Construction progress automatic identification system and method based on personnel positioning

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction management, in particular to a construction progress automatic identification system and method based on personnel positioning. The method comprises the steps that an engineering plant area is divided into a plurality of construction areas according to a construction drawing and a BIM model, and each area corresponds to a specific construction task; collecting positioning data of constructors, wherein the positioning data comprises outdoor positioning data and indoor positioning data; calculating the activity frequency of constructors in each area of the engineering plant according to the positioning data; performing normalization processing on the activity frequency of each area to generate an activity thermodynamic diagram; and based on the color value of each region in the activity thermodynamic diagram, determining the regional construction progress, and performing weighted calculation on the overall construction progress according to the construction task weight. By automatically recognizing the construction progress, the workload of manual inspection and reporting is reduced, and the management efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of building construction management, and in particular to a construction progress automatic identification system and method based on personnel positioning. Background Art

[0002] In large-scale construction projects, construction progress management is a complex and critical component. Traditional progress management relies primarily on manual inspections and reporting, a time-consuming and labor-intensive approach prone to human error, resulting in inefficient and inaccurate progress management. This is especially true for complex projects such as large factories, tunnels, and bridges, where construction sites often encompass multiple areas, such as intermediate passages, branch tunnels, and workshops. The wide range of personnel activities and the heavy workload make it difficult for traditional management methods to comprehensively and accurately monitor construction progress. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the technical problem of low efficiency and insufficient accuracy in manual inspection and reporting of construction progress, the present invention aims to provide a system and method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning. The technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0004] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for automatically identifying construction progress based on personnel positioning, the method comprising:

[0005] Step S10: Divide the project site into multiple construction areas based on the construction drawings and BIM model, with each area corresponding to a specific construction task;

[0006] Step S20: Collecting the construction workers' positioning data, including outdoor positioning data and indoor positioning data;

[0007] Step S30: Calculating the activity frequency of construction workers in each area of ​​the project site based on the positioning data;

[0008] Step S40: normalizing the activity frequency of each area to generate an activity heat map;

[0009] Step S50: Based on the color value of each area in the activity heat map, determine the regional construction progress, and calculate the overall construction progress according to the weight of the construction task.

[0010] Furthermore, the method for dividing the area in step S10 is: based on the plan layout of the construction drawings and the three-dimensional structural information of the BIM model, an initial area division is generated through functional zoning, engineering quantity balance and dynamic adjustment rules;

[0011] The "space partitioning" tool of the BIM model is used to automatically extract structural nodes to generate initial partitions, which are then manually reviewed and corrected and stored in the database and associated with the construction tasks.

[0012] The dynamic update mechanism is triggered when the construction plan changes or the area division and task allocation are inconsistent, and the area division and weight allocation are automatically adjusted.

[0013] Furthermore, in step S20:

[0014] Outdoor positioning is achieved by wearing a Beidou helmet, with a positioning accuracy of ≤0.5 meters and a data update frequency of ≥1 time / second;

[0015] Indoor positioning is achieved using ultra-wideband or Bluetooth Beacon technology, with a positioning accuracy of ≤0.3 meters and support for multi-base station collaborative positioning;

[0016] The positioning data is transmitted to the data acquisition module via wireless communication and superimposed with the BIM model to achieve dynamic visual updates.

[0017] Furthermore, in step S30:

[0018] For each construction worker, obtain the frequency of the construction worker visiting each area in the project plant, and record it as the area frequency;

[0019] Taking any area in the project site as the target area, calculate the mean of the regional frequencies of all construction workers who have been to the target area as the activity frequency of the people in the target area;

[0020] The calculation formula for the activity frequency is:

[0021]

[0022] Where N is the total number of construction workers who have visited the jth area;

[0023] F j is the activity frequency of people in the jth area;

[0024] P ij is the number of activities of person i in the jth area;

[0025] W i is the construction task weight of person i;

[0026] T α ij is the cumulative stay time of person i in the jth area;

[0027] D β ij is the activity intensity of person i in the jth area;

[0028] α and β are time weight and density weight coefficients, which are used to adjust T α ij and Dβ ij The value range of α is 0.1-0.5.

[0029] Furthermore, in step S40:

[0030] The activity frequency of personnel in each area is normalized to its maximum and minimum values, and the normalized result value is used as the generation weight. For each area in the project plant, the product of the corresponding generation weight and the preset maximum thermal value is used as the color value of the area in the activity heat map.

[0031] The normalization formula is:

[0032]

[0033] Among them, C j is the color value of the jth region;

[0034] F j is the activity frequency of people in the jth area;

[0035] F min and F max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the activity frequencies corresponding to all regions, respectively.

[0036] Furthermore, in step S50:

[0037] When the color value corresponding to the area in the activity heat map is greater than or equal to the preset color threshold, the construction progress value of the area is determined to be the maximum progress value;

[0038] When the color value corresponding to a region in the activity heat map is less than a preset color threshold, the ratio of the color value corresponding to the region to the preset color threshold is used as the construction progress value of the region.

[0039] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the overall construction progress P in step S50 is:

[0040]

[0041] Among them, W j is the construction task weight of the jth area, which is determined by the proportion of the project volume in the area;

[0042] P j is the construction progress value of the jth area;

[0043] n is the total number of areas in the project plant.

[0044] In a second aspect, a construction progress automatic identification system based on personnel positioning is provided, the system comprising the following modules:

[0045] The area division module is used to analyze construction drawings and BIM models to generate dynamic construction area divisions;

[0046] The data acquisition module integrates the Beidou positioning terminal and the indoor high-precision positioning system to obtain the construction workers' positioning data in real time;

[0047] The data processing module is equipped with a Kalman filter and a Z-score normalization unit to eliminate abnormal data;

[0048] Activity range analysis module, which is used to calculate the activity frequency of people in each area based on positioning data and generate a normalized activity heat map;

[0049] The progress identification module is used to determine the regional construction progress based on the color threshold of the activity heat map and output the overall progress through weighted calculation.

[0050] The embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0051] The embodiments of the present invention utilize automated construction progress identification to reduce manual inspection and reporting workload and improve management efficiency. Based on high-precision positioning data and construction drawings, construction progress can be more accurately identified, avoiding human error. Real-time updates of construction progress allow for timely identification and resolution of issues, ensuring projects proceed as planned. This system is applicable to construction projects involving complex environments such as intermediate passages, branch tunnels, and workshops, enabling comprehensive and accurate monitoring of construction progress. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0053] Figure 1 A flowchart of a method for automatically identifying construction progress based on personnel positioning provided by one embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 This is a system block diagram of a construction progress automatic identification system based on personnel positioning provided by one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] To further illustrate the technical means and effectiveness of the present invention to achieve its intended purpose, the following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, describes in detail the specific implementation, structure, features, and effectiveness of a construction progress automatic identification system and method based on personnel positioning proposed by the present invention. In the following description, different references to "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, specific features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner.

[0056] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0057] The present invention provides a specific implementation method of a system and method for automatically identifying construction progress based on personnel positioning. The method is applicable to a construction progress identification scenario in which all construction workers must wear Beidou safety helmets when working outdoors.

[0058] The following describes in detail a specific scheme of a construction progress automatic identification system and method based on personnel positioning provided by the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0059] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flowchart of a method for automatically identifying construction progress based on personnel positioning provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0060] Step S10: Divide the project site into multiple construction areas based on the construction drawings and BIM model, with each area corresponding to a specific construction task.

[0061] Based on the floor plan layout of the construction drawings and the 3D structural information of the BIM model, the project site is divided into multiple construction zones. Each zone corresponds to a specific construction task and is labeled with a unique identifier. The division rules include functional zoning (by construction phase or operation type), workload balancing, and dynamic adjustment.

[0062] In the BIM model, the "Spatial Partitioning" tool is used to automatically extract structural nodes and generate initial partitions. Partitions are manually reviewed and revised to ensure consistency with the construction drawings. The final partition data is stored in the database and linked to the positioning system and progress analysis module. The construction plan is imported into the system in the form of a structured table or an XML file exported from project management software.

[0063] Bind tasks in the construction plan to zones in the BIM model. For example, assign the "base slab pouring" task to Zone-01 and associate the planned duration and concrete volume. Using timeline alignment technology, synchronize construction plan timelines with real-time location data, serving as a benchmark for progress analysis.

[0064] The system automatically checks the consistency of zoning and construction plans. If a region has no assigned tasks or overlaps, an alarm is triggered and a visual report is generated. A dynamic update mechanism automatically adjusts zoning and weighting when construction plans change.

[0065] Step S20: Collecting the construction workers' positioning data, including outdoor positioning data and indoor positioning data.

[0066] In the embodiment of the present invention, the location positioning of the construction workers includes: outdoor positioning and indoor positioning.

[0067] For outdoor positioning, Beidou safety helmets are used to achieve high-precision outdoor positioning of construction workers through the Beidou satellite system.

[0068] For indoor positioning, an indoor high-precision positioning system is used to achieve high-precision indoor positioning of construction workers, such as UWB and Bluetooth Beacon.

[0069] Beidou helmets offer outdoor positioning accuracy of ≤0.5 meters, with a data update frequency of ≥1 time per second. This ensures accurate mapping of construction workers' movements and avoids misjudgments of progress due to positioning drift. UWB tags offer indoor positioning accuracy of ≤0.3 meters and support multi-base station collaborative positioning.

[0070] After obtaining the location of the construction workers, the collected location will be stored in the location repository for subsequent processing and analysis. The positioning device transmits the location to the data acquisition module through wireless communication technology.

[0071] Overlaying positioning data onto the BIM model enables dynamic visualization of construction status updates. For example, the BIM model can dynamically mark the areas of construction completed that day and use different colors to indicate construction status (e.g., green for completed, yellow for in progress, and red for unfinished). Through the graphical interface, managers can intuitively understand construction progress and existing problems, facilitating timely adjustments and optimizations.

[0072] Ensure that all data points are based on the same clock reference, which can be achieved through NTP (Network Time Protocol) or other time synchronization services. Apply Kalman filters or other advanced filtering algorithms to remove position fluctuations caused by signal interference. For example, the state equation of the Kalman filter can be expressed as:

[0073] x k =Ax k-1 +Bu k-1 +w k-1 ; where x k is the current state vector, A is the state transfer matrix, B is the control input matrix, uk is the control vector, and w k represents the process noise, which is usually assumed to be Gaussian white noise.

[0074] Use statistical methods to identify and remove unreasonable data points. For example, use the Z-score normalization method: When (Z>3) or (Z<-3), the data point is considered an outlier, where X is the observed value, μ is the mean, and σ is the standard deviation.

[0075] For missing or incomplete time series data, linear interpolation, spline interpolation, or machine learning-based methods can be used to fill in the gaps. The linear interpolation formula is as follows:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, t0, t1 are known time points, y0, y1 are the observation values ​​at the corresponding time points, and t is the time point to be estimated.

[0078] Step S30: Calculate the activity frequency of construction workers in each area of ​​the engineering plant based on the positioning data.

[0079] First, the acquired location positioning of construction personnel is preprocessed to remove abnormal and noisy data, such as positioning data outside the scope of the project plant, and data from different sources are aligned to the same timeline to ensure data consistency.

[0080] For each construction worker, obtain the frequency of visits to each area within the project site, recording this as the regional frequency. Taking any area within the project site as the target area, calculate the mean regional frequency of all construction workers who visited the target area, and use this as the activity frequency of the personnel within the target area. Calculate the activity frequency of the personnel within each area within the project site.

[0081] In the embodiment of the present invention, taking the jth area in the engineering plant as the target area, the activity frequency F of the personnel in the jth area is j The calculation formula is:

[0082]

[0083] Where N is the total number of construction workers who have been to the jth area; P ij is the number of activities (number of positioning points) of person i in the jth area; W i is the construction task weight of person i, reflecting the importance of his role in the construction activity. For example, a technician may be more important than an ordinary worker, so the weight value is higher. The construction task weight is determined by the proportion of the project volume in the area. α ijD is the cumulative stay time of person i in the jth area (hours); β ij is the activity density of person i in the jth area; α and β are the time weight and density weight coefficients, which are used to adjust T α ij and D β ij Through field tests, when α = 0.3, the error in calculating the activity frequency is the smallest, so its range is limited to 0.1-0.5.

[0084] Step S40: normalize the activity frequency of each area to generate an activity heat map.

[0085] The activity heat map reflects the activities of construction workers in all areas of the project site.

[0086] The color depth of the activity heatmap represents the frequency of activity, with darker colors indicating higher frequency. Use the linear color mapping function to convert activity frequency into color values.

[0087] The activity frequencies of people within each area are normalized to their maximum and minimum values, and the resulting values ​​are used as the generated weights. For each area within the project site, the product of the corresponding generated weight and the preset maximum thermal value is used as the color value of the area in the activity heat map. In this embodiment of the present invention, the preset maximum thermal value is 255.

[0088] In this embodiment of the present invention, the color value C of the jth region in the activity heat map j The calculation formula is: Among them, F j is the activity frequency of people in the jth area; F min is the minimum value of the activity frequency corresponding to all regions; F max is the maximum value of the activity frequencies corresponding to all regions.

[0089] Step S50: Based on the color value of each area in the activity heat map, determine the regional construction progress, and calculate the overall construction progress according to the weight of the construction task.

[0090] When the color value corresponding to the area in the activity heat map is greater than or equal to the preset color threshold, the construction progress value of the area is determined to be the maximum progress value; in the embodiment of the present invention, the area with the largest color value in the activity heat map is obtained, and this area is the area with the highest activity frequency. The corresponding area may be an area with faster construction progress. The color value of this area can be used as the preset color threshold. In other embodiments, the implementer can also set the value of the preset color threshold according to actual conditions.

[0091] In the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum progress value is 1, indicating that the progress is completed as planned.

[0092] When the color value corresponding to a region in the activity heat map is less than a preset color threshold, the ratio of the color value corresponding to the region to the preset color threshold is used as the construction progress value of the region.

[0093] In this embodiment of the present invention, the construction progress value P of the jth area j for: Among them, C j is the color value of the jth region in the activity heat map; T is the preset color threshold.

[0094] According to the construction volume of different areas in the project plant, the construction task weight of each area is determined. Taking the jth area as an example, the construction task weight of the jth area is recorded as W j ; The construction task weight is manually set according to the construction workload predetermined in the construction organization plan. The greater the workload, the greater the weight.

[0095] The weight of the construction task in each area is used as the weight value, and the weighted sum of the construction progress in each area is taken to obtain the weighted construction progress of the engineering plant area;

[0096] The weighted construction progress is used as the numerator, the sum of the construction task weights of all areas is used as the denominator, and the ratio formed by the numerator and the denominator is used as the overall construction progress of the engineering plant.

[0097] In the embodiment of the present invention, the calculation formula for the overall construction progress P of the engineering plant is:

[0098] Where n is the total number of areas in the project plant.

[0099] Finally, the positioning data is subsequently superimposed on the BIM model to achieve dynamic visualization updates of the construction status. For example, the construction areas completed that day are dynamically marked in the BIM model, and the construction status is displayed in different colors to facilitate management personnel to view and analyze.

[0100] See also Figure 2 , which shows that an embodiment of the present invention provides a construction progress automatic identification system based on personnel positioning, and the system includes the following modules:

[0101] The area division module is used to analyze construction drawings and BIM models to generate dynamic construction area divisions;

[0102] The data acquisition module integrates the Beidou positioning terminal and the indoor high-precision positioning system to obtain the construction workers' positioning data in real time;

[0103] The data processing module is equipped with a Kalman filter and a Z-score normalization unit to eliminate abnormal data;

[0104] Activity range analysis module, which is used to calculate the activity frequency of people in each area based on positioning data and generate a normalized activity heat map;

[0105] The progress identification module is used to determine the regional construction progress based on the color threshold of the activity heat map and output the overall progress through weighted calculation.

[0106] It should be noted that the order in which the embodiments of the present invention are described above is for illustrative purposes only and does not necessarily represent the superiority or inferiority of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or sequential order shown to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0107] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: Step S10: Divide the project site into multiple construction areas based on the construction drawings and BIM model, with each area corresponding to a specific construction task; Step S20: Collecting the construction workers' positioning data, including outdoor positioning data and indoor positioning data; Step S30: Calculating the activity frequency of construction workers in each area of ​​the project site based on the positioning data; Step S40: normalizing the activity frequency of each area to generate an activity heat map; Step S50: Based on the color value of each area in the activity heat map, determine the regional construction progress, and calculate the overall construction progress according to the weight of the construction task.

2. The method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for dividing the area in step S10 is: based on the plan layout of the construction drawings and the three-dimensional structural information of the BIM model, the initial area division is generated through functional zoning, engineering quantity balance and dynamic adjustment rules; The "Spatial Partitioning" tool in the BIM model is used to automatically extract structural nodes to generate initial partitions. After manual review and correction, the partitions are stored in the database and associated with the construction tasks. The dynamic update mechanism is triggered when the construction plan changes or the area division and task allocation are inconsistent, and the area division and weight allocation are automatically adjusted.

3. The method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S20: Outdoor positioning is achieved by wearing a Beidou helmet, with a positioning accuracy of ≤0.5 meters and a data update frequency of ≥1 time / second; Indoor positioning is achieved using ultra-wideband or Bluetooth Beacon technology, with a positioning accuracy of ≤0.3 meters and support for multi-base station collaborative positioning; The positioning data is transmitted to the data acquisition module via wireless communication and superimposed with the BIM model to achieve dynamic visual updates.

4. The method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S30: For each construction worker, obtain the frequency of the construction worker visiting each area in the project plant, and record it as the area frequency; Taking any area in the project site as the target area, calculate the mean of the regional frequencies of all construction workers who have been to the target area as the activity frequency of the people in the target area; The calculation formula for the activity frequency is: Where N is the total number of construction workers who have visited the jth area; F j is the activity frequency of people in the jth area; P ij is the number of activities of person i in the jth area; W i is the construction task weight of person i; T α ij is the cumulative stay time of person i in the jth area; D β ij is the activity intensity of person i in the jth area; α and β are time weight and density weight coefficients, which are used to adjust T α ij and D β ij The value range of α is 0.1-0.

5.

5. The method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S40: The activity frequency of personnel in each area is normalized to its maximum and minimum values, and the normalized result value is used as the generation weight. For each area in the project plant, the product of the corresponding generation weight and the preset maximum thermal value is used as the color value of the area in the activity heat map. The normalization formula is: Among them, C j is the color value of the jth region; F j is the activity frequency of people in the jth area; F min and F max are the minimum and maximum values ​​of the activity frequencies corresponding to all regions, respectively.

6. The method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step S50: When the color value corresponding to the area in the activity heat map is greater than or equal to the preset color threshold, the construction progress value of the area is determined to be the maximum progress value; When the color value corresponding to a region in the activity heat map is less than a preset color threshold, the ratio of the color value corresponding to the region to the preset color threshold is used as the construction progress value of the region.

7. The method for automatic identification of construction progress based on personnel positioning according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula for the overall construction progress P in step S50 is: Among them, W j is the construction task weight of the jth area, which is determined by the proportion of the project volume in the area; P j is the construction progress value of the jth area; n is the total number of areas in the project plant.

8. A construction progress automatic identification system based on personnel positioning, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: The area division module is used to analyze construction drawings and BIM models to generate dynamic construction area divisions; The data acquisition module integrates the Beidou positioning terminal and the indoor high-precision positioning system to obtain the construction workers' positioning data in real time; The data processing module is equipped with a Kalman filter and a Z-score normalization unit to eliminate abnormal data; Activity range analysis module, which is used to calculate the activity frequency of people in each area based on positioning data and generate a normalized activity heat map; The progress identification module is used to determine the regional construction progress based on the color threshold of the activity heat map and output the overall progress through weighted calculation.

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