Test platform of hydrogen fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a test platform of a hydrogen fuel cell, which relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell performance test, covers six types of tests of basic output performance, efficiency, durability, dynamic response, environmental adaptability and safety, totally 12 specific test items, realizes comprehensive evaluation of the full life cycle performance of the hydrogen fuel cell, and improves the performance of the hydrogen fuel cell. The defect of single test dimension in the prior art is overcome, and comprehensive test dimension is realized. The central controller is adopted to perform cooperative control on each subsystem, the control period is less than or equal to 10ms, the synchronous adjustment precision of gas flow, temperature and load is less than or equal to + / -1%, the problem of parameter lag caused by independent control of each system of the existing platform is solved, and high-precision cooperation of the systems is realized. According to the hydrogen fuel cell test platform and the test method, a comprehensive and reliable test solution is provided for research, development and application of the hydrogen fuel cell through multi-dimensional test, high-precision cooperative control, hierarchical safety protection and quantitative evaluation, and the hydrogen fuel cell test platform and the test method have important engineering application value and market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cell performance testing, and in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell testing platform. Background Art

[0002] A hydrogen fuel cell vehicle is a vehicle that uses hydrogen as its primary energy source. While conventional internal combustion engines are typically fueled by diesel or gasoline, hydrogen vehicles use gaseous hydrogen instead. Fuel cells and electric motors will replace conventional engines. The principle of a hydrogen fuel cell is to feed hydrogen into the fuel cell. The electrons in the hydrogen atoms are blocked by a proton exchange membrane and then conducted from the negative electrode to the positive electrode through an external circuit, generating electricity to drive the electric motor. The protons, however, can then pass through the proton exchange membrane and combine with oxygen to form a pure water mist, which is then discharged. This is a clean and hygienic process, as hydrogen combustion produces water, which does not pollute the environment. Furthermore, hydrogen has a higher calorific value than gasoline when burned.

[0003] As an efficient and clean energy conversion device, the performance evaluation of hydrogen fuel cells relies on a comprehensive testing system. In existing technologies, testing platforms have the following shortcomings: 1. The testing dimension is single, focusing mostly on basic output performance and lacking integrated testing capabilities for durability, dynamic response, and environmental adaptability; 2. Poor coordination between test systems. The synchronization accuracy of gas supply, temperature control, and load regulation is insufficient (±5%), resulting in test data deviation. 3. The safety mechanism is imperfect, with a hydrogen leak detection response time greater than 10 seconds and a lack of active protection strategies under extreme operating conditions; 4. The evaluation system is fragmented, making it impossible to achieve quantitative correlation analysis of "output capacity-efficiency-lifespan-safety".

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to build a hydrogen fuel cell testing platform with multi-system collaboration, full-dimensional coverage, and high security to meet the precise evaluation needs during the fuel cell research and development process.

[0005] In summary, there is an urgent need for a hydrogen fuel cell testing platform to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a hydrogen fuel cell testing platform to solve the problems of limited testing dimensions, poor system coordination, insufficient security and imperfect evaluation system in existing testing platforms, and to achieve quantitative evaluation of the comprehensive performance of hydrogen fuel cells.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a hydrogen fuel cell test platform, comprising a gas supply system, a temperature control system, a load system, a data acquisition system, a safety system, and a central controller, wherein the gas supply system, the temperature control system, the load system, and the data acquisition system are collaboratively controlled by the central controller; The gas supply system includes a hydrogen path, an oxidant path, and an impurity injection unit; The hydrogen circuit is equipped with a mass flow meter, a pressure regulating valve and a humidity generator to control the hydrogen flow, pressure and humidity; the oxidant circuit is equipped with an air compressor, an oxygen concentration regulator and a humidity control module to achieve precise control of the oxidant flow, oxygen partial pressure and humidity; the impurity injection unit can selectively inject impurity gases such as CO (0-50ppm) and H2S (0-10ppm) to simulate hydrogen purity fluctuations.

[0008] The temperature control system includes a battery stack constant temperature device and an environmental simulation cabin; the battery stack constant temperature device adopts a circulating water thermal management system with a temperature control range of 50-90°C and a temperature control accuracy of ±0.5°C; the environmental simulation cabin can achieve extreme temperature simulation of -40°C-80°C, with a temperature change rate of ≥5°C / min, for environmental adaptability testing.

[0009] The load system includes an electronic load, which supports constant current, constant voltage, and constant power modes, has a response speed of ≤5ms, and a load adjustment range of 0-100kW, meeting the requirements of dynamic load mutation testing.

[0010] The data acquisition system includes a sensor array and a data recorder; the sensor array includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow sensor; the data recorder realizes multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and real-time display.

[0011] The safety system includes a hydrogen leakage monitoring module and an active protection module; the hydrogen leakage monitoring module uses a laser spectrometer with a detection threshold of ≤0.5%LEL and a response time of ≤1s; the active protection module includes an explosion-proof ventilation device, an emergency shutdown unit and a fire extinguishing device, which are linked to control the gas shut-off valve.

[0012] The testing method of the hydrogen fuel cell testing platform includes the following steps S: Step S1: Basic parameter configuration Specifically, according to the fuel cell type, set the rated power, operating temperature (60-80°C), hydrogen purity and oxidant type, and initialize the system parameters.

[0013] Step S2: Basic output performance test Specifically including polarization curve test and power density test; The polarization curve test is specifically implemented by controlling the gas flow, temperature, and humidity to be stable, increasing the current from 0 to the limiting current in steps of 0.1A / cm², stabilizing each step for 30 seconds, recording the corresponding voltage, and calculating the open circuit voltage (OCV), polarization loss, and limiting current density; The power density test is specifically implemented by drawing a power density-current density curve based on the polarization curve data to obtain the peak power density and voltage fluctuation value (≤2%) at rated power.

[0014] Step S3: Efficiency test Specifically, it includes metering input hydrogen energy, measuring output electrical energy, and calculating energy conversion efficiency; The specific implementation method of the metered input of hydrogen energy is to calculate chemical energy through hydrogen flow; The specific calculation formula is: hydrogen energy = flow rate × 33.3kWh / kg; The specific implementation method of measuring the output electric energy is to record the real-time power of the electronic load; The specific calculation formula for calculating the energy conversion efficiency is: (output electrical energy / input hydrogen energy) × 100%, to obtain the efficiency and high-efficiency range width at rated power.

[0015] Step S4: Durability test Specifically including long-time running test and start-stop cycle test; The long-term operation test is specifically implemented by continuously operating at rated power for 1000 hours and recording the voltage decay rate every 24 hours; The start-stop cycle test is specifically implemented by executing a "start-rated power operation for 30 minutes-stop" cycle 1000 times and recording the initial voltage attenuation.

[0016] Step S5: Dynamic response test Specifically, it includes a load step test, which is implemented by suddenly increasing the rated power from 20% to 80%, and recording the voltage recovery time and overshoot.

[0017] Step S6: Environmental adaptability test Specifically including temperature adaptability test and impurity tolerance test; The temperature adaptability test is specifically implemented by testing polarization curves at -20°C, 40°C, and 80°C to evaluate low-temperature startup time and high-temperature power attenuation. The specific implementation method of the impurity tolerance test is to introduce hydrogen containing 10ppmCO and 1ppmH2S, and detect performance degradation after running for 100 hours.

[0018] Step S7: Security Test Specifically including leakage test and limit protection test The leakage test is specifically implemented by detecting the leakage rate of the interface; The specific implementation method of the limit protection test is to simulate over-temperature and over-voltage conditions to verify the shutdown protection function within 5 seconds.

[0019] Step S8: Comprehensive evaluation The specific implementation method is to output a comprehensive evaluation report of "performance-efficiency-life-safety" based on test data and comparison with industry standards.

[0020] Compared with the existing technology, the technical solution of this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention presents a hydrogen fuel cell testing platform that comprehensively sets test dimensions: integrating 9 core test items to cover the performance indicators of the entire life cycle of the fuel cell.

[0021] 2. The present invention demonstrates a hydrogen fuel cell testing platform with high system coordination: a central controller realizes synchronous control of multiple systems, and the test data deviation is ≤1%; safety is enhanced: the leak detection response time is ≤1s, and the extreme working condition protection delay is ≤0.5s, meeting explosion-proof requirements. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] First, it should be noted that in the various embodiments described, identical components are provided with identical component names, wherein the disclosure contained throughout the entire description can be transferred to the same components with the same component names. Positional designations selected in the description, such as top, bottom, lateral, etc., also refer to the directly described and illustrated position and are transferred to the new position in the event of a change in position. Example

[0023] A hydrogen fuel cell test platform adopts a modular design and includes a gas supply system, a temperature control system, a load system, a data acquisition system, a safety system and a central controller. The gas supply system, temperature control system, load system, data acquisition system and safety system are connected to the central controller via industrial Ethernet to achieve collaborative control and data interaction. Specifically, the gas supply system is used to provide stable and controllable reaction gases (hydrogen and oxidant) to the fuel cell and can simulate gas purity fluctuations. It includes a hydrogen path, an oxidant path, and an impurity injection unit. The hydrogen circuit consists of a hydrogen source (high-pressure hydrogen cylinder), a pressure reducing valve (regulation range 0.1-1 MPa), a mass flow meter (model MF-800, measurement range 0-200 L / min, accuracy ±0.2% FS), a pressure regulating valve (response time ≤ 50 ms), a humidity generator (using a bubbling method, control range 30-90% RH, accuracy ±3% RH), and a gas preheater (500 W power, temperature range 50-100°C). The hydrogen circuit utilizes a PID control algorithm to achieve precise control of flow rate, pressure, and humidity, with accuracy of ±0.5% FS, ±0.01 MPa, and ±2% RH, respectively. The oxidizer circuit includes an air compressor, an oxygen concentration regulator (which adjusts the O2 concentration from 21% to 100% by mixing air and pure oxygen, with an adjustment accuracy of ±1%), a humidity control module (same structure as the humidity generator in the hydrogen circuit), and a precision filter (filtration accuracy of 0.1μm). The oxidizer circuit can switch between air and pure oxygen mode according to test requirements to meet the oxidizer supply requirements of different fuel cells. The impurity injection unit, consisting of an impurity gas cylinder (containing impurity gases such as CO, H2S, and NH3), a microinjection pump, and a mixer, can inject 0-50 ppm of impurity gas into the hydrogen or oxidant lines, simulating the fluctuating gas purity conditions experienced in real-world applications. The impurity injection rate is closed-loop controlled by a central controller, with an adjustment response time of ≤1s. The temperature control system is used to regulate the operating temperature and ambient temperature of the fuel cell to meet the testing requirements of different types of fuel cells, including a battery stack constant temperature device and an environmental simulation chamber; The stack thermostat uses a circulating water thermal management system for PEMFCs, including a constant-temperature water tank (50L capacity), a circulating pump (flow rate 0-10L / min), a heater (2kW power), and a cooler (1.5kW cooling capacity). The temperature control range is 50-90°C with an accuracy of ±0.5°C. For SOFCs, a 5kW electric heating jacket is used, with a temperature control range of 400-800°C and an accuracy of ±2°C. The thermostat monitors the stack temperature in real time using a platinum resistance sensor (accuracy ±0.1°C) and employs a fuzzy PID algorithm for rapid and stable temperature control. The environmental simulation chamber is a rectangular structure (internal dimensions: 1m × 1m × 1.2m). It uses a combination of compressor cooling and electric heating for temperature control, with a control range of -40-80°C, a temperature fluctuation of ≤±1°C, and an adjustable temperature change rate of 0.5-10°C / min. The chamber is equipped with a wind speed sensor (0-10m / s) and a humidity sensor (10-90%RH) to simulate various environmental and climatic conditions, meeting the environmental adaptability testing requirements of fuel cells. The load system is used to simulate the actual working load of the fuel cell and realize performance testing under different load modes, including an electronic load and a load simulation module; Electronic load: Model EL-100kW, supports constant current (0-200A), constant voltage (0-500V), constant power (0-100kW), and constant resistance modes, with a response speed of ≤5ms and a load regulation accuracy of ±0.1%FS. This electronic load utilizes a bidirectional energy flow design, feeding the fuel cell's output back into the grid (efficiency ≥90%), reducing energy consumption during testing. Load simulation module: Based on the FPGA chip, it realizes the programming and output of complex load curves. It can simulate typical operating conditions such as the NEDC operating conditions of automotive fuel cells and the stepped load of stationary power generation. The time resolution of the load curve is ≤10ms, ensuring the authenticity of dynamic response testing. The data acquisition system is used to collect various parameters during the test in real time and provide data support for performance evaluation. It includes a sensor array and a data recorder. Sensor array: Includes voltage sensors (measurement range 0-500V, accuracy ±0.1%), current sensors (0-200A, accuracy ±0.2%), temperature sensors (-50-1000°C, accuracy ±0.2°C), pressure sensors (0-1MPa, accuracy ±0.1%FS), flow sensors (0-500L / min, accuracy ±0.2%FS), and humidity sensors (0-100%RH, accuracy ±2%RH). The sensors are distributed, with a sampling rate of ≥1kHz at key measurement points (such as the battery stack inlet and outlet) to ensure accurate capture of dynamic processes. Data logger: Utilizing an industrial-grade data acquisition card (16-bit AD resolution, 100kHz sampling rate), equipped with 8GB of memory and a 1TB solid-state drive, it supports 1000 channels of simultaneous data acquisition. The data logger communicates with the central controller via Ethernet, with a data transmission rate of ≥100Mbps, enabling real-time storage, display, and backup of test data. The safety system is used to ensure the safety of the test process, including hydrogen leak monitoring, extreme working condition protection and emergency response unit; Hydrogen leak monitoring: A laser spectrometer (model HLD-200) is used with a detection range of 0-4% LEL (lower explosive limit), a response time of ≤1s, and a spatial resolution of 1m (covering the test area through three monitoring points). Monitoring data is transmitted to a central controller in real time. When the hydrogen concentration exceeds 1% LEL, an audible and visual alarm is triggered. When it exceeds 2% LEL, emergency response procedures are initiated. Extreme operating condition protection: The sensor array monitors the temperature, pressure, voltage and other parameters of the battery stack in real time. When extreme operating conditions such as overtemperature (PEMFC exceeds 100°C), overpressure (hydrogen pressure exceeds 0.6MPa), and overcurrent (exceeds 150% of the rated current) occur, the central controller issues a protection command within 0.5s to cut off the gas supply and load connection. Emergency Response Unit: Includes explosion-proof ventilation (air change rate ≥ 30 times / h), a HFC-227ea fire extinguishing system (response time ≤ 5s), and an emergency stop button. This unit integrates with hydrogen leak monitoring and extreme operating condition protection to form a multi-level safety protection system. The central controller is the core control unit of the test platform. It uses an industrial computer (configured with an Intel Core i7 processor and 16GB of memory) and runs control software developed based on LabVIEW to achieve the following functions: System collaborative control: Communicates with each subsystem through the OPCUA protocol to achieve synchronous adjustment of gas flow, temperature, and load, with a control cycle of ≤10ms, ensuring the coordination of multi-parameter control; Test process automation: Built-in test method library (including standardized processes such as polarization curve testing and durability testing), supports user-defined test steps S, and realizes one-click start and automatic operation of the test process; Data processing and analysis: It has functions such as real-time data plotting, historical data query, performance parameter calculation (such as efficiency, attenuation rate), and supports automatic generation of test reports; Remote monitoring: Supports Ethernet remote login, enabling remote monitoring and operation of the test process, improving the convenience of testing. The testing method of the test platform of the hydrogen fuel cell comprises the following steps: Step S1: Preparation before testing According to the test object type, check the physical parameters of the fuel cell (such as the number of cells, active area, and rated voltage) to ensure that they match the interface of the test platform (such as the gas inlet and outlet pipe diameters, and electrical connection terminals); perform an airtightness test on the test platform, close all gas outlets, and introduce 0.3MPa nitrogen into the hydrogen and oxidant lines for 30 minutes. A pressure drop of ≤0.01MPa is considered qualified; calibrate the sensor array and use a standard signal source to calibrate the voltage, current and other sensors to ensure that the measurement error is within the allowable range; initialize the central controller, load the parameter template of the test object, and set the safety threshold. Step S2: Basic output performance test Basic output performance tests are used to evaluate the power generation capability of fuel cells, including polarization curve tests and power density tests: Step S201: Polarization curve test: Step S2011: Install the fuel cell on the cell stack thermostat, connect the gas pipeline and electrical circuit, close the environmental simulation cabin door and set the temperature to 60°C (PEMFC); Step S2012: Start the gas supply system, set the hydrogen flow rate to 1.2 times the stoichiometric ratio (calculated based on the rated current), the pressure to 0.2 MPa, and the humidity to 70% RH; the oxidant is air, with a flow rate of 2.0 times the stoichiometric ratio, the pressure to 0.15 MPa, and the humidity to 60% RH; Step S2013: After the battery stack temperature stabilizes (fluctuation ≤ ±0.5°C), start the electronic load and use the constant current mode, starting from 0A and increasing in steps of 10A to the limit current (at which point the voltage drops below 0.4V). Pause for 30 seconds at each step and record the corresponding current and voltage values. Step S2014: After the test is completed, a polarization curve (voltage-current density curve) is plotted, and the open circuit voltage (OCV), activation polarization loss (voltage drop in the low current region), ohmic polarization loss (slope in the medium current region), and concentration polarization loss (voltage drop in the high current region) are calculated. Step S202: Power density test: Step S2021: Calculate the power density at different current densities based on the polarization curve test data (power density = voltage × current density); Step S2022: draw a power density-current density curve to determine the peak power density and the corresponding current density; Step S2023: Keep running at the rated current density (e.g., 0.8 A / cm²) for 30 minutes and record the voltage fluctuation value. The fluctuation amplitude is required to be ≤2%. Step S3: Efficiency test Efficiency testing is used to evaluate the energy conversion capability of fuel cells and includes the following steps: Step S301, setting the test conditions: testing under three conditions: rated power (50kW), 50% rated power, and 25% rated power, each condition lasting 1 hour; Step S302, measuring the input hydrogen energy: recording the hourly hydrogen consumption by a hydrogen mass flow meter, and calculating the input hydrogen energy (hydrogen energy = consumption × 33.3 kWh / kg); Step S303, measuring output power: the electronic load records the output power (unit: kWh) per hour and calculates the total output power; Step S304: Calculate the energy conversion efficiency: efficiency = (output electrical energy / input hydrogen energy) × 100%, draw an efficiency-power curve, and analyze the high-efficiency range. Step S4: Durability test Durability testing is used to evaluate the long-term operational stability of fuel cells, including long-term operation tests and start-stop cycle tests: Step S401: Long-term running test: Step S4011: Run continuously for 1000 hours at rated power, and record the polarization curve every 24 hours; Step S4012, calculate the voltage decay rate: decay rate = (initial voltage - current voltage) / initial voltage × 100%, and draw a decay curve; Step S4013: If the voltage suddenly drops by more than 10% during operation, stop the machine and check the fuel cell status. Step S402: Start-stop cycle test: Step S4021, set the cycle process: start (5 minutes) → rated power operation (30 minutes) → stop (5 minutes), repeat 1000 cycles; Step S4022: Record the initial voltage 5 minutes after each cycle is started and calculate the voltage attenuation after the cycle; Step S4023: After the cycle is completed, the microstructure of the fuel cell electrode is detected. Step S5: Dynamic response test The dynamic response test is used to evaluate the fuel cell's ability to adapt to sudden load changes. It includes the following steps: Step S501, setting the initial operating condition: the fuel cell operates stably at 20% of the rated power for 30 minutes; Step S502 , performing a load step: using the load simulation module to increase the load from 20% to 80% of the rated power, and recording a curve of voltage change over time (sampling rate 1 kHz); Step S503 , analyzing response indicators: calculating voltage recovery time (time from fluctuation peak value to stable value ±2%) and overshoot (difference between fluctuation peak value and stable value); Step S504: Reverse step test: the rated power is suddenly reduced from 80% to 20%, and steps S502-S503 are repeated. Step S6: Environmental adaptability test Environmental adaptability testing is used to evaluate the performance of fuel cells under extreme environmental conditions, including temperature adaptability and impurity tolerance testing: Step S601: Temperature adaptability test: Step S6011, low temperature start test: specifically, the temperature of the environmental simulation chamber is lowered to -20°C, the fuel cell is left to stand for 2 hours in this environment, and then started, and the time from start to output 50% of the rated power is recorded; Step S6012, high temperature operation test: set three temperature points of 40°C, 60°C, and 80°C in the environmental simulation chamber, test the polarization curve at each temperature, and calculate the attenuation rate of the peak power relative to that at 60°C. Step S602: Impurity tolerance test: Step S6021: inject impurity gas (10 ppm CO + 1 ppm H2S) into the hydrogen path and operate at rated power for 100 hours; Step S6022: Test the polarization curve every 20 hours and calculate the performance attenuation rate (required to be ≤8%). Step S6023: After the test is completed, the poisoning degree of the catalyst is analyzed. Step S7: Security Test Safety testing is used to verify the safety performance of fuel cells and test platforms, including leakage testing and limit protection testing: Step S701: Leakage test: Step S7011: Under rated operating conditions, use a hydrogen leak detector to scan key locations such as fuel cell interfaces and pipe joints, and record the leakage rate (required to be ≤0.1 mL / min); Step S7012: After turning off the gas supply, maintain the pipeline pressure at 0.3 MPa. After 30 minutes, detect the pressure drop (required to be ≤0.01 MPa). Step S702: Extreme protection test: Step S7021, over-temperature protection test: gradually increase the battery stack temperature to the protection threshold (100°C) to verify whether the safety system triggers a shutdown within 5 seconds; Step S7022, overpressure protection test: slowly increase the hydrogen pressure to 0.6 MPa, and check whether the gas shut-off valve closes automatically (response time requirement ≤ 0.5 s). Step S8: Comprehensive evaluation Step S801, data integration: importing the raw data of each test step into the analysis module of the central controller to generate a standardized data set; Step S802, indicator quantification: calculate key performance indicators (such as peak power density, efficiency, attenuation rate, response time, etc.) and compare with industry standards (such as ISO14687-2:2012, GB / T35544-2017); Step S803, comprehensive scoring: Use the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to perform weighted scoring on each indicator (output capacity 30%, efficiency 25%, durability 20%, safety 15%, dynamic response 10%) to generate a comprehensive performance report; Step S804, optimization suggestions: Based on the scoring results, identify performance shortcomings (such as insufficient efficiency and poor durability) and propose targeted optimization directions (such as improving catalysts and optimizing operating temperatures). The present invention covers six categories of tests, namely basic output performance, efficiency, durability, dynamic response, environmental adaptability and safety, with a total of 12 specific test items, which realizes a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of hydrogen fuel cells throughout their life cycle, overcomes the defect of the single test dimension of the existing technology, and realizes the comprehensiveness of the test dimension.

[0024] A central controller is used to coordinate the control of each subsystem, with a control cycle of ≤10ms and a synchronous adjustment accuracy of gas flow, temperature, and load of ≤±1%. This solves the parameter lag problem caused by independent control of each system in the existing platform and realizes high-precision coordination of the system. A multi-tiered safety system encompassing monitoring, alarm, protection, and emergency response has been established, with a hydrogen leak detection response time of ≤1s and an extreme operating condition protection delay of ≤0.5s, significantly enhancing the safety of the testing process. Compared to existing technologies, this safety system boasts a wider coverage area (three monitoring points) and a faster response speed (over 10 times faster), effectively preventing safety incidents caused by hydrogen leaks and extreme operating conditions, and enhancing safety protection levels. A comprehensive evaluation model based on the hierarchical analysis method was established, which converted qualitative descriptions into quantitative indicators (such as comprehensive scores and weights of various performance items), realized the correlation analysis of "output capacity-efficiency-lifespan-safety", and achieved the quantification of the evaluation system. Through modular design and an expanded parameter adjustment range (e.g., temperature control covering -40-800°C), compatible testing of different fuel cell types, such as PEMFC and SOFC, is achieved, reducing the procurement and maintenance costs of testing equipment. While existing technologies require dedicated testing platforms for different fuel cell types, the universal design of this invention can reduce equipment investment by over 50%, achieving universal platform application. The central controller includes a built-in library of standardized test methods, supporting automated test processes and data processing, improving test efficiency by over 30%. For example, polarization curve testing can be initiated with a single click, eliminating the need for manual intervention, and test reports are automatically generated, reducing human error and automating the test process. In summary, the hydrogen fuel cell testing platform and testing method of the present invention provide a comprehensive and reliable testing solution for the research and development and application of hydrogen fuel cells through multi-dimensional testing, high-precision collaborative control, hierarchical safety protection and quantitative evaluation, and have important engineering application value and market prospects.

[0025] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0026] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform, characterized in that: It includes a gas supply system, a temperature control system, a load system, a data acquisition system, a safety system and a central controller. The gas supply system, the temperature control system, the load system and the data acquisition system are coordinated and controlled by the central controller.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas supply system includes a hydrogen path, an oxidant path, and an impurity injection unit.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hydrogen circuit is equipped with a mass flow meter, a pressure regulating valve and a humidity generator to control the hydrogen flow, pressure and humidity; the oxidant circuit is equipped with an air compressor, an oxygen concentration regulator and a humidity control module to achieve precise control of the oxidant flow, oxygen partial pressure and humidity; the impurity injection unit can selectively inject impurity gases such as CO (0-50ppm) and H2S (0-10ppm) to simulate hydrogen purity fluctuations.

4. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control system includes a battery stack constant temperature device and an environmental simulation cabin.

5. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 4, characterized in that: The battery stack constant temperature device adopts a circulating water thermal management system; the environmental simulation cabin realizes extreme temperature simulation of -40°C to 80°C.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The load system includes an electronic load.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 6, characterized in that: The electronic load supports constant current, constant voltage, and constant power modes to meet the requirements of dynamic load mutation testing.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data acquisition system includes a sensor array and a data recorder.

9. A hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 8, characterized in that: The sensor array includes a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flow sensor; the data recorder realizes multi-parameter synchronous acquisition and real-time display.

10. The hydrogen fuel cell test platform according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety system includes a hydrogen leakage monitoring module and an active protection module, and the active protection module includes an explosion-proof ventilation device, an emergency shutdown unit and a fire extinguishing device.