Grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction and tunnel construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction and a tunnel construction method.The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction comprises a material mixing pipe, a scraping plate, a pneumatic assembly and a cleaning assembly, and the material mixing pipe is arranged on a shield tail and extends in the tunneling direction of a shield tunneling machine; the end, away from the shield tail, of the mixing pipe is a discharging end, static stirring blades are arranged in the mixing pipe, and the scraper is arranged in the mixing pipe in a sliding mode and connected with the static stirring blades in a sliding mode. The pneumatic assembly is used for pushing the scraping plate to be close to the discharging end after grouting is finished; and the cleaning assembly is used for introducing cleaning liquid into the mixing pipe from the discharging end when the scraping plate moves to the discharging end. A scraping plate is arranged, after grouting is completed, the scraping plate is pushed by a pneumatic assembly to get close to the discharging end, and residual materials on the material mixing pipe and the static stirring blades are scraped away; the cleaning assembly is arranged, cleaning liquid is injected into the material mixing pipe from the discharging end of the material mixing pipe, the scraping plate can be pushed to reset, and the interior of the material mixing pipe can also be washed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel construction, in particular to grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction and a tunnel construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In urban underground engineering construction, shield tunneling has become a core excavation technology for projects such as subways and municipal pipelines due to its high efficiency and minimal disturbance to the surrounding environment. As the shield machine advances, the cutterhead excavation diameter is larger than the outer diameter of the segments, resulting in an annular gap between the segments and the tunnel stratum. If not addressed promptly, this can easily cause ground subsidence, segment displacement, and even damage to adjacent structures. Synchronous grouting technology, a key solution to this problem, injects slurry into the gap, filling the voids to control ground deformation and improving the waterproofing properties of the segments. It is a core component of ensuring structural safety during shield construction.

[0003] Synchronous grouting is mainly divided into single-liquid synchronous grouting and dual-liquid synchronous grouting. Currently, most shield machines use single-liquid synchronous grouting, but it has significant drawbacks: the slurry takes a long time to solidify and is easily affected by formation water erosion or segment displacement during the solidification period, resulting in poor grouting results and difficulty in quickly forming effective support.

[0004] While dual-liquid simultaneous grouting can shorten setting time through the chemical reaction of the two slurries, it is difficult to completely remove the residual slurry in the pipeline after grouting. As the residual slurry solidifies, it gradually reduces the pipe cross-section. Repeated accumulation eventually leads to clogging of the grouting port, affecting the continuity and uniformity of grouting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction and a tunnel construction method thereof to address the problem that the static mixing tube in the current dual-liquid synchronous grouting device is easily blocked.

[0006] The above purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions: A grouting device for tunnel shield construction is used for synchronous grouting during the shield machine's excavation process, including a grouting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes a mixing tube and an auxiliary tube. One end of the mixing tube is arranged on the shield tail and extends along the excavation direction of the shield machine. The other end of the mixing tube is a discharge end. A static stirring blade is provided in the mixing tube. One end of the auxiliary tube is connected to the mixing tube and is located on the side of the static stirring blade away from the discharge end and is used to inject material into the mixing tube; the cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a pneumatic component and a cleaning component. The scraper is slidably arranged in the mixing tube along the axial direction of the mixing tube, and the scraper is slidably connected to the static stirring blade; the scraper is located on the side of the auxiliary tube away from the discharge end, and the pneumatic component is used to push the scraper toward the discharge end after grouting is completed; the cleaning component is used to pass cleaning liquid from the discharge end into the mixing tube when the scraper moves to the discharge end position.

[0007] Preferably, the static stirring blade includes multiple groups of spiral blades, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mixing tube, and the two adjacent groups of spiral blades have opposite rotation directions and two cross-sections that are close to each other are perpendicular to each other. There are two spiral blades in each group, and the two spiral blades in the same group are spaced apart in the radial direction of the mixing tube and have the same rotation direction. The outer side of each spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the mixing tube; the scraper includes a first disk, which is rotatably arranged in the mixing tube and contacts the inner wall of the mixing tube, and the thickness of the first disk in the axial direction of the mixing tube is less than the spacing between the two groups of spiral blades; four first sliding grooves are provided on the first disk, and each spiral blade is slidably connected to the spiral blade through one of the first sliding grooves, and each first sliding groove is provided with a notch, and the first disk located between the two groups of spiral blades can rotate relative to the spiral blade through the notch on the first sliding groove.

[0008] Preferably, the scraper also includes a second disk, which is rotatably arranged in the mixing tube and rotatably connected to the first disk. The second disk is located on the side of the first disk close to the discharge end. Four second slide grooves are provided on the second disk. Each spiral piece can be slidably connected to the second disk through a second slide groove, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent groups of spiral pieces are opposite. The size of the second slide groove in the circumferential direction of the second disk is greater than the thickness of the spiral piece in the circumferential direction of the second disk.

[0009] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism also includes a sealing tube, a telescopic tube and a liquid inlet tube, the sealing tube is sleeved on the mixing tube, and the discharge end of the mixing tube is located in the sealing tube; the telescopic tube is arranged in the sealing tube and sleeved on the mixing tube, and the telescopic tube is slidingly connected to the sealing tube and the mixing tube along its own axial direction; a first spring is provided in the sealing tube, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the sealing tube and the telescopic tube; one end of the liquid inlet tube is provided on the sealing tube and connected with the sealing tube, and the liquid inlet tube is located on the side of the telescopic tube away from the discharge end; a discharge port is provided on the sealing tube, and the discharge port is located on the side of the telescopic tube close to the discharge end and is connected with the mixing tube; when the telescopic tube slides and approaches the discharge end, the discharge port can be blocked, and a through hole is provided on the telescopic tube, and the liquid inlet tube and the mixing tube can be connected through the through hole after the discharge port is blocked.

[0010] Preferably, a third slide groove is provided on the circumferential surface of the mixing tube, and runs through the mixing tube. A push rod sliding along the radial direction of the mixing tube is provided in the third slide groove, and the length of the push rod is consistent with the wall thickness of the mixing tube; a clamping block sliding along the radial direction of the sealing tube is provided on the telescopic tube, and a third spring is provided between the clamping block and the telescopic tube for driving the clamping block away from the telescopic tube. The clamping block can be inserted into the third slide groove and abut against the push rod through the third spring. After abutting against the clamping block, the end of the push rod away from the clamping block is located in the mixing tube, and the second disk is slidably connected to the push rod.

[0011] Preferably, a cone is provided in the sealing tube, the cone is coaxial with the mixing tube, the cone includes a small end and a large end, the small end is closer to the mixing tube than the large end, and a distance is provided between the discharge end and the small end of the cone, and the distance is smaller than the thickness of the second disk in the axial direction of the mixing tube.

[0012] Preferably, a cavity is provided in the mixing tube, the cavity is located on the side of all the spiral plates away from the discharge end, one end of a group of spiral plates close to the cavity is located in the cavity, and the size of the cavity in the radial direction of the mixing tube is larger than the diameter of the spiral plates, a magnetic block is provided at one end of the spiral plates located in the cavity, and the first disk is attracted to the magnetic block; a fourth spring is provided in the cavity, and the two ends of the fourth spring are respectively in contact with the mixing tube and the first disk; during the grouting process, the first disk and the second disk are in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tube.

[0013] Preferably, the cleaning mechanism also includes an outer cylinder, a block and an air pipe. The outer cylinder is arranged at the shield tail and is sleeved on the mixing pipe. The outer cylinder is sealed and connected to the mixing pipe. A plurality of air holes are provided on the outer cylinder. The block is slidably arranged in the cavity along the extension and contraction direction of the fourth spring. The block is connected to the fourth spring. An air channel is provided on the block. One end of the air pipe is connected to the inside of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the cavity through the air channel.

[0014] Preferably, there are multiple grouting mechanisms and cleaning mechanisms, and the multiple grouting mechanisms are arranged around the circumferential direction of the shield tail, and each cleaning mechanism corresponds to a grouting mechanism.

[0015] The present invention also provides a tunnel construction method, comprising the following steps: S1, during grouting, the material is injected into the mixing pipe through the auxiliary material pipe, and the material flows to the discharge end and is mixed through the static stirring blades.

[0016] S2, after the grouting is completed, the pneumatic component is started, and the pneumatic component pushes the scraper to slide in the mixing pipe and move closer to the discharge end.

[0017] S3, close the pneumatic component and start the cleaning component, and the cleaning component passes the cleaning liquid into the mixing tube.

[0018] S4, close the cleaning component and start the pneumatic component again, and the scraper will scrape off the residual cleaning liquid in the mixing tube.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: a scraper is provided, and after grouting is completed, the scraper is pushed toward the discharge end by a pneumatic component, so that the residual material on the mixing tube and the static stirring blade can be scraped off and the material can be fully utilized to reduce waste; a cleaning component is provided, and a cleaning liquid is injected into the mixing tube from the discharge end of the mixing tube, which can not only push the scraper to reset, but also flush the inside of the mixing tube, thereby preventing the material attached to the inner wall of the mixing tube and the static stirring blade from condensing into lumps, which affects the next use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of a grouting mechanism of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A split diagram of a grouting mechanism of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 for Figure 4 Enlarged view of point G in the middle; Figure 6 A top view of a grouting mechanism of a grouting device for tunnel shield construction provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 for Figure 6 Cross-sectional view along the BB direction; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 9 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 10 for Figure 7 Enlarged view of point E in the middle; Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point F in the middle.

[0021] in: 101. Mixing tube; 102. Auxiliary material tube; 103. Discharge end; 104. Shield tail; 105. Spiral sheet; 106. First disk; 107. First chute; 108. Second disk; 109. Second chute; 110. Sealing tube; 111. Liquid inlet tube; 112. First spring; 113. Discharge port; 114. Through hole; 115. Sliding tube; 116. Blocking tube; 117. Second spring; 120. Push rod; 121. Block; 122. Third spring; 123. Cone; 124. Cavity; 125. Magnetic block; 126. Fourth spring; 131. Outer cylinder; 132. Stopper; 133. Air tube; 134. Air hole; 135. Airway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0023] The serial numbers assigned to components herein, such as "first," "second," etc., are used solely to distinguish the objects being described and do not convey any sequential or technical meaning. References to "connection" and "coupling" herein, unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that terms such as "upper," "lower," "front," "back," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise" indicate positions or relationships based on those shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and simplify the description. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or component being referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0024] In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediary. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0025] like Figures 1 to 11As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a grouting device for tunnel shield construction, which is used for synchronous grouting during the excavation process of the shield machine, including a grouting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes a mixing pipe 101 and an auxiliary material pipe 102. One end of the mixing pipe 101 is arranged on the shield tail 104 and the mixing pipe 101 extends along the excavation direction of the shield machine. The other end of the mixing pipe 101 is a discharge end 103. A static stirring blade is provided in the mixing pipe 101. One end of the auxiliary material pipe 102 is connected to the mixing pipe 101 and is located away from the static stirring blade. One side of the material end 103 is used to inject material into the mixing tube 101; the cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a pneumatic component and a cleaning component. The scraper is slidably arranged in the mixing tube 101 along the axial direction of the mixing tube 101, and the scraper is slidably connected to the static stirring blade; the scraper is located on the side of the auxiliary material tube 102 away from the discharge end 103, and the pneumatic component is used to push the scraper toward the discharge end 103 after the grouting is completed; the cleaning component is used to pass cleaning liquid from the discharge end 103 into the mixing tube 101 when the scraper moves to the position of the discharge end 103.

[0026] A scraper is provided. After the grouting is completed, the scraper is pushed toward the discharge end 103 by the pneumatic component. While scraping off the residual material on the mixing tube 101 and the static stirring blade, the material can be fully utilized to reduce waste. A cleaning component is provided. Cleaning liquid is injected into the mixing tube 101 from the discharge end 103 of the mixing tube 101, which can not only push the scraper to reset, but also flush the inside of the mixing tube 101 to prevent the material attached to the inner wall of the mixing tube 101 and the static stirring blade from condensing into lumps, which will affect the next use.

[0027] In this embodiment, the static stirring blades include multiple groups of spiral blades 105, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mixing tube 101. The rotation directions of two adjacent groups of spiral blades 105 are opposite, and the two cross-sections close to each other are perpendicular to each other. There are two spiral blades 105 in each group, and the two spiral blades 105 in the same group are spaced apart in the radial direction of the mixing tube 101 and have the same rotation direction. The outer side of each spiral blade 105 is connected to the inner wall of the mixing tube 101.

[0028] The scraper includes a first disc 106, which is rotatably mounted within the mixing tube 101 and contacts the inner wall of the mixing tube 101. The thickness of the first disc 106 in the axial direction of the mixing tube 101 is less than the spacing between the two groups of spirals 105. The first disc 106 is provided with four first chute grooves 107. Each spiral 105 is slidably connected to the spiral 105 via one of the first chute grooves 107. When the first disc 106 slides over a group of spirals 105, the two spirals 105 in that group slide into one of the first chute grooves 107. Each first chute groove 107 has a notch, allowing the first disc 106, located between the two groups of spirals 105, to rotate relative to the spirals 105. As the first disc 106 gradually separates from one group of spirals 105 and approaches the next group of spirals 105, the other two first chute grooves 107 on the first disc 106 gradually approach the cross-section of the next group of spirals 105. Due to the effect of the notches, the spiral pieces 105 have a certain amount of space for movement between the first sliding grooves 107 , and the notches can guide the spiral pieces 105 to enter the corresponding first sliding grooves 107 better.

[0029] In this embodiment, the scraper also includes a second disc 108, which is rotatably arranged in the mixing tube 101 and rotatably connected to the first disc 106. The second disc 108 is located on the side of the first disc 106 close to the discharge end 103. Four second chutes 109 are provided on the second disc 108. Each spiral sheet 105 can be slidably connected to the second disc 108 through a second chute 109, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent groups of spiral sheets 105 are opposite, and the adjacent first chute 107 and second chute 109 are not in contact with the spiral sheet 105 and are not connected to each other. The size of the second chute 109 in the circumferential direction of the second disc 108 is greater than the thickness of the spiral sheet 105 in the circumferential direction of the second disc 108. Under the action of the pneumatic component, the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 are guided by the spiral plate 105 to rotate in the process of approaching the discharge end 103 in the mixing tube 101. The side of the second disc 108 close to the discharge end 103 is filled with material, and the material will also enter the second chute 109. Under the obstruction of the first disc 106, the material will not pass through the first disc 106. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 can better push the material out of the mixing tube 101.

[0030] Since the second chute 109 is larger than the spiral piece 105 , the spiral piece 105 entering the second chute 109 can squeeze out the material in the second chute 109 , so that the spiral piece 105 can smoothly enter the second chute 109 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism also includes a sealing tube 110, a telescopic tube and a liquid inlet tube 111. The sealing tube 110 is sleeved on the mixing tube 101, and the discharge end 103 of the mixing tube 101 is located in the sealing tube 110. The end of the sealing tube 110 close to the discharge end 103 has a bottom, and the other end of the sealing tube 110 is connected to the circumferential surface of the mixing tube 101; the telescopic tube is arranged in the sealing tube 110 and sleeved on the mixing tube 101, and the telescopic tube is slidingly connected to the sealing tube 110 and the mixing tube 101 along its own axial direction; a first spring 112 is provided in the sealing tube 110, and the two ends of the first spring 112 are respectively connected to the sealing tube 110 and the telescopic tube. When the telescopic tube approaches the discharge end 103, the first spring 112 will be stretched, and the first spring 112 will provide a pulling force for the resetting of the telescopic tube. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 111 is disposed on the sealing pipe 110 and is in communication with the sealing pipe 110. The liquid inlet pipe 111 is located on the side of the telescopic pipe away from the discharge end 103. The sealing pipe 110 is provided with a discharge port 113, which is located on the side of the telescopic pipe close to the discharge end 103 and is in communication with the mixing pipe 101. The communication between the discharge end 103 and the discharge port 113 enables the material inside the mixing pipe 101 to be discharged into the annular gap formed between the pipe segments (the pipe segments are located inside the shield tail 104, and there are multiple pipe segments, and the multiple pipe segments form a cylinder. When the shield machine excavates, the pipe segments forming the cylinder will be left behind) and the tunnel strata, completing the filling. When the telescopic pipe slides and approaches the discharge end 103, it can block the discharge port 113. The telescopic pipe is provided with a through hole 114. After the discharge port 113 is blocked, the liquid inlet pipe 111 and the mixing pipe 101 can be connected through the through hole 114.

[0032] Specifically, the telescopic tube includes a sliding tube 115 and a blocking tube 116. The sliding tube 115 is slidably arranged on the mixing tube 101, and the blocking tube 116 is slidably arranged on the sliding tube 115. A second spring 117 is provided between the sliding tube 115 and the blocking tube 116. The second spring 117 ensures that the sliding tube 115 and the blocking tube 116 always have a tendency to move away from each other. When the sliding tube 115 slides toward the discharge end 103, the blocking tube 116 can block the discharge port 113 and abut against the sealing tube 110. When the liquid inlet pipe 111 is connected to the mixing tube 101 through the through hole 114, the compression amount of the second spring 117 will increase, and the blocking tube 116 can better block the discharge port 113, thereby allowing the cleaning liquid to enter the mixing tube 101 from the discharge end 103 to clean the mixing tube 101.

[0033] A liquid storage tank is provided at one end of the mixing tube 101 away from the discharge end 103 for storing cleaning liquid in the mixing tube 101 .

[0034] In this embodiment, a third chute is provided on the circumference of the mixing tube 101, which passes through the mixing tube 101, and a push rod 120 is provided in the third chute for sliding along the radial direction of the mixing tube 101. The length of the push rod 120 is consistent with the wall thickness of the mixing tube 101; a clamping block 121 is provided on the telescopic tube to slide along the radial direction of the sealing tube 110, and a third spring 122 is provided between the clamping block 121 and the telescopic tube for driving the clamping block 121 away from the telescopic tube. The clamping block 121 can be inserted into the third chute by the third spring 122 and abut against the push rod 120. After abutting with the clamping block 121, the end of the push rod 120 away from the clamping block 121 is located in the mixing tube 101, and the end of the push rod 120 located in the mixing tube 101 is provided with a chamfer. The second disk 108 is slidably connected to the push rod 120 through the chamfer of the push rod 120, and pushes the push rod 120 to move in the third chute toward the telescopic tube. With the cooperation of the block 121 and the chute, the telescopic tube can be stationary relative to the mixing tube 101. When the second disk 108 slides in the mixing tube 101 and contacts the push rod 120, the block 121 will slide out of the third chute, and the telescopic tube will move relative to the mixing tube 101.

[0035] Specifically, the block 121 is slidably disposed on the sliding tube 115 . When the block 121 is located in the third chute, the blocking tube 116 no longer blocks the discharge port 113 , and the blocking tube 116 is located at the discharge end 103 on the mixing tube 101 .

[0036] In this embodiment, a cone 123 is provided within sealing tube 110. Cone 123 is coaxial with mixing tube 101 and includes a small end and a large end, with the small end being closer to mixing tube 101 than the large end. A distance is provided between discharge end 103 and the small end of cone 123, and this distance is less than the axial thickness of second disk 108 in mixing tube 101. Due to the provision of cone 123, material within mixing tube 101 is discharged from discharge end 103 into sealing tube 110 and then, guided by cone 123, is discharged from discharge port 113, thereby reducing material accumulation within sealing tube 110.

[0037] In this embodiment, a cavity 124 is provided in the mixing tube 101, and the cavity 124 is located on the side of all the spiral pieces 105 away from the discharge end 103. One end of a group of spiral pieces 105 close to the cavity 124 is located in the cavity 124, and the size of the cavity 124 in the radial direction of the mixing tube 101 is larger than the diameter of the spiral piece 105. A magnetic block 125 is provided at one end of the spiral piece 105 located in the cavity 124, and the first disk 106 is attracted to the magnetic block 125; a fourth spring 126 is provided in the cavity 124, and the two ends of the fourth spring 126 are respectively in contact with the mixing tube 101 and the first disk 106; during the grouting process, the first disk 106 and the second disk 108 are in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tube 101.

[0038] Specifically, two auxiliary material pipes 102 are provided, one end of each of the two auxiliary material pipes 102 being connected to and in communication with the mixing pipe 101. The two auxiliary material pipes 102 are arranged on the mixing pipe 101 along the axial direction of the mixing pipe 101, and the two auxiliary material pipes 102 discharge material toward the discharge end 103. A one-way valve is provided in each auxiliary material pipe 102, located at the corresponding connection between the auxiliary material pipe 102 and the mixing pipe 101, to prevent the material and cleaning liquid in the mixing pipe 101 from flowing back into the auxiliary material pipe 102.

[0039] During the process of injecting material from the auxiliary material tube 102 into the mixing tube 101, the material flows in both directions in the mixing tube 101. When the material contacts the second disk 108, it pushes the second disk 108 toward the magnetic block 125. At this time, the fourth spring 126 will be compressed to hinder the movement of the second disk 108, preventing the material from entering the cavity 124.

[0040] When the pneumatic assembly injects gas into the mixing tube 101, it first inflates the cavity 124. The gas in the cavity 124 pushes the first plate 106 and the second plate 108 away from the magnetic block 125. The pneumatic assembly is an inflation device for introducing gas into the cavity 124, such as an air pump, which is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore will not be described in detail.

[0041] In this embodiment, the cleaning mechanism also includes an outer cylinder 131, a stopper 132 and an air pipe 133. The outer cylinder 131 is arranged on the shield tail 104 and is sleeved on the mixing pipe 101. The outer cylinder 131 is sealed with the mixing pipe 101. A plurality of air holes 134 are provided on the outer cylinder 131. The stopper 132 is slidably arranged in the cavity 124 along the extension and contraction direction of the fourth spring 126. The stopper 132 is connected to the fourth spring 126. An air channel 135 is provided on the stopper 132. One end of the air pipe 133 is connected to the interior of the outer cylinder 131, and the other end of the air pipe 133 is connected to the cavity 124 through the air channel 135. The fourth spring 126 extends after the second disk 108 moves away from the magnetic block 125, thereby driving the stopper 132 to slide. During the sliding of the stopper 132, the air channel 135 is connected with the air pipe 133, so that the gas in the cavity 124 can enter the outer cylinder 131 through the air pipe 133. The gas entering the outer cylinder 131 is discharged through the air hole 134, forming an air film on the peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 131, so that the outer cylinder 131 is separated from the material to prevent the material from condensing on the outer cylinder 131.

[0042] In this embodiment, multiple grouting mechanisms and cleaning mechanisms are provided, and the multiple grouting mechanisms are arranged around the circumference of the shield tail 104, and each cleaning mechanism corresponds to a grouting mechanism, which can improve the grouting efficiency.

[0043] The working principle of the grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction provided in the above embodiment is as follows: When the shield tail 104 is located in the annular gap formed between the pipe segment and the tunnel stratum, the mixing pipe 101 is also located in the annular gap formed between the tunnel stratum, and grouting can be started at this time.

[0044] Material is continuously fed into the two auxiliary material pipes 102. The material in auxiliary material pipes 102 flows into mixing pipe 101 through corresponding one-way valves. The material flowing into the material exchange pipe flows along the axial direction of mixing pipe 101. When the material contacts second disc 108, it exerts a thrust on second disc 108, compressing fourth spring 126 until the elastic force of fourth spring 126 matches the thrust exerted by the material on second disc 108. At this point, second disc 108 remains in contact with the inner wall of the material pipe. Simultaneously, the material flows toward discharge end 103. During this flow, the material in the two auxiliary material pipes 102 contacts and mixes under the action of spiral blades 105. It then flows from discharge end 103 into sealing pipe 110. Guided by cone 123, the material in sealing pipe 110 approaches discharge port 113 and is discharged from discharge port 113 into the annular gap formed between the tunnel strata.

[0045] When the grouting work is completed, the injection of materials into the two auxiliary material pipes 102 is stopped, and the one-way valves corresponding to the auxiliary material pipes 102 are closed. At this time, residual materials are still left in the mixing pipe 101. Start the pneumatic assembly, which injects gas into the cavity 124. The gas pushes the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 to move closer to the discharge end 103 in the mixing tube 101. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 rotate under the action of the spiral piece 105. As the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 move away from the cavity 124, the fourth spring 126 gradually recovers and drives the stopper 132 to slide in the cavity 124. When the stopper 132 slides, the air channel 135 thereon will be connected with the air pipe 133. The gas in the cavity 124 enters the air pipe 133 and enters the outer cylinder 131 through the air channel 135. The gas entering the outer cylinder 131 is discharged through the air hole 134. The gas discharged from the air hole 134 will form an air film on the surface of the outer cylinder 131. The air film separates the material in contact with the outer cylinder 131 from the outer cylinder 131.

[0046] As the first and second discs 106 and 108 approach the discharge end 103 under the action of gas, they push the material in the mixing tube 101 into the sealing tube 110. The material in the sealing tube 110 is then discharged from the discharge port 113 under the guidance of the cone 123. When the second disc 108 contacts the push rod 120, the chamfered corners of the push rod 120 cause the push rod 120 to slide within the third chute. The sliding of the push rod 120 pushes the block 121, which compresses the third spring 122 and gradually slides out of the third chute. After the block 121 slides out of the third chute, the slide tube 115 and the blocking tube 116 approach the discharge port 113 under the pressure of the cleaning fluid in the liquid inlet pipe 111. Simultaneously, the slide tube 115 pulls the first spring 112 to stretch, and the blocking tube 116 gradually blocks the discharge port 113 until it is completely blocked. At this time, the slide tube 115 continues to slide and compresses the second spring 117 until the through hole 114 is connected to the mixing tube 101. At this time, the cleaning liquid flows out of the through hole 114 and then flows into the mixing tube 101. The cleaning liquid pushes the second plate 108 and the first plate 106 to approach the cavity 124. The cleaning liquid cleans the mixing tube 101. The second plate 108 slides into the cavity 124 under the action of the cleaning liquid. The cleaning liquid also flows into the cavity 124 and then flows from the cavity 124 into the liquid storage tank.

[0047] After flushing is complete, the liquid inlet pipe 111 no longer injects liquid into the sealing tube 110, and the first spring 112 pulls the slide tube 115 and the blocking tube 116 back into place. When the block 121 slides into the third chute, the slide tube 115 stops sliding, and the discharge port 113 connects with the discharge end 103. After the first and second discs 106 and 108 are no longer impacted by the cleaning liquid, they are again brought into contact with the inner wall of the mixing tube 101 under the action of the first spring 112. At this point, gas is again introduced into the chamber 124 through the pneumatic assembly, pushing the first and second discs 106 and 108 to slide within the mixing tube 101, scraping away the cleaning liquid within the mixing tube 101.

[0048] The present invention also provides a tunnel construction method, comprising the following steps: S1, during grouting, materials are injected into the mixing pipe 101 through the auxiliary material pipe 102. The materials in the two auxiliary material pipes 102 enter the mixing pipe 101 through the one-way valve. The materials flow to the discharge end 103 and are mixed through the static stirring blades; multiple groups of spiral blades 105 ensure that the materials in the two auxiliary material pipes 102 are evenly mixed so that they can coagulate quickly.

[0049] S2, after grouting is completed, the two auxiliary material pipes 102 no longer inject material into the mixing pipe 101, and the two auxiliary material pipes 102 are isolated from the mixing pipe 101 under the action of their respective one-way valves. At this time, material discharged from the two auxiliary material pipes 102 still remains in the mixing pipe 101, and the pneumatic component is started. The pneumatic component pushes the scraper to slide in the mixing pipe 101 and approach the discharge end 103. The first disc 106 and the second disc 108 are impacted by the gas and slide inside the mixing pipe 101 and rotate with the rotation direction of the spiral plate 105; the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 push the material in the mixing pipe 101 to continue to be discharged, and the first disc 106 and the second disc 108 also scrape off the residual material on the inner wall of the mixing pipe 101 and the surface of the spiral plate 105 until the second disc 108 contacts the cone 123.

[0050] S3, close the pneumatic component and start the cleaning component, and the cleaning component introduces cleaning liquid into the mixing tube 101; when the second disc 108 passes the push rod 120, it pushes the push rod 120 to slide in the third slide groove, thereby causing the block 121 to slide out of the third slide groove. At this time, the cleaning liquid in the liquid inlet pipe 111 begins to flow and pushes the sliding pipe 115 and the blocking pipe 116 to approach the discharge port 113 until the blocking pipe 116 blocks the discharge port 113. Under the action of the cleaning liquid, the sliding pipe 115 still approaches the discharge port 113 until the through hole 114 is connected to the discharge end 103, and the cleaning liquid also flows from the through hole 114 to the position of the discharge end 103, and then enters the mixing tube 101 to push the second disc 108 to reset, and make the second disc 108 in the cavity 124, so that the cleaning liquid of the mixing tube 101 can enter the cavity 124 and be discharged.

[0051] S4, close the cleaning component and start the pneumatic component again, and the scraper scrapes off the residual cleaning liquid in the mixing tube 101.

[0052] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0053] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several embodiments of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction, used for synchronous grouting during the tunneling process of the shield machine, characterized in that: It includes a grouting mechanism and a cleaning mechanism. The grouting mechanism includes a mixing pipe and an auxiliary pipe. One end of the mixing pipe is arranged on the shield tail and the mixing pipe extends along the excavation direction of the shield machine. The other end of the mixing pipe is the discharge end. A static stirring blade is provided in the mixing pipe. One end of the auxiliary pipe is connected to the mixing pipe and is located on the side of the static stirring blade away from the discharge end and is used to inject material into the mixing pipe; the cleaning mechanism includes a scraper, a pneumatic component and a cleaning component. The scraper is slidably arranged in the mixing pipe along the axial direction of the mixing pipe, and the scraper is slidably connected to the static stirring blade; the scraper is located on the side of the auxiliary pipe away from the discharge end, and the pneumatic component is used to push the scraper toward the discharge end after grouting is completed; the cleaning component is used to pass cleaning liquid from the discharge end into the mixing pipe when the scraper moves to the discharge end position.

2. A grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The static stirring blade includes multiple groups of spiral blades, which are arranged at intervals along the axial direction of the mixing tube. The rotation directions of two adjacent groups of spiral blades are opposite and the two cross-sections close to each other are perpendicular to each other. There are two spiral blades in each group, and the two spiral blades in the same group are spaced apart in the radial direction of the mixing tube and have the same rotation direction. The outer side of each spiral blade is connected to the inner wall of the mixing tube; the scraper includes a first disk, which is rotatably arranged in the mixing tube and contacts the inner wall of the mixing tube. The thickness of the first disk in the axial direction of the mixing tube is less than the spacing between the two groups of spiral blades; four first sliding grooves are provided on the first disk, and each spiral blade is slidably connected to the spiral blade through one of the first sliding grooves. Each first sliding groove is provided with a notch, and the first disk located between the two groups of spiral blades can rotate relative to the spiral blade through the notch on the first sliding groove.

3. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The scraper also includes a second disk, which is rotatably arranged in the mixing tube and rotatably connected to the first disk. The second disk is located on the side of the first disk close to the discharge end. Four second slide grooves are provided on the second disk. Each spiral sheet can be slidably connected to the second disk through a second slide groove, and the rotation directions of the two adjacent groups of spiral sheets are opposite. The size of the second slide groove in the circumferential direction of the second disk is greater than the thickness of the spiral sheet in the circumferential direction of the second disk.

4. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism also includes a sealing tube, a telescopic tube and a liquid inlet tube. The sealing tube is sleeved on the mixing tube, and the discharge end of the mixing tube is located in the sealing tube; the telescopic tube is arranged in the sealing tube and sleeved on the mixing tube, and the telescopic tube is slidably connected to the sealing tube and the mixing tube along its own axial direction; a first spring is provided in the sealing tube, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively connected to the sealing tube and the telescopic tube; one end of the liquid inlet tube is provided on the sealing tube and connected with the sealing tube, and the liquid inlet tube is located on the side of the telescopic tube away from the discharge end; a discharge port is provided on the sealing tube, and the discharge port is located on the side of the telescopic tube close to the discharge end and is connected with the mixing tube; when the telescopic tube slides and approaches the discharge end, the discharge port can be blocked, and a through hole is provided on the telescopic tube, and the liquid inlet tube and the mixing tube can be connected through the through hole after the discharge port is blocked.

5. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A third chute is provided on the circumference of the mixing tube, which runs through the mixing tube. A push rod is provided in the third chute and slides along the radial direction of the mixing tube. The length of the push rod is consistent with the wall thickness of the mixing tube. A clamping block is provided on the telescopic tube and slides along the radial direction of the sealing tube. A third spring is provided between the clamping block and the telescopic tube to drive the clamping block away from the telescopic tube. The clamping block can be inserted into the third chute by the third spring and abut against the push rod. After abutting against the clamping block, the end of the push rod away from the clamping block is located in the mixing tube, and the second disk is slidably connected to the push rod.

6. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: A cone is provided in the sealing tube, which is coaxial with the mixing tube. The cone includes a small end and a large end. The small end is closer to the mixing tube than the large end. A distance is provided between the discharge end and the small end of the cone, and the distance is smaller than the thickness of the second disk in the axial direction of the mixing tube.

7. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: A cavity is provided in the mixing tube, and the cavity is located on the side of all the spiral plates away from the discharge end. One end of a group of spiral plates close to the cavity is located in the cavity, and the size of the cavity in the radial direction of the mixing tube is larger than the diameter of the spiral plates. A magnetic block is provided at one end of the spiral plates located in the cavity, and the first disk is attracted to the magnetic block; a fourth spring is provided in the cavity, and the two ends of the fourth spring are respectively in contact with the mixing tube and the first disk; during the grouting process, the first disk and the second disk are in contact with the inner wall of the mixing tube.

8. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning mechanism also includes an outer cylinder, a block and an air pipe. The outer cylinder is arranged at the shield tail and is sleeved on the mixing pipe. The outer cylinder is sealed with the mixing pipe. A plurality of air holes are provided on the outer cylinder. The block is slidably arranged in the cavity along the extension and contraction direction of the fourth spring. The block is connected to the fourth spring. An air channel is provided on the block. One end of the air pipe is connected to the inside of the outer cylinder, and the other end of the air pipe is connected to the cavity through the air channel.

9. The grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple grouting mechanisms and cleaning mechanisms. The multiple grouting mechanisms are arranged around the circumferential direction of the shield tail, and each cleaning mechanism corresponds to a grouting mechanism.

10. A tunnel construction method, using the grouting equipment for tunnel shield construction according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, during grouting, the material is injected into the mixing pipe through the auxiliary material pipe, and the material flows to the discharge end through the static stirring blade and is mixed; S2, after grouting is completed, the pneumatic component is started, and the pneumatic component pushes the scraper to slide in the mixing pipe and move closer to the discharge end; S3, close the pneumatic component and start the cleaning component, and the cleaning component passes the cleaning liquid into the mixing tube; S4, close the cleaning component and start the pneumatic component again, and the scraper will scrape off the residual cleaning liquid in the mixing tube.

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