High-strength aluminum alloy drill rod
By adopting high-strength aluminum alloy materials and multi-stage sealing design, the problems of excessive weight and poor corrosion resistance of the drill pipe are solved, and efficient sealing and vibration reduction effects are achieved in complex formations, extending the service life and reducing transportation and maintenance costs.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202511067024.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing drill pipe materials have excessive weight, poor corrosion resistance, short lifespan, insufficient fatigue strength, high safety risks, and excessive thermal conductivity, which affect operational stability.
It adopts high-strength aluminum alloy material, combined with multi-stage sealing design and special material layers, including damping layer, anti-corrosion layer, rubber shock-absorbing pad, etc., through threaded connection and friction dissipation, etc., to enhance the corrosion resistance, vibration reduction and sealing performance.
It achieves efficient sealing in complex formations, reduces wear and corrosion, extends service life, reduces transportation and maintenance costs, and improves operational safety and stability.
Smart Images
Figure CN120684104A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological exploration and petroleum drilling equipment, in particular to a high-strength aluminum alloy drill rod. Background Art
[0002] In geological exploration, oil and gas extraction, and mining drilling, the drill pipe is a core component that transmits torque, transports drilling fluid, and drives the drill bit to break rock. Its performance directly determines operational efficiency, safety, and cost control. Traditional drill pipes are primarily made of high-strength steel. While this meets basic strength requirements, they have significant limitations in practical applications. Aluminum alloy drill pipes have been attempted to replace steel in existing technologies, but they suffer from key flaws: ordinary aluminum alloys lack tensile strength and cannot withstand high-pressure and high-torque conditions. Furthermore, most connections utilize traditional threaded designs, which are prone to loosening under alternating loads and have poor sealing performance, making them difficult to adapt to operations in complex formations. Developing an aluminum alloy drill pipe that combines high strength, lightweight, corrosion resistance, and reliable connections is key to resolving the current bottleneck in drill pipe technology.
[0003] Steel drill pipes have a high density and a high weight per piece, which requires special equipment for transportation and lifting, increasing manpower and material resources. At the same time, the axial pressure generated by the deadweight of the drill pipe column during deep well operations can easily cause buckling deformation, limiting the drilling depth. The drilling environment is often accompanied by corrosive media such as hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, and brine. Steel drill pipes are prone to electrochemical corrosion, with a rust layer forming on the surface and gradually expanding inward, resulting in thinning of the wall thickness, decreased strength, and a short service life. Frequent replacement is required, and maintenance costs account for a high proportion of the total equipment investment. The drill pipe is subjected to cyclic torque, axial load, and vibration impact during operation. The fatigue resistance of steel is limited. After long-term use, cracks are easily generated in stress concentration areas such as joint threads and rod welds, which may cause drill pipe breakage, drill sticking, and other accidents, resulting in huge economic losses. The deep drilling environment has a high temperature, and the steel drill pipe has a high thermal conductivity, which can easily transfer formation heat to the drill bit, resulting in a decrease in drilling fluid viscosity, weakened lubrication performance, and accelerated drill bit wear. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe to solve the problems raised in the above background technology, such as excessive weight, high operating cost, poor corrosion resistance, short life, insufficient fatigue strength, high safety risk, excessive thermal conductivity, and impact on operating stability.
[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-strength aluminum alloy drill rod, comprising a rod body, a female joint fixed to one side of the rod body, a threaded hole formed on the side surface of the female joint, a male joint fixedly connected to the other side of the rod body, a rubber shock-absorbing pad movably mounted on the bottom of the male joint, a sealing head threadedly connected to the female joint, and a male joint threadedly connected to the female joint. The device concentrates the sealing, buffering and connecting functions on the rod body through the threaded connection, making the rod body more functional and having a wider range of applications.
[0006] Further preferably, a damping layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rod body, and an anti-corrosion layer is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the damping layer. The anti-corrosion layer can effectively prevent corrosion penetration, and the damping layer produces shear deformation during vibration, consuming energy. The guide groove is opened on the outer wall of the rod body to discharge mud, water and debris during the downward process of the drill rod, so that the drill bit will not be stuck by gravel, reducing losses and lowering costs.
[0007] Further preferably, the outer wall of the sealing head is fixedly connected with a flange, the flange is threadedly connected with bolts, the bolts are matched with threaded holes, the outer wall of the sealing head is fixedly connected with an aluminum alloy bellows, and a titanium alloy damping ring is movably installed on the outside of the aluminum alloy bellows. The flange on the sealing head and the threaded hole on the rod body are matched, and the sealing effect is achieved by bolt connection and fixing. The bellows compensates for the thermal expansion and contraction of the drill rod to avoid stress concentration on the sealing surface. During vibration, the bellows elastically deforms to absorb energy, and the serrated surface of the damping ring generates heat through friction, which has the dual effect of reducing the vibration amplitude.
[0008] Further preferably, a conical sealing ring is movably connected inside the sealing head, an elastic damping layer is fixedly connected to the outside of the conical sealing ring, a copper-based friction plate is fixedly connected inside the elastic damping layer, the conical sealing ring is directly connected to the rod body to ensure the sealing of the connection, the elastic damping layer is made of rubber, the elastic damping layer absorbs axial vibration, and the copper-based friction plate dissipates energy by generating heat through friction.
[0009] Further preferably, the female joint on one side of the buffer head is adapted to the male joint on one side of the rod body, and a nut sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the female joint on one side of the buffer head, which can tightly connect the buffer head and the rod body, and the nut sleeve is for easy installation.
[0010] Further preferably, a spring is fixedly connected to one side of the nut sleeve, a conical sealing ring is fixedly connected to the other side of the spring, and a fixing retaining ring is fixedly installed on one side of the nut sleeve. The spring in the buffer head can eliminate part of the vibration transmitted to the rod body, effectively reducing the shaking of the entire rod. The conical sealing ring installed in the buffer head can maintain a seal with the next connected part, and the fixing retaining ring is to limit the area connected to the spring from being separated too far, causing spring failure.
[0011] Further preferably, the inner wall of the anti-corrosion layer is movably connected to an annular airbag, and the outer wall of the rod is provided with a guide groove, so that the drilling fluid contacts the annular airbag to reduce the degree of deformation of the rod body. If the annular airbag is damaged, the drilling fluid directly contacts the anti-corrosion layer, and the anti-corrosion layer can avoid corroding other parts.
[0012] Further preferably, the outer wall of the spring is movably connected to a rubber buffer pad, the spring plays a major role in mitigating impact, and the rubber buffer pad absorbs a small part of the impact, thereby minimizing the transmitted vibration.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0014] 1. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe has a multi-stage sealing design combined with special materials, which can resist the erosion of complex media containing solid particles, reduce the wear of drilling fluid on the sealing surface, and adapt to various drilling environments;
[0015] 2. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe has multiple structures that dissipate energy in a coordinated manner. Through rubber deformation, spring compression, friction dissipation, etc., it effectively suppresses vibrations and impacts of different frequencies and amplitudes, preventing the drill pipe from breaking due to severe shaking.
[0016] 3. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe has surface treatment and coating technology to enhance its corrosion resistance and wear resistance, reduce the damage to the drill pipe caused by drilling fluid corrosion and particle wear, and extend its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;
[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the sealing head of the present invention;
[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the buffer head of the present invention;
[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the rod body of the present invention.
[0021] In the figure: 1. Rod body; 2. Female joint; 3. Threaded hole; 4. Male joint; 5. Rubber buffer pad; 6. Sealing head; 7. Buffer head; 8. Flange; 9. Bolt; 10. Conical sealing ring; 11. Nut sleeve; 12. Spring; 13. Fixing ring; 14. Titanium alloy damping ring; 15. Annular airbag; 16. Damping layer; 17. Aluminum alloy bellows; 18. Anti-corrosion layer; 19. Elastic damping layer; 20. Copper-based friction plate; 21. Rubber shock-absorbing pad; 22. Guide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] See also Figure 1-Figure 4 The present invention provides a technical solution: a high-strength aluminum alloy drill rod, including a rod body 1. The rod body 1 uses high-strength aluminum alloy to reduce weight while improving workpiece strength, has strong corrosion resistance, excellent processability, and is easy to form and assemble. A female joint 2 is fixedly connected to one side of the rod body 1. The female joint 2 uses alloy steel such as 42CrMo with high strength and high toughness, and can withstand large torque and axial load. A threaded hole 3 is provided on the side surface of the female joint 2. A male joint 4 is fixedly connected to the other side of the rod body 1. The male joint 4 is made of alloy steel. A rubber shock-absorbing pad 21 is movably installed at the bottom of the male joint 4. The rubber shock-absorbing pad 21 is made of NBR material and has good shock-absorbing effect. It is suitable for multiple working conditions. The female joint 2 is threadedly connected to a sealing head 6. The sealing head 6 is made of stainless steel, has strong corrosion resistance, high strength, a smooth surface, and is easy to process the sealing surface. The male joint 4 is threadedly connected to a buffer head 7. The buffer head 7 is made of cast iron, has excellent shock-absorbing performance and low cost.
[0024] A damping layer 16 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the rod body 1. The damping layer 16 is made of viscoelastic material and can consume vibration energy through internal friction. An anti-corrosion layer 18 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the damping layer 16. The anti-corrosion layer 18 is made of a chromium-free passivation film, which is environmentally friendly, non-toxic, and has strong corrosion resistance.
[0025] The outer wall of the sealing head 6 is fixedly connected with a flange 8, which is made of high-strength carbon steel with high strength and low cost. The flange 8 is threadedly connected with a bolt 9, which is made of stainless steel and is corrosion-resistant and suitable for humid environments. The bolt 9 cooperates with the threaded hole 3. The outer wall of the sealing head 6 is fixedly connected with an aluminum alloy bellows 21, and a titanium alloy damping ring 22 is movably installed on the outside of the aluminum alloy bellows 21.
[0026] A conical sealing ring 10 is fixedly connected inside the sealing head 6. The conical sealing ring 10 is made of copper alloy and can easily fill the gap in the sealing surface. An elastic damping layer 19 is fixedly connected to the outside of the conical sealing ring 10. The elastic damping layer 19 is made of a metal-rubber composite material, which takes into account both strength and shock absorption effects. A copper-based friction plate 20 is fixedly connected inside the elastic damping layer 19. The copper-based friction plate 20 uses a copper alloy matrix and a friction regulator, has good thermal conductivity, and is resistant to high temperatures without failure.
[0027] The female connector 2 on one side of the buffer head 7 is matched with the male connector 4 on one side of the rod body 1 , and a nut sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the female connector 2 on one side of the buffer head 7 .
[0028] One side of the female sleeve 11 is fixedly connected to a spring 12. The spring 12 is made of titanium alloy, which is corrosion-resistant and lightweight. The other side of the spring 12 is fixedly connected to a conical sealing ring 10. One side of the nut sleeve 11 is fixedly installed with a fixing buckle 13. The fixing buckle 13 is made of stainless steel, which is corrosion-resistant and lightweight.
[0029] The inner wall of the anti-corrosion layer 18 is movably connected with an annular airbag 15 , which is made of fluororubber to resist chemical corrosion. A guide groove 22 is opened on the outer wall of the rod body 1 .
[0030] The outer wall of the spring 12 or the movable connection is provided with a rubber buffer pad 5
[0031] Working principle: Threaded connection of the sealing head 6 and the rod body 1, the male joint 4 of the rod body 1 is connected to the female joint 2 of the sealing head 6, the female joint 2 of the rod body 1 is threadedly connected to the male joint 4 of the buffer head 7, the flange 8 and the threaded hole 3 are connected with bolts 9, the conical sealing ring 10 is installed in the sealing head 6 and the buffer head 7, the aluminum alloy bellows 17 and the titanium alloy damping ring 14 are fixed, the copper-based friction plate 20 is installed in the elastic damping layer 19, and the elastic damping layer 19 is fixed to the conical sealing ring 10 to keep it sealed.
[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, rather than to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in this field do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims
1. A high-strength aluminum alloy drill rod, comprising a rod body (1) characterized by: One side of the rod body (1) is fixedly connected to a female joint (2), a threaded hole (3) is provided on the side surface of the female joint (2), and the other side of the rod body (1) is fixedly connected to a male joint (4), a rubber shock-absorbing pad (21) is movably mounted on the bottom of the male joint (4), the female joint (2) is threadedly connected to a sealing head (6), and the male joint (4) is threadedly connected to a buffer head (7).
2. A high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the rod body (1) is fixedly connected to a damping layer (16), and the inner wall of the damping layer (16) is fixedly connected to an anti-corrosion layer (18).
3. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the sealing head (6) is fixedly connected to a flange (8), the flange (8) is threadedly connected to a bolt (9), the bolt (9) cooperates with the threaded hole (3), the outer wall of the sealing head (6) is fixedly connected to an aluminum alloy bellows (17), and a titanium alloy damping ring (14) is movably installed on the outer side of the aluminum alloy bellows (17).
4. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 3, characterized in that: A conical sealing ring (10) is fixedly connected inside the sealing head (6), an elastic damping layer (19) is fixedly connected outside the conical sealing ring (10), and a copper-based friction plate (20) is fixedly connected inside the elastic damping layer (19).
5. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 4, characterized in that: The female joint (2) on one side of the buffer head (7) is adapted to the male joint (4) on one side of the rod body (1), and a nut sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the female joint (2) on one side of the buffer head (7).
6. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 5, characterized in that: One side of the nut sleeve (11) is fixedly connected to a spring (12), the other side of the spring (12) is fixedly connected to a conical sealing ring (10), and one side of the nut sleeve (11) is fixedly mounted with a fixing ring (13).
7. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner wall of the anti-corrosion layer (18) is movably connected to an annular air bag (15), and the outer wall of the rod body (1) is provided with a guide groove (22).
8. The high-strength aluminum alloy drill pipe according to claim 7, characterized in that: The outer wall of the spring (12) is or is movably connected with a rubber buffer pad (5).