Preparation and application of protective anticorrosive material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components

Abstract

The invention discloses preparation and application of a protective anticorrosive material for components of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment. The material is prepared by mixing and stirring a nano composite epoxy resin matrix, graphene nanosheets, nano zinc powder and other components. During application, the coating is coated after the equipment surface is pretreated, and is cured in a suitable environment. Compared with the prior art, the coating has the advantages that under the synergistic effect of all the components, the coating is free of corrosion after a salt spray test lasts for more than 5000 hours, the anti-aging time lasts for more than 1000 hours due to the nanoparticle and cured network structure, under the synergistic effect of the graphene nanosheets, the nano white carbon black and other components, the abrasion of 100 parts of the protective anti-corrosion material is 2% or below, and the environment-friendly curing agent and the auxiliaries are adopted. The material is simple and convenient in preparation and application process, is suitable for parts such as wind power towers, blades and photovoltaic brackets, and can prolong the service life of equipment, reduce the maintenance cost and promote the development of the clean energy industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of material protection and anti-corrosion, and in particular to the preparation and application of a surface protection and anti-corrosion material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components, which is suitable for long-term protection and anti-corrosion of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing global demand for clean energy, wind power and photovoltaic power generation, as important forms of renewable energy, have experienced rapid development. However, wind turbine and photovoltaic equipment components, such as offshore wind turbine towers, offshore wind turbine blades, offshore wind turbine main engine nacelles, offshore wind turbine foundation steel pipe piles, offshore photovoltaic brackets, offshore photovoltaic anchoring system anchor chains, and desert photovoltaic brackets, are exposed to complex and harsh environments for a long time and face serious corrosion problems. In other harsh environments, such as photovoltaic power generation, where photovoltaic brackets are often installed outdoors and exposed to sunlight, rain, wind, sand, and atmospheric pollutants, wind turbine and photovoltaic equipment components also face serious corrosion problems due to long-term exposure to complex and harsh environments.

[0003] In the field of offshore wind power, offshore wind power equipment has long been subjected to multiple corrosion factors such as seawater salt spray, strong winds, high humidity, and ultraviolet radiation. The chloride ions in seawater salt spray are extremely corrosive and will destroy the passivation film on the metal surface, accelerating the corrosion of the metal; strong winds will cause the tower surface to wear and tear, further aggravating the corrosion process; ultraviolet radiation will cause the protective coating to age and crack, reducing the protective performance [1] ([1] Xu Shihong. Current status and prospects of research on corrosion protection of offshore wind power equipment [J]. Power System Equipment, 2024 (4): 67-69.). Epoxy coatings are prone to cracking in areas of high mechanical stress, such as tiny cracks that appear at the root of blades after three years of use; the installation and maintenance costs of impressed current cathodic protection (ICCP) technology systems are high; the anodes of sacrificial anode cathodic protection methods are consumed quickly and need to be replaced regularly, with a maintenance cycle of 3 to 5 years; the costs of zinc-rich coatings and polyurea coatings are both high, which limits their large-scale application [2] ([2] Zhao Qinghai, Wang Guopeng, Zhang Xiao. Research on the performance of corrosion-resistant materials for offshore wind power equipment [J]. China Machinery, 2024, (22): 44-47.). Traditional protective materials are difficult to meet the long-term and efficient protection needs of offshore wind power equipment. They often show serious corrosion after a few years of use and require frequent maintenance and repair, which not only increases maintenance costs but also affects the normal operation of offshore wind power.

[0004] In the field of photovoltaic power generation, photovoltaic equipment is mostly installed outdoors and exposed to environmental factors such as sunlight, rain, wind and sand, and atmospheric pollutants for a long time. The ultraviolet rays in the sun will degrade the protective coating, resulting in a decrease in the physical and chemical properties of the coating; pollutants in rain and the atmosphere will react chemically with the metal surface, causing corrosion; and the erosion of wind and sand will cause the surface coating of the equipment to wear and lose its protective function. The corrosion of offshore photovoltaic equipment mainly comes from chemical and electrochemical corrosion and mechanical damage. Among them, chloride ions in seawater are highly corrosive and cause electrochemical corrosion; the salt brought by the sea breeze further aggravates surface corrosion; mechanical factors such as wave impact and storms can also cause deformation or breakage of equipment components, thereby reducing power generation efficiency and equipment life [3] ([3] Liu Xiao, Jia Zhijun. Corrosion damage and protective measures of offshore photovoltaics [J]. Environmental Technology, 2024, 42(03): 38-41.). 81.7% zinc powder and 0.8% graphene nanomaterials are applied to the surface of photovoltaic equipment. Although they have excellent anti-corrosion performance and no obvious rust occurs after 1500 hours in the neutral salt spray test, their salt spray resistance is limited and they cannot adapt to the salt spray environment for a long time [4] ([4] Ye Zhenchen, Wang Yan, Chen Jinghan, et al. Research on surface anti-corrosion technology of hot-dip galvanized materials for water photovoltaic brackets [J]. Technology and Market, 2025, 32(01): 73-77.). Existing photovoltaic equipment anti-corrosion materials have deficiencies in durability and protective performance, and cannot effectively guarantee the long-term stable operation of photovoltaic brackets, thereby affecting the power generation efficiency and service life of photovoltaic power generation systems.

[0005] Therefore, the development of a protective anti-corrosion material with excellent anti-corrosion, weather resistance and wear resistance is of great significance for improving the service life of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components such as offshore wind turbine towers, offshore wind turbine blades, offshore wind turbine main engine rooms, offshore wind turbine pile foundation steel pipe piles and offshore photovoltaic brackets, offshore photovoltaic anchoring system anchor chains, desert photovoltaic brackets, reducing maintenance costs and promoting the sustainable development of the clean energy industry. Summary of the Invention Purpose of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a protective anti-corrosion material with excellent anti-corrosion performance, weather resistance and wear resistance, which is used for the protection and anti-corrosion protection of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components such as offshore wind power towers, offshore wind power blades, offshore wind power main engine rooms, offshore wind power pile foundation steel pipe piles and offshore photovoltaic brackets, offshore photovoltaic anchoring system anchor chains, desert photovoltaic brackets, etc., to solve the problems of poor anti-corrosion performance, insufficient weather resistance, and short service life of existing protective anti-corrosion materials in the fields of wind power and photovoltaic power generation; at the same time, a preparation and application method of the protective anti-corrosion material is provided to ensure that the performance of the protective anti-corrosion material is stable and easy to construct. Technical Solution

[0007] 1. A surface protective anti-corrosion material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components, comprising the following components: (1) Nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix: 70-80 parts, which is prepared by mixing 50-60 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2-10 parts of nano titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), 2-10 parts of nano white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm), 4-6 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent, and 2-4 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent. The function of 692 epoxy resin active diluent is to reduce the viscosity of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, increase its fluidity, and facilitate the filling of subsequent substances without affecting its basic performance; the silane coupling agent modifies E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, which can significantly enhance the interfacial bonding force between the resin and the filler; the nano-titanium dioxide particle size is (7-9) nm and the nano-silica particle size is (10-12) nm. The two work together and have good dispersibility and barrier properties, which can effectively block the invasion of corrosive media, improve the density and weather resistance of the coating, and provide solid mechanical support and high-quality film-forming foundation for the coating, thereby ensuring that the coating has excellent adhesion and flexibility. (2) Functional fillers: 1 to 1.6 parts of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1 to 3 μm, thickness: 1 to 5 nm), which have excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. They can not only reduce the risk of electrochemical corrosion, but also form a physical barrier in the coating, effectively preventing the diffusion of corrosive media, while greatly improving the strength and wear resistance of the coating; 5 to 8 parts of nano zinc powder (particle size 18 to 20 nm), which provides reliable electrochemical protection for the substrate through the sacrificial anode protection mechanism; 5 to 7 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate, as an environmentally friendly white anti-rust pigment, can form a passivation film on the metal surface, effectively inhibiting metal corrosion. (3) Environmentally friendly curing agent: 7-10 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, which has low toxicity and environmentally friendly properties. It can form a tough cured network structure after reacting with the resin matrix. It can fully react with the nano-composite epoxy resin matrix to build a stable three-dimensional cross-linking system, ensuring the hardness, wear resistance and chemical resistance of the coating, and comprehensively improving the comprehensive performance of the coating. (4) Additives: 0.8 to 1.2 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent can effectively improve the leveling of the coating and make the coating surface smooth and flat; 0.4 to 1 part of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoamer can eliminate bubbles generated during the preparation and construction of the coating and improve the quality of the coating; 0.8 to 1.2 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant can help the filler to be evenly dispersed in the resin matrix to ensure the uniform and stable performance of the protective material.

[0008] 2. A method for preparing surface protective anti-corrosion materials for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Add 50-60 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2-10 parts of nano titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 2-10 parts of nano white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm) into a reactor, add 4-6 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 2-4 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent, and stir at a speed of 300-500 r / min for 30-60 minutes to promote the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the epoxy resin to obtain 70-80 parts of a nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. Step 2: Add 1 to 1.6 parts of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1 to 3 μm, thickness: 1 to 5 nm), 5 to 8 parts of nano zinc powder (particle size 18 to 20 nm), and 5 to 7 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate to the above-mentioned nano-composite epoxy resin matrix, and disperse them at a speed of 800 to 1200 r / min for 20 to 40 minutes to ensure that the functional filler is fully dispersed and evenly mixed with the nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. Step 3: Add 7 to 10 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 0.8 to 1.2 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.4 to 1 part of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoamer and 0.8 to 1.2 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylate sodium salt dispersant, continue stirring for 10 to 30 minutes to fully mix the components, and finally obtain a surface protection and anti-corrosion material.

[0009] 3. A method for applying a surface protective anti-corrosion material to components of wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Pre-treat the surface of the wind turbine or photovoltaic equipment, performing mechanical rust removal and sandblasting to achieve a surface roughness of Ra25-50μm. Good surface pre-treatment effectively removes impurities such as oil and rust from the substrate, increases surface roughness, and thus improves adhesion between the protective material and the substrate. Step 2: Apply the surface protection and anti-corrosion material to the pretreated substrate surface by spraying or brushing, with a coating thickness of 200-300 μm. This appropriate coating thickness ensures adequate protection while avoiding problems such as slow drying and increased costs caused by excessively thick coatings. Step 3: Curing the substrate for 7 to 14 days at a temperature of 10 to 40° C. and a relative humidity of 40% to 60% to ensure that the protective material is fully cured to form a stable and reliable protective coating.

[0010] 4. A method for applying a surface protective and anti-corrosion material to components of wind turbines and photovoltaic equipment, characterized in that when spraying, the spray pressure is controlled to 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the distance between the spray gun and the substrate surface is maintained at 20-30 cm. These spraying parameters ensure that the surface protective and anti-corrosion material for components of wind turbines and photovoltaic equipment is evenly sprayed onto the substrate surface, forming a coating of uniform thickness and good quality. Beneficial effects

[0011] Compared with the epoxy zinc-rich coating with polyaniline / graphene oxide (PAGO), when the PAGO-3 content is 0.2% and the zinc powder content is 80%, the salt spray resistance and mechanical properties of the coating are the best, and the salt spray resistance time can reach 1464h[5]([5] Lv Peibin, Liu Wenjie, Cai Yuande, Zhang Yiru, Chen Zhonghua. Preparation and anti-corrosion performance of polyaniline / graphene oxide waterborne epoxy zinc-rich coating[J]. Coatings Industry, 2022, 52(8):34-42); Compared with the combination of waterborne epoxy zinc-rich primer, epoxy intermediate paint and waterborne polyurethane topcoat, after 3600 hours of salt spray test, the single corrosion expansion was 5.0mm, and there was no blistering, rusting, cracking, peeling and other phenomena in the unmarked area [6] ([6] Cao Qian, Cheng Xudong, Liu Wei, Liu Ruiqing, Xu Kai, Yu Fei. Preparation and performance research of new waterborne epoxy zinc-rich coating [J]. Materials Protection, 2021, 54 (6): 30-33), but neither of them can adapt to the erosion of marine salt spray for a long time. For epoxy resin coating, polyurethane coating, waterborne paint, etc., the salt spray resistance area loss is large, the wear resistance test mass loss exceeds 20mg, and it is not resistant to ultraviolet rays [7] ([7] Zhou Shiyou. Research on the application of anti-corrosion coating technology for wind power tower [J]. Machinery Industry Standardization and Quality, 2024 (12): 56-59.), so the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0012] 1. Excellent Corrosion Resistance: Through the synergistic effect of various components, including the nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix and functional fillers, the protective material coating exhibits excellent barrier and electrochemical protection properties. The physical barrier formed by graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3μm, thickness: 1-5nm) and the sacrificial anodic protection of nano-zinc powder (particle size 18-20nm) effectively prevent contact between the corrosive medium and the substrate. The passivation film formed by aluminum tripolyphosphate further inhibits metal corrosion, enabling the protective material to achieve rust-free performance for over 5,000 hours in salt spray testing, far exceeding traditional protective materials.

[0013] 2. Good weather resistance: Nano titanium dioxide and nano white carbon black can effectively absorb and scatter ultraviolet rays, preventing ultraviolet rays from damaging the coating; the cured network structure formed by the nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and the polyetheramine curing agent has good aging resistance, with an aging resistance time of over 1000 hours, enabling the protective material to maintain stable performance in harsh environments such as long-term sunlight exposure, wind and rain erosion, and extend the service life of wind power equipment and photovoltaic brackets.

[0014] 3. Excellent wear resistance: Graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3μm, thickness: 1-5nm), with their high strength and high modulus properties, are evenly dispersed in the coating to form a reinforced network structure, just like building a solid skeleton inside the coating. When the material encounters bumps and collisions during transportation and installation, it can effectively disperse stress and prevent the coating from being damaged due to local stress. Nano-silica can fill the tiny pores inside the coating, making the coating surface denser and smoother, and reducing the degree of wear on the coating surface caused by wind, sand, seawater erosion, etc. The two work synergistically with other components to control the wear mass of the material to below 0.05g, significantly enhancing the overall mechanical properties of the coating, greatly improving the ability of the protective material to resist physical damage, effectively reducing the problem of protective failure caused by wear, and reducing maintenance frequency.

[0015] 4. Environmental protection and safety: The use of environmentally friendly curing agents and additives reduces the use of harmful substances, reduces the harm to the environment and human health, and meets the development requirements of green environmental protection. Specific implementation instructions

[0016] 1. Salt spray resistance test: According to GB / T 2423.17-2024, test panels coated with 100 parts by weight of protective anti-corrosion material are subjected to a neutral salt spray test in a salt spray test chamber (a neutral analytical pure sodium chloride solution with a concentration of 45-55g / L is atomized). The temperature is 33-37°C and the solution pH is 6.5-7.2. The test panels are placed at an angle of 15-25° to the vertical direction with the test surface facing up. A brief visual inspection is carried out every 48 hours. The salt spray resistance time is recorded when the first signs appear.

[0017] 2. Adhesion test: According to GB / T 1720-2020, a test panel coated with 100 parts by weight of protective anti-corrosion material is fixed upward on an electric paint film circle tester. The tip of the rotating needle is in contact with the paint film (if the scratch does not reveal the substrate, weights should be added from small to large to reveal the substrate). The speed is set to 80-100 r / min. When the circular scratch reaches 7-8 cm, the test is stopped, the substrate is removed, and paint chips on the scratch are removed with a soft brush. The upper side of the scratch is observed under natural light or artificial light. If necessary, a 4x magnifying glass can be used for observation. The adhesion level (1-7) is recorded.

[0018] 3. Weathering resistance test: According to GB / T 1865-2009 standard, the test plate coated with 100 parts of protective anti-corrosion material is placed on the test plate rack, and the irradiance at 340nm is 0.51~1.5W / m 2 , the blackboard temperature is 61-65℃, the temperature inside the test chamber is 35-40℃, the sample is operated discontinuously (the sample rack is turned 180°) with a wetting time of 18 minutes, a drying time of 102 minutes, and a relative humidity of 40-60% during the drying period. The aging time is recorded when the initial signs appear.

[0019] 4. Abrasion resistance test: According to GB / T 1768-2006, a test panel coated with 100 parts by weight of protective anti-corrosion material was weighed and adjusted, and its mass was recorded. The panel was then centered and securely mounted on a turntable at a speed of 58-62 r / min. A rubber grinding wheel (model CS-10 / CS-10F / CS-17) was placed in place, the counter was set to 0, a vacuum cleaner was turned on, and the turntable was started and operated for 50 revolutions. Any loose grinding debris remaining on the test panel was then removed with lint-free paper. The test panel was weighed again and this mass was recorded to obtain the final loss mass.

[0020] 5. Flexibility test: According to GB / T 1731-2020, a test panel coated with 100 parts by weight of protective anti-corrosion material is placed with the paint film facing upwards. Use both hands to press the test panel tightly onto a shaft of the specified diameter of the paint film flexibility tester. Use your two thumbs to bend the test panel around the shaft at a steady speed within 2 to 3 seconds. After bending, the two thumbs should be symmetrical to the center line of the shaft. Under natural or artificial daylight, observe whether the paint film has reticulation, cracks, or peeling. If necessary, use a 4x magnifying glass for observation (reticulation, cracks, and peeling within 2 mm of the test panel edge are not included in the test results). The result is expressed as the minimum shaft diameter (mm) at which no reticulation, cracks, or peeling is observed in at least two tests.

[0021] 6. Hardness Test: Conducted in accordance with GB / T 6739-2022, at a temperature of 21-25°C and a relative humidity of 45-55%, first sharpen a 5-6mm unscratched cylindrical core from one end of a pencil using a special mechanical pencil sharpener. Then, grind the end of the pencil at a 90° angle on sandpaper (grit size 400) until the end is smooth and free of nicks. A test panel coated with 100 parts by weight of protective anti-corrosion material is then fixed horizontally. The pencil is placed in the instrument, with the tip of the pencil perpendicular to the paint film. The pencil is then moved at a constant speed away from the operator for a sufficient distance. After 30 seconds, observe with normal vision (a 6-10x magnifier may be used if necessary) and remove any debris with a soft cloth or cotton swab containing a solvent insensitive to the paint film. Determine whether plastic deformation or cohesive failure is present. If no defects are present, switch to a harder pencil and continue. If defects exceeding 3mm are present, switch to a softer pencil until the hardest pencil grade that does not cause defects is found. This is the pencil hardness of the paint film. Test twice in parallel: if the results differ by one level, take the harder value; if the results exceed one level, retest. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] Example 1: (1) Preparation of surface protection and anti-corrosion material for offshore wind turbine blades: 70 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, of which 60 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2 parts of nano-titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 2 parts of nano-white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm) were added to a reactor, 4 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 2 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added, and the mixture was stirred at a speed of 300 r / min for 30 minutes to obtain 70 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. 1.6 parts of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 8 parts of nano-zinc powder (particle size 18-20 nm), and 7 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 800 r / min for 20 minutes. Add 10 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 1.2 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 1 part of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 1.2 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 10 minutes to obtain the offshore wind turbine blade surface protection and anti-corrosion material. (2) Application of surface protection and anti-corrosion materials for offshore wind turbine blades: The wind turbine blade substrate was mechanically derusted and sandblasted to a surface roughness of Ra 25 μm. The wind turbine blade surface protection and anti-corrosion materials were then sprayed onto the substrate surface at a pressure of 0.3 MPa, a distance of 20 cm between the spray gun and the substrate surface, and a coating thickness of 200 μm. The materials were cured for 7 days at a temperature of 10°C and a relative humidity of 40%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the salt spray resistance test of the offshore wind turbine blade surface protection and anti-corrosion material was carried out using a salt spray corrosion test chamber (model: LRHS-108-RY) in accordance with the GB / T 2423.17-2024 standard. The salt spray resistance time reached 5000 hours. During the entire test process, no obvious rust, blistering or peeling occurred on the coating surface. The adhesion test was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) in accordance with the GB / T 1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1, and the edge of the paint film in the grid area was completely smooth without any grid falling off. The wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear resistance tester (model: HT-5478) in accordance with the GB / T 1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.014g. The weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUN Xe-1) in accordance with the GB / T 1865-2009 standard, aging time 1000 hours; flexibility test adopts paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD 560), according to GB / T 1731-2020 standard, and can keep the coating integrity under the bending of 3mm diameter shaft rod; hardness test adopts full-automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S), according to GB / T 6739-2022 standard, and the hardness reaches H grade.

[0023] Example 2: (1) Preparation of surface protection and anti-corrosion material for offshore wind turbine towers: 72 parts of nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, of which 52 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 7 parts of nano titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 7 parts of nano white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm) were added to a reactor, 4 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 2 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added, and the mixture was stirred at a speed of 350 r / min for 40 min to obtain 72 parts of nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix. 1.4 parts of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 7 parts of nano zinc powder (particle size 18-20 nm), and 7 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 900 r / min for 25 min. Add 10 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 1 part of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.6 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 1 part of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 12 minutes to obtain the offshore wind turbine tower surface protection and anti-corrosion material. (2) Application of surface protection and anti-corrosion materials for offshore wind turbine towers: The offshore wind turbine tower substrate was mechanically derusted and sandblasted to a surface roughness of Ra 28 μm. The surface protection and anti-corrosion materials were then applied to the substrate surface using a spraying method at a pressure of 0.35 MPa, a distance of 22 cm between the spray gun and the substrate surface, and a coating thickness of 220 μm. The materials were cured for 8 days at a temperature of 15°C and a relative humidity of 45%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the salt spray resistance test of the offshore wind turbine tower surface protection and anti-corrosion material was carried out using a salt spray corrosion test chamber (model: LRHS-108-RY) in accordance with the GB / T 2423.17-2024 standard. The salt spray resistance time reached 5200 hours. During the entire test process, the coating performance was stable. The adhesion test was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) in accordance with the GB / T 1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1, and there was no coating separation in the grid area. The wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear tester (model: HT-5478) in accordance with the GB / T 1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.015g. The weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUN Xe-1), according to GB / T1865-2009 standard, aging time 1200 hours; flexibility test using a paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD 560), according to GB / T 1731-2020 standard, can keep the coating intact under the bending of a 2mm diameter mandrel; hardness test using a fully automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S), according to GB / T 6739-2022 standard, the hardness reaches H grade.

[0024] Example 3: (1) Preparation of protective anti-corrosion materials for the inner and outer surfaces of offshore wind power pile foundation steel pipe piles: 75 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, of which 52 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 8 parts of nano-titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 8 parts of nano-white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm) were added to a reactor, 4 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 3 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added, and the mixture was stirred at a speed of 400 r / min for 45 minutes to obtain 75 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. 1 part of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 6 parts of nano-zinc powder (particle size 18-20 nm), and 6 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 1000 r / min for 30 minutes. Add 9 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 1 part of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.8 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 1.2 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 15 minutes to obtain the internal and external surface protective anti-corrosion material for offshore wind power pile foundation steel pipe piles. (2) Application of anti-corrosion material on the inner and outer surfaces of offshore wind turbine pile foundation steel pipes: The inner and outer surfaces of the offshore wind turbine pile foundation steel pipes were mechanically derusted and sandblasted to achieve a surface roughness of Ra 35μm on the inner and outer surfaces of the offshore wind turbine pile foundation steel pipes. The anti-corrosion material was applied to the substrate surface by brushing to a thickness of 550μm. The material was cured for 10 days at a temperature of 25°C and a relative humidity of 50%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the salt spray resistance test of the internal and external surface protection and anti-corrosion material of the offshore wind power pile foundation steel pipe pile was carried out using a salt spray corrosion test chamber (model: LRHS-108-RY) in accordance with the GB / T2423.17-2024 standard. The salt spray resistance time reached 5500 hours. During the entire test process, the coating remained in good condition. The adhesion test was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) in accordance with the GB / T 1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1, and no coating fell off in the grid area. The wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear resistance tester (model: HT-5478) in accordance with the GB / T1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.017g. The weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUNXe-1) in accordance with the GB / T 1865-2009 standard, aging time 1500 hours, there is a small amount of powdering; the flexibility test is carried out using a paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD 560) according to GB / T1731-2020 standard, and the coating can be bent without damage when the 2mm diameter shaft rod is bent; the hardness test is carried out using a fully automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S) according to GB / T 6739-2022 standard, and the hardness reaches 2H level.

[0025] Example 4: (1) Preparation of protective and anti-corrosion materials for offshore wind turbine engine cabins: 77 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, of which 55 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 6 parts of nano-titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 6 parts of nano-white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm) were added to a reactor, and 6 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 4 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added. The mixture was stirred at a speed of 450 r / min for 50 min to obtain 77 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. 1.2 parts of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 6 parts of nano-zinc powder (particle size 18-20 nm), and 6 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 1100 r / min for 35 min. Add 7 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 1.1 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.6 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 1.1 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 18 minutes to obtain the offshore wind power main engine cabin protective anti-corrosion material. (2) Application of protective anti-corrosion materials for offshore wind turbine engine cabins: The internal and external surfaces of the offshore wind turbine engine cabins were mechanically derusted and sandblasted to achieve a surface roughness of Ra 38μm. The protective material was applied to the substrate surface by brushing to a thickness of 270μm. The material was cured for 12 days at a temperature of 30°C and a relative humidity of 55%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the salt spray resistance test of the surface protection and anti-corrosion material of the offshore wind turbine main engine cabin was carried out using a salt spray corrosion test chamber (model: LRHS-108-RY) in accordance with the GB / T 2423.17-2024 standard. The salt spray resistance time reached 5600 hours. During the entire test process, the coating maintained good adhesion. The adhesion test was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) in accordance with the GB / T1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1. After the grid was crossed, the paint film was intact and no grid fell off. The wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear resistance tester (model: HT-5478) in accordance with the GB / T 1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.018g. The weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUN The flexibility test was conducted using a paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD560) in accordance with GB / T 1731-2020, and the coating can maintain integrity under the bending of a 2mm diameter mandrel. The hardness test was conducted using a fully automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S) in accordance with GB / T 6739-2022, and the hardness reached 2H level.

[0026] Example 5: (1) Preparation of protective and anti-corrosion materials for pile-based fixed offshore photovoltaic supports: 78 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, of which 52 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 9 parts of nano-titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 9 parts of nano-silica (particle size: 10-12 nm) were added to a reactor, and 5 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 3 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added. The mixture was stirred at a speed of 480 r / min for 55 min to obtain a nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. 1.4 parts of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 6 parts of nano-zinc powder (particle size 18-20 nm), and 5 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 1150 r / min for 38 min. Add 7 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 1 part of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.6 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 1 part of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain the protective and anti-corrosion material for pile-fixed offshore photovoltaic support. (2) Application of protective and anti-corrosion materials for pile-based offshore photovoltaic supports: The substrate of the pile-based offshore photovoltaic supports was mechanically derusted and sandblasted to a surface roughness of Ra 42 μm. The protective material was sprayed onto the substrate surface at a pressure of 0.45 MPa, a distance of 28 cm between the spray gun and the substrate surface, and a coating thickness of 280 μm. The material was cured for 13 days at a temperature of 35°C and a relative humidity of 58%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the salt spray resistance test of the surface protection and anti-corrosion material of the pile-based fixed offshore photovoltaic bracket was carried out using a salt spray corrosion test chamber (model: LRHS-108-RY) in accordance with the GB / T2423.17-2024 standard. The salt spray resistance time reached 5800 hours. During the entire test process, the coating did not fail. The adhesion test was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) in accordance with the GB / T 1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1, and no grid fell off in the grid area. The wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear resistance tester (model: HT-5478) in accordance with the GB / T 1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.016g. The weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUN Xe-1) in accordance with the GB / T 1865-2009 standard, aging time 1400 hours, only slight chalking; flexibility test using a paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD 560), according to GB / T 1731-2020 standard, can keep the coating intact under the bending of a 1mm diameter shaft rod; hardness test using a fully automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S), according to GB / T 6739-2022 standard, the hardness reaches 3H level.

[0027] Example 6: (1) Preparation of anchor chain protection and anti-corrosion materials for offshore photovoltaic anchoring systems: 80 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, including 58 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 7 parts of nano-titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 7 parts of nano-white carbon black (particle size: 10-12 nm). The mixture was added to a reactor, and 6 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 2 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added. The mixture was stirred at a speed of 500 r / min for 60 min to obtain a nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. 1 part of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 5 parts of nano-zinc powder (particle size: 18-20 nm), and 5 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 1200 r / min for 40 min. Add 7 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 0.8 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.4 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 0.8 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 20 minutes to obtain the protective anti-corrosion material for the anchor chain of the offshore photovoltaic anchoring system. (2) Application of protective anti-corrosion materials for anchor chains of offshore photovoltaic anchoring systems: The anchor chain substrates of offshore photovoltaic anchoring systems were mechanically derusted and sandblasted to a surface roughness of Ra 50 μm. The protective material was sprayed onto the substrate surface at a pressure of 0.5 MPa, a distance of 26 cm between the spray gun and the substrate surface, and a coating thickness of 300 μm. The material was cured for 14 days at a temperature of 40°C and a relative humidity of 60%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the salt spray resistance test of the surface protection and anti-corrosion material of the anchor chain of the offshore photovoltaic anchoring system was carried out using a salt spray corrosion test chamber (model: LRHS-108-RY) in accordance with the GB / T2423.17-2024 standard. The salt spray resistance time reached 6000 hours. During the entire test, the coating showed no signs of damage; the adhesion test was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) in accordance with the GB / T 1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1, and the coating was intact after the grid test; the wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear tester (model: HT-5478) in accordance with the GB / T1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.013g; the weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUN Xe-1) in accordance with the GB / T 1865-2009 standard, with an aging time of 1600 hours; the flexibility test is carried out using a paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD 560) in accordance with GB / T 1731-2020 standard, and the coating can maintain integrity under the bending of a 1mm diameter shaft rod; the hardness test is carried out using a fully automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S) in accordance with GB / T 6739-2022 standard, and the hardness reaches 3H level.

[0028] Example 7: (1) Preparation of protective and anti-corrosion materials for desert photovoltaic supports: 80 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix were mixed by weight, including 50 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide (particle size: 7-9 nm), and 10 parts of nano-silica (particle size: 10-12 nm). The mixture was added to a reactor, and 6 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent and 4 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent were added. The mixture was stirred at a speed of 400 r / min for 40 minutes to obtain a nano-composite epoxy resin matrix. 1 part of graphene nanosheets (sheet diameter: 1-3 μm, thickness: 1-5 nm), 5 parts of nano-zinc powder (particle size: 18-20 nm), and 5 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate were added to the above nano-composite epoxy resin matrix and dispersed at a speed of 1100 r / min for 40 minutes. Add 7 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 0.8 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.4 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoaming agent, and 0.8 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylate sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 30 minutes to obtain the protective and anti-corrosion material for desert photovoltaic brackets. (2) Application of protective and anti-corrosion materials for desert photovoltaic supports: The substrate of the desert photovoltaic support was mechanically derusted and sandblasted to a surface roughness of Ra 45 μm. The protective material was sprayed onto the substrate surface at a pressure of 0.5 MPa, a distance of 25 cm between the spray gun and the substrate surface, and a coating thickness of 300 μm. The material was cured for 14 days at a temperature of 38°C and a relative humidity of 55%. (3) Application results: After performance testing, the adhesion test of the surface protective anti-corrosion material of the desert photovoltaic bracket was carried out using a fully automatic circle method adhesion tester (model: BGD 501) according to the GB / T 1720-2020 standard. The adhesion reached level 1, and there was basically no shedding in the grid area. The wear resistance test was carried out using a TABER wear resistance tester (model: HT-5478) according to the GB / T1768-2006 standard. The mass loss was 0.012g. The weather resistance test was carried out using a xenon lamp aging test chamber (model: Q-SUNXe-1) according to the GB / T1865-2009 standard. The aging time was 1800 hours. The flexibility test was carried out using a paint film flexibility tester (model: BGD 560) according to the GB / T 1731-2020 standard. The coating can keep intact under the bending of a 1mm diameter shaft rod. The hardness test was carried out using a fully automatic pencil hardness tester (model: BGD 507 / S), according to GB / T 6739-2022 standard, the hardness reaches 3H level.

[0029] This invention demonstrates significant technical advantages in the field of protective and anti-corrosion materials for wind power and photovoltaic equipment components. The material combines a nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix with functional fillers, effectively preventing the intrusion of corrosive media and providing long-lasting corrosion protection for over 5,000 hours. It also exhibits excellent weather resistance, maintaining stable performance in harsh environments such as UV radiation, wind and rain erosion, and extending the service life of equipment with an aging resistance of over 1,000 hours. It also exhibits excellent wear resistance, thanks to the synergistic effect of graphene nanosheets and nano-silica with other components, enabling the coating to withstand physical damage such as wind, sand, and seawater erosion, controlling wear to less than 5% per 100 parts of the protective and anti-corrosion material. The use of environmentally friendly curing agents and additives reduces the content of harmful substances, meeting the requirements of green development. Furthermore, the material's preparation and application processes are relatively simple, making it suitable for wind power and photovoltaic equipment components in various environments, such as offshore wind turbine towers, blades, pile foundations, offshore photovoltaic mounts, anchor chains, and desert photovoltaic mounts. This reduces maintenance costs and ensures long-term stable operation of equipment, thereby promoting the sustainable development of the clean energy industry.

[0030] Those skilled in the art may combine and associate the different embodiments and features of the different embodiments described in this specification. Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they are aware of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present invention. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, the present invention is intended to include such changes and modifications if they fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surface protection and anti-corrosion material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components, characterized by: The surface protection and anti-corrosion material is composed of the following components: 70-80 parts of nano-composite epoxy resin matrix, 1-1.6 parts of graphene nanosheets, 5-8 parts of nano-zinc powder, 5-7 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate, 7-10 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.4-1 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicon defoaming agent and 0.8-1.2 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylic acid sodium salt dispersant; wherein the nano-composite epoxy resin The matrix is ​​prepared by mixing and compounding 50-60 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2-10 parts of nano titanium dioxide, 2-10 parts of nano white carbon black, 4-6 parts of 692 epoxy resin active diluent, and 2-4 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent; the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide is 7-9 nm; the particle size of the nano white carbon black is 10-12 nm; the sheet diameter of the graphene nanosheet is 1-3 μm, and the thickness is 1-5 nm; and the particle size of the nano zinc powder is 18-20 nm.

2. A method for preparing the surface protective anti-corrosion material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Preparation of a nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix. Add 50-60 parts of E44 bisphenol A epoxy resin, 2-10 parts of nano-titanium dioxide, and 2-10 parts of nano-silica to a reaction kettle, add 4-6 parts of 692 epoxy resin reactive diluent and 2-4 parts of KH560 silane coupling agent, and stir at a speed of 300-500 r / min for 30-60 minutes to obtain 70-80 parts of a nanocomposite epoxy resin matrix. Step 2: Mixing functional fillers: Add 1-1.6 parts of graphene nanosheets, 5-8 parts of nano zinc powder, and 5-7 parts of aluminum tripolyphosphate to the above nano composite epoxy resin matrix and disperse at a speed of 800-1200 r / min for 20-40 minutes; Step 3: Add environmentally friendly curing agent and additives: Add 7-10 parts of D2000 polyetheramine curing agent, 0.8-1.2 parts of FCF-203 polyacrylic acid fluorinated ester leveling agent, 0.4-1 parts of DT-650 polyether modified silicone defoamer, and 0.8-1.2 parts of SN-5040 polycarboxylate sodium salt dispersant, and continue stirring for 10-30 minutes to obtain the surface protection and anti-corrosion material.

3. A method for applying the surface protective anti-corrosion material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Surface pretreatment of the substrate of the wind power or photovoltaic equipment components, including mechanical rust removal and sandblasting, so that the surface roughness of the substrate reaches Ra25-50μm; Step 2: applying the surface protection and anti-corrosion material to the pretreated substrate surface by spraying or brushing, with a coating thickness of 200 to 300 μm; Step 3: Curing the substrate for 7 to 14 days in an environment with a temperature of 10 to 40° C. and a relative humidity of 40% to 60% to fully cure the protective material and form a stable protective coating.

4. A method for applying the surface protective anti-corrosion material for wind power equipment and photovoltaic equipment components according to claim 3, characterized in that: During the spraying, the spraying pressure is 0.3-0.5 MPa, and the distance between the spray gun and the surface of the substrate is 20-30 cm.