Integrated sensing protection device and automatic balance leveling cantilever beam pumping unit

Abstract

The present application relates to pumping unit technical field, it is a kind of integrated sensing protection device and automatic balancing walking beam pumping unit, the former includes cross arm, first load sensor and second load sensor, and the front side of cross arm is equipped with front installation slot that is through and opens to the front up and down.The present application is reasonable and compact, by setting first test hole and second test hole, first load sensor and second load sensor can be integrated together, the setting of front installation slot and rear installation slot, it is convenient to connect cross arm together by steel wire rope and polished rod, the setting of connecting hole, cross arm can be installed on donkey head, so that the load received in the process of up and down movement of polished rod can be acted on crosspiece by steel wire rope, after cross arm and donkey head interact, load can be transmitted to first load sensor and second load sensor, so that first load sensor and second load sensor can real-time acquisition load data received in the process of up and down movement of polished rod.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of oil pumping unit technology, specifically an integrated sensing and protection device and an automatically balancing beam oil pumping unit. Background Technology

[0002] Pumping units are currently the most widely used oil extraction equipment in oil production. In order to monitor the working status of the pumping unit system, it is necessary to measure the load on the polished rod of the pumping unit at all times. In the existing technology, load sensors are used to measure the load on the polished rod at all times. The load sensors are set between the suspension cable and the polished rod slip on the polished rod.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN112012718A discloses a load sensor protection device, which includes a base, an upper plate on top of the base, the upper plate and the base being parallel and spaced apart, a mounting cavity for mounting the load sensor between the upper plate and the base, a mounting position for mounting the load sensor on the base, a straightening hole on the mounting position, and damping buffer components on both sides of the mounting position on the base to buffer the impact force on the upper plate. During use, the return spring of the damping buffer component also acts on the upper plate after it moves downward, causing the load received by the upper plate to be less than the actual load. This results in deviations in the data collected by the load sensor, making it impossible to collect accurate data. Furthermore, the disassembly and assembly of the load sensor with the piston rod is difficult. Because the piston rod is fitted with a buffer return spring, the installation accuracy of the base and the upper plate is required to prevent uneven force on the buffer return springs on both sides, further increasing the installation difficulty.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN216446905U discloses a load sensor loading device, which includes a suspension rope device. The suspension rope device comprises a fixed plate, a limiting clamp, and a steel wire rope. The limiting clamp is located above the fixed plate and is engaged with the sucker rod. The steel wire rope and the fixed plate mutually limit each other, and the steel wire rope pulls the fixed plate upwards. The load sensor loading device also includes two lifting devices and a lifting clamp. The two lifting devices are detachably installed on both sides of the upper end face of the suspension rope device. The upper end face of the two lifting devices supports a load-bearing crossbeam. The lifting clamp is placed on the load-bearing crossbeam and is engaged with the sucker rod. This load sensor loading device involves complex disassembly and assembly of the steel wire rope, resulting in high maintenance costs and making it impossible to collect load data from the pumping unit.

[0005] Data acquisition (dynamometer card acquisition) for oil pumping units is typically located on the upper part of the polished rod or suspension cable, transmitting data via wired or wireless communication. Wired dynamometer cards, installed here, move up and down with the polished rod during operation. At a frequency of 5 times per minute, the cable moves back and forth 7200 times a day, 2,628,000 times a year. This frequent, continuous movement throughout the year can easily cause fatigue deformation of the load sensing device, leading to deviations and inaccuracies in the acquired data. It also significantly reduces the lifespan of the cable.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN221120251U discloses a liquid adjustment counterweight device for a tower-type pumping unit, comprising: a counterweight box mounted on the tower-type pumping unit; a liquid storage tank connected to the counterweight box; and a liquid storage tank connected to the liquid storage tank via a hose; wherein a pump is mounted on the hose. In this tower-type pumping unit liquid adjustment counterweight device, the hose connecting to the liquid storage tank frequently bends as the counterweight box moves up and down, which can easily lead to cracking of the hose and its connections. Furthermore, to allow the hose to bend and deform during the counterweight box's movement, it needs to be left to its natural position, which makes it susceptible to being stretched in windy conditions, increasing the load on one side of the counterweight box and thus reducing the pumping unit's balance.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN206694232U discloses a dynamic balancing device for an oil pumping unit, which includes a first liquid storage tank, a second liquid storage tank, a liquid guide pipe, a gas guide pipe, and an electrically controlled valve. The first liquid storage tank is fixed near the tail end of the walking beam of the oil pumping unit, and the second liquid storage tank is fixed near the head of the walking beam of the oil pumping unit. The first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank have the same volume. The lower parts of the first liquid storage tank and the second liquid storage tank are connected by the liquid guide pipe, and the top parts are connected by the gas guide pipe. The electrically controlled valve is installed on the liquid guide pipe, and when it is necessary to adjust the balance of the oil pumping unit, it is achieved by controlling the opening or closing of the electrically controlled valve. In this dynamic balancing device for the pumping unit, the liquid storage tank is placed on the upper side of the walking beam, which raises the center of gravity of the pumping unit and reduces its stability. Especially when operating in windy conditions, the pumping unit has high wind resistance and is prone to accidents. Secondly, since the walking beam generally swings within a range of ±35 degrees, the first and second liquid storage tanks need to have sufficient space to prevent liquid from flowing into the air duct when the two ends of the walking beam swing to their maximum value, which would reduce the flow of the automatic liquid. Moreover, during the swing of the walking beam, the liquid in the first and second liquid storage tanks flows between each other, but the balancing load of the pumping unit is generally greater than 2 tons, requiring the liquid in the first and second liquid storage tanks to have a large flow velocity. It is difficult to meet the balancing adjustment of the pumping unit by gravity alone.

[0008] Currently, balancing an oil pumping unit requires steps such as measuring the balance value, stopping the machine, manually adjusting the balancing mechanism, restarting the machine for measurement, and verification. Sometimes, multiple adjustments are needed to meet the requirements, but generally only 80% balance can be achieved. Commonly used balancing methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, involve frequent machine start-ups and shutdowns, consume a lot of electricity, and have limited effectiveness. The balancing process requires moving counterweights, resulting in high labor intensity and a risk of safety accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0009] This invention provides an integrated sensing protection device and an automatic balancing beam pumping unit, overcoming the shortcomings of the prior art. First, it solves the problems of inaccurate data acquisition and difficult installation of existing load sensing devices. Second, it solves the problems of high downtime, low production efficiency, and high labor intensity of personnel when the pumping unit automatically adjusts its balance rate during operation.

[0010] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: an integrated sensing and protection device, including a crossarm, a first load sensor and a second load sensor, a front mounting groove that runs vertically through the front side of the crossarm and opens forward, a rear mounting groove that has the same structure as the front mounting groove and is symmetrically distributed on the rear side of the crossarm, a first test hole and a second test hole are provided at intervals on the upper side of the crossarm corresponding to the position between the front mounting groove and the rear mounting groove, a vertically through connecting hole is provided in the center of the upper side of the crossarm corresponding to the position between the first test hole and the second test hole, and a first load sensor and a second load sensor are respectively installed in the first test hole and the second test hole.

[0011] The following are further optimizations and / or improvements to one of the above-mentioned technical solutions:

[0012] The aforementioned front mounting groove may include a notch and a recess. The front side of the crossarm is provided with a U-shaped notch that runs vertically through and opens forward, and the lower front side of the crossarm is provided with a recess that opens downward. The upper part of the recess is connected to the lower part of the notch.

[0013] The cross-section of the aforementioned settling trough can be in the shape of an arc, and the diameter of the settling trough is greater than the width of the notch.

[0014] The front left side of the aforementioned crossarm may be provided with a front limiting hole extending to the right side of the crossarm, and the front limiting hole is connected to the front part of the notch. The rear left side of the crossarm is provided with a rear limiting hole with the same structure as the front limiting hole.

[0015] The crossarm may have a fixing hole with an opening to the left on the left side. The inner wall of the right side of the fixing hole is provided with a first wire hole that communicates with the first test hole and a second wire hole that communicates with the second test hole. A protective connector is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. A first connecting cable with the first end connected to the first load sensor is provided in the first wire hole. A second connecting cable with the first end connected to the second load sensor is provided in the second wire hole. The second end of the second connecting cable and the second end of the first connecting cable are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the protective connector.

[0016] The lower front side of the crossarm may be provided with a first positioning hole whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the first test hole. A first positioning screw whose upper end is detachably fixed together with the lower part of the first load sensor is fixedly installed in the first positioning hole. The lower rear side of the crossarm is provided with a second positioning hole whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the second test hole. A second positioning screw whose upper end is detachably fixed together with the lower part of the second load sensor is fixedly installed in the second positioning hole.

[0017] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: An automatic balancing walking beam pumping unit includes an integrated sensing and protection device, a frame, a hinge shaft, a walking beam, a left walking beam head, a right walking beam head, a reducer, a counterweight box, a drive motor, and a controller. The upper side of the frame and the lower side of the middle of the walking beam are hinged together by the hinge shaft. The left walking beam head is detachably and fixedly installed on the left end. A counterweight wire rope is fixedly connected between the left part of the left walking beam head and the upper side of the counterweight box located below the left walking beam head. The output shaft of the drive motor is connected to the input shaft of the reducer. A crank is fixedly installed on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer. A connecting rod is hingedly installed between the crank and the lower right side of the walking beam head. The right walking beam head is detachably and fixedly installed on the right end. A corresponding upper left side of the right walking beam head head is provided with... A fixed slot contains a fixed base. A front guide wheel and a rear guide wheel are rotatably mounted at intervals on the upper left side of the right donkey head. An integrated sensing and protection device is located below the fixed base. A connecting rod with its upper end mounted on the fixed base is fitted into the connecting hole of the integrated sensing and protection device. A front oil extraction wire rope with its first end fixed in the front mounting slot is wound around the upper outer side of the front guide wheel. The second end of the front oil extraction wire rope passes over the outer right side of the right donkey head and is located below the right donkey head. A rear oil extraction wire rope with its first end fixed in the rear mounting slot is wound around the upper outer side of the rear guide wheel. The second end of the rear oil extraction wire rope passes over the outer right side of the right donkey head and is located below the right donkey head. Both the first load sensor and the second load sensor are connected to the controller, which is connected to the drive motor.

[0018] A liquid storage tank can be installed at the lower part of the left donkey head. A delivery pump and a liquid storage tank are provided below the left donkey head. The delivery pump can deliver the liquid filled in the liquid storage tank to the liquid storage tank to increase the weight of the left donkey head. The delivery pump can also deliver the liquid in the liquid storage tank to the liquid storage tank to reduce the weight of the left donkey head.

[0019] The aforementioned liquid storage tank may be provided with inlet and outlet ports that are connected internally and externally at intervals on its outer side. A first rotary joint is installed in front of the hinge shaft. A first inlet and a second inlet are spaced apart at the front of the first rotary joint. A first outlet and a second outlet are spaced apart at the rear of the first rotary joint. The first outlet is connected to the first inlet, and the second outlet is connected to the second inlet. An inlet pipeline is fixedly connected between the first outlet and the inlet port, and an outlet pipeline is fixedly connected between the second outlet and the outlet port. The delivery pump includes a first pump and a second pump. The outlet of the liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the inlet of the first pump. A liquid addition pipeline is fixedly connected between the outlet of the first pump and the first inlet port. The inlet of the liquid storage tank is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second pump. A return pipeline is fixedly connected between the inlet of the second pump and the second inlet port.

[0020] A third load sensor for collecting load data of the left donkey head can be provided between the left end of the aforementioned walking beam and the left donkey head. The third load sensor is connected to the controller, and the controller is connected to the first pump and the second pump respectively.

[0021] This invention features a reasonable and compact structure. By setting the first and second test holes, the first and second load sensors can be integrated together. The front and rear mounting slots facilitate the connection of the crossarm to the guide rod via steel wire rope. The connection hole allows the crossarm to be mounted on the pumping unit's head. During the up-and-down movement of the guide rod, the load is transferred to the crossbar via the steel wire rope. The interaction between the crossarm and the pumping unit's head transmits the load to the first and second load sensors. These sensors can then collect real-time load data during the guide rod's up-and-down movement. The average value of the data collected by the first and second load sensors is calculated, resulting in more accurate load data. Concentrating the first and second load sensors on the crossarm also reduces installation difficulty. Installing the integrated sensing and protection device of this application on the pumping unit's head prevents the cable from breaking due to repeated bending during the pumping unit's up-and-down movement, thus extending its service life. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Appendix Figure 1 These are schematic diagrams of the main structure of embodiments one to six of the present invention.

[0023] Appendix Figure 2 These are top view structural diagrams of embodiments one to four of the present invention.

[0024] Appendix Figure 3 For the appendix Figure 2 Enlarged cross-sectional view of the crossarm at point AA.

[0025] Appendix Figure 4 For the appendix Figure 2 A top-view enlarged cross-sectional structural diagram of the crossarm.

[0026] Appendix Figure 5 For the appendix Figure 1 An enlarged structural diagram of the crossarm in the middle, viewed from below.

[0027] Appendix Figure 6 For the appendix Figure 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the crossarm in the diagram.

[0028] Appendix Figure 7 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of embodiments one through seven of the present invention.

[0029] Appendix Figure 8 For the appendix Figure 7 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the first load sensor in the diagram.

[0030] Appendix Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a partial sectional view of the main structure of Embodiment 8 of the present invention.

[0031] Appendix Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a partial sectional view of the right donkey's head from the left side in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0032] Appendix Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the right donkey head in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0033] Appendix Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a partial sectional view of the right donkey's head from the left side in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0034] Appendix Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the right donkey head in Embodiment 8 of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0035] Appendix Figure 14 These are schematic diagrams of partial cross-sectional views of embodiments nine to eleven of the present invention.

[0036] Appendix Figure 15 These are three-dimensional structural diagrams of embodiments nine to eleven of the present invention.

[0037] Appendix Figure 16 For the appendix Figure 15 A magnified structural diagram of point A in the middle.

[0038] Appendix Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the liquid storage tank and the liquid storage vessel in embodiments nine to eleven of the present invention.

[0039] Appendix Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of Embodiment Eleven of the present invention.

[0040] The codes in the attached diagram are as follows: 1 for crossarm, 2 for first load sensor, 3 for second load sensor, 4 for connection hole, 5 for first test hole, 6 for second test hole, 7 for rear mounting slot, 8 for notch, 9 for countersunk groove, 10 for front limit hole, 11 for rear limit hole, 12 for protective patch, 13 for fixing hole, 14 for first wiring hole, 15 for second wiring hole, 16 for protective connector, 17 for first connecting cable, 18 for second connecting cable, 19 for first positioning hole, 20 for first positioning screw, 21 for second positioning hole, 22 for second positioning screw, 23 for frame, 24 for walking beam, 25 for left donkey head, 26 for right donkey head, 27 for... The reducer consists of: 28 drive motor, 29 controller, 30 crank, 31 connecting rod, 32 counterweight box, 33 counterweight wire rope, 34 fixing groove, 35 fixing seat, 36 connecting rod, 37 front oil extraction wire rope, 38 rear oil extraction wire rope, 39 front guide wheel, 40 rear guide wheel, 41 hinge shaft, 42 liquid storage tank, 43 liquid storage container, 44 first rotary joint, 45 first liquid inlet connection line, 46 second liquid inlet connection line, 47 first connection joint, 48 liquid outlet line, 49 first pump, 50 second pump, 51 liquid filling line, 52 liquid return line, and 53 third load sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation can be determined according to the technical solution of the present invention and the actual situation.

[0042] In this invention, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of front, back, top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 1 The orientation of the layout is determined by the direction of the map.

[0043] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings:

[0044] Example 1: As shown in the attached document Figures 1 to 7 As shown, the integrated sensing and protection device includes a crossarm 1, a first load sensor 2, and a second load sensor 3. The front side of the crossarm 1 is provided with a front mounting groove that runs vertically through and opens forward. The rear side of the crossarm 1 is provided with a rear mounting groove 7 that has the same structure as the front mounting groove and is symmetrically distributed. The upper side of the crossarm 1, corresponding to the position between the front mounting groove and the rear mounting groove 7, is provided with a first test hole 5 and a second test hole 6 at intervals. The upper center of the crossarm 1, corresponding to the position between the first test hole 5 and the second test hole 6, is provided with a vertically through connecting hole 4. The first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 are respectively installed in the first test hole 5 and the second test hole 6.

[0045] As required, the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 are both existing known technologies, such as the EVT load sensor. During use, by setting the first test hole 5 and the second test hole 6, the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 can be integrated together. The front mounting slot and the rear mounting slot 7 facilitate the connection of the crossarm 1 to the guide rod via a wire rope. The connection hole 4 allows the crossarm 1 to be installed on the guide rod head. In this way, the load on the guide rod during its up-and-down movement can be transferred to the crossarm 1 via the wire rope. After the crossarm 1 interacts with the guide rod head, the load can be transferred to the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3. Thus, the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 can collect the load data on the guide rod during its up-and-down movement in real time. The average value (arithmetic average) of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 is calculated, which makes the collected load data more accurate. Concentrating the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 on the crossarm 1 also reduces the installation difficulty. Installing the integrated sensing protection device of this application on the guide rod head of the pumping unit can prevent the cable from breaking due to repeated bending during the up-and-down swing of the guide rod head, thus extending its service life.

[0046] The aforementioned integrated sensing and protection device can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs:

[0047] Example 2: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 3 As shown in Figures 5, 6, and 7, the front mounting groove includes a notch 8 and a recessed groove 9. The front side of the crossarm 1 is provided with a U-shaped notch 8 that runs vertically through and opens forward, and the lower front side of the crossarm 1 is provided with a recessed groove 9 that opens downward. The upper part of the recessed groove 9 is connected to the lower part of the notch 8.

[0048] During use, the wire rope is looped inside the notch 8, and a clamp is installed inside the sinker 9. The clamp is fixed to the end of the wire rope. After the wire rope is pulled up, the upper part of the clamp interacts with the step between the sinker 9 and the notch 8. The test ends of the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 interact with the donkey head. In this way, the wire rope can transfer the tension to the crossarm 1, which facilitates the data collection of the tension on the wire rope. The clamp can be made using existing known technology, such as the Babbitt metallurgy method, in which liquid lead is formed by melting lead at high temperature and pouring loose strands of wire rope into the rope head cavity. After cooling, the two metals are fused together to make the braided rope head of the oil pumping unit. The clamp can also be a pear-shaped rope loop (pear-shaped connector), which facilitates the disassembly and assembly of the integrated sensing protection device and the wire rope.

[0049] Example 3: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 5 As shown, the cross-section of the settling groove 9 is curved, and the diameter of the settling groove 9 is greater than the width of the notch 8.

[0050] As required, the distance between the central axis of the sinker 9 and the front side of the crossarm 1 is greater than the diameter of the sinker 9, and the central axis of the sinker 9 coincides with the central axis of the rear part of the notch 8. During use, with this setting, the rope end fixed to the end of the wire rope is stuck in the sinker 9, that is, the existing cold-pressed oil pump's braided rope end can be stuck in the sinker 9, so that the load on the wire rope can be transferred to the crossarm 1.

[0051] Example 4: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figures 6 and 7, a front limiting hole 10 extending to the right side of the front left side of the crossarm 1 is provided, and the front limiting hole 10 is connected to the front of the notch 8. A rear limiting hole 11 with the same structure as the front limiting hole 10 is provided on the rear left side of the crossarm 1.

[0052] After the wire rope is placed inside the front and rear mounting slots 7, pins are inserted into both the front and rear limiting holes 10 and 11. These pins limit the wire rope within the mounting slots, preventing it from separating from the slots and ensuring it remains within the slots during use. This ensures a reliable connection between the wire rope and the integrated sensor protection device. To disassemble, the pins in the limiting holes are removed, and the wire rope is then taken out from the notch 8 in the mounting slot. This process facilitates easy disassembly and maintenance of the integrated sensor protection device.

[0053] Example 5: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 1 , 6 As shown in Figures 7 and 8, protective patches 12 are fixedly installed on the upper ends of the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3. The diameter of the protective patch 12 is larger than the diameter of the first test hole 5.

[0054] According to the requirements, protective patches 12 are fixedly installed on the test ends of the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3. The protective patches 12 are integrated with the load sensors. There is a gap between the lower end of the protective patch 12 and the upper side of the crossarm 1. The diameter of the protective patch 12 is larger than the diameter of the first test hole 5. In this way, when the pressure value collected by the load sensor exceeds the set range, the lower end of the protective patch 12 contacts the upper side of the crossarm 1. Thus, the protective patch 12 can protect the load sensor and prevent it from being damaged.

[0055] Example 6: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix Figure 1 , 2As shown in Figures 4, 6, and 7, a fixing hole 13 with an opening to the left is provided on the left side of the crossarm 1. The inner wall of the right side of the fixing hole 13 is provided with a first wire hole 14 that communicates with the first test hole 5 and a second wire hole 15 that communicates with the second test hole 6. A protective connector 16 is fixedly installed in the fixing hole 13. A first connecting cable 17 with its first end connected to the first load sensor 2 is provided in the first wire hole 14. A second connecting cable 18 with its first end connected to the second load sensor 3 is provided in the second wire hole 15. The second end of the second connecting cable 18 and the second end of the first connecting cable 17 are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the protective connector 16.

[0056] Depending on the requirements, the protective connector 16 is a known technology, such as an aviation plug or a waterproof plug, which allows for quick plugging and unplugging between the plug and socket of the protective connector 16, facilitating the connection between the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 and the equipment. A connecting plate is fixed to the outer right side of the protective connector 16 (socket), and the left side of the connecting plate is detachably fixed to the right side of the crossarm 1 by 2 to 6 spaced connecting screws.

[0057] During use, the first wire hole 14 and the second wire hole 15 can integrate the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 into the crossarm 1, which can protect the first connecting cable 17 and the second connecting cable 18, prevent fatigue damage to the first connecting cable 17 and the second connecting cable 18 in the harsh outdoor environment, reduce the failure rate, and ensure that the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 can collect data normally.

[0058] Example 7: As an optimization of the above examples, as shown in the appendix. Figure 3 , 4 As shown in Figure 5, the lower front side of the crossarm 1 is provided with a first positioning hole 19 whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the first test hole 5. A first positioning screw 20 whose upper end is detachably fixed to the lower part of the first load sensor 2 is fixedly installed in the first positioning hole 19. The lower rear side of the crossarm 1 is provided with a second positioning hole 21 whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the second test hole 6. A second positioning screw 22 whose upper end is detachably fixed to the lower part of the second load sensor 3 is fixedly installed in the second positioning hole 21.

[0059] During use, by setting the first positioning screw 20 and the second positioning screw 22, the height of the first load sensor 2 and the second sensor test end can be adjusted so that the test end of the first load sensor 2 and the test end of the second load sensor 3 are at the same height. This makes the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 more accurate. At the same time, it can also fix the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3, preventing the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 from being displaced during the movement of the crossarm 1, which would cause the collected data to deviate.

[0060] Example 8: As attached Figures 1 to 13 As shown, the automatic balancing beam pumping unit includes an integrated sensing and protection device, a frame 23, a hinge shaft 41, a walking beam 24, a left donkey head 25, a right donkey head 26, a reducer 27, a counterweight box 32, a drive motor 28, and a controller 29. The upper side of the frame 23 and the lower middle part of the walking beam 24 are hinged together by the hinge shaft 41. The left donkey head 25 is detachably and fixedly installed on the left end of the walking beam 24. A counterweight steel wire rope 33 is fixedly connected between the left part of the left donkey head 25 and the upper part of the counterweight box 32 located below the left donkey head 25. The output shaft of the drive motor 28 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 27. A crank 30 is fixedly installed on the outside of the output shaft of the reducer 27. A connecting rod 31 is hinged between the crank 30 and the lower right part of the walking beam 24. The right donkey head 26 is detachably and fixedly installed on the right end of the walking beam 24. A fixing groove 34 is provided on the upper left side of the right donkey head 26 corresponding to the position above the walking beam 24. A fixed base 35 is fixedly installed in the fixed groove 34. A front guide wheel 39 and a rear guide wheel 40 are rotatably installed on the upper left side of the right donkey head 26 at intervals. An integrated sensing and protection device is located on the lower side of the fixed base 35. A connecting rod 36 with its upper end installed together with the fixed base 35 is fitted into the connecting hole of the integrated sensing and protection device. A front oil extraction wire rope 37 with its first end fixedly installed in the front mounting groove is wound around the upper outer side of the front guide wheel 39. The second end of the front oil extraction wire rope 37 passes around the right outer side of the right donkey head 26 and is located below the right donkey head 26. A rear oil extraction wire rope 38 with its first end fixedly installed in the rear mounting groove 7 is wound around the upper outer side of the rear guide wheel 40. The second end of the rear oil extraction wire rope 38 passes around the right outer side of the right donkey head 26 and is located below the right donkey head 26. The first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 are both connected to the controller 29. The controller 29 is connected to the drive motor 28.

[0061] According to the requirements, the controller 29 is a known existing technology, such as a programmable controller or an RTU monitor. To facilitate the disassembly and maintenance of the integrated sensing and protection device and the right donkey head 26, a known pulley frame is installed in the fixing groove 34 above the fixing seat 35. Two fixed pulleys are rotatably installed in the pulley frame. The two fixed pulleys are arranged vertically and horizontally. The first end of the front oil extraction wire rope 37 passes over the upper fixed pulley and is fixedly connected to the first end of the rear oil extraction wire rope 38. That is, the front oil extraction wire rope 37 and the rear oil extraction wire rope 38 are a single wire rope. A connecting wire rope is wound around the upper outer side of the lower fixed pulley. The two ends of the connecting wire rope pass through the fixing seat 35 and are fixedly installed in the front mounting groove and the rear mounting groove 7 respectively. The upper end of the connecting rod 36 is screwed to the fixing seat 35. Connected together, the lower outer side of the connecting rod 36 is fitted into the connecting hole 4. The lower end of the connecting rod 36 is fixed with a ring platform that contacts the lower side of the crossarm 1. The distance between the upper end of the protective patch 12 and the lower side of the fixed seat 35 can be adjusted so that both protective patches 12 of the integrated sensing protection device are in contact with the lower side of the fixed seat 35. When the right donkey head 26 swings upward, the integrated sensing protection device collects the tension of the right donkey head 26 acting on the smooth rod. When the right donkey head 26 swings downward, the integrated sensing protection device collects the tension of the smooth rod acting on the crossarm 1. The counterweight box 32 is a known technology and can be a closed shell filled with counterweight material (such as concrete) or a box structure with multiple installation cavities. Each installation cavity can be detachably installed with a counterweight block.

[0062] In use, the second end of the rear pumping wire rope 38 and the second end of the front pumping wire rope 37 are fixedly connected to the suspension device. The integrated sensor protection device is located between the lower side of the fixed base 35 and the upper part of the walking beam 24. The first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 are both connected to the controller 29. The protective connector 16 of the integrated sensor protection device is connected to the controller 29 via a cable. The cable is laid along the side of the walking beam 24 and the surface of the frame 23. In this way, the cable will not bend when it swings up and down with the donkey head. However, the dynamometer installed on the suspension device moves up and down with the suspension device with a large amplitude. The cable between the dynamometer and the controller 29 is prone to breakage due to bending. Installing the integrated sensor protection device on the lower side of the fixed base 35 of the right donkey head 26 can extend the service life of the cable connecting the integrated sensor protection device and the controller 29 and reduce the failure rate of the pumping unit.

[0063] Example 9: As attached Figure 14 , 15As shown in Figure 16, a liquid storage tank 42 is installed at the lower part of the left donkey head 25. A delivery pump and a liquid storage tank 43 are provided below the left donkey head 25. The delivery pump can deliver the liquid filled in the liquid storage tank 43 to the liquid storage tank 42 to increase the weight of the left donkey head 25, and the delivery pump can deliver the liquid in the liquid storage tank 42 to the liquid storage tank 43 to reduce the weight of the left donkey head 25.

[0064] During use, this setup facilitates the adjustment of the weight of the counterweight box 32. When the pumping unit needs to adjust the counterweight due to changes in the underground reservoir and downhole conditions, the weight of the liquid in the storage tank 42 can be adjusted by using the delivery pump without shutting down the unit. This adjusts the load on the counterweight on the left pump head 25 and the storage tank 42 to achieve a suitable counterweight. This avoids the pumping unit stopping and affecting production efficiency. When adjusting the weight of the counterweight box 32, it also reduces the safety risks for operators when removing and placing counterweights in the counterweight box 32, making the balance adjustment of the pumping unit more convenient and safer.

[0065] When the load on the lifting rod increases, the load on the left end of the walking beam 24 needs to be increased. The liquid in the storage tank 43 is transferred to the storage tank 42 by the transfer pump, thereby increasing the load on the left end of the walking beam 24. When the load on the lifting rod decreases, the load on the left end of the walking beam 24 needs to be reduced. The liquid in the storage tank 42 is transferred to the storage tank 43 by the transfer pump, thereby reducing the load on the left end of the walking beam 24. This can reduce the load on the pumping unit motor, reduce power consumption, and achieve energy saving.

[0066] Depending on the requirements, the liquid storage tank 42 is a closed, U-shaped box with an upward-facing opening. The lower part of the liquid storage tank 42 has a drain hole that connects the inside and outside, and a plug is screwed into the drain hole for easy replacement of the liquid or cleaning of the inner wall of the liquid storage tank 42 after all the liquid in the tank has been drained. The liquid storage tank 42 can also be a square box. A through-hole is provided at the lower part of the left end 25, and the middle part of the liquid storage tank 42 is fixedly installed in the through-hole. To prevent the liquid in the liquid storage tank 42 and the liquid storage container 43 from being exposed to low temperatures... In the event of freezing in the environment, the circulating liquid in the storage tank 43 and the storage container 42 is a known antifreeze, such as a -35 degree floor heating air source heat pump antifreeze. Alternatively, an insulation layer can be installed on the outside of the delivery pump, the storage tank 42, the storage container 43, and the connecting pipes between them. Both the storage tank 42 and the storage container 43 are made of high-strength composite materials. The storage tank 43 has a capacity of 3.5 cubic meters, and the storage container 42 has a capacity of 2.8 to 3 cubic meters. This can meet the balance adjustment of most pumping units at the well site.

[0067] Example 10: As attached Figure 14 , 15As shown in Figures 16 and 17, the outer side of the storage tank 42 is provided with an inlet and an outlet that are connected internally and externally. A first rotary joint 44 is installed in front of the hinge shaft 41. The front part of the first rotary joint 44 is provided with a first inlet and a second inlet, and the rear part of the first rotary joint 44 is provided with a first outlet and a second outlet. The first outlet is connected to the first inlet, and the second outlet is connected to the second inlet. An inlet pipeline is fixedly connected between the first outlet and the inlet. An outlet pipeline 48 is fixedly connected between the second outlet and the outlet. The delivery pump includes a first pump 49 and a second pump 50. The outlet of the storage tank 43 is fixedly connected to the inlet of the first pump 49. A liquid addition pipeline 51 is fixedly connected between the outlet of the first pump 49 and the first inlet. The inlet of the storage tank 43 is fixedly connected to the outlet of the second pump 50. A return pipeline 52 is fixedly connected between the inlet of the second pump 50 and the second inlet.

[0068] According to requirements, in order to facilitate the disassembly and assembly of the left donkey head 25 and the walking beam 24, the liquid inlet pipeline includes a first liquid inlet connecting pipeline 45, a second liquid inlet connecting pipeline 46, and a first connecting joint 47. The first end of the first liquid inlet connecting pipeline 45 is fixedly connected to the liquid inlet hole. The second end of the first liquid inlet connecting pipeline 45 and the first end of the second liquid inlet connecting pipeline 46 are detachably and fixedly connected together through the first connecting joint 47. The second end of the second liquid inlet connecting pipeline 46 is fixedly connected to the first liquid outlet. The first connecting joint 47 can be a known technology, such as a hose connector, hydraulic pipe connector, union connector, or unibody connector. The liquid outlet pipeline 48 has the same structure as the liquid inlet pipeline, which facilitates the quick disassembly and assembly between the left donkey head 25 and the walking beam 24.

[0069] The first rotary joint 44 is a known prior art technology, such as a multi-channel rotary joint for hydraulic oil or a dual-channel rotary joint (MF02040 cooling water rotary joint), or a dual-channel rotary joint as described in Chinese document CN217056746U. The rotating body of the first rotary joint 44 is coaxially arranged with the hinge shaft 41. The fixed joint of the first rotary joint 44 is fixedly installed on the upper side of the frame 23 through a fixed seat. Thus, the first inlet connection line 45 and the second inlet connection line 45 installed on the rotating body are connected together. The connecting line 46 can rotate relative to the fixed joint, that is, the first liquid inlet connecting line 45 and the second liquid inlet connecting line 46 can swing back and forth with the walking beam 24, and can also be connected to the liquid filling line 51 and the liquid return line 52. In this way, during the operation of the pumping unit, the liquid storage tank 43 and the liquid storage tank 42 can be connected, which facilitates the addition of antifreeze to the liquid storage tank 42 to increase the load on the left end of the walking beam 24 or the removal of antifreeze to reduce the load on the right end of the walking beam 24. The first rotary joint 44 can also be installed behind the hinge shaft 41.

[0070] Alternatively, a second rotary joint can be installed in front of and behind the hinge shaft 41. The second rotary joint is a known prior art, such as a single-channel rotary joint, or a single-channel rotary joint disclosed in Chinese patent document CN209469916U. The outlet of the first pump 49 and the right end of the inlet pipeline are fixedly connected through one of the second rotary joints, and the inlet of the second pump 50 and the right end of the outlet pipeline 48 are fixedly connected through another second rotary joint. Both the first pump 49 and the second pump 50 are known prior art, such as mud pumps. Both the first pump 49 and the second pump 50 are installed on the ground foundation. When the first pump 49 is working, it can pump the antifreeze in the storage tank 43 into the storage tank 42, thereby increasing the load on the left end of the walking beam 24. When the second pump 50 is working, it can pump the antifreeze in the storage tank 42 back into the storage tank 43, thereby reducing the load on the left end of the walking beam 24.

[0071] The first pump 49 can also be a mud conveying pump installed on the ground foundation. The second pump 50 is a submersible pump installed in the storage tank 42. The outlet of the submersible pump is connected to one end of the outlet pipeline 48, and the other end of the outlet pipeline 48 is fixedly connected to the second outlet. The return pipeline 52 is fixedly connected between the second inlet and the inlet of the outlet tank. This allows the antifreeze in the storage tank 42 to be quickly discharged into the storage tank 43 for storage.

[0072] Example 11: As attached Figure 18 As shown, a third load sensor 53 for collecting load data of the left donkey head 25 is provided between the left end of the walking beam 24 and the left donkey head 25. The third load sensor 53 is connected to the controller 29, and the controller 29 is connected to the first pump 49 and the second pump 50 respectively.

[0073] As required, the third load sensor 53 is a known pin-shaft sensor, and the third load sensor 53 is installed between the upper left end of the walking beam 24 and the right side of the left donkey head 25.

[0074] Controller 29 is used to determine the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 and the data collected by the third load sensor 53, and to compare the difference between the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 and the data collected by the third load sensor 53 and a set value.

[0075] If the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is small, and the difference between the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 and the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is greater than the set value, the set value can be set according to the load change during the up and down movement of the guide rod. In this embodiment, the set value is 500Kg (5KN), which means that the load on the right end of the walking beam 24 has increased. At this time, the controller 29 sends a start signal to the first pump 49. The first pump 49 delivers the antifreeze in the storage tank 43 to the storage tank 42 to increase the load on the left end of the walking beam 24. When the difference between the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 and the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is less than or equal to the set value, the loads on the left and right ends of the walking beam 24 are in a balanced state. The controller 29 sends a stop signal to the first pump 49, and the first pump 49 stops working. In this way, when the load on the right end of the walking beam 24 increases, the balance of the pumping unit can be automatically adjusted.

[0076] If the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is large, and the difference between the average value of the data collected by the third load sensor 53 and the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 is greater than the set value, it indicates that the load on the right end of the walking beam 24 has decreased. At this time, the controller 29 sends a start signal to the second pump 50, and the second pump 50 delivers the antifreeze in the storage tank 42 to the storage tank 43 to reduce the load on the left end of the walking beam 24. When the difference between the average value of the data collected by the third load sensor 53 and the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 is less than or equal to the set value, the loads on the left and right ends of the walking beam 24 are in a balanced state. The controller 29 sends a stop signal to the second pump 50, and the second pump 50 stops working. In this way, the balance of the pumping unit can be automatically adjusted when the load on the right end of the walking beam 24 decreases.

[0077] This allows the pumping unit to achieve balance adjustment during operation, reducing the labor intensity of operators in moving counterweights during the balance adjustment process. It also reduces the safety risks for operators when taking and placing counterweights in the counterweight box 32, making the balance adjustment operation of the pumping unit more convenient and safer. The pumping unit can always maintain a balanced state during operation, which can reduce the load on the pumping unit motor, reduce power consumption, and achieve energy saving.

[0078] To prevent the first pump 49 from delivering too much antifreeze to the storage tank 42 and the second pump 50 from emptying all the antifreeze in the storage tank 42 into the storage tank 43, a known liquid level sensor, such as an immersion liquid level sensor, is installed in the storage tank 42. The liquid level sensor is connected to the controller 29. When the liquid level of the antifreeze delivered by the first pump 49 to the storage tank 42 exceeds the upper limit value set in the controller 29, the first pump 49 stops working. If the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is small at this time, and the difference between the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 and the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is greater than the set value, it indicates that the load on the right end of the walking beam 24 is too large, that is, the load increases during the up-and-down movement of the guide rod. The guide rod may encounter resistance during the up-and-down movement. In this case, the controller 29 stops the drive motor 28 and sends an alarm message to the monitoring center via wireless communication to prevent the increased load during the up-and-down movement of the guide rod from damaging the drive motor 28.

[0079] When the second pump 50 delivers antifreeze from the storage tank 42 to the storage tank 43, causing the antifreeze level in the storage tank 42 to fall below the lower limit value set in the controller 29, the second pump 50 stops working. If the data collected by the third load sensor 53 is large at this time, and the difference between the data collected by the third load sensor 53 and the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor 2 and the second load sensor 3 is greater than the set value, it indicates that the load on the right end of the walking beam 24 is too small, that is, the load decreases during the up and down movement of the guide rod, and the guide rod may break. In this case, the controller 29 causes the drive motor 28 to stop working and sends an alarm message to the monitoring center via wireless communication to prevent the drive motor 28 from running idle and doing useless work.

[0080] Since the load data of the walking beam 24 changes within a certain range when the polished rod moves upward and downward, in order to prevent the controller 29 from causing the first pump 49 and the second pump 50 to work, the data acquisition period of the first load sensor 2, the second load sensor 3 and the third load sensor 53 is set to 3 to 10 seconds. In this way, the load change during the transition of the polished rod rising and falling will not affect the operation of the controller 29 and the automatic adjustment of the pumping unit balance.

[0081] A known tilt sensor can be installed at the end of the hinge shaft 41. The tilt sensor, together with the first load sensor 2, the second load sensor 3 and the third load sensor 53, can generate a diagram through the controller 29, which can then be used to analyze and determine the operating environment of the pumping unit.

[0082] The above technical features constitute various embodiments of the present invention, which have strong adaptability and implementation effect. Unnecessary technical features can be added or removed according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. An automatic balancing beam pumping unit, comprising an integrated sensing and protection device, characterized in that... The integrated sensing and protection device includes a crossarm, a first load sensor, and a second load sensor. The front side of the crossarm is provided with a front mounting groove that runs vertically through and opens forward. The rear side of the crossarm is provided with a rear mounting groove that has the same structure as the front mounting groove and is symmetrically distributed. The upper side of the crossarm corresponding to the position between the front mounting groove and the rear mounting groove is provided with a first test hole and a second test hole at intervals. The upper side of the crossarm corresponding to the position between the first test hole and the second test hole is provided with a vertically through connecting hole. The first load sensor and the second load sensor are respectively installed in the first test hole and the second test hole. A fixing groove is provided on the left side of the upper part of the right donkey head corresponding to the position above the walking beam. A fixing seat is fixedly installed in the fixing groove. An integrated sensing and protection device is located on the lower side of the fixing seat. A connecting rod with the upper end installed together with the fixing seat is fitted in the connecting hole of the integrated sensing and protection device. The first load sensor and the second load sensor are both connected to the controller. A liquid storage tank is installed at the lower part of the left donkey head. A delivery pump and a liquid storage tank are located below the left donkey head. The delivery pump can deliver the liquid filled in the liquid storage tank to the liquid storage tank to increase the weight of the left donkey head. The delivery pump can also deliver the liquid in the liquid storage tank to the liquid storage tank to reduce the weight of the left donkey head. The delivery pump includes a first pump and a second pump; A third load sensor for collecting load data of the left donkey head is provided between the left end of the walking beam and the left donkey head. The third load sensor is connected to the controller, and the controller is connected to the first pump and the second pump respectively. The controller is used to determine the average value of the data collected by the first and second load sensors and the data collected by the third load sensor, and to compare the difference between the average value of the data collected by the first and second load sensors and the data collected by the third load sensor with a set value. If the comparison indicates that the load on the right end of the walking beam has increased, the first pump will transfer the antifreeze from the storage tank to the storage tank to increase the load on the left end of the walking beam. When the difference between the average value of the data collected by the first load sensor and the second load sensor and the data collected by the third load sensor is less than or equal to the set value, the first pump will stop working. If the comparison indicates that the load on the right end of the walking beam has decreased, the second pump will transfer antifreeze from the storage tank to the storage container to reduce the load on the left end of the walking beam. When the difference between the data collected by the third load sensor and the average value of the data collected by the first and second load sensors is less than or equal to the set value, the second pump will stop working.

2. The automatic balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 1, characterized in that... The front mounting groove includes a notch and a recess. The front side of the crossarm is provided with a U-shaped notch that runs vertically through and opens forward. The lower front side of the crossarm is provided with a recess that opens downward. The upper part of the recess is connected to the lower part of the notch.

3. The automatic balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 2, characterized in that... The cross-section of the settling trough is arc-shaped, and the diameter of the settling trough is greater than the width of the notch; or / and, a front limiting hole is provided on the left side of the front part of the crossarm, extending to the right side of the crossarm, and the front limiting hole is connected to the front part of the notch; a rear limiting hole with the same structure as the front limiting hole is provided on the left side of the rear part of the crossarm.

4. The automatic balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that... The crossarm has a fixing hole with an opening to the left on the left side. The inner wall of the right side of the fixing hole has a first wire hole that communicates with the first test hole and a second wire hole that communicates with the second test hole. A protective connector is fixedly installed in the fixing hole. A first connecting cable with the first end connected to the first load sensor is installed in the first wire hole. A second connecting cable with the first end connected to the second load sensor is installed in the second wire hole. The second end of the second connecting cable and the second end of the first connecting cable are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the protective connector.

5. The automatic balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that... The lower front side of the crossarm is provided with a first positioning hole whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the first test hole. A first positioning screw whose upper end is detachably fixed to the lower part of the first load sensor is fixedly installed in the first positioning hole. The lower rear side of the crossarm is provided with a second positioning hole whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the second test hole. A second positioning screw whose upper end is detachably fixed to the lower part of the second load sensor is fixedly installed in the second positioning hole.

6. The automatic balancing beam pumping unit according to claim 4, characterized in that... The lower front side of the crossarm is provided with a first positioning hole whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the first test hole. A first positioning screw whose upper end is detachably fixed to the lower part of the first load sensor is fixedly installed in the first positioning hole. The lower rear side of the crossarm is provided with a second positioning hole whose upper end is connected to the lower part of the second test hole. A second positioning screw whose upper end is detachably fixed to the lower part of the second load sensor is fixedly installed in the second positioning hole.

Images