Quarrying box, slag stone transportation system and heading machine

Abstract

The invention provides a quarrying box, a stone slag transportation system and a tunneling machine, and belongs to the technical field of tunneling equipment. The quarrying box comprises a box body, a screening and conveying mechanism for intercepting and conveying large stones is arranged in the box body, a stone storage box is connected to the position, corresponding to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism, of the box body, a slag discharging door is installed on the stone storage box, and a gate capable of controlling opening and closing of a stone falling channel is installed in the middle or on the upper portion of the stone storage box. When large stones are normally stored in the stone storage box, the gate is in an open state, and the slag discharge door is in a closed state; when large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in a closed state, the slag discharging door is in an open state, and a temporary stone storage space is formed by the space from the position above the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism. Large stones can be discharged without shutdown, meanwhile, compared with the prior art, two quarrying boxes do not need to be arranged, the structural arrangement is simplified, the occupied space of the quarrying boxes is reduced, only the gate and the slag discharging door need to be controlled, and control is easier.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a quarrying box, a slag transport system and a tunnel boring machine, belonging to the technical field of tunnel boring equipment. Background Art

[0002] In a slurry shield, sometimes there will be a situation where the stratum contains a lot of stones. For small-sized stones, they can be discharged out of the hole along with the mud circulation system, but for large-sized stones, it is easy to cause pipe blockage and pump jamming. In order to solve this problem, a quarrying box is generally set in front of the slurry pump to filter and screen large-sized stones.

[0003] For example, the Chinese utility model patent with authorization announcement number CN208845177U discloses a new type of quarrying box for a slurry shield machine. The quarrying box includes a box body, which is connected to a slurry discharge section and a stone storage box (i.e., a stone storage box). The box body is provided with a filter drum, which includes a grid screen drum (i.e., a screen mesh) and a slag discharge mechanism connected to the grid screen drum. The slag discharge mechanism is located above the stone storage box, and the grid screen drum is located above the slurry discharge section. The grid screen drum is provided with a spiral slag conveying mechanism. When in use, slurry containing large-particle slag enters the grid screen drum from the slurry inlet for separation, and the slag with higher density is guided toward the slag discharge mechanism by the spiral slag conveying mechanism. During the transportation, the slag with smaller particle size will pass through the sieve holes on the grid screen drum and enter the slurry discharge section. The small particle size slag and slurry will be sent out of the quarrying box through the slurry discharge section. The large particle size slag will continue to be guided to the slag discharge mechanism and finally fall into the stone containing box. When the stones in the stone containing box accumulate to a certain amount, the slag discharge door will be opened and the stones accumulated in the box will be taken out.

[0004] While the aforementioned quarrying box can intercept and store large-diameter rocks, it requires downtime to discharge these rocks, impacting tunneling efficiency. In response, Chinese invention patent application publication number CN116464470A discloses a quarrying device. In one technical solution, the quarrying device includes a main slurry discharge pipe and a bypass pipe, each of which is equipped with a filter screen. A rockfall pipe and a rock storage box are connected to the filter screen, respectively. During operation, one of the pipes is used for slurry discharge. When the slag in the rock storage box connected to that pipe accumulates to a certain height, the other pipe is switched to discharge slurry, allowing the slag in the rock storage box to be cleared without stopping the machine.

[0005] If the technical concept disclosed in CN116464470A is applied to CN208845177U, two parallel quarrying boxes would be set up, and the two quarrying boxes would work alternately. When one quarrying box is full of rocks, the other quarrying box is activated to clear the rocks in the first quarrying box. However, this solution results in a very complex structure for the slag and rock transportation system, and the two quarrying boxes occupy more space. At the same time, the two quarrying boxes require four gates, which requires a large number of gates to be controlled, and the control system is complex. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a quarrying box to solve the problems in the prior art of using two parallel quarrying boxes to achieve non-stop stone cleaning, which leads to a complex structure, a large space occupied by the two quarrying boxes, and complex control due to the large number of gates; the object of the present invention is also to provide a slag and stone transportation system and a tunnel boring machine to solve the above problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above purpose, the quarrying box in the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A quarrying box comprises a box body, wherein a screening and conveying mechanism for intercepting and conveying large stones in mud and allowing small stones to pass through is provided in the box body, a stone storage box for receiving large stones is connected to a position on the box body corresponding to the tail end of the screening and conveying mechanism, an openable and closable slag discharge door is installed on the stone storage box, a conveying device for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, and a gate that can control the opening and closing of the rockfall channel in the stone storage box is installed in the middle or upper part of the stone storage box; when the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate is in an open state and the slag discharge door is in a closed state; when the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in a closed state and the slag discharge door is in an open state, and the space above the gate to the tail end of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space.

[0009] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the present invention is an improved invention, a conveying device for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, and a gate capable of controlling the opening and closing of the stone drop channel in the stone storage box is installed at the middle or upper part of the stone storage box. When the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate is in an open state, so that the large stones conveyed by the screening and conveying mechanism can fall into the stone storage box, and the slag discharge door is in a closed state, so that the quarrying box can maintain pressure, avoid mud leakage from the slag discharge door, and ensure the normal operation of the mud circulation system. When the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in a closed state to realize the pressure maintenance function, and the slag discharge door is in an open state to facilitate the discharge of large stones. At the same time, the space above the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space, so that the large stones can be discharged without stopping the machine. Because the bottom of the stone storage box is provided with a conveying device, large stones can be automatically conveyed toward the slag discharge door. After the large stones are discharged, the gate is opened and the slag discharge door is closed to receive the large stones normally. At the same time, because the stone discharge efficiency of the conveying device is relatively high, the temporary stone storage space does not need to be set too large to meet the needs of temporarily storing large stones. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention does not need to set up two stone quarrying boxes, simplifies the structural setting, and also reduces the space occupied by the stone quarrying box. In addition, only two doors, the gate and the slag discharge door, need to be controlled, which reduces the number of doors to be controlled and makes control simpler.

[0010] Furthermore, the conveying direction of the conveying device is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism is defined as from front to back, and the conveying direction of the conveying device is defined as from left to right. The slag discharge door is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the stone storage box, the left end of the conveying device is aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism, and the right side wall of the stone storage box gradually tilts to the right from top to bottom.

[0012] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a stone-discharging rotating shaft and a stone-discharging spiral blade fixed on the stone-discharging rotating shaft.

[0013] Furthermore, a first sensor for detecting the stock of small stones is installed in the slurry discharge section connected to the box body, and a second sensor for detecting the stock of large stones is installed in the stone storage box. The quarrying box also includes a control system for automatically controlling the conveying speed of the screening and conveying mechanism and the conveying device according to the detection data of the first sensor and the second sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screening shaft and a screening spiral blade fixed on the screening shaft, and the conveying device includes a stone discharge shaft and a stone discharge spiral blade fixed on the stone discharge shaft. The speed of the screening shaft is defined as V1, the small stone stock is Q1, and the maximum stone storage capacity of the slurry discharge section is Q 1maxThe speed of the stone discharge shaft is V2, the amount of large stones is Q2, and the maximum amount of stones stored in the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k1 is the screening efficiency coefficient and 0<k1<1, k2 is the stone removal efficiency coefficient and 0<k2<1, V 1max is the maximum speed of the screening shaft, V 2max It is the maximum speed of the stone discharge shaft.

[0015] Furthermore, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screen, which is semi-cylindrical to form an upward opening. A feed box is provided at the top of the box body and at a position corresponding to the head of the screening and conveying mechanism. The feed box has an interface facing the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism for connecting to the slurry inlet pipe. The feed box also has a buffer wall arranged opposite to the interface for the incoming slurry to impact and thereby buffer the slurry.

[0016] Furthermore, the buffer wall is arranged obliquely from bottom to top toward the direction close to the interface.

[0017] To achieve the above objectives, the slag and rock transportation system of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0018] A slag and stone transportation system includes a quarrying box, which includes a box body. The box body is provided with a screening and conveying mechanism for intercepting and conveying large stones in the mud while allowing small stones to pass through. A stone storage box for receiving large stones is connected to a position on the box body corresponding to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism. The stone storage box is provided with an openable and closable slag discharge door. The bottom of the stone storage box is provided with a conveying device for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door. A gate that can control the opening and closing of the rockfall channel in the stone storage box is installed in the middle or upper part of the stone storage box. When the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate The gate is in the open state and the slag discharge door is in the closed state; when the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in the closed state and the slag discharge door is in the open state, and the space from the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space; the slag stone transportation system also includes a slag stone transfer device for being arranged on the rear supporting trailer, and the slag stone transportation system also includes a slag stone basket for receiving the large stones discharged by the quarrying box and a material truck that can travel in and out of the tunnel, the slag stone transfer device is used to lift the slag stone basket carrying large stones to the material truck, and the material truck is used to transport the large stones out of the hole.

[0019] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the present invention is an improved invention, a conveying device for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, and a gate capable of controlling the opening and closing of the stone drop channel in the stone storage box is installed at the middle or upper part of the stone storage box. When the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate is in an open state, so that the large stones conveyed by the screening and conveying mechanism can fall into the stone storage box, and the slag discharge door is in a closed state, so that the quarrying box can maintain pressure, avoid mud leakage from the slag discharge door, and ensure the normal operation of the mud circulation system. When the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in a closed state to realize the pressure maintenance function, and the slag discharge door is in an open state to facilitate the discharge of large stones. At the same time, the space above the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space, so that the large stones can be discharged without stopping the machine. Since a conveying device is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, large stones can be automatically transported toward the slag discharge door. After the large stones are discharged, the gate is opened and the slag discharge door is closed to receive the large stones normally. At the same time, since the stone discharge efficiency of the conveying device is relatively high, the temporary stone storage space does not need to be set too large to meet the needs of temporary storage of large stones.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention eliminates the need for two quarrying boxes, simplifying the structural setup and reducing the space occupied by the quarrying boxes. Furthermore, only two doors, the gate and the slag discharge door, need to be controlled, reducing the number of doors required and making control simpler. Furthermore, the slag transport system also includes a slag transfer device, a slag basket, and a material vehicle. The slag basket is convenient for receiving large rocks discharged from the quarrying box, and the slag transfer device facilitates transferring the slag basket containing the large rocks to the material vehicle. Finally, the material vehicle transports the large rocks out of the cave, ensuring efficient rock removal.

[0021] Furthermore, the conveying direction of the conveying device is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism.

[0022] Furthermore, the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism is defined as from front to back, and the conveying direction of the conveying device is defined as from left to right. The slag discharge door is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the stone storage box, the left end of the conveying device is aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism, and the right side wall of the stone storage box gradually tilts to the right from top to bottom.

[0023] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a stone-discharging rotating shaft and a stone-discharging spiral blade fixed on the stone-discharging rotating shaft.

[0024] Furthermore, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screen, which is semi-cylindrical to form an upward opening. A feed box is provided at the top of the box body and at a position corresponding to the head of the screening and conveying mechanism. The feed box has an interface facing the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism for connecting to the slurry inlet pipe. The feed box also has a buffer wall arranged opposite to the interface for the incoming slurry to impact and thereby buffer the slurry.

[0025] Furthermore, the buffer wall is arranged obliquely from bottom to top toward the direction close to the interface.

[0026] Furthermore, a first sensor for detecting the stock of small stones is installed in the slurry discharge section connected to the box body of the quarrying box, and a second sensor for detecting the stock of large stones is installed in the stone storage box. The quarrying box also includes a control system for automatically controlling the conveying speed of the screening and conveying mechanism and the conveying device according to the detection data of the first sensor and the second sensor.

[0027] Furthermore, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screening shaft and a screening spiral blade fixed on the screening shaft, and the conveying device includes a stone discharge shaft and a stone discharge spiral blade fixed on the stone discharge shaft. The speed of the screening shaft is defined as V1, the small stone stock is Q1, and the maximum stone storage capacity of the slurry discharge section is Q 1max The speed of the stone discharge shaft is V2, the amount of large stones is Q2, and the maximum amount of stones stored in the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k1 is the screening efficiency coefficient and 0<k1<1, k2 is the stone removal efficiency coefficient and 0<k2<1, V 1max is the maximum speed of the screening shaft, V 2max It is the maximum speed of the stone discharge shaft.

[0028] Furthermore, the number of slag and rock transfer devices is defined as n, the small rock stock is defined as Q1, and the maximum rock stock in the slurry discharge section is defined as Q 1max , the stock of large stones is Q2, and the maximum stock of the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k3 is the transportation adjustment coefficient and 0<k3<1, and when n is a decimal, it is rounded to the integer.

[0029] To achieve the above objectives, the tunnel boring machine of the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0030] A roadheader comprises a main engine, a rear supporting trailer and a slag transport system, the slag transport system comprises a quarrying box, the quarrying box comprises a box body, a screening and conveying mechanism for intercepting and conveying large stones in the mud while allowing small stones to pass through is provided in the box body, a stone storage box for receiving large stones is connected to a position corresponding to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism on the box body, an openable and closable slag discharge door is installed on the stone storage box, a conveying device for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, a gate for controlling the opening and closing of the rockfall channel in the stone storage box is installed in the middle or upper part of the stone storage box; When receiving large stones, the gate is in the open state and the slag discharge door is in the closed state; when the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in the closed state and the slag discharge door is in the open state, and the space from the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space; the slag stone transportation system also includes a slag stone transfer device for being arranged on the rear supporting trailer, and the slag stone transportation system also includes a slag stone basket for receiving large stones discharged from the quarrying box and a material truck that can travel in and out of the tunnel, the slag stone transfer device is used to lift the slag stone basket carrying large stones to the material truck, and the material truck is used to transport the large stones out of the hole.

[0031] The beneficial effect of the above technical solution is that: the present invention is an improved invention, a conveying device for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, and a gate capable of controlling the opening and closing of the stone drop channel in the stone storage box is installed at the middle or upper part of the stone storage box. When the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate is in an open state, so that the large stones conveyed by the screening and conveying mechanism can fall into the stone storage box, and the slag discharge door is in a closed state, so that the quarrying box can maintain pressure, avoid mud leakage from the slag discharge door, and ensure the normal operation of the mud circulation system. When the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in a closed state to realize the pressure maintenance function, and the slag discharge door is in an open state to facilitate the discharge of large stones. At the same time, the space above the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space, so that the large stones can be discharged without stopping the machine. Since a conveying device is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box, large stones can be automatically transported toward the slag discharge door. After the large stones are discharged, the gate is opened and the slag discharge door is closed to receive the large stones normally. At the same time, since the stone discharge efficiency of the conveying device is relatively high, the temporary stone storage space does not need to be set too large to meet the needs of temporary storage of large stones.

[0032] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention eliminates the need for two quarrying boxes, simplifying the structural setup and reducing the space occupied by the quarrying boxes. Furthermore, only two doors, the gate and the slag discharge door, need to be controlled, reducing the number of doors required and making control simpler. Furthermore, the slag transport system also includes a slag transfer device, a slag basket, and a material vehicle. The slag basket is convenient for receiving large rocks discharged from the quarrying box, and the slag transfer device facilitates transferring the slag basket containing the large rocks to the material vehicle. Finally, the material vehicle transports the large rocks out of the cave, ensuring efficient rock removal.

[0033] Furthermore, the conveying direction of the conveying device is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism.

[0034] Furthermore, the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism is defined as from front to back, and the conveying direction of the conveying device is defined as from left to right. The slag discharge door is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the stone storage box, the left end of the conveying device is aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism, and the right side wall of the stone storage box gradually tilts to the right from top to bottom.

[0035] Furthermore, the conveying device includes a stone-discharging rotating shaft and a stone-discharging spiral blade fixed on the stone-discharging rotating shaft.

[0036] Furthermore, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screen, which is semi-cylindrical to form an upward opening. A feed box is provided at the top of the box body and at a position corresponding to the head of the screening and conveying mechanism. The feed box has an interface facing the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism for connecting to the slurry inlet pipe. The feed box also has a buffer wall arranged opposite to the interface for the incoming slurry to impact and thereby buffer the slurry.

[0037] Furthermore, the buffer wall is arranged obliquely from bottom to top toward the direction close to the interface.

[0038] Furthermore, a first sensor for detecting the stock of small stones is installed in the slurry discharge section connected to the box body of the quarrying box, and a second sensor for detecting the stock of large stones is installed in the stone storage box. The quarrying box also includes a control system for automatically controlling the conveying speed of the screening and conveying mechanism and the conveying device according to the detection data of the first sensor and the second sensor.

[0039] Furthermore, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screening shaft and a screening spiral blade fixed on the screening shaft, and the conveying device includes a stone discharge shaft and a stone discharge spiral blade fixed on the stone discharge shaft. The speed of the screening shaft is defined as V1, the small stone stock is Q1, and the maximum stone storage capacity of the slurry discharge section is Q 1max The speed of the stone discharge shaft is V2, the amount of large stones is Q2, and the maximum amount of stones stored in the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k1 is the screening efficiency coefficient and 0<k1<1, k2 is the stone removal efficiency coefficient and 0<k2<1, V 1max is the maximum speed of the screening shaft, V 2max It is the maximum speed of the stone discharge shaft.

[0040] Furthermore, the number of slag and rock transfer devices is defined as n, the small rock stock is defined as Q1, and the maximum rock stock in the slurry discharge section is defined as Q 1max , the stock of large stones is Q2, and the maximum stock of the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k3 is the transportation adjustment coefficient and 0<k3<1, and when n is a decimal, it is rounded to the integer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the quarrying box in Example 1 of the slag transport system of the present invention (the slag basket is not shown);

[0042] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA section view in (showing the slag basket);

[0043] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the crane beam, crane, slag basket, and material vehicle in Example 1 of the slag transport system of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of Example 1 of the slag and rock transportation system of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the quarrying box in Example 2 of the slag and stone transportation system of the present invention.

[0046] In the figure: 1. Box body; 1-1. Feed box; 1-1-1. Interface; 1-1-2. Buffer wall; 2. Slurry discharge section; 3. Screening shaft; 4. Screening spiral blade; 5. Screen; 6. Gate; 7. Stone storage box; 7-1. Arc-shaped bottom wall; 7-2. Inclined plate; 8. Conveying device; 8-1. Stone discharge shaft; 8-2. Stone discharge spiral blade; 9. Slag discharge door; 10. Slag basket; 11. Crane beam; 12. First crane; 13. Second crane; 14. Slurry inlet pipe; 15. First sensor; 16. Second sensor; 17. Material cart; 18. Slurry discharge pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] In response to the technical problems existing in the prior art, the basic concept of the present invention is to set a gate in the stone storage box and set a conveying device at the bottom of the stone storage box. When the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate is opened. When the stone storage box needs to discharge slag, the gate is closed, and the space above the gate forms a temporary stone storage space, realizing non-stop slag discharge operations and achieving the pressure maintenance function at the same time.

[0048] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0049] Example 1 of the slag and rock transportation system of the present invention:

[0050] The slag transport system includes quarry boxes, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the quarrying box includes a box body 1, which is provided with a screening and conveying mechanism for intercepting and conveying large rocks in the mud while allowing small rocks to pass through. The screening and conveying mechanism includes a screening shaft 3 and a screening spiral blade 4 fixed to the screening shaft 3. The shaft 3 is horizontally arranged. The screening and conveying mechanism also includes a screen 5 arranged on the periphery of the shaft 3 and the screening spiral blade 4. The screen 5 is fixedly arranged and can intercept large rocks in the mud and allow small rocks to pass through. When the shaft 3 drives the screening spiral blade 4 to rotate, the large rocks on the screen 5 can be conveyed from the head to the tail. The box body 1 is connected to a slurry discharge section 2 located below the screen 5. The mud and small rocks passing through the screen 5 enter the slurry discharge section 2. The slurry discharge section 2 has a funnel-shaped inner wall. The bottom of the slurry discharge section 2 is used to connect to a slurry discharge pipe 18 to allow the mixture of mud and small rocks to be discharged out of the hole.

[0051] The screen 5 in this embodiment is semi-cylindrical to form an upward opening. A feed box 1-1 is provided at the top of the box body 1 and at a position corresponding to the head of the screening and conveying mechanism. The feed box 1-1 is connected to the internal space of the box body 1. The feed box 1-1 has an interface 1-1-1 facing the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism for connecting to the slurry inlet pipe 14. The feed box 1-1 also has a buffer wall 1-1-2 arranged directly opposite the interface 1-1-1 for the incoming slurry to impact and thus buffer the slurry. In this way, the slurry entering the feed box 1-1 first impacts the buffer wall 1-1-2, causing a sudden change in the direction of the slurry flow. After the speed is reduced, it enters the head of the screening and conveying mechanism, and then most of the small stones in the slurry can pass through the screen 5 in the front half of the screen 5. Of course, the screen 5 has a certain length to ensure that all small stones can pass through the screen 5.

[0052] Furthermore, the buffer wall 1-1-2 is arranged tilted from bottom to top toward the direction close to the interface 1-1-1, so that the slurry can be guided to the head of the screening and conveying mechanism through reflection.

[0053] The screen 5 is only arranged at the head and middle of the rotating shaft 3 and the screening spiral blade 4, and there is no screen at the tail. A stone storage box 7 for receiving large stones transported by the screening spiral blade 4 is connected to the position corresponding to the rotating shaft 3 and the tail of the screening spiral blade 4 on the box body 1. The conveying direction of the screening conveying mechanism is defined as from front to back, so the stone storage box 7 is located below the tail of the screening conveying mechanism and at the rear side of the slurry discharge section 2. An openable and closable slag discharge door 9 is installed on the stone storage box 7. The stone storage box 7 has a certain depth in the vertical direction and the slag discharge door 9 is located at the bottom of the stone storage box 7.

[0054] The upper portion of the stone storage box 7 is equipped with a gate 6 capable of controlling the opening and closing of the rockfall passage within the stone storage box 7. The gate 6 and the above-mentioned slag discharge door 9 are both hydraulically driven and controlled, enabling automatic discharge of slag. The bottom of the stone storage box 7 is provided with a conveying device 8 for automatically conveying large rocks toward the slag discharge door 9, thereby enabling automatic discharge of slag. The conveying device 8 in this embodiment is a spiral conveying device, comprising a stone discharge shaft 8-1 and a stone discharge spiral blade 8-2 fixed to the stone discharge shaft 8-1. The stone discharge shaft 8-1 is also horizontally arranged, but its axial direction is perpendicular to the axial direction of the screening shaft 3, that is, the conveying direction of the conveying device is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the screening conveying mechanism. This can prevent the entire stone quarrying box from occupying a large space in the front-to-back direction, facilitating the arrangement of the stone quarrying box.

[0055] Specifically, the conveying direction of the conveying device 8 is from left to right, the slag discharge door 9 is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the stone storage box 7, the left end of the conveying device 8 is aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism, the left wall of the stone storage box 7 is a vertical wall, and the right wall gradually tilts to the right from top to bottom. The projection of the stone storage box 7 in the plane perpendicular to the rotation axis of the screening shaft 3 is a right-angled trapezoid, so that the lower part of the stone storage box 7 has a large stone storage space in the left and right directions. The bottom cross-section of the stone storage box 7 gradually decreases from top to bottom to cooperate with the conveying device 8 to enable the slag to be discharged smoothly.

[0056] At the same time, the distance between the inner wall surfaces of the front and rear side walls of the stone storage box 7 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom of the stone storage box 7 is provided with an arc-shaped bottom wall 7-1, which is just adapted to the stone discharge shaft 8-1 and the stone discharge spiral blade 8-2, so as to facilitate the discharge of all large stones in the stone storage box 7.

[0057] During operation, when the stone storage box 7 is normally storing large rocks, gate 6 is open, allowing large rocks transported by the screening and conveying mechanism to fall into the stone storage box 7. Simultaneously, since the stone storage box is filled with mud during operation, the slag discharge door 9 is closed, maintaining pressure in the stone storage box and preventing mud from leaking through the slag discharge door 9, thus ensuring the normal operation of the mud circulation system. When the stone storage box 7 is full and needs to be discharged, gate 6 is closed to maintain pressure, and slag discharge door 9 is opened to facilitate the discharge of large rocks. Simultaneously, the space between gate 6 and the rear of the screening and conveying mechanism forms a temporary rock storage space L, enabling the discharge of large rocks without stopping the machine. A conveying device 8 is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box 7, automatically conveying large rocks toward the slag discharge door 9. After the large rocks are discharged, gate 6 is opened and slag discharge door 9 is closed to receive the rocks normally. Furthermore, due to the high stone discharge efficiency of the conveying device 8, the temporary rock storage space L does not need to be too large to meet the needs of temporary storage of large rocks. Compared with the prior art, the present invention does not need to set up two quarrying boxes, simplifies the structural setting, and also reduces the space occupied by the quarrying boxes. In addition, only two doors, the gate 6 and the slag discharge door 9, need to be controlled, and the number of doors to be controlled is reduced, making control simpler.

[0058] like Figure 1 As shown, a first sensor 15 for detecting the amount of small stones in the discharge section 2 is installed in the discharge section 2, and a second sensor 16 for detecting the amount of large stones below the gate 6 is installed in the stone storage box 7. There are many options for the specific forms of the first sensor 15 and the second sensor 16. For example, both can be set as weight sensors (need to be set lower). When the stone reserves are large, the sensor detection value increases; of course, for the first sensor 15, it can also be set as a sensor that can detect pressure or flow rate. When there are a lot of small stones in the discharge section 2 and blockage occurs, the flow rate of the fluid will decrease and the pressure will increase; of course, the two sensors can also be set as ultrasonic scanning sensors, such as industrial B-ultrasound machines, or as electromagnetic wave tomography sensors, such as radars.

[0059] The quarrying box also includes a control system for automatically controlling the conveying speed of the screening conveying mechanism and the conveying device according to the detection data of the first sensor 15 and the second sensor 16. As a control mode, the speed of the screening shaft 3 is defined as V1, the small stone stock is Q1, and the maximum stone stock of the slurry discharge section 1 is Q 1max The speed of the stone-discharging shaft 8-1 is V2, the amount of large stones is Q2, and the maximum amount of stones stored in the stone storage box 7 is Q 2max ,but Where k1 is the screening efficiency coefficient and 0<k1<1, k2 is the stone removal efficiency coefficient and 0<k2<1, and the specific values ​​of k1 and k2 are determined according to actual conditions. 1max is the maximum speed of the screening shaft 3, V2max The maximum speed of the stone discharge shaft 8-1. The maximum stone storage capacity of the slurry discharge section 1 is Q 1max It can be calculated based on the volume of the slurry discharge section 1. Similarly, the maximum storage capacity of the stone storage box 7 is Q 2max Can be calculated according to the volume of stone storage box 7.

[0060] As can be seen from the above formula for V1, when the small stone stock Q1 increases, V1 will decrease. This corresponds to the actual working condition that the number of small stones in the slurry discharge section 1 is relatively large, indicating that the slurry carries a large number of stones (generally, there will also be a large number of large stones). At this time, the rotation speed V1 of the screening shaft 3 should be slowed down to reduce the amount of small stones passing through the screen 5, so that the small stones in the slurry discharge section 1 have sufficient time to be discharged, and to avoid excessive accumulation of small stones and blockage. At the same time, slowing down the rotation speed V1 of the screening shaft 3 can also reduce the conveying speed of large stones, so that the slag in the stone storage box 7 has sufficient time to be discharged.

[0061] It can be seen from the above formula of V2 that when the stock of large stones Q2 increases, V2 will also increase. The corresponding actual working condition is that there are relatively many large stones in the stone storage box 7, which need to be discharged at a faster speed to avoid the subsequent temporary stone storage space being full of stones and causing blockage. Therefore, the rotation speed V2 of the stone discharge shaft 8-1 should be increased to speed up the discharge of slag.

[0062] The detection data of the first sensor 15 and the second sensor 16 are used to adjust the rotation speeds of the screening shaft 3 and the stone discharge shaft 8-1 in turn, so as to adapt to the characteristics of slag and stone in different strata and avoid slag and stone blockage.

[0063] In addition, if Figure 3 As shown, the slag transport system further includes a slag transfer device for being arranged on the rear supporting trailer. In this embodiment, a crane beam 11 is installed on the rear supporting trailer, and the slag transfer device is at least one crane installed on the crane beam 11. Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the slag transport system also includes a slag basket 10 for receiving large rocks discharged from the quarrying box and a material vehicle 17 that can travel in and out of the tunnel. The crane is used to lift the slag basket 10 carrying large rocks to the material vehicle 17, and the material vehicle 17 is used to transport the large rocks out of the tunnel.

[0064] Normally, when the amount of large rocks collected is small, a high stone discharge speed is not required. In this case, one crane is sufficient to lift the slag basket 10 from point A to point C where the material truck is located. When the amount of large rocks is large and a higher stone discharge speed is required, two cranes are used, namely the first crane 12 and the second crane 13. The first crane 12 lifts the slag basket 10 from point A to point B, and then returns to point A to lift other slag baskets; the second crane 13 lifts the slag basket 10 from point B to point C, and then returns to point B to lift other slag baskets.

[0065] The number of cranes is directly related to the amount of large and small rocks. The large rock stock Q2 directly indicates the amount of large rocks, and the small rock stock Q1 can also reflect the amount of large rocks to a certain extent. Therefore, if the number of cranes is defined as n, then Where k3 is the transport adjustment coefficient and 0<k3<1. The specific value of k3 is determined according to the actual situation. When n is a decimal, it is rounded to an integer, which makes it very convenient to determine the number of cranes to be configured.

[0066] When the slag stone transportation system of the present invention is used, it is combined with Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, slurry enters the quarrying box's feed box 1-1 through the slurry inlet pipe 14. It first impacts the buffer wall 1-1-2, causing a dramatic change in flow direction and a decrease in velocity before entering the head of the screening and conveying mechanism. The screening shaft 3 and screening spiral blades 4 rotate continuously, allowing small-sized debris to pass through the screen 5 under gravity and fall into the slurry discharge section 2. It is then discharged through the slurry discharge pipe 18 to the surface mud-water separation station. Large-sized debris is intercepted by the screen 5 and moved backward by the screening spiral blades 4. Upon reaching the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism, it falls under gravity into the rock storage box 7. At this time, gate 6 is open and slag discharge door 9 is closed. When the rock storage box 7 reaches a certain amount, the control system automatically closes gate 6 and simultaneously opens slag discharge door 9. The conveying device then transports the rock storage box 7 toward slag discharge door 9 for discharge. The slag discharged from the stone storage box 7 falls into the slag basket 10. After the slag basket 10 is filled with slag, a crane is used to lift the slag basket 10 to a material vehicle 17, and the material vehicle 17 then transports the slag out of the hole.

[0067] Example 2 of the slag and rock transportation system of the present invention:

[0068] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that the conveying device 8 is not a screw conveyor, but a belt conveyor. In order to ensure the pressure-maintaining function of the quarrying box when the stone storage box 7 normally receives large stones, the belt conveyor must be completely set inside the stone storage box 7. At this time, the bottom wall and front and rear side walls of the stone storage box 7 are all straight walls. In addition, in order to prevent stones from leaking to the sides of the belt conveyor and causing jamming, inclined plates 7-2 are respectively fixed on the front and rear side walls of the stone storage box 7. The two inclined plates 7-2 are symmetrically arranged and located above the belt surface of the belt conveyor to ensure that all large stones can be discharged. Of course, the length of the belt conveyor only reaches the position of the slag discharge door and does not cover the slag discharge door, so that when the slag discharge door is opened, the stones transported by the belt conveyor can naturally fall and be discharged to the outside of the stone storage box.

[0069] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: the slag transfer device can also be a trolley, for example, a rear supporting trailer is provided with tracks, and the trolley is an electric trolley that travels on the tracks. Of course, tracks may not be provided, and the trolley is a hand-pushed trolley that travels manually. Regardless of the form, the calculation formula for the number of trolleys is the same as that in Example 1.

[0070] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: other methods can be used to determine the number of slag transfer devices, for example, the formula for the number n of slag transfer devices in Example 1 does not contain k3, or different coefficient values ​​are multiplied in front of Q1 and Q2.

[0071] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: other methods can be used to determine the rotational speeds of the screening shaft and the stone discharge shaft. For example, the formula for the screening shaft rotational speed V1 in Example 1 does not include k1, and the formula for the stone discharge shaft rotational speed V2 does not include k2.

[0072] In other embodiments of the slag transport system, the number of slag transfer devices, and the rotational speeds of the screening shaft and the stone discharge shaft may not be determined and adjusted automatically by formulas, but may be adjusted manually based on sensor detection data.

[0073] In other embodiments of the slag and stone transportation system: the first sensor is no longer installed in the slurry discharge section, and the second sensor is no longer installed in the stone storage box. At this time, observation windows can be set on the stone storage box and the slurry discharge section, and the timing of stone discharge can be controlled by manual observation or external camera observation. Of course, stone discharge can also be scheduled according to construction experience.

[0074] In other embodiments of the slag and rock transportation system, the number of slag and rock transfer devices may be set to more than three according to the specific length of the subsequent supporting trailer and the actual amount of large rocks.

[0075] In other embodiments of the slag transport system, the buffer wall may be arranged vertically.

[0076] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: the screen can be cylindrical, and in this case a slurry inlet pipe can be connected to the axial side of the head of the screening and conveying mechanism, and the slurry inlet pipe is arranged toward the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism. In this case, there is no need to set up the feed box in Example 1.

[0077] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: when the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism is from front to back, the conveying direction of the conveying device can be from right to left. At this time, the slag discharge door is arranged at the left end of the bottom of the stone storage box, and the right end of the conveying device is aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism. The left side wall of the stone storage box gradually tilts to the left from top to bottom.

[0078] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism can be from left to right, and the conveying direction of the conveying device is from front to back. At this time, the slag discharge door is arranged at the rear end of the bottom of the stone storage box, and the front end of the conveying device is aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism. The rear side wall of the stone storage box gradually tilts to the left from top to bottom.

[0079] In other embodiments of the slag transport system: when the conveying direction of the conveying device is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism, the front, rear, left and right side walls of the stone storage box can all be vertical side walls. Of course, the end of the conveying device away from the slag discharge door is still aligned with the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism.

[0080] In other embodiments of the slag transport system, the conveying direction of the conveying device may be parallel to the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism. In this case, the quarrying box occupies a larger space in the conveying direction of the screening and conveying mechanism.

[0081] In other embodiments of the slag and stone transportation system: the screening and conveying mechanism may include a screen drum and a spiral rib plate fixed on the inner wall of the screen drum. The screen drum is cylindrical and is provided with a plurality of screen holes, which can intercept large stones and allow small stones to pass through. Of course, the screening and conveying mechanism also includes a power device for controlling the rotation of the screen drum. When the screen drum rotates, the spiral rib plate on the inner wall of the screen drum can transport large stones from one axial end to the other.

[0082] In other embodiments of the slag and stone transportation system: the screening and conveying mechanism can also be a vibrating screening and conveying mechanism. In this case, the screening and conveying mechanism includes a screen and a vibration device for controlling the reciprocating vibration of the screen. As the screen vibrates back and forth, large stones are transported from the head of the screen to the tail, and then fall into the stone storage box.

[0083] In other embodiments of the slag stone transportation system: the gate in the stone storage box can also be installed in the middle of the stone storage box. At this time, the temporary stone storage space is larger and the volume of the corresponding stone storage box will also be larger.

[0084] In other embodiments of the slag transport system, the gate and the slag discharge door may also be electric gates or manual gates.

[0085] The embodiment of the quarrying box in the present invention is as follows: the specific structure of the quarrying box is the same as the quarrying box in any embodiment of the above-mentioned slag and stone transportation system, and will not be repeated here.

[0086] An embodiment of the roadheader in the present invention is as follows: the roadheader includes a main engine, a rear supporting trailer and a slag transport system. The specific structure of the slag transport system is the same as that of any of the above embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0087] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. The scope of patent protection of the present invention shall be based on the claims. Any equivalent structural changes made using the description and drawings of the present invention shall be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A quarrying box, comprising a box body, a screening and conveying mechanism for intercepting and conveying large stones in the mud while allowing small stones to pass through, a stone storage box for receiving large stones connected to a position corresponding to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism on the box body, and a slag discharge door that can be opened and closed installed on the stone storage box, characterized in that: A conveying device is provided at the bottom of the stone storage box for automatically conveying large stones toward the slag discharge door, and a gate is installed in the middle or upper part of the stone storage box to control the opening and closing of the rock falling channel in the stone storage box; when the stone storage box normally receives large stones, the gate is in an open state and the slag discharge door is in a closed state; when the large stones in the stone storage box are discharged, the gate is in a closed state and the slag discharge door is in an open state, and the space above the gate to the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism constitutes a temporary stone storage space.

2. The quarrying box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying direction of the conveying device is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the screening conveying mechanism.

3. The quarrying box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The conveying direction of the screening conveying mechanism is defined as from front to back, and the conveying direction of the conveying device is defined as from left to right. The slag discharge door is arranged at the right end of the bottom of the stone storage box, the left end of the conveying device is aligned with the tail of the screening conveying mechanism, and the right side wall of the stone storage box gradually tilts to the right from top to bottom.

4. The quarrying box according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The conveying device comprises a stone-discharging rotating shaft and a stone-discharging spiral blade fixed on the stone-discharging rotating shaft.

5. The quarrying box according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A first sensor for detecting the stock of small stones is installed in the slurry discharge section connected to the box body, and a second sensor for detecting the stock of large stones is installed in the stone storage box. The quarrying box also includes a control system for automatically controlling the conveying speed of the screening and conveying mechanism and the conveying device according to the detection data of the first sensor and the second sensor.

6. The quarrying box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The screening and conveying mechanism includes a screening shaft and a screening spiral blade fixed on the screening shaft. The conveying device includes a stone discharge shaft and a stone discharge spiral blade fixed on the stone discharge shaft. The speed of the screening shaft is defined as V1, the amount of small stones is Q1, and the maximum amount of stones in the discharge section is Q 1max The speed of the stone discharge shaft is V2, the amount of large stones is Q2, and the maximum amount of stones stored in the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k1 is the screening efficiency coefficient and 0<k1<1, k2 is the stone removal efficiency coefficient and 0<k2<1, V 1max is the maximum speed of the screening shaft, V 2max It is the maximum speed of the stone discharge shaft.

7. The quarrying box according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The screening and conveying mechanism includes a screen, which is semi-cylindrical to form an upward opening. A feed box is provided on the top of the box body and at a position corresponding to the head of the screening and conveying mechanism. The feed box has an interface facing the tail of the screening and conveying mechanism for connecting to the slurry inlet pipe. The feed box also has a buffer wall arranged opposite to the interface for the incoming slurry to impact and thereby buffer the slurry.

8. The quarrying box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The buffer wall is arranged obliquely from bottom to top toward the direction close to the interface.

9. A slag transport system, comprising a quarrying box, characterized in that: The quarrying box is the quarrying box described in any one of claims 1 to 4, 7, and 8. The slag transportation system also includes a slag transfer device for being arranged on the rear supporting trailer. The slag transportation system also includes a slag basket for receiving large stones discharged by the quarrying box and a material vehicle that can travel in and out of the tunnel. The slag transfer device is used to transfer the slag basket carrying large stones to the material vehicle, and the material vehicle is used to transport the large stones out of the hole.

10. The slag and rock transportation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: A first sensor for detecting the stock of small stones is installed in the slurry discharge section connected to the box body of the quarrying box, and a second sensor for detecting the stock of large stones is installed in the stone storage box. The quarrying box also includes a control system for automatically controlling the conveying speed of the screening and conveying mechanism and the conveying device according to the detection data of the first sensor and the second sensor.

11. The slag and rock transportation system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The screening and conveying mechanism includes a screening shaft and a screening spiral blade fixed on the screening shaft. The conveying device includes a stone discharge shaft and a stone discharge spiral blade fixed on the stone discharge shaft. The speed of the screening shaft is defined as V1, the amount of small stones is Q1, and the maximum amount of stones in the discharge section is Q 1max The speed of the stone discharge shaft is V2, the amount of large stones is Q2, and the maximum amount of stones stored in the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k1 is the screening efficiency coefficient and 0<k1<1, k2 is the stone removal efficiency coefficient and 0<k2<1, V 1max is the maximum speed of the screening shaft, V 2max It is the maximum speed of the stone discharge shaft.

12. The slag and rock transportation system according to claim 10, characterized in that: The number of slag and rock transfer devices is n, the amount of small rocks is Q1, and the maximum amount of rocks stored in the slurry discharge section is Q 1max , the stock of large stones is Q2, and the maximum stock of the stone storage box is Q 2max ,but Where k3 is the transportation adjustment coefficient and 0<k3<1, and when n is a decimal, it is rounded to the integer.

13. A roadheader, comprising a main engine, a rear trailer and a slag transport system, characterized in that: The slag and rock transportation system is the slag and rock transportation system according to any one of claims 9 to 12.

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