Air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotation drilling tool for directional drilling

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotation drilling tool for directional drilling, which comprises an outer shell and an inner shell, the outer end of the inner shell is sleeved with an anti-blocking assembly for preventing jamming in a slag discharge cavity, and the anti-blocking assembly comprises a sleeving ring sleeving the outer wall of the inner shell; a plurality of piston cavities are formed in the upper end of the interior of the sleeving ring, plunger pistons are arranged at the inner ends of the piston cavities, hydraulic supporting rods are hinged between the plunger pistons and the fixing ring, air inlet pipelines are formed in the upper ends of the piston cavities in a penetrating mode, and air outlet pipelines are formed in the lower ends of the piston cavities; the anti-clogging device has the beneficial effects that originally wasted impact return stroke energy is converted into potential energy of compressed air, then the potential energy is jetted through the nozzle to form pulse airflow, the anti-clogging function of the deslagging cavity is achieved, and closed-loop utilization and efficient conversion of energy are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of drilling equipment, in particular to an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling. Background Art

[0002] Air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill refers to directional drilling equipment that combines the air reverse circulation slag removal principle with the down-the-hole hammer impact rock breaking function and has the ability of autonomous rotation of the drill bit. It is currently widely used in coal mine gas extraction, geological exploration, tunnel advance detection and other fields.

[0003] While the reciprocating motion of the impact piston provides critical rock-breaking power during traditional down-the-hole hammer drilling operations, its energy utilization efficiency has long faced bottlenecks. Specifically, while the energy from the impact piston's downward stroke is partially used to break the rock, the mechanical energy on the return stroke is largely wasted due to the lack of an effective recovery mechanism. To address this issue, we propose a self-rotating down-the-hole hammer with air reverse circulation for directional drilling. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a self-rotating drill tool with an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling. In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a self-rotating drill tool with an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling, which solves the problem that part of the energy of the existing impact piston when it descends is used to crush rocks, while the mechanical energy during the return stroke is wasted in large quantities due to the lack of an effective recovery mechanism.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling, comprising an outer shell and an inner shell, a drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner shell, an impact piston is provided inside the inner shell, and a slag discharge chamber is formed between the outer shell and the inner shell; A fixing ring is fixedly connected to the middle part of the top of the impact piston, and an anti-blocking component for preventing obstruction in the slag discharge chamber is sleeved on the outer end of the inner shell. The anti-blocking component includes a sleeve ring sleeved on the outer wall of the inner shell, and a plurality of piston chambers are opened at the upper end of the sleeve ring. The inner end of each piston chamber is provided with a plunger piston, and a hydraulic support rod is hinged between the plunger piston and the fixing ring. An air inlet pipe is passed through the upper end of each piston chamber, and an air outlet pipe is opened at the lower end of each piston chamber. The air outlet pipe and the inner wall of the air inlet pipe are fixedly connected to a limit ring near the opening. A fixing plate is fixedly connected between the piston chamber and the inner wall of the air outlet pipe, and a telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate. The top of the telescopic rod located in the piston chamber is fixedly connected to an upper valve ball, and the top of the telescopic rod located in the air outlet pipe is fixedly connected to a lower valve ball. A return spring is fixedly connected between the lower valve ball and the upper valve ball and the fixing plate, and a plurality of nozzles communicating with the air outlet pipe are embedded at the outer end of the side wall of the sleeve ring.

[0006] Specifically, a slag inlet hole is formed through the bottom end of the drill bit and is communicated with the slag discharge cavity inside the outer shell.

[0007] Specifically, movable rectangular holes are provided at the upper and lower ends of the inner wall edge of the piston cavity, and limiting semi-rings are fixedly connected to the inner wall edge of the piston cavity.

[0008] Specifically, the air intake pipe and the nozzle are both unidirectionally conductive structures.

[0009] Specifically, the inner diameter of the limiting ring is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the upper valve ball and the lower valve ball.

[0010] Specifically, wear-resistant bearings are provided at the hinged positions at both ends of the hydraulic support rod.

[0011] Specifically, the nozzles are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve ring, and the spraying direction of the nozzles forms an inclined angle with the inner wall of the slag discharge cavity.

[0012] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The self-rotating down-the-hole hammer drill with air reverse circulation for directional drilling, described in this invention, utilizes the mechanical energy of the reciprocating motion of the impact piston to transfer its kinetic energy to the plunger piston via the hinged structure of a retaining ring and a hydraulic support rod. As the impact piston moves up and down, it drives the hydraulic support rod to reciprocate the plunger piston within the piston chamber, thereby compressing the air. This process requires no additional power source and converts the previously wasted impact return energy into the potential energy of compressed air. This is then ejected through a nozzle to form a pulsed airflow, preventing the slag discharge chamber from clogging, achieving closed-loop energy utilization and efficient conversion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling provided by the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling provided by the present invention; Figure 3 The invention provides an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling Figure 2 The middle part is a schematic diagram of the structure; Figure 4 The invention provides an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling Figure 3 A in the middle is an enlarged structural diagram; Figure 5The invention provides an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 6 The present invention provides a schematic cross-sectional view of a sleeve ring of a self-rotating drill tool for directional drilling using an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer.

[0015] In the figure: 1. outer shell; 101. slag inlet hole; 102. slag discharge chamber; 11. inner shell; 12. drill bit; 13. impact piston; 2. fixing ring; 3. anti-blocking component; 301. piston chamber; 302. movable rectangular hole; 303. air inlet pipe; 304. air outlet pipe; 31. sleeve ring; 32. plunger piston; 33. hydraulic support rod; 34. limiting half ring; 35. limiting ring; 36. fixing plate; 37. telescopic rod; 38. upper valve ball; 380. lower valve ball; 39. return spring; 310. nozzle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easier to understand, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0017] like Figures 1-6 As shown, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: Embodiment 1: A self-rotating drill tool of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling, comprising an outer shell 1 and an inner shell 11, a drill bit 12 being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner shell 11, an impact piston 13 being arranged inside the inner shell 11, a slag discharge chamber 102 being formed between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 11, a slag inlet hole 101 being penetrated at the bottom end of the drill bit 12, and being communicated with the slag discharge chamber 102 inside the outer shell 1, and the drilled waste slag will enter the slag discharge chamber 102 through the slag inlet hole 101.

[0018] During use, the drill tool is connected to the ground power head via the drill pipe, ensuring that the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 11 are firmly connected and the drill bit 12 is installed in place. The air compressor is started to deliver high-pressure air into the drill tool. The high-pressure air enters the inner shell 11 and pushes the impact piston 13 to perform high-frequency reciprocating motion. The impact piston 13 strikes the drill bit 12 as it moves downward, generating impact energy to break the rock. The broken rock cuttings enter the slag discharge chamber 102 through the slag inlet hole 101 at the bottom end of the drill bit 12. The high-pressure air forms an upward airflow between the inner shell 11 and the outer shell 1, carrying the rock cuttings to the ground.

[0019] Embodiment 2: The technical solution of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 and includes: a fixed ring 2 is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the impact piston 13, and an anti-blocking component 3 for preventing obstruction in the slag discharge chamber 102 is sleeved on the outer end of the inner shell 11. The anti-blocking component 3 includes a sleeve ring 31 sleeved on the outer wall of the inner shell 11, and a plurality of piston chambers 301 are opened at the upper end of the sleeve ring 31. The inner end of the piston chamber 301 is provided with a plunger piston 32, and a hydraulic support rod 33 is hinged between the plunger piston 32 and the fixed ring 2. An air inlet pipe 303 is opened through the upper end of the piston chamber 301. An air outlet pipe 304 is provided at the lower end of the cavity 301. A limit ring 35 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 304 and the air inlet pipe 303 near the opening. A fixing plate 36 is fixedly connected between the piston cavity 301 and the inner wall of the air outlet pipe 304. A telescopic rod 37 is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate 36. An upper valve ball 38 is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod 37 located in the piston cavity 301. A lower valve ball 380 is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod 37 located in the air outlet pipe 304. A return spring is fixedly connected between the lower valve ball 380 and the upper valve ball 38 and the fixing plate 36. 39. Several nozzles 310 communicating with the air outlet pipe 304 are embedded at the outer ends of the side walls of the sleeve ring 31. Movable rectangular holes 302 are opened at the upper and lower ends of the inner wall edge of the piston chamber 301. The inner wall edge of the piston chamber 301 is fixedly connected with a limiting semi-ring 34. The air inlet pipe 303 and the nozzle 310 are both unidirectional conductive structures. The inner diameter of the limiting ring 35 is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the upper valve ball 38 and the lower valve ball 380. Wear-resistant bearings are provided at the hinged ends of the hydraulic support rod 33. The nozzles 310 are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve ring 31, and the spraying direction of the nozzles 310 is consistent with the slag discharge direction. The inner wall of the cavity 102 forms an inclined angle. When the hydraulic support rod 33 moves up and down, the movable rectangular hole 302 can provide rotation space, and the limiting half ring 34 can block and limit the plunger piston 32. The intake pipe 303 and the nozzle 310 of the one-way conductive structure can prevent gas backflow. The cooperation of the limiting ring 35 and the upper valve ball 38 and the lower valve ball 380 can close the gas flow. The hinges at both ends of the hydraulic support rod 33 are provided with wear-resistant bearings to reduce mechanical wear at the hinges, and the nozzle 310 set at an inclined angle can avoid direct impact on the wall.

[0020] When in use, when the impact piston 13 reciprocates, it drives the fixed ring 2 to move up and down synchronously, and drives the plunger piston 32 to reciprocate in the piston cavity 301 through the hydraulic support rod 33, thereby realizing the recovery of impact energy; Inhalation stage: When the plunger piston 32 moves upward, the pressure in the piston chamber 301 decreases, the upper valve ball 38 is sucked in to open the air inlet pipe 303, and the outside air enters the piston chamber 301. The lower valve ball 380 closes the air outlet pipe 304 under the action of the return spring 39; Jet stage: When the plunger piston 32 moves downward, the pressure in the piston chamber 301 increases, the upper valve ball 38 closes the air inlet pipe 303, and the lower valve ball 380 is pushed open. The compressed air is then sprayed obliquely from the nozzle 310 into the slag discharge chamber 102 through the air outlet pipe 304, forming an impact airflow to remove rock debris from the inner wall.

[0021] The basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention are shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments. The above-described embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Various changes and modifications may be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Such changes and modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A self-rotating drill tool of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling, comprising an outer shell (1) and an inner shell (11), wherein a drill bit (12) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inner shell (11), an impact piston (13) is provided inside the inner shell (11), and a slag discharge chamber (102) is formed between the outer shell (1) and the inner shell (11); Its characteristics are: A fixing ring (2) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top of the impact piston (13); an anti-blocking component (3) for preventing obstruction in the slag discharge chamber (102) is sleeved on the outer end of the inner shell (11); the anti-blocking component (3) comprises a sleeve ring (31) sleeved on the outer wall of the inner shell (11); a plurality of piston chambers (301) are provided at the upper end of the sleeve ring (31); a plunger piston (32) is provided at the inner end of each piston chamber (301); a hydraulic support rod (33) is hinged between the plunger piston (32) and the fixing ring (2); an air inlet pipe (303) is provided through the upper end of each piston chamber (301); an air outlet pipe (304) is provided at the lower end of each piston chamber (301); and the air outlet pipe (304) and the inlet pipe (304) are connected to each other. A limiting ring (35) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the air pipe (303) near the opening, a fixing plate (36) is fixedly connected between the piston chamber (301) and the inner wall of the air outlet pipe (304), a telescopic rod (37) is fixedly connected to the top of the fixing plate (36), an upper valve ball (38) is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod (37) located in the piston chamber (301), a lower valve ball (380) is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod (37) located in the air outlet pipe (304), a return spring (39) is fixedly connected between the lower valve ball (380) and the upper valve ball (38) and the fixing plate (36), and a plurality of nozzles (310) communicating with the air outlet pipe (304) are embedded at the outer end of the side wall of the sleeve ring (31).

2. The self-rotating drill tool of the air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom end of each drill bit (12) is provided with a slag inlet hole (101) which is in communication with the slag discharge cavity (102) inside the outer shell (1).

3. The self-rotating drill tool of the air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Movable rectangular holes (302) are provided at the upper and lower ends of the inner wall edge of the piston cavity (301), and a limiting semi-ring (34) is fixedly connected to the inner wall edge of the piston cavity (301).

4. The self-rotating drill tool of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air intake pipe (303) and the nozzle (310) both have a unidirectional conduction structure.

5. The self-rotating drill tool of the air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the limiting ring (35) is smaller than the maximum outer diameter of the upper valve ball (38) and the lower valve ball (380).

6. The self-rotating drill tool of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: Wear-resistant bearings are provided at the hinged locations at both ends of the hydraulic support rod (33).

7. The self-rotating drill tool of an air reverse circulation down-the-hole hammer for directional drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nozzles (310) are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the sleeve ring (31), and the spraying direction of the nozzles (310) forms an inclined angle with the inner wall of the slag discharge chamber (102).

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