Multi-environment simulation wind field test equipment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel simulation, and provides multi-environment simulation wind field test equipment which is of an axial symmetry structure and comprises a pressure stabilizing cabin, an inner cabin and an outer cabin, the pressure stabilizing cabin and the inner cabin are installed in the outer cabin in an up-down stacking mode, and an airflow circulation channel is formed between the pressure stabilizing cabin and the inner cabin and the outer cabin; two groups of expandable horizontal air passage roller shutters are arranged in the inner cabin, when the two groups of horizontal air passage roller shutters are in an expanded state, the two groups of horizontal air passage roller shutters and two oppositely arranged cabin walls in the inner cabin are enclosed to form a rectangular horizontal air flow channel, and the rectangular horizontal air flow channel can be matched with the air flow circulation channel to provide a horizontal linear flow wind field; and when the two groups of horizontal air passage roller shutters are in a storage state, the air flow circulating passage can be matched with the inner cabin and the pressure stabilizing cabin to provide a vertical air flow field or a rotating air flow field. The simulation requirements of various complex wind environments can be effectively met in a limited space range.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wind tunnel simulation technology, and in particular to a multi-environment simulated wind field test device. Background Art

[0002] The development of the low-altitude economy has not only driven technological innovation and industrial upgrading but has also become a new engine for regional economic development. For example, low-altitude flight equipment, such as drones and future urban aircraft, is increasingly being used in daily life. These low-altitude flight equipment is affected by the surrounding wind environment during takeoff and flight. Therefore, wind tunnel simulations are needed to simulate the complex wind environments in which these aircraft operate. Numerical simulations of complex wind environments can help better serve society's economic development and provide more accurate and effective guidance for wind resource development, urban wind environment research, and atmospheric pollutant dispersion studies.

[0003] As the core of the complex wind environment simulation experimental device, the fan system is the power device that generates gas flow. Together with the test chamber, it forms a complex fluid dynamics system, which is the key to complex wind environment simulation and the guarantee for achieving various technical indicators. Considering the functional requirements of complex wind environment simulation equipment, it must simulate not only rotating airflows such as tornadoes and vertical airflows such as downdrafts, but also various horizontal airflows such as wind shear, gusts, atmospheric boundary layer, partial laminar flow, turbulence, and crossroads wind. Therefore, the design of complex wind environment simulation equipment requires comprehensive considerations such as system simplification, cost reduction, and improved space utilization.

[0004] At present, researchers are constantly developing coupled environment simulation devices that can simulate complex wind field environments commonly found in nature. For example, the patent application document with publication number CN118549078A discloses a multi-physics field coupled environment simulation device, including a base, a simulation cabin fixedly connected to the upper surface of the base, a number of horizontal flow fans on one side wall of the simulation cabin, a number of rotary flow fans arranged around the simulation cabin on the upper surface of the base, and a number of vertical flow fans on the top of the simulation cabin. This multi-physics field coupled environment simulation device is used to simulate complex environments with three-dimensional multi-physics field coupling under different weather conditions, thereby increasing the diversity of wind tunnel tests. However, the above-mentioned multi-physics field coupled environment simulation device does not make reasonable use of the sufficient airflow space inside the simulation cabin. The polygonal simulation cabin cannot ensure the uniformity of the horizontal flow wind field when performing horizontal wind field simulation. Therefore, its space utilization rate is low, and it cannot ensure that a closed and ideal flow environment can be formed in the simulation cabin under different wind environment modes, and it cannot completely avoid the influence of external factors and system structure on wind field characteristics. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a multi-environment simulated wind field test equipment, which can effectively meet the simulation needs of various complex wind environments within a limited space.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A multi-environment simulated wind field test equipment has an axisymmetric structure and includes a pressure stabilizing cabin, an inner cabin and an outer cabin. The pressure stabilizing cabin and the inner cabin are installed in the outer cabin in a stacked manner and form an airflow circulation channel with the outer cabin; two sets of deployable horizontal airway curtains are provided in the inner cabin. When the two sets of horizontal airway curtains are in the deployed state, the two sets of horizontal airway curtains and two oppositely arranged bulkheads in the inner cabin form a rectangular horizontal airflow channel, and the rectangular horizontal airflow channel can cooperate with the airflow circulation channel to provide a horizontal linear flow wind field; when the two sets of horizontal airway curtains are in the retracted state, the airflow circulation channel can cooperate with the inner cabin and the pressure stabilizing cabin to provide a vertical airflow wind field or a rotating airflow wind field.

[0008] According to the above-mentioned technical means, the equipment of the present application adopts an axisymmetric structure, through which a more symmetrical wind speed distribution can be achieved, effectively reducing the airflow distortion in the test area during the simulation process, and ensuring that the wind field characteristics at different radial positions are consistent; it can quickly respond to wind direction changes, such as simulating the time-varying wind direction characteristics in complex wind field environments such as tornadoes; it can also reduce the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and maintenance, saving costs; it can also ensure the consistency of initial parameters under different simulation conditions such as wind direction reversal or angle adjustment, which is convenient for later comparison and analysis of simulation results of different wind field environments, and is suitable for large-scale wind field dynamic simulation.

[0009] The present application designs the installation positions of the pressure stabilizing cabin and the inner cabin in the outer cabin to improve the space utilization of the outer cabin and effectively meet the simulation needs of various complex wind environments within a limited space. For example, when the two sets of horizontal airway curtains are in the retracted state, the airflow circulation channel is used in conjunction with the inner cabin and the pressure stabilizing cabin to provide a vertical airflow wind field to simulate vertical airflows such as downbursts, as well as rotating airflows such as tornadoes; when the two sets of horizontal airway curtains are in the unfolded state, the rectangular horizontal airflow channel is used in conjunction with the airflow circulation channel to provide a horizontal linear flow wind field, thereby simulating various horizontal airflows such as wind shear, gusts, atmospheric boundary layer, partial laminar flow, turbulence and crossroads wind.

[0010] Furthermore, the equipment also includes at least 4 vertical flow fans, which are evenly distributed on the four side walls of the pressure stabilizing cabin.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a movably arranged bell mouth on the top of the inner cabin, and the inner cabin is connected with the pressure stabilizing cabin through the bell mouth.

[0012] Furthermore, a closing piece is provided on the bell mouth, and the bell mouth closes or opens the channel connected to the pressure stabilizing cabin through the closing piece.

[0013] Furthermore, the inner cabin has an axisymmetric octagonal structure, and a plurality of rotary flow fans are provided at the bottom of at least seven bulkheads of the inner cabin.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes multiple groups of rotary flow fan louvers, which are installed on one side of the rotary flow fan outlet.

[0015] Furthermore, a wind wall is installed on any bulkhead of the inner cabin, and multiple rows of fan units are arranged longitudinally on the wind wall. Each row of fan units includes multiple horizontal flow fans, among which at least three rotary flow fans are arranged at intervals among the fan units near the bottom of the inner cabin.

[0016] Furthermore, a return air wall is installed on the bulkhead of the inner cabin arranged opposite to the wind wall, the rectangular horizontal air flow channel uses the wind wall as an air inlet, and the rectangular horizontal air flow channel uses the return air wall as an air outlet.

[0017] Furthermore, a rectifier grille is installed on the air outlet side of the wind wall.

[0018] Furthermore, roller blinds are installed on the wind wall and the return air wall for covering the wind wall and the return air wall and adjusting the direction of the airflow.

[0019] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0020] The equipment of the present invention adopts an axisymmetric structure, which can reduce the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and maintenance, thereby reducing the cost and saving costs; the present invention designs the installation positions of the stabilizing cabin, inner cabin and outer cabin in the equipment, as well as the structure of the inner cabin, which is simplified compared with the traditional wind tunnel simulation device structure and improves space utilization; on the basis of improving space utilization, the present invention enables the stabilizing cabin, inner cabin and outer cabin to cooperate with each other to provide different wind fields, such as vertical airflow wind field, horizontal linear flow wind field and rotating wind field, so as to effectively meet the simulation needs of various complex wind environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrating embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serving to explain the principles of the present application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present application, and it is possible for a person of ordinary skill in the art to derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the accompanying drawings:

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view of the interior cabin and pressure stabilization cabin of this application;

[0023] Figure 2 Model diagram of the multi-environmental simulated wind field test equipment for this application;

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wind wall for this application;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure stabilizing cabin structure for this application;

[0026] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of the rotating flow fan louvers and the first roller blind during a horizontal wind field test according to one embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 This is a side view of a horizontal airway rolling curtain during a horizontal wind field test, shown in another embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of a single blade structure of a vertical louver;

[0029] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a tornado simulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a tornado simulation according to another embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a downburst / downdraft simulation according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of downburst / downdraft simulation shown in another embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of atmospheric boundary layer simulation shown in one embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 13 A schematic diagram of horizontal wind shear simulation shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 14 A schematic diagram of vertical wind shear simulation according to an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0036] Figure 15 A schematic diagram of gust simulation is shown in one embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 16 A schematic diagram of gust simulation shown in another embodiment of the present application;

[0038] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of laminar flow simulation shown in one embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 18 A schematic diagram of turbulence simulation according to an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0040] Reference numerals

[0041] 1: Pressure stabilizing cabin; 2: Inner cabin; 3: Outer cabin; 4: Vertical flow fan; 5: Bell mouth; 6: Rotary flow fan; 7: Rotary flow fan louvers; 8: Wind wall; 9: Horizontal flow fan; 10: First roller blind; 11: Second roller blind; 12: Return air wall; 13: Horizontal air duct roller blind; 14: Rectifier grille; 15: Horizontal movable curtain; 16: Vertical louvers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and / or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. It should be understood that certain features of the present invention (described in the context of separate embodiments for clarity) may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. On the contrary, a plurality of features of the present invention (described in the context of a single embodiment for brevity) may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination or in any other described embodiment of the present invention when appropriate. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments will not be considered as essential features of those embodiments unless the embodiment is inoperable without those elements. The present invention will be further described below by specific examples, but it should be noted that the specific process conditions and results described in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and cannot limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and substance of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a multi-environment simulated wind field test equipment, which has an axisymmetric structure and includes a pressure stabilizing cabin 1, an inner cabin 2 and an outer cabin 3. The pressure stabilizing cabin 1 and the inner cabin 2 are installed in the outer cabin 3 in a stacked manner and form an airflow circulation channel with the outer cabin 3; two groups of deployable horizontal airway curtains 13 are provided in the inner cabin 2. When the two groups of horizontal airway curtains 13 are in the deployed state, the two groups of horizontal airway curtains 13 and the two oppositely arranged bulkheads in the inner cabin 2 are enclosed to form a rectangular horizontal airflow channel, and the rectangular horizontal airflow channel can cooperate with the airflow circulation channel to provide a horizontal linear flow wind field; when the two groups of horizontal airway curtains 13 are in the retracted state, the airflow circulation channel can cooperate with the inner cabin 2 and the pressure stabilizing cabin 1 to provide a vertical airflow wind field or a rotating airflow wind field.

[0044] Furthermore, the multi-environment simulated wind field test equipment of the present application is mainly used to simulate various special wind fields to make up for the shortcomings of conventional wind tunnel equipment. Therefore, the simulation of uniform flow and stable flow that can be achieved by conventional wind tunnel equipment is generally not completed in complex wind environment test equipment, but focuses on simulating various non-uniform and unstable flows. Typical flow forms include tornadoes, downbursts, atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), wind shear and gusts, etc. These special wind fields can be simulated in the test equipment of the present application. Of course, the uniform flow simulated by conventional wind tunnel equipment can also be simulated in the test equipment of the present application.

[0045] Furthermore, the cross-section of the outer cabin 3 of the present application is an axisymmetric octagonal structure, more specifically an unequal-sided octagonal structure, and the space enclosed by the outer cabin 3 is used as a multi-environment wind field simulation test area. The outer cabin 3 has a certain height, and the inner top of the outer cabin 3 is arc-shaped. The specific space size of the outer cabin 3 is not limited here, and the actual setting is required according to the scale of the test. The outer cabin 3 of the present application has a certain thermal insulation performance to reduce energy loss and ensure the stability of the test environment; the outer cabin 3 has excellent corrosion resistance and can resist the influence of factors such as humidity and temperature changes; the outer cabin 3 has sufficient strength and hardness to ensure that it will not be deformed or damaged under high-speed airflow and pressure changes; the outer cabin 3 has excellent sealing to prevent airflow leakage and affect the accuracy of the test results. Furthermore, the present application adopts an axisymmetric structure, which can achieve a more symmetrical wind speed distribution, effectively reduce airflow distortion in the test area during the simulation process, and ensure that the wind field characteristics at different radial positions are consistent; it can quickly respond to wind direction changes, such as simulating the time-varying wind direction characteristics in complex wind field environments such as tornadoes; it can reduce the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and maintenance, saving costs; it can ensure the consistency of initial parameters under different simulation conditions such as wind direction reversal or angle adjustment, facilitating the subsequent comparison and analysis of simulation results of different wind field environments, and is suitable for large-scale wind field dynamic simulation. In addition, the unequal octagonal structure of the outer cabin 3 of the present application can optimize the spatial layout within the outer cabin 3 through non-uniform side lengths while ensuring symmetry, and can adapt to different sizes of inner cabins 2 and pressure stabilizing cabins 1, thereby improving space utilization.

[0046] Furthermore, the inner cabin 2 of the present application is also an axisymmetric, octagonal structure. Its structural function and effect are the same as those of the outer cabin 3 and will not be described in detail here. The dimensions of the inner cabin 2 of the present application are set according to actual needs, but the cabin roof of the inner cabin 2 has sufficient load-bearing capacity to provide sufficient and stable support for the stabilizing cabin 1.

[0047] Furthermore, if Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, the functions of the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 of the present application include maintaining the pressure stability in the equipment and ensuring the accuracy and safety of the test results. Specifically, the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 maintains the pressure stability in the equipment by adjusting the gas flow entering the equipment and the gas flow exiting the equipment. When the pressure in the equipment changes, the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 automatically adjusts the gas flow to return the pressure to the set value, thereby ensuring that the pressure fluctuation in the equipment is within a controllable range, thereby improving the reliability of the test data. The cross-section of the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 of the present application is a square structure, which is welded from a steel structure. The size of the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 is set according to actual needs. For example, the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 has a side length of 6.5m and a height of 3m. In the actual equipment construction process, based on the convenience of construction, the side walls of the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 are vertical walls. The top of the side walls is connected to the inner top of the outer cabin 3. The top of the pressure stabilizing chamber 1 can borrow the inner top of the outer cabin 3. A closed space needs to be formed between the side walls and the inner top of the outer cabin 3, and an inspection door is reserved. Furthermore, the present application forms a closed space between the side walls of the pressure-stabilizing cabin 1 and the inner top of the outer cabin 3 to avoid external air interference, ensure the stability of the airflow velocity and pressure distribution in the outer cabin 3, and reduce the impact of turbulence and local pressure fluctuations on the test results; the closed space is used to make the airflow form a controllable circulation between the pressure-stabilizing cabin 1 and the outer cabin 3, avoid capacity loss and simplify the device layout of the outer cabin 3.

[0048] Further, if Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the equipment also includes at least four vertical flow fans 4, evenly distributed along the four sidewalls of the plenum chamber 1. The vertical flow fans 4 are used to simulate vertical updrafts or downdrafts in the test center area and are composed of at least four axial flow fans. By adjusting the air volume and wind direction of the vertical flow fans 4, the simulation of updrafts and downdrafts can be achieved. Specifically, at least four vertical flow fans 4 are installed on the four sidewalls of the plenum chamber 1 at the top of the test area, with at least one vertical flow fan 4 positioned at the center of each sidewall. The vertical flow fans 4 are required to meet the design requirements of high flow rate and high pressure head in both forward and reverse directions. Therefore, the vertical flow fans 4 can be selected from existing commercially available fans, such as the Tunnel Axial Fan series product from Kruger Ventilation Industries Asia Co., Ltd., model KTF-R1440. The structural design of the vertical flow fans 4 prevents rain, surface condensation, and frost from affecting the safe operation of the equipment.

[0049] Further, if Figure 1 and Figure 4As shown, the equipment also includes a movably mounted bell mouth 5 on the top of the inner cabin 2, which is connected to the pressure stabilizing cabin 1 via the bell mouth 5. The present application sets a movable bell mouth 5 at the top of the center of the test area of ​​the inner cabin 2. The throat diameter of the bell mouth 5 can be 2.0 m, etc. To achieve the free movement of the bell mouth 5, the present application installs a track on the top of the inner cabin 2, such as a horizontally movable straight track, and the bell mouth 5 is slidably mounted on the track. The bell mouth 5 is controlled to move along the track by a drive system such as an electric drive or a pneumatic drive. Its travel range is limited by the size of the pressure stabilizing cabin 1 and the inner cabin 2, for example, 4.1 m. The bell mouth 5 of the present application is used to simulate the movement of a tornado.

[0050] Furthermore, a closing member is provided on the bell mouth 5, which closes or opens the passageway connected to the plenum chamber 1. Specifically, the present application uses a canvas closing member at the bottom opening of the bell mouth 5. When conducting a horizontal wind field test, the vertical flow fan 4 is not in operation, and the canvas closing member is used to close the passageway connected to the plenum chamber 1, preventing air from flowing out through the air duct of the vertical flow fan 4 and affecting the horizontal wind field.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the inner cabin 2 has an axisymmetric octagonal structure, and multiple rotary flow fans 6 are installed at the bottom of at least seven bulkheads of the inner cabin 2. The rotary flow fans 6 of the present application are used to cooperate with the vertical flow fans 4 to form a rotating airflow when simulating wind environments such as tornadoes. For example, the rotary flow fans 6 of the present application can be commercially available rotary flow fans, as long as their performance meets the test requirements of the present application. The rotary flow fans 6 of the present application can be 17, distributed at the bottom of at least seven bulkheads of the inner cabin 2, with three fans on each side of the straight-sided bulkhead and two fans on each side of the oblique-sided bulkhead. The rotary flow fans 6 are evenly distributed along the length of the bulkheads. Furthermore, the rotary flow fans 6 of the present application are designed as unidirectional flow fans. When reversal is required, a manual turntable is used to adjust the fan flow direction horizontally by a single fan, with an adjustment range of 0 to 180 degrees. The maximum design height of the manual turntable and the cement mounting base of the present application is 20 cm.

[0052] Furthermore, the equipment includes multiple sets of rotary flow fan louvers 7, which are mounted on the side of the air outlet of the rotary flow fan 6. The rotary flow fan louvers 7 of the present application are used to help create a closed, ideal gas flow environment under different wind environment modes, preventing the influence of external factors and equipment structure on the wind field characteristics. The rotary flow fan louvers 7 are installed at the air outlet of the rotary flow fan 6 at the bottom of the inner cabin 2. The louvers are adjustable in angle and opened and adjusted to a predetermined angle during tornado and downburst tests. By adjusting the angle of the rotary flow fan louvers 7, the wind direction at the outlet of the rotary flow fan 6 can be changed, achieving rotary flow simulation using multiple rotary flow fans 6. Furthermore, the overall structure of the rotary flow fan louvers 7 of the present application can be divided into two types: one with 44 blades, 5.043 meters long, for use on two opposite long straight bulkheads of the inner cabin 2; the other with 31 blades, 3.592 meters long, for use on four short sloping bulkheads of the inner cabin 2.

[0053] Furthermore, if Figure 3 As shown, a wind wall 8 is installed on any bulkhead of the inner cabin 2 of the equipment, and multiple rows of fan groups are arranged on the wind wall 8 in the longitudinal direction. Each row of fan groups includes multiple horizontal flow fans 9, wherein at least three rotary flow fans 6 are arranged in between the fan groups near the bottom of the inner cabin 2 of the wind wall 8. The horizontal flow fans 9 of this application are used to simulate the horizontal linear motion airflow, which is composed of multiple axial flow fans to form a two-dimensional fan array, namely the wind wall 8. The airflows of all horizontal flow fans 9 in the wind wall 8 are horizontal and parallel to each other, and can form a horizontal linear flow wind direction when working together. This application arranges a wind wall 8 on any bulkhead of the inner cabin 2, preferably on the long side bulkhead. The wind wall 8 is composed of the inner cabin 2 fan bracket and the horizontal flow fan 9. Exemplarily, the effective area of ​​the wind wall 8 is 5.025m×4.02m (excluding the outer frame). The fan brackets in the inner cabin 2 have 15 fan mounting frames arranged horizontally in a row and 12 fan frames arranged vertically in a row, for a total of 180 mounting frames. These can accommodate 180 horizontal flow fans 9, forming a two-dimensional fan array. Specifically, the wind wall 8 of the present application can be composed of 81 310mm horizontal flow fans 9 forming a 9×9 two-dimensional fan array.

[0054] Furthermore, at least three rotary flow fans 6 are arranged in the wind wall 8 of the present application near the bottom of the inner cabin 2, and they are used when simulating wind fields such as tornadoes and downbursts. The wind unit near the bottom of the inner cabin 2 of the present application is 200mm above the ground to leave space for installing the necessary tracks and frames, ensuring that the rotary flow fans 6 in the wind unit can swap the air inlet and outlet, and realize the forward and reverse adjustment of the wind direction. In order to meet the high requirements of the wind speed index of the wind field, the horizontal flow fan 9 selected in the present application should have the characteristics of small size, large flow rate, high pressure head and high power density. Specifically, the horizontal flow fan of the present application is a self-developed device.

[0055] Furthermore, a return air wall 12 is installed on the bulkhead of the inner cabin 2 opposite to the wind wall 8. The rectangular horizontal airflow channel uses the wind wall 8 as the air inlet, and the rectangular horizontal airflow channel uses the return air wall 12 as the air outlet. Specifically, the function of the rectangular horizontal airflow channel of the present application is to prevent the horizontal flow field driven by the wind wall 8 from spreading to other spaces in the octagonal inner cabin 2, thereby ensuring the cross-sectional uniformity of the horizontal flow field. Figure 6 As shown, the present application sets two groups of deployable horizontal air duct curtains 13, each group of horizontal air duct curtains 13 includes two horizontal flow duct curtains, and one group of horizontal air duct curtains 13 is set at the air inlet and outlet of the rectangular horizontal air flow channel. The four horizontal flow duct curtains are separated on both sides of the wind wall 8 and the return air wall 12. When conducting a horizontal flow wind field test, the four horizontal flow duct curtains are pulled together at the center of the air duct to form a closed rectangular horizontal air flow channel; when conducting a vertical air flow wind field test, the four horizontal flow duct curtains are rolled up to restore the octagonal flow space. For example, each horizontal flow duct curtain of the present application is 4.8m long, 4.65m high, and 0.056m thick when opened, and the length of the two horizontal flow duct curtains when pulled together is 9.6m.

[0056] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, a rectifying grille 14 is installed on the outlet side of the wind wall 8. The rectifying grille 14 of the present application is used to rectify the airflow flowing out of the horizontal flow fan 9 of the wind wall 8, thereby obtaining a horizontal flow field with a flow direction parallel to the axis of the horizontal flow fan 9 in the test area. For example, the rectifying grille 14 of the present application is formed by welding together crisscrossing plates to form an array grid. Each grid is a square with a side length of 0.332m and a plate thickness of 0.006m. The overall height and width of the rectifying grille 14 are consistent with the dimensions of the wind wall 8, and the length in the direction of horizontal airflow is 0.2m.

[0057] Furthermore, the wind wall 8 and the return air wall 12 are both equipped with roller blinds for covering the wind wall 8 and the return air wall 12 and adjusting the direction of the airflow. Figure 5 and Figure 7As shown, a first roller blind 10 is installed on the wind wall 8 of the present application. The first roller blind 10 includes a horizontal movable curtain 15 and a vertical louver 16. The horizontal movable curtain 15 of the present application can be a louver structure or a roller blind structure. The horizontal louver or roller blind of the present application covers the wind wall 8 from the second row from the bottom to the top, so as to cover the wind turbine group of the horizontal flow fan 9. If the horizontal movable curtain 15 adopts a louver structure, the louver is fully opened when conducting a horizontal wind field test and closed when not in use. If the horizontal movable curtain 15 adopts a roller blind structure, the roller blind is rolled up when conducting a horizontal wind field test and is lowered when conducting a vertical wind field test. For example, the horizontal blinds or roller shutters of the present application can be divided into three parts in width, one part is 3.015m wide, used to cover the area of ​​the first-phase wind wall 8; the other two parts are 1.09m wide, used to cover the area of ​​the second-phase wind wall 8 on the left and right sides of the first-phase wind wall 8. The coverage height of the horizontal blinds or roller shutters on the wind wall 8 from top to bottom is 4.075m, and the thickness of the roller shutters is 50mm.

[0058] Furthermore, the vertical louvers 16 cover the wind wall 8 of the wind turbine group including the rotary flow fan 6. When conducting tornado and downburst tests, the louver direction can be adjusted to a predetermined angle to control the gas flow direction. When conducting horizontal wind field tests, it is fully opened and adjusted to be parallel to the fan axis. The single blade structure of the vertical louver 16 of the present application is shown in Figure 7, and the structure of the rotary flow fan louver 7 of the present application can be the same as the structure of the vertical louver 16. For example, the overall length of the vertical louver 16 of the present application can be 5.043m and the height can be 0.55m. The vertical louver 16 of the present application can be fixed with the help of the buckle of the column of the inner cabin 2, and can be easily moved away when needed, so that the rotary flow fan 6 in the wind turbine group can rotate 180° and cooperate with the remaining rotary flow fans 6 and the vertical flow fan 4 to generate a vertical flow field.

[0059] Furthermore, the return air wall 12 of this application is not equipped with insulation panels. To ensure smooth return air during horizontal air flow tests and symmetry during vertical air flow tests, the type, specifications, layout, and operation of the second roller blind 11 on the return air wall 12 are consistent with those of the first roller blind 10. When conducting horizontal air flow tests, the horizontal movable blind 15 is fully rolled up and the vertical louvers 16 are fully opened, forming a channel with the wind wall 8. When conducting vertical air flow tests, the horizontal movable blind 15 is fully lowered, and only the vertical louvers 16 are opened and adjusted to a predetermined angle, deflecting the passing airflow at the set angle.

[0060] Furthermore, if Figure 8 and Figure 9As shown, a tornado is a rare local, small-scale and sudden severe convective weather. It is a strong, small-scale air vortex caused by air convection under strong unstable weather conditions. It can be seen in tropical and temperate regions and can occur in spring, summer and autumn. It generally occurs in the transition season between spring and summer or at the turn of summer and autumn, with the former being more common. The formation of a tornado is considered to be related to updrafts and vertical wind shear in terms of dynamics, and can be roughly divided into four stages: 1. The convective system brings unstable energy in the atmosphere and triggers updrafts; 2. The updraft generates vertical vorticity under the action of wind speed and wind direction shear, that is, it begins to rotate in the horizontal direction; 3. The rotating system develops into the interior of the convective system under the action of convergent airflow, forming a tornado core in the middle troposphere; 4. Under the action of the downdraft in front of the convective system, the vortex developed in the tornado core extends to the underlying surface, the ground pressure drops sharply, and the ground wind speed rises sharply, forming a tornado. Therefore, when simulating a tornado, this application not only needs to simulate the updraft, but also needs to provide power for the airflow rotation. The present application utilizes the cooperation of the vertical flow fan 4 and the rotary flow fan 6 to achieve the simulation of a tornado. Specifically, Figure 9 As shown, the present application uses multiple vertical flow fans 4 on the side of the pressure stabilizing cabin 1 to draw air from a vertically arranged bell mouth 5 located at the top center of the inner cabin 2, forming an updraft in the test center area of ​​the inner cabin 2. The updraft enters the air circulation channel through the vertical flow fans 4. At this time, the first roller blinds 10 and second roller blinds 11 of the wind wall 8 and the return air wall 12 are both lowered, and the two sets of horizontal air duct roller blinds 13 are in a stowed state. The airflow circulates back to the inner cabin 2 from the rotary flow fan 6 at the bottom of the inner cabin 2. The rotary flow fan 6 simulates the rotation intensity and swirl ratio by adjusting the direction of the rotary flow fan louvers 7 and the fan flow rate. The two cooperate to form tornado models of different levels. The present application can also simulate the linear motion of a tornado by moving the bell mouth 5.

[0061] Furthermore, if Figure 10 、 Figure 11As shown, the airflow with a vertical downward component of the wind vector in space is called a downdraft. A downburst refers to a strong local downdraft in a thunderstorm cloud. After reaching the ground, it generates a strong divergent flow field on the ground. The downdraft that cannot reach the ground is still called a downdraft. The simulation of a downburst requires the cooperation of a vertical flow fan 4 and a rotary flow fan 6. The vertical flow fan 4 at the top of the equipment inhales the air in the air circulation channel and blows it downward from the bell mouth 5 located near the top center of the inner cabin 2. The rotary flow fan 6 located at the octagonal bottom of the inner cabin 2 adjusts the direction of the rotary flow fan louver 7 to be parallel to the axis of the rotary flow fan 6, so that the airflow direction is a pure centrifugal direction without rotating air volume, which assists in forming a radial high-speed airflow on the ground, thereby realizing the simulation of a downburst. The intensity of the downburst can be controlled by controlling the air volume, and the downdraft can be simulated by weakening it to a certain extent. During this process, the first roller curtain 10 of the wind wall 8 and the second roller curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 of the present application are both lowered, and the two sets of horizontal air duct roller curtains 13 are in a retracted state.

[0062] Furthermore, if Figure 12 As shown, the flow of the atmosphere close to the ground is greatly affected by factors such as the ground morphology, thermal and dynamic characteristics, which is called the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). Its typical feature is that the wind speed in the vertical direction is distributed in a certain regular pattern, which has an important impact on equipment or aircraft installed near the ground and at low altitude. The present application can simulate the ABL by controlling the wind volume change pattern of the fan array in the vertical direction, and is used for wind environment tests on models such as various equipment installed near the ground (such as wind turbines), high-rise buildings on the ground, and low-altitude and ultra-low-altitude aircraft. Specifically, during the ABL simulation process, the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 13 are in an unfolded state, the first curtain 10 of the wind wall 8 and the second curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 are rolled up, the bell mouth 5 channel is closed by a closing piece, and the airflow blown out by the horizontal flow fan 9 flows between the horizontal airflow channel and the airflow circulation channel, forming a horizontal linear flow wind field to simulate the ABL wind field. It should be noted that during this simulation process, the rectifying grille 14 of the wind wall 8 does not participate in the work.

[0063] Furthermore, if Figure 13 and Figure 14As shown, wind shear refers to the change in wind vector (wind direction, wind speed) over horizontal and / or vertical distances in the air. It is generally divided into the following two types: 1. Horizontal wind shear is the change in horizontal wind direction and / or wind speed over horizontal distances; 2. Vertical wind shear is the change in horizontal wind direction and / or wind speed over vertical distances. Both can be achieved by controlling the air volume of the array of horizontal flow fans 9. During the simulation of horizontal and vertical wind shear, the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 13 are deployed, the first curtain 10 of the wind wall 8 and the second curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 are rolled up, and the bell mouth 5 channel is closed by a closing member. The airflow blown by the horizontal flow fans 9 flows between the horizontal airflow channel and the air circulation channel. When the air volume gradient of the horizontal flow fans 9 is controlled to change in the horizontal direction, horizontal wind shear can be simulated, and the horizontal flow fans 9 in each vertical row are in the same operating state. When the air volume gradient of the horizontal flow fans 9 is controlled to change in the vertical direction, vertical wind shear can be simulated, and the horizontal flow fans 9 in each horizontal position are in the same operating state. The wind shear strength is determined by the gradient change rate of the wind volume of the horizontal flow fan 9. It should be noted that the rectifier grilles 14 of the wind wall 8 do not participate in the operation during this simulation.

[0064] Furthermore, if Figure 15 and Figure 16 As shown, gust is a special air flow phenomenon, which refers to the wind speed that suddenly changes in size within a short period of time. The prominent feature of gust is that the wind field changes rapidly over time. Therefore, when simulating gusts, it is necessary to quickly adjust the air volume of the horizontal flow fan 9 to achieve this. During the gust simulation process, the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 13 are in an unfolded state, the first curtain 10 of the wind wall 8 and the second curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 are rolled up, and the bell mouth 5 channel is closed by a closing piece. The airflow blown out by the horizontal flow fan 9 flows between the horizontal airflow channel and the airflow circulation channel. According to the gust simulation requirements, the air volume of the wind wall 8 is quickly adjusted. It should be noted that during this simulation process, the rectifier grille 14 of the wind wall 8 does not participate in the work.

[0065] Furthermore, if Figure 17 As shown, laminar flow is a flow state of fluid, which flows in layers, and its fluid particles move in a smooth straight line in a direction parallel to the flow, with almost no mass exchange between layers. The simulation of horizontal laminar wind in this application is achieved by activating the rectifying grille 14 on the outlet side of the wind wall 8, and converting turbulent flow into laminar flow through the rectifying grille 14. The simulation of different wind speeds can be achieved by controlling the rotation speed of the horizontal flow fan 9. During the laminar flow simulation process, the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 13 are in an unfolded state, the first curtain 10 of the wind wall 8 and the second curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 are rolled up, the bell mouth 5 channel is closed by a closing piece, and the airflow blown out by the horizontal flow fan 9 flows between the horizontal airflow channel and the airflow circulation channel.

[0066] Furthermore, if Figure 18As shown, turbulence is a flow state of a fluid. When the flow velocity is very low, the fluid flows in layers without mixing with each other, which is called laminar flow, also known as steady flow or laminar flow; as the flow velocity gradually increases, the streamlines of the fluid begin to swing in a wave-like manner, and the frequency and amplitude of the swing increase with the increase in flow velocity. This flow condition is called transitional flow; when the flow velocity increases to a very high value, the streamlines are no longer clearly discernible, there are many small vortices in the flow field, the laminar flow is destroyed, and there is not only sliding but also mixing between adjacent flow layers. At this time, the fluid moves irregularly, and a component velocity perpendicular to the axis of the flow tube is generated. This movement is called turbulence, also known as turbulent flow, disturbed flow or turbulent flow. Therefore, in the turbulent flow simulation process of this application, the two sets of horizontal airway curtains 13 are in an unfolded state, the first curtain 10 of the wind wall 8 and the second curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 are rolled up, the bell mouth 5 channel is closed by a closing piece, and the airflow blown out by the horizontal flow fan 9 flows between the horizontal airflow channel and the airflow circulation channel. The wind at the outlet of wind wall 8 has many rotating vortices and a velocity distribution perpendicular to the flow direction, which is inherently turbulent. Therefore, this application does not perform any processing on the outlet wind, and the wind blown out is already in a turbulent state. By controlling the speed of horizontal flow fan 9, different turbulent wind speeds can be achieved. It should be noted that the rectifying grid 14 of wind wall 8 does not participate in the operation during this simulation.

[0067] Furthermore, the device of the present application can also be used to simulate special wind fields such as crossroads wind, which can be achieved by targeted design of the position of the wind wall 8.

[0068] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-environment simulated wind field test equipment, characterized in that: The device has an axisymmetric structure, comprising a pressure stabilizing cabin (1), an inner cabin (2) and an outer cabin (3); the pressure stabilizing cabin (1) and the inner cabin (2) are installed in the outer cabin (3) in a stacked manner and form an airflow circulation channel with the outer cabin (3); two groups of deployable horizontal airway curtains (13) are provided in the inner cabin (2); when the two groups of horizontal airway curtains (13) are in an deployed state, the two groups of horizontal airway curtains (13) and two oppositely arranged cabin walls in the inner cabin (2) are enclosed to form a rectangular horizontal airflow channel, and the rectangular horizontal airflow channel can cooperate with the airflow circulation channel to provide a horizontal linear flow wind field; when the two groups of horizontal airway curtains (13) are in a retracted state, the airflow circulation channel can cooperate with the inner cabin (2) and the pressure stabilizing cabin (1) to provide a vertical airflow wind field or a rotating airflow wind field.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that It also includes at least four vertical flow fans (4), which are evenly distributed on the four side walls of the pressure stabilizing cabin (1).

3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that It also includes a movably arranged bell mouth (5) on the top of the inner cabin (2), and the inner cabin (2) is connected to the pressure stabilizing cabin (1) through the bell mouth (5).

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that A closing piece is provided on the bell mouth (5), and the bell mouth (5) closes or opens a passage communicating with the pressure stabilizing cabin (1) through the closing piece.

5. The device according to claim 1, 2 or 4, characterized in that The inner cabin (2) is an axisymmetric octagonal structure, and a plurality of rotary flow fans (6) are arranged at the bottom of at least seven cabin walls of the inner cabin (2).

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that It also includes multiple groups of rotary flow fan louvers (7), which are installed on one side of the air outlet of the rotary flow fan (6).

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, 2, 4 or 6, characterized in that A wind wall (8) is installed on any bulkhead of the inner cabin (2), and multiple rows of fan units are arranged longitudinally on the wind wall (8), each row of fan units including multiple horizontal flow fans (9), wherein at least three rotary flow fans (6) are arranged at intervals between the fan units near the bottom of the inner cabin (2) on the wind wall (8).

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that A return air wall (12) is installed on the bulkhead of the inner cabin (2) which is arranged opposite to the wind wall (8). The rectangular horizontal air flow channel uses the wind wall (8) as an air inlet, and the rectangular horizontal air flow channel uses the return air wall (12) as an air outlet.

9. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that A rectifier grille is installed on the air outlet side of the wind wall (8).

10. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that The wind wall (8) and the return air wall (12) are both equipped with roller blinds for covering the wind wall (8) and the return air wall (12) and adjusting the direction of the air flow.

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