Extension platform structure and construction method for ensuring passage by using existing tunnel lining

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and discloses an extension platform structure and a construction method.An arch steel frame moves along a tunnel through a translation driving mechanism, and the size of the arch steel frame is larger than the contour line of the existing tunnel and smaller than the contour line of an expanded excavation tunnel; a driving space under the protection of the existing tunnel lining is formed below the arched steel frame; the omni-directional tunneling drill bit is arranged on the arched steel frame in a sliding mode through the annular sliding mechanism, and 360-degree rotary tunneling is achieved; the primary support construction platform is arranged on one side of the arched steel frame, and a lining construction mechanism is integrated on the primary support construction platform; the shield tunneling machine is used for excavating at the arch springing of the contour line of the expanded excavation tunnel to form an advanced pilot tunnel; according to the tunnel expanding excavation device, the driving space under the protection of the existing tunnel lining is utilized, the traffic capacity in the construction period is effectively guaranteed, and the influence on traffic is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, and in particular to an expansion platform structure and a construction method for ensuring passage by utilizing an existing tunnel lining. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the increase in traffic volume, the traffic capacity of existing tunnels is gradually unable to meet the demand, and tunnel renovation and expansion projects have become a key measure to improve traffic efficiency.

[0003] Traditional tunnel expansion construction methods have numerous limitations: First, traffic interruptions are required during construction, resulting in high social costs; second, manual excavation is inefficient and carries high safety risks in complex geological conditions; and third, the poor connection between primary support and secondary lining construction can easily lead to structural quality risks. Existing machinery and equipment are mostly designed for new tunnel construction and lack refined functional modules for protecting existing structures, making them difficult to adapt to the specific needs of maintaining accessibility during expansion and renovation. While the currently widely used "staged excavation + temporary support" method can partially alleviate the pain points of existing tunnel renovation and expansion, it remains inherently labor-intensive and struggles to overcome the technical bottleneck of the "construction-accessibility" dilemma. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an expansion platform structure and construction method that utilizes the existing tunnel lining to ensure traffic, aiming to solve or improve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides the following solution: The present invention provides an expansion platform structure that utilizes the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage, comprising:

[0006] An arched steel frame is moved along the tunnel by a translation drive mechanism. The size of the arched steel frame is larger than the existing tunnel outline and smaller than the expanded tunnel outline. A driving space is formed below the arched steel frame under the protection of the existing tunnel lining.

[0007] An omnidirectional drilling drill bit is slidably mounted on the arched steel frame via an annular sliding mechanism to achieve 360° rotational drilling;

[0008] A primary support construction platform is provided on one side of the arched steel frame, and a lining construction mechanism is integrated into the primary support construction platform;

[0009] a shield machine for excavating a pilot tunnel at the arch foot of the expanded tunnel outline;

[0010] Transport mechanism used to remove debris generated during tunnel excavation.

[0011] Optionally, the translation drive mechanism includes a pair of all-terrain tracks, which are respectively arranged at the arch feet on both sides of the arch steel frame.

[0012] Optionally, the annular sliding mechanism includes a slide rail and a moving device, the slide rail is arranged on the arched steel frame, the moving device is slidably arranged on the slide rail, and the omnidirectional tunneling drill bit is arranged on the moving device.

[0013] Optionally, the slide rail is provided with a rear wedge-shaped guide rail and a rear pillow-shaped guide rail that cooperate with the moving device.

[0014] Optionally, the lining construction mechanism includes a steel bar assembly platform and a shotcrete construction platform.

[0015] Optionally, a telescopic scaffold is also provided on the primary support construction platform.

[0016] Optionally, the transportation mechanism includes a dump truck, a general excavator and a slag conveyor belt.

[0017] Optionally, the tunneling end of the shield machine is provided with a main cutter, auxiliary cutters on both sides and a core cutter.

[0018] Optionally, dust suction devices are provided at the arch feet on both sides of the arched steel frame.

[0019] The present invention also provides an expansion construction method for ensuring passage by utilizing the existing tunnel lining, comprising the following steps:

[0020] Determine the outline of the expanded tunnel, use a shield machine to excavate a pilot tunnel at the arch foot of the expanded tunnel outline, and provide temporary support;

[0021] Pre-assemble the platform structure outside the tunnel, expand the tunnel entrance to allow the arched steel frame to be erected on the existing lining, and reserve space for driving;

[0022] Start the all-round excavation drill bit to excavate in layers, remove the temporary support of the pilot tunnel near the heading face, cooperate with the transportation mechanism to remove the slag, and use the construction mechanism on the initial support construction platform to apply initial support. Repeat this process several times until the tunnel expansion is completed.

[0023] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0024] The present invention utilizes the driving space protected by the existing tunnel lining, effectively guarantees the traffic capacity during construction, and reduces the impact on traffic.

[0025] The present invention adopts an omnidirectional excavation drill bit that can slide along the arched steel frame, which significantly improves the excavation speed, adapts to different geological conditions, reduces over-excavation and under-excavation, and improves construction efficiency.

[0026] The present invention adopts the advance pilot tunnel design to improve the slag discharge efficiency and ensure the safety of the construction environment.

[0027] The present invention adopts a dust collecting device to collect dust and debris in real time, thereby reducing the impact of construction on the air quality in the tunnel and improving the construction environment.

[0028] The present invention helps to reduce construction period and material waste, thereby lowering construction costs, while reducing additional social costs caused by traffic interruption. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of this application, are intended to provide a further understanding of this application. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of this application are intended to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the accompanying drawings:

[0030] Figure 1 It is a front view of the platform structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 is a side view of the platform structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A top view of the platform structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cutter head structure of the shield machine of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5 It is a cross-sectional view of the slide rail and the moving device of the present invention.

[0035] In the figure: 1. Existing tunnel outline; 2. Expanded tunnel outline; 3. Driving space; 4. Arched steel frame; 5. All-terrain crawler; 6. Omnidirectional boring drill; 7. Pilot tunnel; 71. Temporary support retention section; 72. Temporary support removal section; 8. Transport mechanism; 81. Dump truck; 82. General excavator; 83. Muck conveyor belt; 9. Dust suction device; 10. Primary support construction platform; 11. Telescopic scaffolding; 12. Rebar assembly platform; 13. Spray anchor construction platform; 14. Shield machine; 15. Main cutter; 16. Auxiliary cutters on both sides; 17. Core cutter; 18. Moving device; 19. Slide rail; 191. Rear wedge guide rail; 192. Rear pillow guide rail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 The present invention provides an expansion platform structure that utilizes the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage, comprising:

[0039] An arched steel frame 4 is moved along the tunnel by a translation drive mechanism. The size of the arched steel frame 4 is larger than the existing tunnel outline 1 and smaller than the expanded tunnel outline 2. A driving space 3 is formed below the arched steel frame under the protection of the existing tunnel lining.

[0040] The omnidirectional drilling drill bit 6 is slidably mounted on the arched steel frame 4 via an annular sliding mechanism, achieving 360° rotational drilling;

[0041] The primary support construction platform 10 is provided on one side of the arched steel frame, and a lining construction mechanism is integrated on the primary support construction platform 10;

[0042] A shield machine 14 is used to excavate a pilot tunnel 7 at the arch foot of the expanded tunnel outline 2;

[0043] The transport mechanism 8 is used to remove the debris generated during the tunnel excavation process.

[0044] The arched steel frame 4 is the core supporting component of the entire platform structure. It is made of high-strength steel and has an arched design. Its size is larger than the existing tunnel outline 1 and smaller than the expanded tunnel outline 2 to adapt to the geometric shape of the tunnel interior and retain the driving space 3 under the protection of the existing tunnel lining. The top and both sides of the arched steel frame 4 are provided with interfaces for matching slide rails 19 for connecting mobile devices 18 and other construction equipment. The bottom of the arched steel frame 4 is connected to the all-terrain crawler 5 to ensure the stability and mobility of the platform on complex terrain.

[0045] The omnidirectional tunneling drill bit 6 is used for tunneling operations during tunnel expansion. The drill bit adopts a multi-angle design, which can achieve 360-degree rotation and multi-directional tunneling, adapting to different geological conditions. The drill bit surface is covered with wear-resistant material to ensure efficient operation in hard rock and soft soil conditions.

[0046] The primary support construction platform 10 provides a stable working surface for primary support construction. The platform adopts a modular design and can be flexibly adjusted in size and position according to construction needs. It is also equipped with a variety of construction tool interfaces to facilitate the rapid installation and disassembly of construction equipment.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the translation drive mechanism includes a pair of all-terrain tracks 5 , which are respectively arranged at the arch feet on both sides of the arch steel frame 4 .

[0048] The all-terrain track 5 is made of high-strength rubber and metal composite materials, with good grip and adaptability. The track system is equipped with an independent drive device that can automatically adjust the pressure and travel speed according to the tunnel terrain, ensuring that the platform always remains stable during construction.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present invention, the annular sliding mechanism includes a slide rail 19 and a moving device 18. The slide rail 19 is set on the arched steel frame 4. The moving device 18 is slidably set on the slide rail 19. The moving device 18 is provided with an omnidirectional drilling drill bit 6.

[0050] The moving device 18 is connected to the arched steel frame 4 via a slide rail 19 and adopts an electric drive system, which can realize circumferential movement along the slide rail 19, ensuring the accurate positioning and operation of the omnidirectional drilling drill 6 at different positions.

[0051] The slide rails 19 are installed on the top and both sides of the arched steel frame 4 to support and guide the movement of the mobile device 18. The slide rails 19 are made of high-strength steel and the surface is specially treated to reduce friction to ensure smooth operation of the mobile device.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present invention, the slide rail 19 is provided with a rear wedge-shaped guide rail 191 and a rear pillow-shaped guide rail 192 that cooperate with the moving device 18 .

[0053] The rear wedge-shaped guide rail 191 is designed in a wedge shape and is used to guide the movement of the moving device 18 on the arched steel frame 4. The wedge-shaped design can provide better stability and guidance.

[0054] The rear pillow-shaped guide rail 192 is designed in a pillow shape and is used to support the rear of the mobile device 18. The pillow-shaped design can disperse the weight of the device, reduce the wear of the slide rail, and extend the service life.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present invention, the lining construction mechanism includes a steel bar assembly platform 12 and a shotcrete construction platform 13 .

[0056] The rebar assembly platform 12 provides a stable work surface for cutting, bending, and assembling rebar. Equipped with a variety of fixtures and tool interfaces, the platform facilitates quick assembly of rebar.

[0057] The spray anchor construction platform 13 is used for sprayed concrete and anchor construction. The platform is equipped with a high-pressure spraying system and an anchor drilling device, which can achieve efficient and accurate spray anchor operations.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, a telescopic scaffold 11 is further provided on the primary support construction platform 10 .

[0059] The telescopic scaffolding 11 adopts a multi-section telescopic design and can be flexibly adjusted according to the construction height requirements. The scaffolding is equipped with safety protection devices to ensure the safety of construction workers when working at height.

[0060] In one embodiment of the present invention, the transport mechanism 8 includes a dump truck 81 , a general excavator 82 , and a muck conveyor belt 83 .

[0061] In one embodiment of the present invention, the tunneling end of the shield machine 14 is provided with a main cutter 15 , auxiliary cutters 16 on both sides, and a core cutter 17 .

[0062] In one embodiment of the present invention, dust collecting devices 9 are further provided at the arch feet on both sides of the arched steel frame 4 .

[0063] The dust collection device 9 is installed near the arch foot of the arch steel frame 4 and is used to collect dust and debris generated during the excavation process in real time. The device is equipped with a high-efficiency filtration system that can separate and store dust and debris to avoid affecting the air quality in the tunnel during construction.

[0064] The present invention also provides an expansion construction method for ensuring passage by utilizing the existing tunnel lining, comprising the following steps:

[0065] According to the designed construction section, the expanded tunnel outline 2 is determined, and a shield machine 14 is used to excavate a pilot tunnel 7 at the arch foot of the expanded tunnel outline 2 and to provide temporary support.

[0066] A platform structure is preassembled outside the tunnel, including an arched steel frame 4, all-terrain crawlers 5, an omnidirectional boring drill 6, a dust suction device 9, and a primary support construction platform 10. The tunnel entrance is expanded so that the arched steel frame 4 can be erected on the existing lining, leaving a driving space 3. The driving space 3, protected by the existing tunnel lining, can now maintain the original traffic capacity during tunnel construction.

[0067] Start the omnidirectional boring drill 6 to excavate in layers, rotate and extend to the corresponding excavation position as needed, and at the same time start the dust suction device 9 to ensure the air quality in the construction space, remove the temporary support of the advance guide tunnel 7 near the face, and cooperate with the transportation mechanism 8 to discharge the slag. The dump truck 81, the general excavator 82 and the slag conveyor belt 83 cooperate with each other to carry out the slag discharge work at the intersection of the temporary support retention section 71 and the temporary support removal section 72 of the advance guide tunnel 7 (still under the protection of the temporary support), which can not only ensure a relatively safe construction environment but also will not interfere with normal traffic. The initial support is applied by the construction mechanism on the initial support construction platform 10. Specifically, the telescopic scaffolding 11 is used to transport construction materials and build a temporary support system. The steel bar assembly platform 12 is used to quickly assemble the steel cage. The spray anchor construction platform 13 is used to achieve efficient spraying of concrete, and temporary support is quickly applied. This is repeated many times until the tunnel expansion is completed.

[0068] The present invention completely overturns the technical bottleneck of the "traffic-construction" binary opposition in traditional tunnel expansion through the dual-core collaborative architecture of "time-space separation slag discharge system for the advance pilot tunnel" and "dynamic protection and passage guarantee mechanism for existing lining". The shield machine 14 accurately opens the advance pilot tunnel 7 at the arch foot of the expanded tunnel contour line 2, forming a micro construction channel independent of the existing tunnel. Its time-space separation effect completely separates the slag discharge operation from the main tunnel passage space. The system adopts a three-element collaborative mode of dump trucks 81, general excavators 82 and slag conveyor belts 83, and establishes a dynamic slag discharge node at the junction of the temporary support retention section 71 and the temporary support removal section 72 of the advance pilot tunnel 7, ensuring that the entire slag transfer process is under temporary support coverage, achieving "zero interference passage and slag discharge". It is expected to solve the difficult problem of "contradiction between construction and traffic" in the field of existing tunnel renovation and expansion, and provide a solution for the upgrading of urban transportation infrastructure.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0070] The embodiments described above are merely descriptions of preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit of the present invention, various modifications and improvements made to the technical solutions of the present invention by persons skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expansion platform structure that utilizes the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage, characterized in that: include: An arched steel frame (4) is moved along the tunnel by a translation drive mechanism, wherein the size of the arched steel frame (4) is larger than the existing tunnel outline (1) and smaller than the expanded tunnel outline (2), and a driving space (3) is formed below the arched steel frame under the protection of the existing tunnel lining; An omnidirectional excavation drill bit (6) is slidably arranged on the arched steel frame (4) via an annular sliding mechanism to achieve 360° rotation excavation; A primary support construction platform (10) is provided on one side of the arched steel frame, and a lining construction mechanism is integrated on the primary support construction platform (10); A shield machine (14) is used for excavating a pilot tunnel (7) at the arch foot of the expanded tunnel outline (2); The transport mechanism (8) is used to remove the debris generated during the tunnel excavation process.

2. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The translation drive mechanism comprises a pair of all-terrain crawlers (5) respectively arranged at the arch feet on both sides of the arch steel frame (4).

3. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The annular sliding mechanism comprises a slide rail (19) and a moving device (18), wherein the slide rail (19) is arranged on the arched steel frame (4), the moving device (18) is slidably arranged on the slide rail (19), and the omnidirectional excavation drill bit (6) is arranged on the moving device (18).

4. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The slide rail (19) is provided with a rear wedge-shaped guide rail (191) and a rear pillow-shaped guide rail (192) that match the moving device (18).

5. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lining construction mechanism comprises a steel bar assembly platform (12) and a spray anchor construction platform (13).

6. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A telescopic scaffold (11) is also provided on the primary support construction platform (10).

7. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The transport mechanism (8) includes a dump truck (81), a general excavator (82) and a slag conveyor belt (83).

8. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The tunneling end of the shield machine (14) is provided with a main roller cutter (15), auxiliary roller cutters (16) on both sides and a core roller cutter (17).

9. The expansion platform structure utilizing the existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Dust collecting devices (9) are also provided at the arch feet on both sides of the arched steel frame (4).

10. A construction method for expansion using an existing tunnel lining to ensure passage, based on the construction method for expansion using an existing tunnel lining to ensure passage according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Determine the contour line (2) of the expanded tunnel, use a shield machine (14) to excavate a pilot tunnel (7) at the arch foot of the contour line (2) of the expanded tunnel and provide temporary support; Pre-assemble the platform structure outside the tunnel, expand the tunnel entrance so that the arched steel frame (4) can be erected on the existing lining, and reserve the driving space (3); The omnidirectional boring drill (6) is started to excavate in layers, the temporary support of the pilot tunnel (7) near the face is removed, the slag is removed in coordination with the transport mechanism (8), and the initial support is applied by the construction mechanism on the initial support construction platform (10), and this process is repeated several times until the tunnel expansion is completed.

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