Urban road surface water passing simulation experiment platform capable of adjusting transverse and longitudinal gradients

Abstract

The invention discloses an urban road surface water passing simulation experiment platform capable of adjusting transverse and longitudinal gradients, and belongs to the technical field of urban hydrology and water resource engineering. The experimental platform comprises an obliquely arranged rectangular channel and further comprises a water supply assembly arranged on one side of the high end of the rectangular channel and a supporting steel frame used for supporting the rectangular channel, and the supporting steel frame comprises a supporting frame and a plurality of foot stools arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame; the rectangular channel is welded to the supporting frame, the suspension mechanism comprises a suspension hook, a pair of hook rings, a lock chain and a driving machine, the hook rings are fixedly connected to the two sides of the supporting steel frame respectively, the suspension hook is connected to the hook rings in a buckled mode, one end of the suspension hook is fixedly connected with the lock chain, and the lock chain is fixedly connected with the driving machine. The platform can accurately adjust the transverse and longitudinal gradients, simulate the water flow gradient change of a real urban road surface, and allow the water flow condition of the real-scale urban road surface to be restored at 1: 1.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of urban hydrology and water resources engineering, and in particular to a simulated urban road surface water flow test platform with adjustable transverse and longitudinal slopes. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of global urbanization, urban flooding is a frequent occurrence worldwide, posing a significant threat to urban traffic safety, residents' normal production and life, and the safety of life and property. Rapid urbanization has led to changes in urban-scale watershed hydrology, with natural land being converted into impervious surfaces and the hardened area of ​​land, or impervious areas, increasing dramatically, leading to a weakening of the infiltration process. Furthermore, climate change has altered precipitation patterns, with the frequency and intensity of rainstorms increasing, and rainfall processes generally becoming shorter and more intense than before. These two factors result in earlier confluence times and increased runoff volumes, making impervious urban areas more susceptible to sudden surface runoff. If the rate at which rainwater is removed is slower than the rate at which it converges, urban flooding is a serious threat.

[0003] Urban drainage systems are the backbone of urban flood control and drainage. Grate systems are the control units connecting urban surface drainage systems to sewer pipes. Quantifying their drainage capacity is crucial not only for accurately calculating urban flooding processes but also for optimizing the capacity of urban drainage systems. Therefore, in-depth research on their drainage capacity is of great practical significance. Effectively addressing urban flooding requires relevant experimental research to develop scientific flood control measures and water resource management plans. Current flood experimental equipment often uses unidirectional water flow simulation, with insufficient consideration given to slope adjustment, which is not a key design consideration. This results in equipment structures that cannot meet slope adjustment requirements and cannot accurately reproduce water flow conditions on urban roads at full scale. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the problems in the prior art and provide a simulated urban road water flow test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes to better simulate urban road water flow conditions.

[0005] The present invention provides a simulated urban road water flow test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes, comprising a rectangular channel arranged obliquely and a water supply component for providing the water flow required for the experiment, and also comprising a supporting steel frame for supporting the rectangular channel, the supporting steel frame comprising a supporting frame and a plurality of tripods arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame, the rectangular channel being welded to the supporting frame, the tripods being fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting frame, a hanging mechanism comprising a hanging hook, a hook ring, a chain and a driving machine, the hook ring being provided in a pair, the pair of hook rings being fixedly connected to both sides of the supporting steel frame respectively, the hanging hook being buckled on the hook ring, one end of the hanging hook being fixedly connected to the chain, the chain being fixedly connected to the driving machine, a lifting component being arranged below the supporting steel frame, the lifting component comprising a screw, a nut and an abutment plate, the screw being vertically threaded and inserted into the tripod, the screw being located on the lower side of the tripod and threadedly sleeved with the nut, and the bottom end of the screw being connected to the abutment plate.

[0006] Preferably, the abutment disk includes a disk body, a connecting head and a connecting frame, the connecting head is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw rod, the connecting frame is fixedly connected to the upper side of the disk body, and the connecting frame is connected to the connecting head by a ball joint.

[0007] Preferably, the rectangular channel is provided with a first water grate and a second water grate from top to bottom, the first water grate and the second water grate are both detachably installed, and leakage wells are connected below the first water grate and the second water grate. A pipe network is connected between a pair of leakage wells, and a triangular water measuring weir is connected to the tail end of the pipe network.

[0008] Preferably, the water intercepted by the first water grate flows into the pipe network through the leakage well. The pipe network is composed of several pipes, one part of which flows to the velocity sensor through the pipe network, and the other part flows to the pressure sensor through the pipe network. The pressure sensor can measure the pressure and water head when the pipe is full and not full. The above two parts of water flow converge together after descending a certain distance in the pipe and are discharged into the downstream triangular water measuring weir through the pipe network.

[0009] Preferably, the velocity sensor is configured as a Doppler flowmeter, located at the bottom of the pipeline, for collecting two hydraulic parameters of water flow velocity and flow rate in the pipeline.

[0010] Preferably, a mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the pipe, a plexiglass wedge is bonded into the mounting hole by adhesive, a threaded hole is provided on the plexiglass wedge, a threaded rod is provided in the threaded hole, and the top of the threaded rod is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0011] Preferably, the water supply assembly includes a water inlet pipe, a valve, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a bend pipe and a water tank. The water tank is installed on the high end side of the rectangular channel. The water inlet pipe is connected to the water tank. The valve and the electromagnetic flowmeter are provided on the water inlet pipe. A water outlet pipe is provided on one side of the water tank.

[0012] Preferably, one end of the water inlet pipe is connected to a variable frequency pump, and the variable frequency cabinet is installed on the front side of the rectangular channel.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the present invention offers the following advantages: The platform, which simulates urban pavement flooding, features adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes. Through the integration of a suspension mechanism and lifting components, the platform can precisely adjust the horizontal and vertical slopes to simulate the gradient changes of water flow on real urban pavements, overcoming the drawback of existing flood test equipment that lacks slope adjustment. This allows for the reproduction of full-scale urban pavement water flow conditions, such as simulating flooding depths and runoff behavior under varying rainfall intensities, improving the accuracy and authenticity of experiments.

[0014] The fixed connection between the supporting steel frame and the tripod ensures the stability of the platform, reduces vibration or displacement during the experiment, and thus ensures the reliability of the water flow measurement data. The screw and nut design of the lifting assembly allows fine-tuning of the height to adapt to different experimental scenarios;

[0015] The overall structure realizes accurate simulation of urban flooding processes, supports the study of hydrological parameters such as confluence time and runoff flow, and helps optimize the design of urban drainage systems. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall side structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic top view of the structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the tripod and lifting assembly of the present invention.

[0019] Explanation of the accompanying reference numerals: 1. Rectangular channel; 2. Water supply assembly; 21. Water inlet pipe; 22. Valve; 23. Elbow; 24. Water tank; 3. Support steel frame; 31. Support frame; 32. Tripod; 33. Abutment plate; 331. Plate body; 332. Connector; 333. Connecting frame; 5. Lifting assembly; 51. Screw; 52. Nut; 6. First water grate; 7. Second water grate; 8. Triangular water measuring weir; 10. Rectangular water measuring weir. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following is combined with Figures 1 to 3In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein should be the common meanings understood by people with ordinary skills in the field to which the present invention belongs.

[0021] The words "first", "second" and similar words used in the patent application specification and claims of the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Words such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding the word include the elements or objects listed after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or objects. "Inside", "outside", "upper", "lower", "far", "near", "front", "back" and the like are only used to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly. The drawings in the present invention are not drawn strictly according to the actual scale. The specific size and quantity of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in the present invention are only schematic structural diagrams.

[0022] The present invention provides a simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes. Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes a tilted rectangular channel 2 and a water supply component 3 for providing the water flow required for the experiment, and also includes a supporting steel frame 3 for supporting the rectangular channel 1. The supporting steel frame 3 includes a supporting frame 31 and a plurality of tripods 32 arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame 31. The rectangular channel 1 is welded to the supporting frame 31, and the tripod 32 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting frame 31. The hanging mechanism includes a hanging hook, a hook ring, a chain and a driving machine. A pair of hook rings are provided, and a pair of hook rings are respectively fixedly connected to both sides of the supporting steel frame 3. The hanging hook is buckled on the hook ring, one end of the hanging hook is fixedly connected to the chain, and the chain is fixedly connected to the driving machine. The lifting component 5 is arranged below the supporting steel frame 3. The lifting component 5 includes a screw 51, a nut 52 and an abutment plate 33. The screw 51 is vertically threaded and inserted into the tripod 32. The screw 51 is located at the lower side of the tripod 32 and is threaded with a nut. The bottom end of the screw 51 is connected to the abutment plate 33.

[0023] By combining the suspension mechanism and the lifting assembly 5, the platform can precisely adjust the horizontal and vertical slopes to simulate the gradient changes of water flow on real urban roads, overcoming the inability of existing flood experimental equipment to adjust the slope. This allows for a 1:1 reproduction of water flow conditions on real-scale urban roads, such as simulating flooding depths and runoff behavior under different rainfall intensities, improving the accuracy and authenticity of experiments.

[0024] The fixed connection between the support steel frame 3 and the foot frame 32 ensures the stability of the platform, reduces vibration or displacement during the experiment, and thus ensures the reliability of the water flow measurement data. The screw 51 and nut 52 of the lifting assembly 5 allow for fine-tuning of the height to adapt to different experimental scenarios;

[0025] The overall structure realizes accurate simulation of urban flooding processes, supports the study of hydrological parameters such as confluence time and runoff flow, and helps optimize the design of urban drainage systems.

[0026] Preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the abutment plate 33 includes a plate body 331, a connecting head 332 and a connecting frame 333. The connecting head 332 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw rod 51, and the connecting frame 333 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the plate body 331. The connecting frame 333 and the connecting head 332 are connected by a ball joint.

[0027] The ball-joint connection design enables the abutment plate 33 to adapt to uneven ground surfaces or angle changes during adjustment, ensuring the platform maintains level contact at varying slopes and reducing experimental errors. For example, when the screw 51 and nut 52 mechanism adjust the platform's inclination, the ball-joint connection absorbs minor displacements, preventing the platform from tilting or vibrating. This improves the stability and safety of the experiment, enhances the durability and reliability of the lifting assembly 5, and is particularly suitable for frequent slope adjustments during long-term experiments, supporting high-precision measurements.

[0028] Preferably, Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, the rectangular channel 1 is provided with a first water grate 6 and a second water grate 7 from top to bottom. The first water grate 6 and the second water grate 7 are both detachably installed. The first water grate 6 and the second water grate 7 are both connected to leakage wells below. A pipe network is connected between the pair of leakage wells, and a triangular water measuring weir 8 is connected to the tail end of the pipe network.

[0029] The removable grate design allows for quick replacement of grates of different types and sizes. This allows for convenient selection of grate types and sizes based on desired grate type and flow requirements, supporting research on the discharge capacity and flow coefficient of various grate types. This addresses the issue of single grate configurations in existing equipment, enabling experiments to replicate the actual scenarios of different urban drainage systems.

[0030] The intercepted water is collected by a system of leaking wells and pipes, and the flow is precisely measured via triangular weirs8, providing high-precision data for analyzing the interception efficiency of grate grates. For example, in flood simulations, the difference in interception capacity between upstream and downstream grate grates can be quantified to help optimize drainage design.

[0031] The overall structure improves the repeatability and flexibility of the experiment and supports the investigation of the mutual influence of the discharge capacity between water grates.

[0032] Preferably, Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, the water intercepted by the first water grate 6 flows into the pipe network through the leaking well. The pipe network is composed of several pipes, one part of which flows to the velocity sensor through the pipe network, and the other part flows to the pressure sensor through the pipe network. The pressure sensor can measure the pressure and water head when the pipe is full and not full. The above two parts of water flow converge together after descending a certain distance in the pipe and are discharged into the downstream triangular water measuring weir 8 through the pipe network.

[0033] The split-flow design allows for simultaneous measurement of multiple hydraulic parameters: velocity sensors collect flow rate and flow rate, while pressure sensors measure pressure and head when the pipe is full or partially full. This provides comprehensive data to accurately analyze the hydraulic behavior of the pipeline during flooding.

[0034] After converging, the total interception volume is measured through the triangular water measuring weir 8, and the performance comparison of the upstream and downstream water grates is realized, which solves the limitation of the existing equipment in unidirectional water flow simulation and improves the comprehensiveness and efficiency of the experiment.

[0035] Preferably, Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, the velocity sensor is configured as a Doppler flowmeter, located at the bottom of the pipeline, and is used to collect two hydraulic parameters, namely, the velocity and flow rate of the water flow in the pipeline.

[0036] Doppler flowmeters collect velocity and flow data directly at the bottom of the pipe, providing highly accurate, real-time measurements. This overcomes the large measurement errors associated with traditional equipment, ensuring reliable data and enabling precise quantification of grate discharge capacity and flow variations in urban flooding. Bottom-mounted installation reduces flow disturbances, adapts to both full and partially filled pipes, and enhances the applicability of experiments in real-world scenarios.

[0037] Preferably, Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, a mounting hole is opened at the bottom of the pipe, an organic glass wedge is glued in the mounting hole by adhesive, a threaded hole is provided on the organic glass wedge, a threaded rod is provided in the threaded hole, and the top of the threaded rod is connected to the pressure sensor.

[0038] The installation design of the plexiglass wedge and threaded rod ensures a waterproof seal for the pressure sensor. The threaded plexiglass wedge is glued to the bottom of the PVC pipe with adhesive, and then the pressure sensor is screwed into the plexiglass wedge to ensure waterproofing. This allows stable measurement of pressure and water head when the pipe is full or not full, solving the problem of the sensor being easily affected by moisture or displacement, improving measurement durability and accuracy, and featuring a simple and reliable structure, it supports repeated use in long-term experiments to ensure data consistency.

[0039] Preferably, Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, the water supply assembly 2 includes a water inlet pipe 21, a valve 22, an electromagnetic flowmeter, a bend pipe 23 and a water tank 24. The water tank 24 is installed on the high end side of the rectangular channel 1. The water inlet pipe 21 is connected to the water tank 24. The water inlet pipe 21 is provided with a valve 22 and an electromagnetic flowmeter, and a water outlet pipe is provided on one side of the water tank 24.

[0040] Valve 22 and an electromagnetic flowmeter precisely control the water flow, working in conjunction with a frequency converter to adjust the flow and simulate inflows of varying rainfall intensities. This ensures a stable and uniform water flow, resolving the unstable flow issues of existing equipment and improving experimental repeatability. Water tank 24 provides a buffer to reduce flow fluctuations, while bend 23 reduces resistance, ensuring a smooth flow into rectangular channel 1. This supports high-precision flood simulations, enabling the experiment to realistically reproduce short-duration, heavy rainfall scenarios and providing reliable data for urban water resource management.

[0041] Preferably, Figure 1~Figure 2 As shown, one end of the water inlet pipe 21 is connected to a variable frequency pump, and a frequency conversion cabinet is installed on the front side of the rectangular channel 1.

[0042] The frequency converter cabinet accurately adjusts the water flow speed and flow rate to simulate different rainfall events, solving the limitation of existing equipment that cannot flexibly control the incoming flow. It cooperates with the electromagnetic flowmeter to provide high-precision flow data, supporting research on the impact of runoff flow changes on floods.

[0043] The method of using the simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes of the present invention is as follows: The rectangular channel 1 is welded to the supporting steel frame 3 with rivets, which is suspended from the gantry via a chain. The lifting mechanism, consisting of screws 51 and nuts 52, is connected to the experimental platform's supporting steel frame 3 via a footrest 32. Rotating the screws 51 and nuts 52 adjusts the inclination of the supporting steel frame 3. Together with the suspension mechanism, the lifting mechanism further adjusts the platform's slope. A water grate slot is located on one side of the rectangular channel 1 and connects to it via a mortise and tenon joint. Different water grates are suitable for different mortise and tenon joints, allowing for investigation of the discharge capacity and flow coefficient of different grate types. The water tank 24 at the front of the experimental platform is connected to the pipe inlet and contains a flow stabilization device to ensure a smooth flow of water into the platform. An electromagnetic flowmeter and a frequency converter cabinet are installed between the variable frequency pump and the water tank 24. The frequency converter cabinet adjusts the incoming flow rate, while the electromagnetic flowmeter accurately measures the incoming flow rate. Water intercepted by the upstream grate flows through a leaking well into the underground pipe network. A portion of the water flows through a PVC pipe to a velocity sensor, a Doppler flowmeter located at the bottom of the PVC pipe that measures two hydraulic parameters: velocity and flow. Another portion flows through the PVC pipe to a pressure sensor, which is connected to the pipe via a threaded plexiglass wedge. A hole is drilled in the bottom of the pipe, and the threaded plexiglass wedge is glued to the bottom of the PVC pipe. The pressure sensor is then screwed into the plexiglass wedge. After waterproofing, the pressure sensor measures the pressure and head when the pipe is full and partially full. These two streams converge after descending a certain distance in the pipe and drain through the PVC pipe into the downstream triangular weir 8, where the intercepted flow by the upstream and downstream grate is measured.

[0044] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A simulated urban road surface water flow test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes, comprising an inclined rectangular channel (1) and a water supply component (2) for providing the water flow required for the experiment, characterized in that: Also includes: A supporting steel frame (3) is used to support the rectangular channel (1), the supporting steel frame (3) comprising a supporting frame (31) and a plurality of foot frames (32) arranged at the bottom of the supporting frame (31), the rectangular channel (1) is welded to the supporting frame (31), and the foot frames (32) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the supporting frame (31); The suspension mechanism comprises a suspension hook, a hook ring, a chain and a driving machine, wherein the hook ring is provided in a pair, and the pair of hook rings are fixedly connected to both sides of the supporting steel frame (3), the suspension hook is buckled on the hook ring, one end of the suspension hook is fixedly connected to the chain, and the chain is fixedly connected to the driving machine; A lifting assembly (5) is arranged on the side of the supporting steel frame (3), and the lifting assembly (5) includes a screw (51), a nut (52) and an abutment plate (33). The screw (51) is vertically threaded and inserted into the tripod (32). The screw (51) is located on the lower side of the tripod (32) and is threadedly sleeved with the nut. The bottom end of the screw (51) is connected to the abutment plate (33).

2. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The abutting disc (33) comprises a disc body (331), a connecting head (332) and a connecting frame (333), wherein the connecting head (332) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw rod (51), and the connecting frame (333) is fixedly connected to the upper side of the disc body (331), and the connecting frame (333) and the connecting head (332) are connected by a ball joint.

3. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The rectangular channel (1) is provided with a first water grate (6) and a second water grate (7) from top to bottom. The first water grate (6) and the second water grate (7) are both detachably mounted. A leakage well is connected below the first water grate (6) and the second water grate (7). A pipe network is connected between the pair of leakage wells. The tail end of the pipe network is connected to a triangular water measuring weir (8).

4. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: The water intercepted by the first water grate (6) flows into the pipe network through the leaking well. The pipe network is composed of a number of pipes, one part of which flows through the pipe network to the velocity sensor, and the other part flows through the pipe network to the pressure sensor. The pressure sensor can measure the pressure and water head when the pipe is full and not full. The above two parts of water flow converge together after descending a certain distance in the pipe and are discharged into the downstream triangular water measuring weir (8) through the pipe network.

5. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The velocity sensor is configured as a Doppler flowmeter, located at the bottom of the pipeline, and is used to collect two hydraulic parameters, namely, the velocity and flow rate of the water flow in the pipeline.

6. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: A mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the pipe, an organic glass wedge is bonded in the mounting hole by adhesive, a threaded hole is provided on the organic glass wedge, a threaded rod is provided in the threaded hole, and the top of the threaded rod is connected to the pressure sensor.

7. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The water supply assembly (2) comprises a water inlet pipe (21), a valve (22), an electromagnetic flowmeter, a bend pipe (23) and a water tank (24). The water tank (24) is installed on the high end side of the rectangular channel (1). The water inlet pipe (21) is connected to the water tank (24). The valve (22) and the electromagnetic flowmeter are provided on the water inlet pipe (21). A water outlet pipe is provided on one side of the water tank (24).

8. The simulated urban road flooding test platform with adjustable horizontal and vertical slopes as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the water inlet pipe (21) is connected to a frequency conversion cabinet, and the frequency conversion cabinet is installed on the front side of the rectangular channel (1).

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