Electronic device

Abstract

The invention provides electronic equipment, radiators are arranged on a first side edge, the radiators are arranged along a second floor edge at intervals, each radiator comprises a first free end, a feeding point, at least one grounding point and a second free end, and the grounding points are electrically connected with a reference floor; the signal source is electrically connected with the feeding point and is used for exciting the radiator and the reference floor to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band; the first resonant mode comprises a 1 / 2 wavelength mode which is formed on the reference floor in a direction parallel to the top edge and supports the first frequency band, and the mainboard of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode at least points to the top edge side, so that the performance of radiating towards the top edge of the electronic equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electronic device. Background Art

[0002] When mobile phones and other electronic devices are connecting to signals, the radiation direction of the antenna's main lobe has a significant impact on the antenna's performance. Therefore, how to design the antenna's radiation direction to improve the performance of the antenna radiating toward the top edge of the electronic device has become a technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present application provides an electronic device for improving antenna performance radiating toward a top edge.

[0004] An embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, comprising a frame, a reference floor, and an antenna assembly, wherein the frame is disposed around the reference floor and includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge that are connected to each other; and the antenna assembly includes:

[0005] a radiator, the radiator being disposed on the first side, the radiator being spaced apart along the second floor edge, the radiator comprising a first free end, a feeding point, at least one grounding point, and a second free end, the grounding point being electrically connected to the reference floor; and

[0006] A signal source electrically connected to the feeding point, the signal source being used to excite the radiator and the reference floor to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band; the first resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band on the reference floor in a direction parallel to the edge of the first floor, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is at least directed to the top side.

[0007] The electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed so that the radiator is arranged on the first side, and the radiator is arranged at intervals along the second floor edge. The radiator includes a first free end, a feeding point, at least one grounding point and a second free end, and the grounding point is electrically connected to the reference floor; a signal source is electrically connected to the feeding point, and the signal source is used to excite the radiator and the reference floor to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band; the first resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band in a direction parallel to the first floor edge on the reference floor, and the main lobe of the antenna component in the first resonant mode is at least directed to the top side. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments.

[0009] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0010] Figure 2 is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0011] Figure 3 is a partial schematic diagram of the back cover side of the electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 4 is a partial schematic diagram of an antenna assembly and a reference floor provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application in the first resonant mode;

[0014] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application in the second resonant mode;

[0015] Figure 7 1 is a structural diagram of an antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit;

[0016] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 9 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application in a disconnected state;

[0018] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the first tuning circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application is a grounded capacitor and the second tuning circuit is a grounded inductor;

[0019] Figure 11 1 is a structural diagram of a matching circuit including a matching switch and a matching branch provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 12 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in which the first grounding point and the second grounding point of a radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application are disconnected;

[0022] Figure 14 This is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between the first grounding point and the second grounding point of the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 15This is a schematic diagram of the relative position of the radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application on a reference floor;

[0024] Figure 16 The S-parameter curves of the first and second resonance modes formed by the signal source exciting the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 17 The radiation efficiency and total efficiency curves of the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode formed by the signal source exciting the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application are as follows;

[0026] Figure 18 It is a left-handed circularly polarized pattern of the first resonant mode formed by the radiator excited by the signal source provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 19 It is a left-handed circularly polarized pattern of the second resonant mode formed by the signal source exciting the radiator provided in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 20 This is the left-hand circular polarization 3D pattern of the electronic device provided in the head-hand scene according to the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 21 It is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of the antenna assembly in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application operating in the Tiantong transmit frequency band;

[0030] Figure 22 It is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D pattern of the antenna assembly in the electronic device provided in the embodiment of the present application operating in the Tiantong receiving frequency band;

[0031] Figure 23 This is a hotspot distribution diagram of SAR of an electronic device in a head-hand scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Description of Figure Numbers:

[0033] Electronic device 1000; antenna assembly 100; display screen 200; middle frame 300; back cover 400; middle plate 310; frame 320; top edge 321; bottom edge 322; first side edge 323; second side edge 324; reference ground 500; main board 600; battery 700; first ground current I1; first resonant current I2; first tuning branch T11; first switch K1; second switch K2; second tuning branch T21; first ground edge 511; second ground Board edge 512; third floor edge 513; fourth floor edge 514; radiator 10; signal source 20; first free end A; feeding point B; grounding point C; second free end D; matching circuit M1; matching switch M11; matching branch M12; first tuning circuit T1; second tuning circuit T2; grounding capacitor C0; grounding inductor L0; first antenna assembly 100a; second antenna assembly 100b; switch unit 40; first grounding point C1; second grounding point C2. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solution of this application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described in this application are only some embodiments, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments provided in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0035] References to "embodiments" in this application mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it necessarily refer to mutually exclusive, independent, or alternative embodiments to other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described in this application may be combined with other embodiments.

[0036] The terms "first," "second," and so on, in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a specific order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a component or device comprising one or more parts is not limited to the one or more parts listed, but may optionally include one or more parts that are not listed but are inherent to the illustrated product, or one or more parts that should be present based on the described functionality.

[0037] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Electronic device 1000 includes, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, tablet computer, laptop computer, computer, wearable device, drone, robot, digital camera, and other devices with communication functions. This embodiment of the present application uses a mobile phone as an example, and other electronic devices can refer to this embodiment.

[0038] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 : is a partially exploded schematic diagram of an electronic device 1000. The electronic device 1000 includes an antenna assembly 100. Taking the electronic device 1000 as a mobile phone as an example, the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 is explained. The electronic device 1000 includes a display screen 200, a middle frame 300 and a back cover 400 arranged in sequence along the thickness direction. Among them, the middle frame 300 includes a middle plate 310 and a frame 320 surrounding the side of the middle plate 310. The frame 320 can be a conductive frame. Of course, in other embodiments, the electronic device 1000 may not have a middle plate 310. The display screen 200, the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 are stacked in sequence, and a receiving space is formed between the display screen 200 and the middle plate 310, and between the middle plate 310 and the back cover 400 to accommodate components such as a mainboard 600, a camera module, a receiver module, a battery 700, and various sensors. One side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the display screen 200, and the other side of the frame 320 is connected to the edge of the back cover 400, thereby forming a complete external structure of the electronic device 1000. In this embodiment, the frame 320 and the middle plate 310 are integrally formed. The frame 320 and the back cover 400 can also be separate structures. The above describes the working environment of the antenna assembly 100 using a mobile phone as an example, but the antenna assembly 100 of the present application is not limited to the above working environment.

[0039] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 The middle is a back view of the electronic device 1000. The frame 320 includes a top edge 321 and a bottom edge 322 that are arranged opposite to each other, and a first side edge 323 and a second side edge 324 connected to the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. Among them, the top edge 321 is the side away from the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode, and the bottom edge 322 is the side facing the ground when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The first side edge 323 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. Of course, the first side edge 323 can also be the right side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode. The second side edge 324 is the left side when the user holds the electronic device 1000 and uses it in portrait mode.

[0040] Optional, see Figure 3, the electronic device 1000 includes a reference floor 500. The frame 320 is arranged around the circumference of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 is arranged inside the frame 320. The shape of the reference floor 500 is roughly rectangular. Because devices are set up in the mobile phone as needed or other structures are avoided, various grooves, holes, etc. are opened on the reference floor 500 of the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 includes but is not limited to the metal alloy part of the middle plate 310 and the reference ground metal part of the circuit board (including the main board 600 and the sub-board). Roughly speaking, the reference ground system in the electronic device 1000 can be equivalent to a rough rectangle, so it is called the reference floor 500. Among them, the reference floor 500 does not indicate that the shape of the reference ground is plate-shaped and is a rectangular plate.

[0041] See also Figure 3 The reference floor 500 includes a first floor edge 511, a second floor edge 512, a third floor edge 513, and a fourth floor edge 514, which are connected in sequence. The first floor edge 511 is opposite to and spaced from the top edge 321, the second floor edge 512 is opposite to and spaced from the first side edge 323, the third floor edge 513 is opposite to and spaced from the bottom edge 322, and the fourth floor edge 514 is opposite to and spaced from the second side edge 324.

[0042] Optionally, the length of the first floor edge 511 is approximately equal to or the same as the length of the third floor edge 513. The length of the second floor edge 512 is approximately equal to or the same as the length of the fourth floor edge 514. The first floor edge 511 and the third floor edge 513 are the short sides of the reference floor 500. The second floor edge 512 and the fourth floor edge 514 are the long sides of the reference floor 500.

[0043] The specific structure of the antenna assembly 100 is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] See also Figure 3 The antenna assembly 100 includes a radiator 10 and a signal source 20 .

[0045] This application does not specifically limit the material of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 can be made of a conductive material, including but not limited to metals, alloys, and other conductive materials. This application does not specifically limit the shape of the first radiator 10. For example, the shape of the first radiator 10 includes but is not limited to a strip, sheet, rod, coating, or film. Figure 3The first radiator 10 shown is merely an example and does not limit the shape of the first radiator 10 provided in this application. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is all strip-shaped. This application does not limit the extension path of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may extend along a straight line, a curve, or a bend line. The first radiator 10 may extend along a uniform width line, or may be a strip of varying width, such as a strip with a gradually varying width or a widened area.

[0046] This application does not specifically limit the form of the first radiator 10. Optionally, the first radiator 10 may be in the form of a metal frame 320, a metal frame embedded in the plastic frame 320, a metal radiator 10 located within or on the surface of the frame 320, a flexible printed circuit board (FPC) antenna formed on a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), a laser direct structured antenna using laser direct structure (LDS), a printed direct structured antenna using print direct structure (PDS), a conductive sheet antenna (e.g., a metal bracket antenna), etc. In this embodiment, the first radiator 10 is taken as a portion of the metal frame 320 of the electronic device 1000.

[0047] See also Figure 3 The radiators 10 are disposed on the first side edge 323. The extending direction of the radiators 10 is the same as the extending direction of the first side edge 323. The radiators 10 are spaced apart along the second floor edge 512.

[0048] The head-hand satellite communication mode is a communication mode in which the operator holds the handheld electronic device 1000 near the head. In this mode, since the antenna on the top edge 321 is located close to the head, it is easily affected by the head dielectric loading, resulting in detuning (frequency deviation), severe efficiency reduction, or even failure to transmit and receive satellite signals. The radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application, which is located on the first side edge 323, is relatively far away from the head. For example, the distance from the center of the head is greater than 5 cm. The head dielectric loading has little or no effect on the radiator 10 on the first side edge 323, so that the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can also operate normally in the head-hand satellite communication mode.

[0049] In addition, the antenna at top edge 321 is close to the human head in head-to-hand satellite communication mode, which poses a risk of exceeding the SAR (human specific absorption rate). However, the radiator 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application is located relatively far away from the human head, reducing the risk of exceeding the SAR.

[0050] Optionally, when the number of antenna assemblies 100 set in the electronic device 1000 is one, the radiator 10 of the antenna assembly 100 can be set on the right side of the rear view of the electronic device 1000, so that the operator can have better satellite communication performance when holding the electronic device 1000 in the right hand to conduct satellite calls.

[0051] See also Figure 3 The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C and a second free end D.

[0052] The free end in this application refers to an end that is disconnected from other conductive parts on the frame 320 by an insulating gap and is not electrically connected to the reference ground 500. In order to ensure the structural strength of the frame 320 of the electronic device 1000, the above-mentioned insulating gap is filled with an insulating material.

[0053] The grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. The grounding point C herein refers to the location electrically connected to the reference ground plane 500. Electrical connection methods include, but are not limited to, direct or indirect electrical connection. For example, the grounding point C is grounded via a grounding spring. For another example, the grounding point C of the first radiator 10 is integrally connected to a portion of the reference ground plane 500, i.e., physically grounded.

[0054] In this embodiment, please refer to Figure 3 , the first free end A is closer to the top edge 321 than the second free end D. In other embodiments, the second free end D is closer to the top edge 321 than the first free end A.

[0055] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point B. The first signal source 20 includes but is not limited to a radio frequency transceiver chip, etc. In the embodiment of the present application, the first signal source 20 is provided on the mainboard 600. The electrical connection method between the first signal source 20 and the feed point B includes but is not limited to an indirect method through a coaxial line, a conductive spring, etc. Specifically, the first signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feed point B through a feed spring (conductive spring) provided on the mainboard 600.

[0056] See also Figure 3 and Figure 4, the antenna assembly 100 also includes a matching circuit M1. The matching circuit M1 is electrically connected between the first signal source 20 and the feeding point B. The matching circuit M1 and the first signal source 20 can be connected via a coaxial cable, and the matching circuit M1 and the feeding point B are electrically connected via a feeding spring (conductive spring). The matching circuit M1 includes at least one of a capacitor and an inductor. The matching circuit M1 helps to excite a resonant mode on the radiator 10 by adjusting the impedance matching between the first signal source 20 and the first radiator 10. Furthermore, the matching circuit M1 can also include a matching switch M11 and a plurality of matching branches M12 electrically connected to the matching switch. The matching switch M11 switches different matching branches M12 to achieve switching of the frequency band supported by the first radiator 10 or impedance matching when switching different signals supported by the first radiator 10 (Tiantong satellite band or mobile communication band).

[0057] The first signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band. Specifically, the first signal source 20 provides an RF excitation current to excite a resonant current in the radiator 10 and a floor current in the reference floor 500, thereby forming a resonant mode supporting the frequency band corresponding to the resonant current.

[0058] Optionally, the first frequency band includes but is not limited to Tiantong satellite band, Beidou satellite band, GPS band, LB band (less than 1 GHz), MHB band [1 GHz-3 GHz), and UHB band [above 3 GHz].

[0059] See also Figure 5 The first resonant mode includes a half-wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band formed on the reference floor 500 in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 (top edge 321). The main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the first resonant mode is at least directed toward the top edge 321.

[0060] The main lobe refers to the largest radiation beam in the pattern. The top edge 321 side refers to the range within which the angle formed with the Y-axis direction is 45 degrees.

[0061] Specifically, the electrical length of the reference floor 500 in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band. The closeness mentioned herein means fluctuating by 1 / 10 wavelength.

[0062] The electrical length described in this application can satisfy the following formula:

[0063]

[0064] Where L is the physical length, a is the propagation time of the electrical or electromagnetic signal in the medium, and b is the propagation time in a free environment.

[0065] See also Figure 5 In the first resonant mode, the signal source 20 and the radiator 10 are equivalent to exciters, which stimulate the formation of a resonant mode on the reference floor 500. The resonant current of this resonant mode is the first floor current I1, which mainly includes a 1 / 2 wavelength current supporting the first frequency band formed in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511.

[0066] At this time, see Figure 5 The reference floor 500 is similar to a dipole antenna. Since the reference floor 500 is long in length, the reference floor 500 radiates energy toward the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322. Therefore, the main lobe (e.g. Figure 5 Q1) at least points to the top edge 321 side, so that the electronic device 1000 can establish a signal connection with the remote space device at the top when the antenna assembly 100 operates in the satellite frequency band or the GPS frequency band, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna assembly 100 radiating toward the top edge 321 (upward).

[0067] The electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application is designed to have a radiator 10 disposed on the first side edge 323, and the radiator 10 is spaced apart along the second floor edge 512. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C, and a second free end D, and the grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference floor 500; a signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band formed in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 on the reference floor 500, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the directional pattern in the first resonant mode points at least to the top edge 321 side, thereby improving the antenna performance of the antenna assembly 100 radiating toward the top edge 321 (upward), and facilitating the electronic device 1000 to establish a signal connection with the remote space device on the top when the antenna assembly 100 operates in the satellite frequency band or the GPS frequency band.

[0068] The signal source 20 is further configured to excite the radiator 10 to form a second resonance mode supporting a second frequency band.

[0069] See also Figure 6 The second resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator 10. The main lobe (e.g. Figure 6Q2) in the figure at least points to the first side 323. The first side 323 is within a range of 45° with respect to the -X axis direction.

[0070] Specifically, the electrical length of radiator 10 is close to half the wavelength of the center frequency of the second frequency band, which encourages radiator 10 to generate a resonant current I2 supporting the half-wavelength mode of the second frequency band under the excitation of first signal source 20. The current in the second resonant mode flows from one end of radiator 10 to the other, with essentially no ground current. A current flows in the opposite direction and parallel to radiator 10 on second floor edge 512 of reference floor 500. At this time, reference floor 500 reflects the radiated energy, so the directional pattern of antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode points in a direction including toward first side edge 323.

[0071] In other words, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application can form a directional pattern radiating toward the top edge 321, and can also form a directional pattern radiating toward the first side edge 323, so as to realize directional pattern reconstruction. When establishing a signal connection, the radiation direction can be adjusted by switching the directional pattern while the position of the electronic device 1000 is not moving, thereby quickly realizing signal connection; in addition, it can also form a directional pattern radiating toward the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323, and the radiation range of the directional pattern is larger. In this way, after the electronic device 1000 establishes a signal connection with the remote space device, the stability of the signal connection can be ensured when the orientation of the electronic device 1000 moves within a certain range.

[0072] The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed such that the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side 323, and the radiator 10 is spaced apart along the second floor edge 512. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C and a second free end D, and the grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference floor 500; the signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first resonant mode is included in the reference floor 500 is formed in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 to support a 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band, and the main lobe of the antenna component 100 in the directional pattern in the first resonance mode is at least directed to the top edge 321 side; the second resonance mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator 10, and the main lobe of the antenna component 100 in the directional pattern in the second resonance mode is directed to at least the first side edge 323 side. In this way, the directional pattern of the electronic device 1000 can be directed to the top edge 321 side and / or the first side edge 323 side, thereby enhancing signal connection and signal connection stability.

[0073] Optionally, the center frequency of the first frequency band is different from the center frequency of the second frequency band. In this embodiment, the center frequency of the first frequency band is less than the center frequency of the second frequency band. In other embodiments, the center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the second frequency band.

[0074] See also Figure 5 , the first resonant mode forms a sub-resonant mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator 10.

[0075] The distance between the first free end A and the ground point C is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band, so that the sub-resonance mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end A and the ground point C.

[0076] When the number of the grounding points C is two or more, the distance between the first free end A and the closest grounding point C is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0077] See also Figure 5 The resonant current path of the sub-resonant mode includes flowing from the first free end A and from the second free end D to the ground point C.

[0078] The current path of the resonant current supporting the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band (ie, the first floor current I1 ) on the reference floor 500 includes flowing from the grounding point C along a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 to the second side edge 324 .

[0079] Due to the periodicity of the current, the resonant current path of the sub-resonant mode can be reversed, that is, it flows from the grounding point C to the first free end A and the second free end D. At the same time, the direction of the first floor current I1 is also reversed, from the second side 324 along a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 toward the grounding point C.

[0080] This application does not make any specific limitation on the size and relative relationship of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, which are illustrated below through several embodiments.

[0081] Optionally, the first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band. A continuous frequency band means that the return loss of the first frequency band and the second frequency band are both below a reference value (e.g., -5dB). The antenna assembly 100 has high impedance matching within the continuous frequency band, thereby having high efficiency. The continuous frequency band covers the Tiantong satellite frequency band, so the antenna assembly 100 can support the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0082] Specifically, the operating frequency band of the Tiantong satellite is 1.98 GHz to 2.2 GHz. For example, the center frequency of the first frequency band is 1.9 GHz. The center frequency of the second frequency band is 2.1 GHz. The first and second frequency bands form a continuous frequency band (for example, 1.85 GHz to 2.2 GHz) that covers the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0083] When antenna assembly 100 supports the Tiantong satellite frequency band, by positioning radiator 10 on first side 323, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, radiator 10 is relatively far from the head, so radiator 10 is less affected by head dielectric loading, and the SAR risk is reduced. Furthermore, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, electronic device 1000 is tilted, with top edge 321 and first side 323 of electronic device 1000 facing a distant satellite device. The antenna assembly 100's directional pattern is oriented toward the side of top edge 321 and / or first side 323, enabling effective connection to the distant satellite device and ensuring stable signal connection.

[0084] Optionally, the first frequency band and the second frequency band are spaced apart. The first frequency band is used to cover the transmit frequency band (1.612-1.621 GHz) of the Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second frequency band is used to cover the receive frequency band (2.487-2.497 GHz) of the Beidou satellite frequency band.

[0085] In this embodiment, the first frequency band is designed to cover the transmitting frequency band of the Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second frequency band is designed to cover the receiving frequency band of the Beidou satellite frequency band, so that the antenna assembly 100 can operate in the Beidou satellite frequency band.

[0086] When antenna assembly 100 supports the BeiDou satellite frequency band, by positioning radiator 10 on first side 323, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, radiator 10 is relatively far from the head, so radiator 10 is less affected by head dielectric loading, and the SAR risk is reduced. Furthermore, in a head-to-hand satellite call scenario, electronic device 1000 is tilted, with top edge 321 and first side 323 of electronic device 1000 facing a distant satellite device. The antenna assembly 100's directional pattern is oriented toward the side of top edge 321 and / or first side 323, enabling effective connection with the distant satellite device and ensuring stable signal connection.

[0087] Optional, see Figure 7The antenna assembly 100 further includes a first tuning circuit T1 and a second tuning circuit T2. One end of the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected between the ground point C and the first free end A, and the other end of the first tuning circuit T1 is grounded. Optionally, the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected to the first feed point B. Of course, in other embodiments, the first tuning circuit T1 is electrically connected between the first feed point B and the first free end A. The first tuning circuit T1 is used to tune the size of the first frequency band.

[0088] Furthermore, the first tuning circuit T1 is an impedance adjustable circuit, or an antenna switching circuit.

[0089] Optionally, the first tuning circuit T1 includes an antenna switch and / or an adjustable capacitor.

[0090] In the first embodiment of the first tuning circuit T1, see Figure 8 The first tuning circuit T1 further includes a first switch K1 and a plurality of first tuning branches T11. One end of the first switch K1 is electrically connected to the radiator 10, and one end of each of the first tuning branches T11 is electrically connected to the other end of the first switch K1. The other ends of each of the first tuning branches T11 are grounded.

[0091] Each first tuning branch T11 has a different impedance value. For example, the multiple first tuning branches T11 may be multiple capacitors with different capacitance values; or, the multiple first tuning branches T11 may be multiple inductors with different inductance values; or, the multiple first tuning branches T11 may include multiple capacitors with different capacitance values ​​and multiple inductors with different inductance values. By adjusting the first switch K1 to electrically connect to different devices, the equivalent electrical length electrically connected between the first radiator 10 and the first tuning branch T11 can be adjusted, thereby switching the size of the supported first frequency band.

[0092] In a second embodiment of the first tuning circuit T1, the first tuning circuit T1 includes an adjustable capacitor. One end of the adjustable capacitor is electrically connected to the radiator 10, and the other end of the adjustable capacitor is grounded. The adjustable capacitor is adjustable to switch the supported frequency within the first frequency band. The adjustable capacitor is a capacitor with an adjustable capacitance value. Thus, by adjusting the capacitance value of the capacitor, the impedance of the first tuning circuit T1 is adjustable, thereby adjusting the effective electrical length of the radiator 10 and the first tuning circuit T1, thereby switching the supported frequency within the first frequency band.

[0093] Of course, the first tuning circuit T1 may also be a combination of the first embodiment and the second embodiment described above. For example, the first tuning branch T11 includes the adjustable capacitor.

[0094] See also Figure 8 One end of the second tuning circuit T2 is electrically connected between the ground point C and the second free end D, and the other end of the second tuning circuit T2 is grounded. The second tuning circuit T2 is used to tune the second frequency band. The second tuning circuit T2 includes a second switch K2 and a second tuning branch T21. The specific structure of the second tuning circuit T2 can refer to the specific structure of the first tuning circuit T1.

[0095] This embodiment sets a first tuning circuit T1 and a second tuning circuit T2 to achieve adjustable sizes of the first frequency band and the second frequency band, thereby achieving switchable frequency bands supported by the antenna assembly 100. For example, the antenna assembly 100 is compatible with and supports the Tiantong satellite band and the Beidou satellite band.

[0096] The electrical length between the first free end A and the first ground point C is close to 1 / 4 wavelength of the transmit frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band. The electrical length between the first free end A and the second free end D is close to 1 / 2 wavelength of the receive frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band. The first matching circuit is configured such that the first frequency band is the transmit frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band and the second frequency band is the receive frequency band of the Tiantong satellite band.

[0097] See also Figure 9 The first tuning circuit T1 and the second tuning circuit T2 are both configured so that when the radiator 10 is disconnected, that is, the first switch disconnects the electrical connection between the first tuning branch and the radiator 10, and the second switch disconnects the electrical connection between the second tuning branch and the radiator 10, the first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band and cover the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0098] Further, see Figure 10 When the first tuning circuit T1 is configured to electrically connect the grounded capacitor C0 of the radiator 10, the first frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band. The first switch K1 switches to electrically connect the first tuning branch T11, which is the grounded capacitor C0, to the radiator 10. At this time, a parallel capacitance is formed on the radiator 10, causing the first frequency band supported by the radiator 10 to shift toward a lower frequency. By designing the size of the grounded capacitor C0 of the first tuning branch T11, the frequency band covering the Tiantong satellite band (1980MHz-2100MHz) can be tuned to cover the Beidou satellite band (1.612-1.621GHz).

[0099] See also Figure 10When the second tuning circuit T2 is configured to electrically connect to the ground inductor L0 of the radiator 10, the second frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band. The second switch K2 switches to electrically connect the second tuning branch T21, which is the ground inductor L0, to the radiator 10. At this time, a parallel inductance is formed between the ground point C and the second free end D of the radiator 10, shifting the second frequency band supported by the radiator 10 toward higher frequencies. By designing the size of the ground inductor L0 of the second tuning branch T21, the frequency band covering the Tiantong satellite band (2100MHz-2200MHz) can be tuned to cover the Beidou satellite band (2.487-2.497GHz).

[0100] In this embodiment, the antenna assembly 100 switches from the Tiantong satellite frequency band to the Beidou satellite frequency band by switching between the first free end A and the ground point C to a parallel capacitor and between the second free end D and the ground point C to a parallel inductor. Of course, the antenna assembly 100 can also switch from the Beidou satellite frequency band to the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0101] Optional, see Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are orthogonal modes. Specifically, the first floor current I1 formed on the reference floor 500 by the first resonant mode is parallel to the first floor edge 511 (top edge 321), and the first resonant current I2 formed on the radiator 10 by the second resonant mode is parallel to the second floor edge 512. The extension direction of the first floor edge 511 is orthogonal to the extension direction of the second floor edge 512. Therefore, the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode form an orthogonal mode, and the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the first resonant mode is different from the radiation direction of the antenna component 100 in the second resonant mode (for example, mainly pointing to the top edge 321 and mainly pointing to the first side edge 323), thereby achieving pattern reconstruction.

[0102] Optionally, when the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band is 1.01 to 1.1, a double degenerate mode is formed in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode at the target frequency band. Since the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode are orthogonal modes. The double degenerate mode will be orthogonal at the target frequency band, with a phase difference close to 90° and similar amplitude, thereby forming a circular polarization mode. The center frequency of the target frequency band is located between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band, and the target frequency band belongs to the continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band. Furthermore, the center frequency of the target frequency band is located at the center point between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band. In this way, the target frequency band in the continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band is a signal frequency band transmitted in the form of a circularly polarized wave. The target frequency band includes but is not limited to the GPS frequency band, the Beidou satellite frequency band, or the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0103] By designing the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band to be 1.01 to 1.1, a target frequency band with an impedance less than a preset impedance value can be formed between the first frequency band and the second frequency band, wherein the preset impedance value is, for example, the impedance value when the return loss is -6dB, -7dB, or -8dB.

[0104] When the ratio of the two frequency points of the dual degenerate mode is 1.01:1.1, and the two resonant components of the dual degenerate mode are orthogonal, the dual degenerate mode can form two orthogonal circularly polarized components. For example, the axial ratio at the target frequency point between the two frequency points of the dual degenerate mode is also low, for example, less than 3dB. In this way, the impedance band (target frequency band) of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode has a high correspondence with the axial ratio band. Among them, the impedance band is a target frequency band where the impedance is less than the preset impedance value, and the axial ratio band is a frequency band where the axial ratio is less than 10dB. Optionally, the axial ratio band can completely cover the impedance band, that is, the axial ratio of the target frequency band is less than 10dB. Since the axial ratio of the target frequency band is less than 10dB, the target frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band can operate in a circularly polarized wave mode.

[0105] Optional, see Figure 11 The matching circuit M1 includes a matching switch M11 and a plurality of matching branches M12. One end of the matching switch M11 is electrically connected to the feed point B, one end of the matching branch M12 is electrically connected to the other end of the matching switch M11, and the other end of the matching branch M12 is electrically connected to the reference ground 500 and the signal source 20. The matching circuit M1 is used to tune the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 to the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode, or the circular polarization mode.

[0106] Specifically, when the matching circuit M1 switches the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 to the center frequency of the first frequency band or thereabouts, the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly the first resonance mode. At this time, the radiation pattern is a radiation pattern that mainly radiates toward the top edge 321, so as to facilitate signal connection with satellite equipment, etc. mainly through radiation from the top edge 321.

[0107] When the matching circuit M1 switches the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 to the center frequency of the second frequency band or thereabouts, the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 is mainly the second resonance mode. At this time, the radiation pattern is a radiation pattern mainly radiating toward the first side 323, so as to facilitate signal connection with satellite equipment, etc. mainly through radiation from the first side 323.

[0108] When the matching circuit M1 switches the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 to near the center point between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band (i.e., the center frequency of the target frequency band), the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 includes both the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode. By designing the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band to be 1.01 to 1.1, the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 is a circular polarization mode, the circular polarization gain is increased, and the signal quality of the satellite frequency band and the GPS frequency band is improved.

[0109] In this embodiment, the matching switch M11 is controlled to switch the matching branch M12 to switch the operating frequency of the antenna assembly 100 , thereby switching the operating mode of the antenna assembly 100 .

[0110] When the radiator 10 is arranged on the left-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000, and the electronic device 1000 is in a left-hand call scenario, the radiator 10 on the left-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time it has better satellite communication performance.

[0111] When the radiator 10 is arranged on the right-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000, and the electronic device 1000 is in the right-hand call scenario, the radiator 10 on the right-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time it has better satellite communication performance.

[0112] Optional, see Figure 12 The number of antenna assemblies 100 is two. The two antenna assemblies 100 are a first antenna assembly 100a and a second antenna assembly 100b. The radiator 10 of the first antenna assembly 100a and the radiator 10 of the second antenna assembly 100b are respectively disposed on the first side 323 and the second side 324.

[0113] See also Figure 12The electronic device 1000 further includes a switch unit 40. The switch unit 40 electrically connects the first antenna assembly 100a and the second antenna assembly 100b. The switch unit 40 is configured to control the operation of the first antenna assembly 100a or the second antenna assembly 100b based on the signal strength of the first antenna assembly 100a or the second antenna assembly 100b, or based on the posture of the electronic device 1000.

[0114] Specifically, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the sensors (attitude sensors, gyroscopes, etc.) in the electronic device 1000 detect that the attitude of the electronic device 1000 is that the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323 are away from the ground and facing the satellite equipment in the air. The sensors in the electronic device 1000 feed back to the controller, and the controller controls the conduction path of the switch unit 40 according to the feedback signal, and then controls the first antenna component 100a of the radiator 10 provided on the first side edge 323 to operate in the satellite communication frequency band, thereby realizing that the radiation pattern of the electronic device 1000 is facing the satellite equipment in the air.

[0115] When the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the sensors (attitude sensor, gyroscope, etc.) in the electronic device 1000 detect that the attitude of the electronic device 1000 is that the top edge 321 and the second side edge 324 are away from the ground and facing the satellite equipment in the air. The sensors in the electronic device 1000 feed back to the controller, and the controller controls the conduction path of the switch unit 40 according to the feedback signal, and then controls the second antenna component 100b of the radiator 10 provided on the second side edge 324 to operate in the satellite communication frequency band, thereby realizing that the direction pattern of the electronic device 1000 is facing the satellite equipment in the air.

[0116] The controller of the electronic device 1000 compares the signal strength currently received by the antenna component 100 with a preset strength threshold. When the signal strength received by the antenna component 100 is less than the preset strength threshold, the controller of the electronic device 1000 controls the switch unit 40 to switch the first antenna component 100a or the second antenna component 100b to operate, so as to ensure that the electronic device 1000 establishes a good connection with the satellite device.

[0117] In other words, when the electronic device 1000 is in a left-hand call scenario, the switch unit 40 switches to the radiator 10 on the left-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000. The radiator 10 on the left-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time has better satellite communication performance.

[0118] When the electronic device 1000 is in a right-hand-head call scenario, the switch unit 40 switches to the radiator 10 on the right-hand side frame of the back view of the electronic device 1000. The radiator 10 on the right-hand side frame is located on the side facing the satellite device in the sky, and at this time has better satellite communication performance.

[0119] The above configuration enables the electronic device 1000 to achieve good communication when the electronic device 1000 is held in either hand for satellite communication.

[0120] Alternatively, see Figure 13 , at least one of the grounding points C includes a first grounding point C1 and a second grounding point C2.

[0121] See also Figure 13 The first free end A and the first grounding point C1 form an L-shape. The second free end D and the second grounding point C2 form an L-shape. The first grounding point C1 and the second grounding point C2 are close to each other. The first grounding point C1 and the second grounding point C2 correspond to the points of maximum current. The maximum current corresponds to the maximum magnetic field, so this structure is a magnetic field matching structure.

[0122] See also Figure 13 and Figure 14 The distance between the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 is less than 1 / 10 of the wavelength of the first frequency band. Both the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 are strong current points in the first resonant mode, thereby forming magnetic field-magnetic field coupling between the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2. The first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 are electrically disconnected or electrically connected. In this case, the radiator 10 can be considered as a magnetic field-magnetic field combination formed by the IFA branch and the L branch, thereby forming the resonant current distribution of the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode.

[0123] See also Figure 15 The present application does not specifically limit the position of the radiator 10 on the first side 323. Optionally, the distance between the grounding point C and the central axis of the reference floor 500 parallel to the first floor edge 511 is less than 1 / 4 wavelength ( Figure 15L range), that is, the grounding point C of the radiator 10 is close to the middle position of the first side 323. By setting the grounding point C of the radiator 10 close to the middle position of the first side 323, the radiator 10 of the electronic device 1000 is as far away from the human head as possible in the head-to-hand call state, thereby reducing the impact of head loading on the efficiency of the antenna assembly 100 and reducing the SAR risk. Furthermore, by setting the grounding point C of the radiator 10 parallel to the central axis of the first floor edge 511 and before the top edge 321 relative to the reference floor 500, the radiator 10 is biased toward the upper half of the first side 323 to avoid the free end (such as the second free end D) of the electronic device 1000 close to the bottom edge 322 being held by the hand in the handheld state, thereby causing problems such as signal blocking.

[0124] Optional, see Figure 3 , there is electrical continuity between the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2. A high magnetic boundary forms an electric barrier between the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2. In this case, the first ground point C1 and the second ground point C2 can be combined into a single ground point C. Ground point C is located near the center of the radiator 10, and in this case, the radiator 10 functions as a T-antenna.

[0125] See also Figure 3 , taking the radiator 10 as a T antenna as an example, the feeding point B can be located between the first free end A and the grounding point C, or between the second free end D and the grounding point C. Please also refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the signal source 20 excites the radiator 10 to form a first resonance mode and a second resonance mode.

[0126] See also Figure 16 , Figure 16 The S-parameter curves of the first and second resonant modes formed by the signal source 20 of the present application excitation radiator 10 are shown. In this embodiment, the first and second frequency bands form a continuous frequency band, and the antenna assembly 100 forms a broadband antenna covering 1.85 GHz to 2.2 GHz, including the Tiantong satellite frequency band operating in the range of 1.98 GHz to 2.2 GHz.

[0127] Figure 16The working mode at the middle resonance point 1 is mainly the first resonance mode a, the working mode at the resonance point 2 is mainly the first resonance mode a, supplemented by the second resonance mode b, and the working mode at the resonance point 4 includes the first resonance mode a and the second resonance mode b. At the resonance point 4, by designing the frequency ratio between the resonance point 1 and the resonance point 3 to be between 1.01 and 1.1, the two modes near the location of the resonance point 4 form an orthogonal circular polarization mode c with a phase difference of nearly 90° and similar amplitude. The working mode at the resonance point 3 is mainly the second resonance mode b, supplemented by the first resonance mode a, and the working mode at the resonance point 5 is mainly the second resonance mode b. Among them, the resonance points 1 and 2 are linear polarization modes, and the resonance points 3 and 5 are linear polarization modes. The resonance point 4 can be the circular polarization mode c.

[0128] See also Figure 11 By setting the matching switch M11 and the matching branch M12 in the matching circuit M1 to switch the position of the resonance point, the switching from the linear polarization mode to the circular polarization mode and the switching of the directional pattern can be realized, thereby realizing the directional pattern reconstruction.

[0129] See also Figure 17 , Figure 17 The radiation efficiency and total efficiency curves for the first and second resonant modes of the radiator 10, excited by the signal source 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application, are shown. Under full-device conditions (0.8mm clearance, 3.6mm antenna thickness), with a return loss of -4dB as the reference line, the antenna assembly 100 achieves a relative efficiency bandwidth of 15%, where the relative efficiency is (maximum frequency - minimum frequency) / the center frequency between the maximum and minimum frequencies.

[0130] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 The first resonant mode excites a half-wavelength current (transverse current) on the reference floor 500 in the direction of the first floor edge 511, generating a current in the opposite direction to ground on the radiator 10. The current is weakest at the first free end A and the second free end D, and strongest at the ground point C. The reference floor 500 resembles a transverse half-wavelength dipole antenna. The current in the second resonant mode is primarily concentrated on the radiator 10, generating a co-directional half-wavelength current on the radiator 10, forming a longitudinal half-wavelength dipole antenna. In other words, the reference floor 500 and the radiator 10 form an orthogonal dipole antenna pair.

[0131] See also Figure 18 , Figure 18This is the left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern of the first resonant mode formed by the signal source 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application exciting the radiator 10. When the electronic device 1000 operates in the Tiantong satellite frequency band, it primarily communicates via left-handed circularly polarized waves. In the first resonant mode, the reference floor 500 makes the primary radiation contribution. The reference floor 500 is approximately a horizontal half-wavelength dipole antenna, so the two main lobes of the antenna assembly 100 are oriented toward the top edge 321 and the bottom edge 322.

[0132] See also Figure 19 , Figure 19 This is the left-handed circularly polarized radiation pattern of the second resonant mode formed by the signal source 20 provided in the embodiment of the present application exciting the radiator 10. In the second resonant mode, the radiator 10 forms a longitudinal half-wavelength dipole antenna. A reverse current parallel to that on the radiator 10 is generated on the reference floor 500. The reference floor 500 acts as a reflector, so the main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 is oriented toward the first side 323.

[0133] Optionally, the main lobe of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode covers an angle θ greater than 180° in a direction parallel to the second floor edge 512 (first side 323). Specifically, in the second resonant mode, the reference floor 500 generates a second floor current parallel to the radiator 10 along the second floor edge 512. Thus, the reference floor 500 reflects the radiation direction of the radiator 10. Because the thickness of the reference floor 500 is much smaller than its length, and the width of the reference floor 500 is smaller than its length, the angle θ covered by the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode in the direction parallel to the second floor edge 512 is greater than or equal to 180°. For example, specific angles include, but are not limited to, 200°, 210°, 220°, 230°, 240°, 250°, 260°, 270°, 300°, and the like.

[0134] The radiation direction of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonant mode is primarily toward the first side 323, with a portion of radiation directed toward the first side 323, which is biased toward the back cover 400, and a portion of radiation directed toward the first side 323, which is biased toward the display screen 200. Thus, when the antenna assembly 100 is operating in the second resonant mode for satellite communication, the operator can rotate within a certain range without interrupting the satellite call, thereby enabling the operator to move and rotate within a certain range while maintaining a good satellite signal connection.

[0135] See also Figure 20 , Figure 20This is the left-hand circularly polarized 3D pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the head-hand scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application. The left-hand circularly polarized pattern of the electronic device 1000 in the head-hand scenario is biased toward the top edge 321 and has a wide coverage area, allowing for signal connection with the satellite device at the top. This allows for maintaining a good signal connection even when the operator changes the orientation significantly.

[0136] See also Figure 21 , Figure 21 It is the left-hand circular polarization 2D pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application working in the Tiantong transmission frequency band. Figure 22 , Figure 22 It is a left-handed circularly polarized 2D radiation pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application operating in the Tiantong receiving frequency band.

[0137] Where Theta is the elevation angle, with Theta = 0 to 90° representing the upper hemisphere. Phi represents the horizontal plane. It can be seen that theta = 0 to 30°, Phi = 0 to 90°, and Phi = 210° to 360° all have good gain. This indicates that the antenna assembly 100 of electronic device 1000 operates at a high percentage in the upper hemisphere of the Tiantong satellite frequency band. In a head-to-hand call scenario, the operator can rotate the electronic device 1000 240° without losing the satellite call.

[0138] Optionally, when the operating frequency band of the antenna assembly 100 is a satellite frequency band, the operator performs satellite communication by holding the electronic device 1000. The directional pattern of the electronic device 1000 when held close to the head includes a direction toward the top edge 321 and a direction toward the first side edge 323.

[0139] Specifically, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the top edge 321 and the first side edge 323 of the electronic device 1000 are away from the ground and facing the satellite equipment in the air. Therefore, the antenna assembly 100 provided in the embodiment of the present application simultaneously forms a first resonance mode and a second resonance mode, and forms a radiation pattern toward the top edge 321 in the first resonance mode, and forms a radiation pattern toward the first side edge 323 in the second resonance mode. This radiation pattern is toward the satellite equipment in the air. Therefore, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the antenna assembly 100 radiates energy through the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode to communicate well with the satellite in the air.

[0140] Optionally, the coverage angle range of the upper hemisphere in the directional diagram of the electronic device 1000 in the handheld and close to the head scenario is greater than or equal to 240°. In this way, when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the operator's orientation can be adjusted within a range of at least 240°, thereby achieving that when the operator holds the electronic device 1000 for satellite communication, the operator will not be limited to the current orientation and current position, and can move or change orientation and maintain a good satellite connection.

[0141] The SAR of the top antenna placed near the head seriously exceeds the standard (the typical satellite input power is 36dBm), requiring significant power reduction, resulting in a serious performance degradation. At a 20% duty cycle, the top antenna head SAR is 8.4W / Kg (10g). These two major problems make the top antenna unsuitable for use as a satellite communication antenna for handheld communication.

[0142] See also Figure 23 , Figure 23 This is a hotspot distribution diagram of SAR of the electronic device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application in a head-hand scenario. Figure 23 The middle N region represents the SRA hotspot when the antenna assembly 100 of electronic device 1000 is operating. At a 20% duty cycle, the 10g-SAR is less than 1.8W / Kg, compared to the SAR of an electronic device 1000 equipped with a top-mounted Tiantong satellite antenna. In the electronic device 1000 provided in this embodiment of the present application, by placing the radiator 10 on the first side 323, the SAR value is reduced by more than four times compared to the SAR of an electronic device equipped with a top-mounted Tiantong satellite antenna.

[0143] The electronic device 1000 provided in the embodiment of the present application is designed such that the radiator 10 is arranged on the first side 323, and the radiator 10 is spaced apart along the second floor edge 512. The radiator 10 includes a first free end A, a feeding point B, at least one grounding point C and a second free end D, and the grounding point C is electrically connected to the reference floor 500; the signal source 20 is electrically connected to the feeding point B, and the signal source 20 is used to excite the radiator 10 and the reference floor 500 to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting the first frequency band and a second resonant mode supporting the second frequency band; the first resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band in a direction parallel to the first floor edge 511 on the reference floor 500, and the antenna component 1 00 The directional pattern in the first resonance mode is at least directed to the top edge 321; the second resonance mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator 10, and the directional pattern of the antenna assembly 100 in the second resonance mode is at least directed to the first side edge 323. The satellite antenna in the electronic device 1000 realizes human-head-hand satellite calls, and a call angle of more than 240° can be achieved in the human-head-hand satellite call scenario, that is, the operator's orientation when making a satellite call can be changed within a range of more than 240°. The satellite antenna in the electronic device 1000 has a wide beam in the upper hemisphere, and the first resonance mode and the second resonance mode can realize a broadband antenna, such as a receiving band and a transmitting band covering the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

[0144] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. An electronic device, characterized in that: The electronic device includes a frame, a reference floor, and an antenna assembly. The frame is arranged around the reference floor and includes a top edge, a first side edge, a bottom edge, and a second side edge that are connected. The antenna assembly includes: a radiator, the radiator being disposed on the first side, the radiator comprising a first free end, a feeding point, at least one grounding point, and a second free end, the grounding point being electrically connected to the reference ground; and a signal source electrically connected to the feed point, the signal source being used to excite the radiator and the reference floor to jointly form a first resonant mode supporting a first frequency band; The first resonant mode includes a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band formed on the reference floor in a direction parallel to the top edge, and the main lobe of the antenna assembly in the first resonant mode is at least directed to the top edge side.

2. The electronic device according to claim 1, wherein The signal source is also used to excite the radiator to form a second resonant mode supporting a second frequency band, and the second resonant mode includes forming a 1 / 2 wavelength mode supporting the second frequency band on the radiator, and the main lobe of the antenna component in the second resonant mode is at least directed to the first side.

3. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first resonant mode forms a sub-resonant mode supporting the first frequency band on the radiator, and the sub-resonant mode forms a 1 / 4 wavelength mode supporting the first frequency band between the first free end and the grounding point. The resonant current path of the sub-resonant mode includes flowing from the first free end and from the second free end to the grounding point, and the resonant current supporting the 1 / 2 wavelength mode of the first frequency band on the reference floor includes flowing from the grounding point to the second side edge in a direction parallel to the top edge.

4. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band, and the continuous frequency band covers the Tiantong satellite frequency band.

5. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first frequency band and the second frequency band are spaced apart. The first frequency band is used to cover a transmitting frequency band of a Beidou satellite frequency band, and the second frequency band is used to cover a receiving frequency band in the Beidou satellite frequency band.

6. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The antenna assembly also includes a first tuning circuit and a second tuning circuit, one end of the first tuning circuit is electrically connected between the ground point and the first free end, and the other end of the first tuning circuit is grounded; one end of the second tuning circuit is electrically connected between the ground point and the second free end, and the other end of the second tuning circuit is grounded, the first tuning circuit is used to tune the size of the first frequency band, and the second tuning circuit is used to tune the size of the second frequency band.

7. The electronic device according to claim 6, wherein: The first tuning circuit and the second tuning circuit are both configured so that when the radiator is disconnected, the first frequency band and the second frequency band form a continuous frequency band and cover the Tiantong satellite frequency band; When the first tuning circuit is configured to be electrically connected to the grounded capacitor of the radiator, the first frequency band supports a transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band; When the second tuning circuit is configured to be electrically connected to the ground inductor of the radiator, the second frequency band supports the transmission frequency band of the Beidou satellite band.

8. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The first resonance mode and the second resonance mode are orthogonal modes.

9. The electronic device according to claim 8, wherein When the ratio between the center frequency of the second frequency band and the center frequency of the first frequency band is 1.01 to 1.1, a circular polarization mode is formed in the first resonant mode and the second resonant mode at the target frequency band, the center frequency of the target frequency band is located between the center frequency of the first frequency band and the center frequency of the second frequency band, and the target frequency band belongs to a continuous frequency band formed by the first frequency band and the second frequency band.

10. The electronic device according to claim 9, wherein The antenna assembly includes a matching circuit, which is electrically connected between the feeding point and the signal source. The matching circuit includes a matching switch and multiple matching branches. One end of the matching switch is electrically connected to the feeding point, one end of the matching branch is electrically connected to the other end of the matching switch, and the other end of the matching branch is electrically connected to the reference ground and the signal source. The matching circuit is used to tune the working mode of the antenna assembly to the first resonant mode, the second resonant mode, or the circular polarization mode.

11. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The main lobe of the antenna assembly in the second resonant mode covers an angle greater than 180° in a direction parallel to the first side.

12. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The main lobe direction of the electronic device in a scene where the electronic device is held in hand and close to the head includes a direction pointing to the top edge and a direction pointing to the first side edge.

13. The electronic device according to claim 2, wherein: The coverage angle range of the upper hemisphere in the directional diagram of the electronic device in a scene where the electronic device is held in hand and close to the head is greater than or equal to 240°.

14. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: There are two antenna assemblies, the two antenna assemblies are a first antenna assembly and a second antenna assembly, and the radiator of the first antenna assembly and the radiator of the second antenna assembly are respectively arranged on the first side and the second side; The electronic device also includes a switching unit, which electrically connects the first antenna assembly and the second antenna assembly. The switching unit is used to control the operation of the first antenna assembly or the second antenna assembly based on the signal strength of the first antenna assembly or the second antenna assembly, or based on the posture of the electronic device.

15. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: At least one of the grounding points includes a grounding point and a second grounding point, the distance between the grounding point and the second grounding point is less than 1 / 10 wavelength of the first frequency band, the grounding point and the second grounding point are both current strong points in the first resonant mode, and the grounding point and the second grounding point are electrically disconnected or electrically conductive.

16. The electronic device according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: A distance between the grounding point and a central axis of the reference floor parallel to the top edge is less than 1 / 4 wavelength.

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