on this, the present application provides a process control method and system for producing light oil from scrap tires. The system obtains scrap tire raw material characteristic data and determines a set of pretreatment parameters based on the raw material characteristic data. Based on the set of pretreatment parameters, the system controls processing equipment to process the scrap tires and obtains real-time material information after processing. The system analyzes the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics and, based on these characteristics, determines a dynamic cracking temperature and a dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere, the system controls processing equipment to upgrade the material quality and produce light oil that meets standards. By collecting scrap tire raw material characteristic data, a scientific basis is provided for determining the set of pretreatment parameters, helping to improve the relevance and efficiency of the pretreatment process. Based on the set of pretreatment parameters, the system controls processing equipment such as crushers, sorters, and dryers to process the scrap tires, helping to reduce sulfur migration, increase metal recovery, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide high-quality raw materials for the cracking process. Real-time monitoring of material information allows for timely identification and resolution of issues, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Analysis of real-time material information helps guide the adjustment of the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on the material characteristics, we effectively control sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity, improve the yield and quality of light oil, and reduce the generation of harmful substances. Through refining treatment, we obtain light oil that meets the standards, increase commercial value, and reduce environmental pollution.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by this application. The method provided by this application is applied in the scenario of recycling and refining waste tires.

[0040] Specifically, the method provided in the present application is applied to any server, and the server interacts with the processing equipment, and the raw material characteristic data of the waste tires are collected through the processing equipment to obtain a set of pre-processing parameters. According to the pre-processing parameter set, the processing equipment is controlled to process the waste tires, and the real-time material information obtained by monitoring during the processing of the processing equipment is obtained in real time, and problems are discovered and handled in a timely manner to ensure the effectiveness of the pre-processing process. By analyzing the real-time material information, the adjustment of the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere is guided. According to the material characteristics, the migration of sulfur and the catalytic activity of metals are effectively controlled, the yield and quality of light oil are improved, and the generation of harmful substances is reduced. By performing refining treatment, light oil that meets the standards is obtained, the commercial value is increased, and environmental pollution is reduced.

[0041] For specific implementation methods, please refer to the following embodiments.

[0042] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a process control method for producing light oil from waste tires provided in one embodiment of this application. The method of this embodiment can be applied to the server in the above scenario. Figure 2 As shown, the method includes: S201, obtaining raw material characteristic data of waste tires, and determining a preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data; The raw material characteristic data may be physical and chemical properties of the scrap tires, such as tire model, rubber layer thickness, metal content, sulfur content, and physical structure parameters.

[0043] The pre-processing parameter set may be a parameter set such as crushing particle size, sorting strategy, drying temperature, etc. determined based on raw material characteristic data.

[0044] Specifically, physical and chemical analysis methods are used to collect data on the characteristics of scrap tires, including tire model, rubber layer thickness, metal content, sulfur content, metal composition, and physical structural parameters. Based on this data, a set of pre-processing parameters, such as crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature, are determined.

[0045] S202, controlling the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the preprocessing parameter set, and obtaining real-time material information after processing; The processing equipment can be mechanical equipment such as crushers, sorters, dryers, etc. used to process waste tires.

[0046] Real-time material information can be material information such as particle size distribution, bulk density, metal content, sulfur content, etc. that is monitored and collected in real time during the processing process.

[0047] Specifically, based on a set of pre-processing parameters, processing signals are sent to processing equipment such as crushers, sorters, and dryers to process the scrap tires. Real-time material information such as particle size distribution, bulk density, metal content, and sulfur content is obtained from the processing equipment.

[0048] S203, analyzing real-time material information to obtain material properties, and determining dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material properties; The material properties may be physical and chemical properties such as the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, thermal conductivity, etc. of the material.

[0049] The dynamic cracking temperature can be a cracking temperature that is dynamically adjusted according to the material properties.

[0050] The dynamic reaction atmosphere can be a reaction atmosphere that is dynamically adjusted according to the material properties.

[0051] Specifically, real-time material information is analyzed to determine material properties such as particle size distribution, bulk density, sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, thermal conductivity, etc. Based on these material properties and combined with historical cracking records, the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere are determined.

[0052] S204. According to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0053] Light oil can be a low molecular weight oil obtained by cracking waste tires.

[0054] Specifically, according to the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the material quality, for example, The catalyst performs hydrodesulfurization, and based on the supporting high-pressure reactor, sulfur content can be reduced to below 10 ppm. Fractionation is controlled by a 180°C distillation range to separate light oil (C5-C10) from heavier components, improving fuel compatibility.

[0055] The processing equipment captures real-time data on the distillation range distribution and sulfur speciation of the pyrolysis oil during the upgrading process. Based on the target flash point and sulfur content standards for light oil, a coordinated control strategy for hydrodesulfurization and fractionation is determined. Through post-processing processes such as hydrodesulfurization and fractionation, the pyrolysis oil is refined to produce light oil that meets the standards.

[0056] This solution collects data on the raw material characteristics of scrap tires, providing a scientific basis for determining a set of pretreatment parameters, helping to improve the relevance and efficiency of the pretreatment process. Based on the determined set of pretreatment parameters, the crushers, sorters, dryers, and other processing equipment used to treat scrap tires are controlled, helping to reduce sulfur migration, increase metal recovery rates, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide high-quality raw materials for the cracking process. Real-time monitoring of material information allows for the timely identification and resolution of problems, ensuring the effectiveness of the pretreatment process. Analysis of real-time material information helps guide the adjustment of dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere. Based on material characteristics, sulfur migration and metal catalytic activity are effectively controlled, improving the yield and quality of light oil and reducing the generation of harmful substances. Through refining, standard-compliant light oil is obtained, increasing commercial value while reducing environmental pollution.

[0057] In some embodiments, the sulfur content of the tire and the tire type are determined based on the raw material characteristic data; the crushing particle size is determined based on the sulfur content and the tire type; the metal content is analyzed to determine the proportion of metal components; the sorting strategy is determined based on the proportion of metal components; the drying temperature is determined based on the tire type; the crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and a preprocessing parameter set is generated.

[0058] Tire sulfur content can be the content of sulfur element in waste tire rubber.

[0059] Tire metal content can be the content of metal elements such as iron and zinc in waste tires.

[0060] The tire type can be a type of waste tire such as truck tire, passenger car tire, engineering tire, etc.

[0061] Crushed particle size can be the size of the small pieces or particles into which the scrap tires are crushed during the pre-processing process.

[0062] The metal content may be the total content of metal elements in the scrap tires.

[0063] The metal composition ratio may be the content ratio of different metal elements in the tire.

[0064] The sorting strategy can be to determine the method of metal separation and recycling based on the metal content and metal component ratio in waste tires.

[0065] The drying temperature may be the temperature used to dry the scrap tires during the pre-treatment process.

[0066] Processing parameters can be parameters such as crushing particle size, sorting strategy, drying temperature, etc. used to control the operation of processing equipment.

[0067] Specifically, based on raw material characteristic data, scrap tires are analyzed for sulfur content using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to determine the tire's sulfur content. Metal analysis is performed using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to determine the metal content. Visual recognition technology is used to identify the model, size, and purpose of the scrap tires to determine the tire type. Crushing particle size is determined based on the tire's sulfur content and type, taking into account factors such as sulfur migration coefficient, metal recovery, and pretreatment costs.

[0068] Using the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS) test results, we calculated the metal composition percentage of each metal within the metal content, thereby assessing the impact of different metals on the cracking process. Based on the metal composition percentages and the evaluation results, we developed a corresponding sorting strategy. We used the loss on drying method to determine the moisture content of the raw materials. The drying temperature was set based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw materials. The crushing particle size, sorting strategy, and drying temperature were identified as processing parameters and integrated into a complete set of preprocessing parameters.

[0069] Through this solution, the sulfur content, metal content and tire type of the tire are determined, which helps predict the behavior during the cracking process, such as the sulfur migration coefficient and metal catalytic activity index, thereby optimizing the pretreatment and cracking process. Crushing particle size helps reduce the sulfur migration coefficient, improve metal recovery rate, and optimize the heat transfer efficiency of the cracking process. Determining the proportion of metal components helps determine the metal sorting strategy, improve metal recovery efficiency, and reduce the negative impact of metal on the cracking reaction. The sorting strategy helps to effectively recover metals, reduce the interference of metals in the cracking process, and improve the quality and yield of light oil. Appropriate drying temperature helps to remove moisture from the tire and reduce the adverse effects of moisture in the cracking process. The generation of a set of pretreatment parameters ensures the standardization and repeatability of the pretreatment process, which helps to improve the efficiency of the entire process and product quality.

[0070] In some embodiments, moisture detection data of tire raw materials is obtained; the moisture content of the raw materials is determined based on the moisture detection data; and the drying temperature is determined based on the tire type and the moisture content of the raw materials.

[0071] The moisture detection data may be a specific value of the moisture content detected in the waste tires.

[0072] The moisture content of the raw material can be the percentage of water in the raw material.

[0073] Specifically, the waste tires are tested for moisture using the loss-on-drying method to obtain moisture data. This moisture data is analyzed to calculate the raw material moisture content. A drying temperature control model is established based on the tire type and raw material moisture content. Based on this drying temperature control model, a drying temperature range is set.

[0074] This solution uses the loss-on-drying method to obtain moisture data from scrap tires, providing a basis for drying optimization and reducing the impact of moisture on the pyrolysis process. Calculating the moisture content of the raw material based on this moisture data helps determine drying process parameters, ensuring effective moisture removal and providing dry raw material for the pyrolysis process. Determining the drying temperature range based on tire type and raw material moisture content helps optimize the drying process, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw material for the pyrolysis process.

[0075] In some embodiments, equipment information of the processing equipment is obtained; based on the equipment information, the effective volume of the equipment is determined; based on the equipment information, the feed rate per unit time is determined; based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate, the steam generation rate is determined; based on the effective volume of the equipment, the maximum steam load is calculated; the steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and the drying temperature is determined based on the comparison result and the tire type.

[0076] The equipment information may include the model, specification, production capacity, design temperature, design pressure and other information of the processing equipment.

[0077] The effective volume of the equipment can be the effective volume inside the processing equipment used for loading and processing materials.

[0078] The feed rate can be the amount of material input into the processing equipment per unit time.

[0079] The steam generation rate can be the amount of steam generated per unit time during the drying process.

[0080] The maximum steam load may be the maximum steam supply that the processing equipment can withstand during the drying process.

[0081] Specifically, consult the archival data of the processing equipment to obtain the equipment information of the processing equipment. Based on the equipment information, use the corresponding geometric formula to calculate the effective volume of the equipment. Consult the equipment specification to determine the equipment production capacity. Calculate the effective utilization rate of the equipment through the proportional formula. Based on the equipment production capacity and the effective utilization rate of the equipment, calculate the feed rate per unit time. Based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate, calculate the heat required to remove moisture from the unit mass of the raw materials. Convert the required total heat into the steam generation rate. Use the steam enthalpy calculation tool to obtain the steam enthalpy value at the operating pressure and temperature of the equipment. Based on the effective volume of the equipment and the steam enthalpy value, calculate the maximum steam load of the equipment under full load. Compare the steam generation rate with the maximum steam load, and determine the appropriate drying temperature based on the comparison results and different tire types.

[0082] This solution collects equipment information, providing basic data for process parameter setting and helping to optimize process flow and equipment utilization. Calculating the effective volume of the equipment helps determine the equipment's processing capacity during the drying process, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the drying process. Determining the feed rate based on the equipment's production capacity and effective utilization helps maintain the continuity and stability of the drying process and improve production efficiency. Calculating the steam generation rate based on the moisture content of the raw materials and the feed rate helps ensure sufficient steam supply during the drying process and guarantee the drying effect. Calculating the maximum steam load that the equipment can withstand helps prevent equipment overload and ensure its safe operation. Comparing the steam generation rate and the maximum steam load provides a basis for adjusting the drying temperature. Determining the drying temperature based on the comparison of the steam generation rate and the maximum steam load, as well as the tire type, helps optimize the drying process, improve drying efficiency, reduce energy consumption, and provide dry raw materials for the cracking process.

[0083] In some embodiments, the particle size distribution and bulk density are analyzed and determined; the real-time material information is parsed to determine the residual metal content and the residual sulfur content; the historical cracking records are retrieved according to the tire type; based on the historical cracking records, the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index and the thermal conductivity are determined according to the residual sulfur content and the residual metal content; the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

[0084] Particle size distribution can be the proportion of particles of different size levels in real-time material information.

[0085] The bulk density can be the density of real-time material information in a natural bulk state.

[0086] The residual metal content can be the content of metal elements remaining in the material after treatment.

[0087] The residual sulfur content may be the content of sulfur element remaining in the treated material.

[0088] The historical pyrolysis record can be a record of the waste tire pyrolysis process over a period of time in the past. This period of time can be taken based on experience or determined by opinion.

[0089] The sulfur transfer coefficient may be the rate at which sulfur migrates from the feedstock to the light oil during the cracking process.

[0090] The metal catalytic activity index can be a quantitative indicator of the catalytic activity of a metal element on a cracking reaction.

[0091] Thermal conductivity can be described as the ability of a material to transfer heat during a heat transfer process.

[0092] Specifically, the particle size distribution of the real-time material information is analyzed by a particle size analyzer; the bulk density of the real-time material information is measured by a densitometer. The residual metal content of the real-time material information is analyzed by an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer; and the residual sulfur content of the real-time material information is determined by chemical analysis. According to the tire type, the corresponding historical cracking records are retrieved from the database. Based on the historical cracking records, a relationship model between the sulfur migration coefficient, the cracking conditions, and the residual sulfur content is established. Based on the relationship model and the residual sulfur content, the sulfur migration coefficient is predicted. A relationship model between the metal catalytic activity index, the cracking conditions, and the residual metal content is established. Based on the relationship model and the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index is predicted. A relationship model between thermal conductivity, material properties, and cracking conditions is established. Based on the relationship model and the material properties, thermal conductivity is predicted. The sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity are integrated into the control device as material properties.

[0093] This solution enables real-time identification of the material's particle size distribution and bulk density, helping to optimize crushing and sorting processes and ensure uniformity and stability during drying and cracking. Accurately measuring residual metal and sulfur content helps control the behavior of metals and sulfur during the cracking process, reducing the impact on light oil quality and yield. Historical cracking records provide valuable empirical data that helps predict and optimize the current cracking process, improving production efficiency and product quality. By analyzing historical cracking records, the sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer during the cracking process can be more accurately predicted and adjusted, thereby improving cracking efficiency. Using sulfur migration coefficient, metal catalytic activity, and heat transfer as material properties helps dynamically adjust cracking process parameters, enabling real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the process.

[0094] In some embodiments, real-time gas phase information is analyzed to determine the product hydrocarbon content; the dynamic cracking temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity; and the dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, raw material moisture content, and drying temperature.

[0095] The real-time gas phase information can be the composition and content data of the gas phase sample monitored in real time by analytical instruments such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry during the waste tire pyrolysis process.

[0096] The hydrocarbon content of the product may be the content of hydrocarbon compounds in products such as light oil, carbon black and gas generated during the cracking process of waste tires.

[0097] Specifically, real-time gas phase information is collected from the cracking equipment and analyzed for composition using analytical instruments such as gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Based on the analysis results, the product hydrocarbon content is determined. A mathematical model is established to link the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity to the cracking temperature. The dynamic cracking temperature is calculated using the mathematical model. A chemical reaction model is established to consider the reaction paths and rates of sulfur, moisture, and product hydrocarbons during the cracking process. The sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, raw material moisture content, and drying temperature are linked to the reaction atmosphere. The dynamic reaction atmosphere is calculated using the chemical reaction model.

[0098] The following are examples of the above embodiments: Example of dynamic cracking temperature determination: First, when determining the dynamic cracking temperature, the factors affecting the sulfur migration coefficient, the factors affecting the residual sulfur content, the factors affecting the C5+ content in the real-time gas phase product, the factors affecting the particle size distribution, the factors affecting the metal catalytic activity index, and the factors affecting the TGA curve are determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity. According to the mechanism of the sulfur migration coefficient, when the oil-phase sulfur content exceeds 60%, the temperature must be increased (180°C-200°C) in the later hydrogenation stage to decompose difficult-to-remove sulfides. The mechanism of the residual sulfur content is the temperature sensitivity of sulfide thermal decomposition: when the sulfur content is >3%, the main reaction zone temperature must be lowered (10°C for every 1% sulfur content). The mechanism of the C5+ content in the real-time gas product is that a 5% decrease in C5+ triggers a 10°C temperature drop and extends the constant temperature duration by 20%. The mechanism of the particle size distribution is that for every 1cm decrease in particle size, the allowed heating rate is increased by 0.5°C / min (the upper temperature limit is set at 450°C for particle size <2cm). The mechanism of the metal catalytic activity index is that for every 1% increase in Zn content, the main reaction zone temperature is lowered by 20°C to suppress coking. The mechanism of the TGA curve is that the maximum weight loss temperature ±10°C is used as the constant temperature range benchmark. Based on these mechanisms, the following example control output is shown: 1. When the oil phase sulfur is 70%, the hydrodesulfurization temperature is 200℃; 2. When the sulfur content is 4%, the main reaction zone temperature is set to 330°C (the benchmark is 350°C); 3. When C5+ drops from 45% to 40%, the temperature drops from 350°C to 340°C, and the constant temperature period increases from 60 minutes to 72 minutes; 4. When D50=3cm, the heating rate is 2.5C / min; when D50=1.5cm, the heating rate is 1.8C / min + the upper temperature limit is 450℃; 5. When the Zn content is 2%, the main reaction zone temperature is 310°C (the benchmark is 350°C); 6. When the TGA curve = 380℃, the constant temperature section is set to 370℃ to 390℃.

[0099] Example of dynamic reaction atmosphere determination: First, under the condition of determining the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, raw material moisture content and drying temperature are used to determine the factors affecting the sulfur migration coefficient (gas phase ratio), the residual sulfur content, the raw material moisture content and the cracking furnace pressure. According to the mechanism of the factors affecting the sulfur migration coefficient (gas phase ratio), when the gas phase sulfur content is >30%, the carrier gas flow rate is increased (0.5-0.8m3 / h) to accelerate the discharge. ; The mechanism of the influence of the residual sulfur content is that when the high sulfur content is >3%, H2 / Mixed gas (H2 accounts for 20%-30%), promotes desulfurization reaction; the mechanism of the influence of raw material moisture content is that when the moisture content is >1%, pure Carrier gas (flow rate + 30%) to prevent water vapor condensation and blockage; the mechanism of the factors affecting the pressure of the cracking furnace is to maintain a slight negative pressure (-10 -50kPa), to prevent gas leakage, when the pressure fluctuation is greater than 5kPa, trigger flow regulation. According to the mechanism of action, the example control output is: 1. When the gas phase sulfur content is 40%, the carrier gas flow rate is ; 2. When the sulfur content is 4%, 25% / 75%; 3. When the moisture content is hour, The flow rate is (Based on ); 4. When the pressure rises When the carrier gas flow rate increases by 20%.

[0100] It should be noted that the numbers involved in the above examples are used for illustrative purposes only and do not have any creative impact on the solutions of this embodiment.

[0101] This solution uses real-time analysis of gas-phase information to monitor product hydrocarbon content, ensuring the quality and yield of cracked products. Dynamic cracking temperature is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, product hydrocarbon content, residual metal content, metal catalytic activity index, and thermal conductivity, optimizing the cracking process and improving the yield and quality of light oil. Dynamic reaction atmosphere is also determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, feedstock moisture content, and drying temperature to reduce the generation of harmful substances, such as hydrogen sulfide, and thus, the formation of carbon black.

[0102] In some embodiments, the metal content is analyzed to determine the metal composition; the catalyst configuration is determined based on the metal composition, sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, residual metal content, and metal catalytic activity index; and the processing equipment is controlled to improve the material quality based on the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, including: controlling the processing equipment to improve the material quality based on the dynamic cracking temperature, catalyst configuration, and the dynamic reaction atmosphere.

[0103] The metal components may be the metal elements and contents such as iron, copper, zinc, chromium, lead, magnesium, etc. contained in the waste tires.

[0104] The catalyst configuration may be the type and ratio of catalysts used in the pyrolysis process.

[0105] Specifically, metal content is analyzed using an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer to analyze the metal components in scrap tires. Catalysts that form stable compounds with the metal components in the scrap tires are selected; catalysts that effectively reduce the sulfur migration coefficient are selected; catalysts that react with the remaining sulfur content and metals are selected; catalysts with high activity sites are selected based on the metal catalytic activity index; and the ratio of different catalysts is determined based on the different catalysts. Based on the different catalyst ratios, the different catalysts are integrated to form the final catalyst configuration. Temperature control equipment is installed to automatically adjust the heater power or cooling flow rate based on the set value of the dynamic cracking temperature. Catalyst addition equipment is installed to automatically control the catalyst addition amount based on the catalyst configuration requirements. Atmosphere control equipment is installed to automatically adjust the gas mixture ratio and flow rate within the reactor based on the set value of the dynamic reaction atmosphere. The drying process is controlled based on the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere to ensure that the material reaches the appropriate moisture content before entering the cracking reactor. The cracking reaction is controlled based on the dynamic cracking temperature, catalyst configuration, and dynamic reaction atmosphere to optimize the quality and yield of the cracking products. Post-processing such as separation and purification is performed based on the characteristics of the cracking products. The drying process, cracking reaction, and post-processing steps are integrated to improve the quality of the material.

[0106] The following are examples of the above embodiments: Example of catalyst configuration determination: First, in the case of determining the catalyst configuration, the factors affecting the organic composition, residual sulfur content, residual metal content, and metal catalytic activity index are determined based on the metal composition, sulfur migration coefficient, residual sulfur content, residual metal content, and metal catalytic activity index. According to the mechanism of the factors affecting the organic composition, the high styrene content is 1240 When the peak occurs, the ZSM-5 ratio is increased (50% to 70%), thereby promoting aromatization; the mechanism of the influence of the residual sulfur content is that when the sulfur increases by 1%, The mechanism of the influence of the metal residual amount is that when the Zn content increases by 1%, the ZSM-5 dosage increases by 5% to neutralize the metal catalytic effect; the mechanism of the influence of the metal catalytic activity index is that when Fe>0.5%, the addition of (1%-2%), passivating metal activity. Based on the mechanism of action, the example control output is: 1. When the proportion of styrene is 40%, the ratio of ZSM-5:MgO is 7:3; 2. When the sulfur content is 4%, the MgO dosage is 12% (the benchmark is 8%); 3. When the Zn content is 2%, the ZSM-5 dosage is 10% (the benchmark is 5%); 4. When the Fe content is 0.8%, add 1.5% .

[0107] It should be noted that the numbers involved in the above examples are used for illustrative purposes only and do not have any creative impact on the solutions of this embodiment.

[0108] This solution identifies the metal components in scrap tires by analyzing their metal content, providing a basis for metal recovery and processing. Select catalysts that form stable compounds with the metal components in scrap tires to reduce the negative impact of the metal components on the cracking process. Select catalysts that effectively reduce the sulfur migration coefficient to reduce the sulfur content in light oil. Select catalysts that react with the remaining sulfur content and metals to further reduce the sulfur and metal content. Select catalysts with highly active sites to improve cracking efficiency. Determine the ratio of different catalysts to achieve the best cracking effect. Integrating different catalysts to form a final catalyst configuration helps control the sulfur migration coefficient and the catalytic activity of the metal components, thereby improving the quality and yield of light oil. Adjust the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere to optimize the cracking process, increase the yield and quality of light oil, maintain optimal production conditions, and reduce energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0109] In some embodiments, the desulfurization section temperature and the residence time of each desulfurization section are determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content; the main cracking section atmosphere and the expected main cracking section temperature are determined based on the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index; the expected main cracking section temperature is adjusted based on the product hydrocarbon content to obtain the actual main cracking section temperature; the actual main cracking section temperature and the desulfurization section temperature are corrected based on the thermal conductivity to obtain the dynamic cracking temperature.

[0110] The desulfurization section temperature may be a temperature section used to remove sulfur during the waste tire cracking process.

[0111] The desulfurization stage can be a step in the pyrolysis process for removing sulfur from scrap tires.

[0112] Residence time can be the time that the material stays in the cracking equipment.

[0113] The main cracking zone atmosphere can be the gas composition and ratio in the reactor during the main stage of the cracking reaction.

[0114] The main cracking zone desired temperature may be a predetermined temperature setting during the main stage of the cracking reaction.

[0115] The actual main cracking section temperature may be the actual temperature of the main cracking section during actual operation.

[0116] Specifically, the desulfurization section temperature is set according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content, thereby selecting the temperature range of the effective desulfurization section. The residence time of the material in each desulfurization section is determined according to the temperature range of the desulfurization section and the material properties. The main cracking section atmosphere is set according to the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index. The expected temperature of the main cracking section is set according to the main cracking section atmosphere setting and the metal catalytic activity index. An adjustment model is pre-set based on historical data and experimental results. The expected temperature of the main cracking section is adjusted using the preset adjustment model based on the hydrocarbon content of the product. The actual main cracking section temperature is calculated based on the results predicted by the preset adjustment model. A correction model is pre-set based on thermodynamic principles and material properties. The actual main cracking section temperature and desulfurization section temperature are corrected using the preset correction model based on thermal conductivity. The dynamic cracking temperature is calculated based on the corrected thermal conductivity.

[0117] This solution effectively removes the sulfur content coefficient from the material by determining the desulfurization zone temperature and residence time, reducing the sulfur content coefficient of light oil, improving the quality of light oil products, and reducing environmental pollution. Based on the residual metal content and metal catalytic activity index, the appropriate main cracking zone atmosphere and expected main cracking zone temperature are determined to improve the efficiency of the cracking reaction. The expected main cracking zone temperature is adjusted according to the product hydrocarbon content to further optimize the quality and yield of the cracked products and ensure the quality of the light oil. The actual main cracking zone temperature and desulfurization zone temperature are corrected based on thermal conductivity to compensate for heat loss or gain, ensuring the stability and efficiency of the cracking process. By determining the dynamic cracking temperature, real-time optimization and closed-loop control of the cracking process are achieved, improving production efficiency and product quality.

[0118] In some embodiments, the moisture content of the raw material is compared with a preset moisture threshold value, and based on the comparison result, it is determined whether stage drying is to be performed; if it is determined to be performed, the drying section control parameters are determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature; the drying section control parameters are determined based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature, including the following steps: comparing the drying temperature with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water; if the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, it is determined to remove free water, and the treatment equipment is controlled to remove free water; comparing the drying temperature with the second temperature range to determine whether to perform oxidation pretreatment; if the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, it is determined to perform oxidation pretreatment, and the treatment equipment is controlled to perform oxidation pretreatment; determining the atmosphere of the main reaction section based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content.

[0119] The preset moisture threshold value may be a moisture content standard set during the pre-processing of waste tires, and may be pre-stored in the server and called when used.

[0120] The control parameters of the drying section may be parameters such as drying temperature, drying time, drying rate, etc. that need to be controlled during the drying process.

[0121] The first temperature range may be a temperature interval for removing free water.

[0122] The second temperature range may be a temperature interval for oxidation pretreatment.

[0123] The main reaction zone atmosphere can be the gas composition and ratio in the reactor during the main stage of the cracking reaction.

[0124] Specifically, a preset moisture content threshold is set based on process requirements and equipment capabilities. The raw material moisture content is compared with the preset moisture content threshold. Based on the comparison results, a determination is made as to whether stage drying should be performed. If the raw material moisture content exceeds the preset moisture content threshold, stage drying is performed. An appropriate drying temperature is selected based on the raw material moisture content and drying requirements. Based on the raw material moisture content and drying temperature, the required drying stage control parameters are calculated using a drying kinetics model. A first temperature range suitable for free water removal is defined based on material properties, drying stage control parameters, and drying requirements. The drying temperature is compared with the preset first temperature range. Based on the comparison results, a determination is made as to whether free water removal should be performed. If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, free water removal is performed. Equipment operating parameters such as heater power and ventilation speed are adjusted within the first temperature range to perform free water removal. A second temperature range suitable for oxidation pretreatment is defined based on material properties, drying stage control parameters, and oxidation pretreatment requirements. The drying temperature is compared with the preset second temperature range. Based on the comparison results, a determination is made as to whether oxidation pretreatment should be performed. If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, oxidation pretreatment is performed. The equipment's heater power, ventilation equipment wind speed and other operating parameters are adjusted according to the second temperature range for oxidation pretreatment. A suitable atmosphere for the main reaction section is selected based on the sulfur migration coefficient and residual sulfur content.

[0125] This solution determines the need for staged drying by comparing the moisture content of the raw material with a preset moisture threshold, thereby ensuring that the material reaches the appropriate moisture content before entering the processing stage and improving cracking efficiency. Determining the control parameters of the drying section based on the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature helps optimize the drying process, reduce energy consumption, and ensure that the material does not overheat or overdry during the drying process. By controlling the processing equipment to remove free water, the free water in the material is removed, reducing the adverse effects of moisture on the cracking reaction and improving the quality of the cracking products. By performing oxidation pretreatment, the chemical structure of the material is improved, the efficiency of the cracking reaction is increased, and the distribution and quality of the cracking products are optimized. The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined based on the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content, effectively controlling the sulfur migration coefficient, reducing the sulfur content in light oil, and improving oil quality.

[0126] Figure 3 A structural diagram of an embodiment of the present application is provided, such as Figure 3 As shown, the process control system 300 for producing light oil from waste tires in this embodiment includes: a set determination module 301 , an information acquisition module 302 , a characteristic analysis module 303 , and a quality improvement control module 304 .

[0127] A set determination module 301 is used to obtain the raw material characteristic data of the waste tires and determine the preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data; An information acquisition module 302 is used to control the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the pre-processing parameter set and obtain real-time material information after processing; The characteristic analysis module 303 is used to analyze the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics, and determine the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics; The quality improvement control module 304 is used to control the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

[0128] Optionally, when the set determination module 301 determines the preprocessing parameter set according to the raw material characteristic data, it is configured to: determining the tire sulfur content, tire metal content, and tire type based on the raw material characteristic data; Determining the crushing particle size according to the sulfur content of the tire and the tire type; Analyzing the metal content to determine the proportion of metal components; Determine the sorting strategy based on the proportion of the metal components; Determining a drying temperature based on the tire type; The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the preprocessing parameter set is generated.

[0129] Optionally, when determining the drying temperature according to the tire type, the set determination module 301 is configured to: Obtain tire raw material moisture detection data; Determining the moisture content of the raw materials according to the moisture detection data; The drying temperature is determined according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material.

[0130] Optionally, when the set determination module 301 determines the drying temperature according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material, it is configured to: Acquiring device information of the processing device; Determining the effective volume of the equipment according to the equipment information; Determining a feed rate per unit time based on the equipment information; Determining a steam generation rate according to the moisture content of the raw material and the feed rate; Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment; The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and a drying temperature is determined based on the comparison result and the tire type.

[0131] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module 303 analyzes the real-time material information and obtains material characteristics, it is used to: Analyzing the real-time material information to determine particle size distribution and bulk density; Analyzing the real-time material information to determine the residual metal content and the residual sulfur content; According to the tire type, retrieve historical cracking records; Based on the historical cracking records, determining the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity according to the residual sulfur content and the residual metal content; The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

[0132] Optionally, the real-time material information also includes real-time gas phase information. When the characteristic analysis module 303 determines the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material characteristics, it is used to: Analyzing the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product; Determining a dynamic cracking temperature according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity; The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

[0133] Optionally, the process control system for producing light oil from waste tires further includes a material processing module 305 for: analyzing the metal content to determine the metal composition; Determining a catalyst configuration according to the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index; The controlling of the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes: According to the dynamic cracking temperature, the catalyst configuration and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material.

[0134] Optionally, when determining the dynamic cracking temperature based on the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity, the characteristic analysis module 303 is configured to: Determining the desulfurization section temperature and the residence time of each desulfurization section according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content; Determining the main cracking section atmosphere and the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index; Adjusting the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the hydrocarbon content of the product to obtain the actual main cracking section temperature; According to the thermal conductivity, the actual main cracking section temperature and the desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic cracking temperature.

[0135] Optionally, when the characteristic analysis module 303 determines the dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material, and the drying temperature, it is configured to: Comparing the moisture content of the raw material with a preset moisture threshold, and determining whether to perform stage drying based on the comparison result; If stage drying is determined, the drying section control parameters are determined according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature; Determining the drying section control parameters according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps: Comparing the drying temperature with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water; If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, determining to remove free water and controlling the processing equipment to remove free water; Comparing the drying temperature with the second temperature range to determine whether to perform oxidation pretreatment; If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, determining to perform oxidation pretreatment, and controlling the processing equipment to perform oxidation pretreatment; The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content.

[0136] The system of this embodiment can be used to execute the method of any of the above embodiments. Its implementation principles and technical effects are similar and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A process control method for producing light oil from waste tires, characterized in that: include: Obtaining raw material characteristic data of waste tires, and determining a set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data; Controlling the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the preprocessing parameter set, and obtaining real-time material information after processing; Analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material properties, and determining a dynamic cracking temperature and a dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material properties; According to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Determining a set of preprocessing parameters based on the raw material characteristic data includes: determining the tire sulfur content, tire metal content, and tire type based on the raw material characteristic data; Determining the crushing particle size according to the sulfur content of the tire and the tire type; Analyzing the metal content to determine the proportion of metal components; Determine the sorting strategy based on the proportion of the metal components; Determining a drying temperature based on the tire type; The crushing particle size, the sorting strategy, and the drying temperature are determined as processing parameters, and the preprocessing parameter set is generated.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of determining the drying temperature according to the tire type includes: Obtain tire raw material moisture detection data; Determining the moisture content of the raw materials according to the moisture detection data; The drying temperature is determined according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The step of determining the drying temperature according to the tire type and the moisture content of the raw material includes: Acquiring device information of the processing device; Determining the effective volume of the equipment according to the equipment information; Determining a feed rate per unit time based on the equipment information; Determining a steam generation rate according to the moisture content of the raw material and the feed rate; Calculate the maximum steam load based on the effective volume of the equipment; The steam generation rate is compared with the maximum steam load, and a drying temperature is determined based on the comparison result and the tire type.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The analyzing the real-time material information to obtain material characteristics includes: Analyzing the real-time material information to determine particle size distribution and bulk density; Analyzing the real-time material information to determine the residual metal content and the residual sulfur content; According to the tire type, retrieve historical cracking records; Based on the historical cracking records, determining the sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity according to the residual sulfur content and the residual metal content; The sulfur migration coefficient, the metal catalytic activity index and the thermal conductivity are used as material properties.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The real-time material information also includes real-time gas phase information. The dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere are determined based on the material characteristics, including: Analyzing the real-time gas phase information to determine the hydrocarbon content of the product; Determining a dynamic cracking temperature according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity; The dynamic reaction atmosphere is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that Before controlling the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the method further includes: analyzing the metal content to determine the metal composition; Determining a catalyst configuration according to the metal composition, the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the residual metal content, and the metal catalytic activity index; The controlling of the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere includes: According to the dynamic cracking temperature, the catalyst configuration and the dynamic reaction atmosphere, the processing equipment is controlled to improve the quality of the material.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The determining of the dynamic cracking temperature according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the product hydrocarbon content, the residual metal content, the metal catalytic activity index, and the thermal conductivity includes: Determining the desulfurization section temperature and the residence time of each desulfurization section according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content; Determining the main cracking section atmosphere and the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the residual metal content and the metal catalytic activity index; Adjusting the expected temperature of the main cracking section according to the hydrocarbon content of the product to obtain the actual main cracking section temperature; According to the thermal conductivity, the actual main cracking section temperature and the desulfurization section temperature are corrected to obtain the dynamic cracking temperature.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The determining of the dynamic reaction atmosphere according to the sulfur migration coefficient, the residual sulfur content, the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes: Comparing the moisture content of the raw material with a preset moisture threshold, and determining whether to perform stage drying based on the comparison result; If stage drying is determined, the drying section control parameters are determined according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature; Determining the drying section control parameters according to the moisture content of the raw material and the drying temperature includes the following steps: Comparing the drying temperature with the first temperature range to determine whether to remove free water; If the drying temperature is within the first temperature range, determining to remove free water and controlling the processing equipment to remove free water; Comparing the drying temperature with the second temperature range to determine whether to perform oxidation pretreatment; If the drying temperature is within the second temperature range, determining to perform oxidation pretreatment, and controlling the processing equipment to perform oxidation pretreatment; The atmosphere of the main reaction section is determined according to the sulfur migration coefficient and the residual sulfur content.

10. A process control system for producing light oil from waste tires, characterized in that: The method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: A set determination module is used to obtain the raw material characteristic data of the waste tires and determine the preprocessing parameter set based on the raw material characteristic data; An information acquisition module, configured to control the processing equipment to process the waste tires according to the pre-processing parameter set and to obtain real-time material information after processing; a property analysis module, configured to analyze the real-time material information, obtain material properties, and determine the dynamic cracking temperature and dynamic reaction atmosphere based on the material properties; The physical quality control module is used to control the processing equipment to improve the material quality according to the dynamic cracking temperature and the dynamic reaction atmosphere to obtain light oil that meets the standards.

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