Small coal pillar gob-side roadway supporting structure and supporting method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a small coal pillar gob-side roadway supporting structure and a supporting method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of roadway supporting. The supporting structure comprises a supporting seat and a hydraulic push rod, and shrink-proof damping assemblies are symmetrically arranged on the two sides of the hydraulic push rod. The retraction amount of the hydraulic push rod when the hydraulic push rod is pressed is restrained through the shrink-proof damping assembly; the shrink-proof damping assembly comprises a second supporting plate, a friction piece, an upper fixing rod and a lower fixing rod. A lubricating assembly is installed on the second supporting plate, and the shrink-proof damping assembly is lubricated through the lubricating assembly. Friction between parts of the shrink-proof damping assembly can be effectively reduced, it is ensured that the supporting structure is kept stable in a complex environment, and reliable guarantee is provided for roadway safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and in particular relates to a small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure and a support method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the field of coal resource mining, small coal pillar goaf-side tunnel support technology is a key link in ensuring safe production and improving mining efficiency. With the continuous increase in the depth and intensity of coal mining, the geological conditions of the tunnels are becoming more and more complex, facing many challenges such as high ground stress and broken surrounding rock. Traditional small coal pillar goaf-side tunnel support structures, such as rigid supports and simple anchor supports, have obvious limitations. Rigid supports lack buffering and shock absorption capabilities and are difficult to adapt to the dynamic changes in tunnel top pressure. They are prone to deformation or even damage when subjected to large impacts, and cannot effectively ensure tunnel safety. Simple anchor supports do not fit the tunnel top surface well enough, making it difficult to achieve uniform support. Under irregular surrounding rock conditions, the support effect is greatly reduced. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology and proposes a small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support structure and support method thereof; it solves the problems of poor cushioning and easy damage of traditional small coal pillar gob-side tunnel support rigid brackets; insufficient anchor support and poor support effect. The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: Material toggling mechanism, its both sides respectively have a cylinder pressure, and the cylinder pressure bar connects swing arm, and the swing arm end face has hook portion, and a bar passes position between the end of two swing arms and the hook portion.

[0004] Furthermore, an inserting groove is formed at one end of the upper and lower fixing rods close to each other, and a sliding member is inserted into each of the two inserting grooves. The outer side wall of the fixing rod is fixed to the sliding member by a first bolt.

[0005] Furthermore, a plug rod is inserted into the inner wall of the second support plate; a second sliding groove is opened on the side walls of the two friction members, and the friction members slide with the outer side walls of the adjacent plug rods through the second sliding grooves, so that the friction members can slide axially on the plug rods.

[0006] Furthermore, a plurality of butterfly springs are provided on the outer wall of the insertion rod, one end of the butterfly spring is fitted with the friction member, and the other end is fitted with the second support plate, and the end of the insertion rod away from the butterfly spring is fixed to the second support plate by a second bolt.

[0007] Furthermore, the contact portions between the friction member and the sliding member are both arranged in a trapezoidal tooth shape.

[0008] Furthermore, the lubrication assembly includes a tank body for storing lubricating oil, a sliding plate is slidably provided on the inner wall of the tank body, a plurality of through holes are opened on the sliding plate, the inner wall of the tank body is connected to an oil outlet pipe, and the outlet of the oil outlet pipe is located at the joint between the friction part and the sliding part; a connecting rod is fixedly provided on the sliding plate, and the connecting rod is movable through the tank body and is fixed to the outer wall of the sliding part by a third bolt.

[0009] Furthermore, the lubrication assembly also includes a third support plate, which is fixedly arranged on one side of the second support plate. The third support plate is provided with a bearing groove, and the tank body is placed in the bearing groove; a flow control valve is provided at the outlet of the oil outlet pipe.

[0010] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a first support plate, which is fixed on the protruding end of the hydraulic push rod. Several sleeves are evenly distributed and fixed on the surface of the first support plate. A first sliding rod is slidingly provided on the inner wall of the sleeve. At the same time, a spring is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve. The end of the first sliding rod close to the spring is in close contact with the spring, and the end of the first sliding rod in the same column away from the spring is fixed with the same flexible plate.

[0011] Furthermore, the two adjacent flexible plates are rotatably connected to each other on one side with an axle pin, the axle pin of one of the flexible plates is rotatably provided with a rotating piece, and a first sliding groove is provided on the rotating piece, and the axle pin of the other flexible plate is rotatably provided with rotating bars at both ends, and a second sliding rod is fixedly provided between the two rotating bars, and the outer wall of the second sliding rod slides in cooperation with the inner wall of the first sliding groove.

[0012] A small coal pillar gob-side roadway support method adopts the small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure and includes the following steps: S1: First, the tunnel top is preliminarily supported by the support components; S2: The support assembly is then further supported by the anti-retraction damping assembly, and the retraction amount of the hydraulic push rod when it is compressed is suppressed; S3: The lubrication component uses the retraction amount of the hydraulic push rod to discharge lubricating oil to lubricate the anti-shrinkage damping component, so as to reduce the wear of the anti-shrinkage damping component during damping.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention compared to the prior art are: 1. The support assembly in the present invention can effectively absorb and buffer the pressure on the top of the tunnel through the cooperation of the sleeve, the first slide bar, the spring and the flexible plate, avoid damage to the support structure due to instantaneous impact, and ensure the stability and safety of the support system. The flexible plate is made of elastic rubber material, combined with the linkage structure of the rotating plate, the rotating bar and the second slide bar, which can fit closely to the irregular surface of the top of the tunnel, automatically adjust according to the direction and size of the pressure, achieve uniform support, and enhance the support effect. The wavy anti-slip pattern on the surface of the flexible plate significantly increases the friction with the top of the tunnel, prevents the support assembly from slipping, ensures that the support structure remains stable in complex environments, and provides reliable protection for tunnel safety.

[0014] 2. The anti-shrinkage damping component in the present invention utilizes the trapezoidal tooth structure at the joint of the sliding part and the friction part to generate a large friction force, limit the retraction of the hydraulic push rod when under pressure, avoid insufficient support force on the tunnel top due to excessive retraction of the hydraulic push rod, and maintain a stable support effect. The butterfly spring generates elastic force when it is compressed and deformed, pushing the friction part and the sliding part to fit tightly together. The friction force can be dynamically adjusted according to the pressure on the hydraulic push rod. When the pressure increases, the elastic force of the butterfly spring increases, the friction force increases, and the retraction is further suppressed; when the pressure decreases, the friction force is also adjusted accordingly, so that the support structure is always in a stable state and adapts to the dynamic changes in tunnel pressure. The sliding part is fixed to the fixed rod by a first bolt to achieve detachable installation. After long-term use of the equipment, if the anti-shrinkage damping component is worn or fails, the sliding part can be easily disassembled for inspection, repair or replacement, which reduces the difficulty of maintenance, improves the efficiency of equipment maintenance, and reduces the production downtime caused by equipment failure.

[0015] 3. The lubrication assembly of the present invention, through the linkage design of the sliding part and the sliding plate, when the anti-shrinkage damping assembly is working, the sliding of the sliding part will drive the sliding plate to move synchronously, automatically squeezing out the lubricating oil and delivering it to the contact point between the friction part and the sliding part. No frequent manual intervention is required, achieving continuous and efficient automatic lubrication, and effectively reducing friction between components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure of the present invention from another perspective; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 Enlarged view of point B in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the first support plate, the first sliding rod and the sleeve of the present invention; Figure 6 This is an exploded structural diagram of the anti-shrinkage damping assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point C in the middle; Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged view of point D in the middle; Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the fixing rod, the first bolt and the second support plate of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged view of point E in the middle.

[0017] In the figure: 1. support seat; 2. hydraulic push rod; 3. support assembly; 301. first support plate; 302. sleeve; 303. first slide bar; 304. spring; 305. flexible plate; 306. shaft pin; 307. rotating plate; 308. first slide groove; 309. rotating bar; 310. second slide bar; 4. anti-shrinkage damping assembly; 401. fixed rod; 402. plug-in groove; 403. sliding member; 404. first bolt; 405. second support plate; 406. plug-in rod; 407. friction member; 408. second slide groove; 409. butterfly spring; 410. second bolt; 5. lubrication assembly; 501. third support plate; 502. tank body; 503. sliding plate; 504. through hole; 505. oil outlet pipe; 601. connecting rod; 602. third bolt; 7. anti-slip pattern DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. The technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited thereto.

[0019] See also Figures 1 to 10This embodiment proposes a small coal pillar along the goaf tunnel support structure, including a support seat 1 and a hydraulic push rod 2. The support seat 1 and the hydraulic push rod 2 are both made of high-strength alloy steel, have good compression and deformation resistance, and can withstand the huge pressure from the tunnel top. The hydraulic push rod 2 is fixedly set on the support seat 1, and the protruding end of the hydraulic push rod 2 is fixedly installed with a support component 3. The support component 3 is used to support the tunnel top. The hydraulic push rod 2 is the power output component of the entire support structure. It is driven by a hydraulic system and can flexibly adjust the protrusion length according to the change of the tunnel top pressure to provide stable supporting force for the support component 3.

[0020] Specifically, the support assembly 3 includes a first support plate 301, which is fixedly arranged on the protruding end of the hydraulic push rod 2, and a plurality of sleeves 302 are evenly distributed and fixedly arranged on the surface of the first support plate 301, and a first slide bar 303 is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 302. At the same time, a spring 304 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve 302, and the end of the first slide bar 303 close to the spring 304 is in close contact with the spring 304, and the end of the first slide bar 303 in the same row away from the spring 304 is fixedly provided with the same flexible plate 305; when the top of the tunnel applies pressure to the flexible plate 305, the flexible plate 305 drives the first slide bar 303 to slide into the sleeve 302, compressing the spring 304. During the compression process, the spring 304 can absorb and buffer the impact force from the top of the tunnel, thereby preventing the support structure from being damaged by instantaneous excessive pressure. The flexible plate 305 is made of elastic rubber material, which has good flexibility and elasticity, can fit closely to the irregular surface of the top of the tunnel, and achieve uniform support. The two adjacent flexible plates 305 are rotatably connected to each other on one side thereof, wherein the axis pin 306 of one flexible plate 305 is rotatably provided with a rotating piece 307, and a first slide groove 308 is provided on the rotating piece 307, and a rotating bar 309 is rotatably provided at both ends of the axis pin 306 of the other flexible plate 305, and a second slide bar 310 is fixedly provided between the two rotating bars 309, and the outer wall of the second slide bar 310 is slidably matched with the inner wall of the first slide groove 308. When the flexible plate 305 is subjected to pressure of different directions and magnitudes, When the flexible plates 305 are in a state of being moved relative to each other, the rotation of the rotating piece 307 and the rotating bar 309 and the sliding of the second sliding rod 310 in the first sliding groove 308 can further adapt to the complex shape of the tunnel top and enhance the support effect. In addition, the flexible plate 305 is provided with an anti-slip groove 7 on the side facing the tunnel top. The anti-slip groove 7 is a wavy raised structure, which can significantly increase the friction between the flexible plate 305 and the tunnel top, effectively preventing the support component 3 from slipping during the support process and ensuring the stability of the support structure.

[0021] Furthermore, two anti-shrinkage damping components 4 are installed on the support base 1, and the two anti-shrinkage damping components 4 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hydraulic push rod 2. The anti-shrinkage damping components 4 are used to suppress the retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2 when it is compressed, thereby ensuring the stability of the support structure when it is under pressure.

[0022] Specifically, the anti-shrinkage damping assembly 4 includes two upper and lower fixing rods 401. The top end of the upper fixing rod 401 is fixedly connected to the first support plate 301, and the bottom end of the lower fixing rod 401 is fixedly connected to the support base 1. The ends of the upper and lower fixing rods 401 that are close to each other are each provided with a plug-in slot 402, and a sliding member 403 is inserted into each plug-in slot 402. The outer wall of the fixing rod 401 is fixed to the sliding member 403 by a first bolt 404, so that the sliding member 403 can be detachably mounted on the fixing rod 401. Second support plates 405 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the fixed rod 401 below, and the bottom of the second support plate 405 is fixedly set on the support seat 1, and the inner wall of the second support plate 405 is inserted with an insertion rod 406; two friction members 407 are symmetrically arranged between the two second support plates 405, and second sliding grooves 408 are opened on the side walls of the two friction members 407. The friction members 407 slide with the outer side walls of the adjacent insertion rod 406 through the second sliding grooves 408, so that the friction members 407 can slide axially on the insertion rod 406.

[0023] The opposing sides of the two friction members 407 are in contact with the upper and lower sliding members 403, and the contact points between the friction members 407 and the sliding members 403 are both arranged in a trapezoidal tooth shape. This tooth structure can increase the friction between the two, effectively inhibiting the retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2. The outer wall of the insertion rod 406 is sheathed with a number of butterfly springs 409. One end of the butterfly spring 409 is in contact with the friction member 407, and the other end is in contact with the second support plate 405. The end of the insertion rod 406 away from the butterfly spring 409 is fixed to the second support plate 405 by a second bolt 410. When subjected to pressure, the butterfly spring 409 will deform, generating elastic force, pushing the friction member 407 to closely contact the sliding member 403, further enhancing the anti-shrinkage damping effect.

[0024] Furthermore, a lubrication component 5 is installed on the second support plate 405. The lubrication component 5 is used to lubricate the anti-shrinkage damping component 4, thereby reducing the wear of the anti-shrinkage damping component 4 during operation and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0025] Specifically, the lubrication assembly 5 includes a third support plate 501, which is fixedly arranged on one side of the second support plate 405. A bearing groove is provided on the third support plate 501. The inner wall of the bearing groove is used to place a tank body 502. The tank body 502 is used to store lubricating oil. A sliding sheet 503 is slidably provided on the inner wall of the tank body 502. The sliding sheet 503 is provided with a plurality of through holes 504. The lubricating oil can flow in the tank body 502 through these through holes 504. The inner wall of the tank body 502 is connected to an oil outlet pipe 505. The oil outlet pipe 505 is made of flexible rubber material, and a flow control valve is provided at the outlet of the oil outlet pipe 505 to adjust the flow of the lubricating oil according to actual needs. The outlet of the oil outlet pipe 505 is located at the joint of the friction member 407 and the sliding member 403.

[0026] An oil filling hole is provided on the top of the tank body 502 to facilitate the replenishment of lubricating oil into the tank body 502. A connecting rod 601 is fixedly provided on the sliding piece 503. The connecting rod 601 is movable through the tank body 502 and is fixed to the outer wall of the sliding member 403 by a third bolt 602; when the sliding member 403 slides on the fixed rod 401, it will drive the connecting rod 601 and the sliding piece 503 to slide synchronously in the tank body 502, thereby squeezing the lubricating oil out of the tank body 502 and transporting it to the contact point between the friction member 407 and the sliding member 403 through the oil outlet pipe 505, thereby realizing automatic lubrication.

[0027] The specific working principle of the small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure proposed in this embodiment is as follows: In the initial state, the hydraulic push rod 2 extends, driving the support assembly 3 to rise, the flexible plate 305 contacts the top of the tunnel, and the spring 304 is in a natural state, initially supporting the tunnel. When the pressure from the top of the tunnel acts on the flexible plate 305, the flexible plate 305 compresses the spring 304 through the first slide bar 303, and the spring 304 absorbs the impact force. At the same time, the flexible plate 305 cooperates with the rotating piece 307, the rotating bar 309 and the second slide bar 310 to adapt to the shape of the tunnel top and evenly distribute the supporting force.

[0028] As the pressure increases, the hydraulic push rod 2 is compressed and retracted, triggering the anti-shrinkage damping component 4 to work, and the sliding part 403 slides on the fixed rod 401. The friction part 407 and the trapezoidal tooth structure of the sliding part 403 generate friction, which inhibits the retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2. The butterfly spring 409 further enhances the anti-shrinkage effect. During the retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2, the sliding part 403 drives the sliding piece 503 of the lubrication component 5 to move, squeezes out the lubricating oil and transports it to the friction part of the anti-shrinkage damping component 4, realizing automatic lubrication and reducing component wear. Through such a working mechanism, this support structure can continuously and stably support the top of the tunnel effectively in a complex tunnel environment, ensuring the safe and smooth progress of coal mining.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a method for supporting a small coal pillar along a goaf, which further includes the following steps: S1: First, start the hydraulic system to extend the hydraulic push rod 2, driving the support assembly 3 to rise until the flexible plate 305 is in close contact with the top of the tunnel. At this time, the spring 304 in the support assembly 3 is in the initial state, and the flexible plate 305 relies on its own elasticity and anti-slip grooves 7 to fit with the top of the tunnel to provide preliminary support for the tunnel. In this process, the rotating piece 307 and the rotating bar 309 between the flexible plate 305 and the second slide bar 310 will automatically adjust their positions according to the shape of the tunnel top to ensure that the flexible plate 305 can evenly distribute the supporting force and preliminarily stabilize the tunnel top.

[0030] S2: As the pressure at the top of the tunnel gradually increases, the hydraulic push rod 2 begins to retract under pressure. At this time, the anti-shrinkage damping component 4 comes into play, and the retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2 drives the first support plate 301 to move downward, thereby causing the sliding member 403 to slide in the insertion groove 402 of the fixed rod 401. Due to the trapezoidal tooth fit between the friction member 407 and the sliding member 403, a large friction force is generated between the two, which effectively suppresses the retraction of the hydraulic push rod 2. At the same time, the butterfly spring 409 is deformed under the extrusion of the friction member 407, generating elastic force, further pushing the friction member 407 to fit closely with the sliding member 403, enhancing the anti-shrinkage damping effect, further supporting the support component 3, and ensuring the stability of the tunnel top.

[0031] S3: During the process of the hydraulic push rod 2 being compressed and retracted, the sliding member 403 drives the connecting rod 601 and the sliding plate 503 to slide in the tank body 502. As the sliding plate 503 moves, the lubricating oil is squeezed out through the through hole 504 on its surface and transported to the contact point between the friction member 407 and the sliding member 403 through the oil outlet pipe 505. The flow rate of the lubricating oil can be adjusted by the flow control valve to ensure that the anti-shrinkage damping component 4 is fully lubricated during operation, reduce the wear between the two, extend the service life of the anti-shrinkage damping component 4, and ensure the long-term stable operation of the support structure.

[0032] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that includes a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0033] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with a specific preferred embodiment. It cannot be considered that the specific embodiments of the present invention are limited to this. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, they can make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the present invention, which should be regarded as belonging to the scope of patent protection determined by the submitted claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A small coal pillar goaf-side tunnel support structure, comprising a support seat (1) and a hydraulic push rod (2), wherein the hydraulic push rod (2) is fixedly arranged on the support seat (1), and a support assembly (3) is fixedly installed on the extended end of the hydraulic push rod (2), and the support assembly (3) is used to support the tunnel top; characterized in that, Anti-shrinkage damping components (4) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the hydraulic push rod (2); the anti-shrinkage damping components (4) are used to suppress the amount of retraction of the hydraulic push rod (2) when it is compressed; the anti-shrinkage damping components (4) include a second support plate (405), a friction member (407) and two upper and lower fixed rods (401), the top end of the upper fixed rod (401) is fixedly connected to the support assembly (3), and the bottom end of the lower fixed rod (401) is fixedly connected to the support seat (1); the ends of the upper and lower fixed rods (401) that are close to each other are both connected There is a sliding member (403); second support plates (405) are symmetrically installed on both sides of the fixed rod (401) below, and the bottom of the second support plate (405) is fixedly set on the support seat (1), and a friction member (407) is symmetrically arranged between the two second support plates (405); the opposite sides of the two friction members (407) are both in contact with the upper and lower sliding members (403); a lubrication component (5) is installed on the second support plate (405), and the anti-shrinkage damping component (4) is lubricated by the lubrication component (5).

2. A small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inserting groove (402) is provided at one end of the upper and lower fixing rods (401) close to each other. A sliding member (403) is inserted into each of the two inserting grooves (402). The outer side wall of the fixing rod (401) and the sliding member (403) are fixed by a first bolt (404).

3. The small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: An insertion rod (406) is inserted into the inner wall of the second support plate (405); a second sliding groove (408) is opened on the side walls of the two friction members (407), and the friction members (407) slide with the outer side walls of the adjacent insertion rods (406) through the second sliding groove (408), so that the friction members (407) can slide axially on the insertion rods (406).

4. A small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer wall of the insertion rod (406) is provided with a plurality of butterfly springs (409), one end of the butterfly spring (409) is in contact with the friction member (407), and the other end is in contact with the second support plate (405), and the end of the insertion rod (406) away from the butterfly spring (409) is fixed to the second support plate (405) by a second bolt (410).

5. The small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The contact portions between the friction member (407) and the sliding member (403) are both arranged in a trapezoidal tooth shape.

6. The small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating assembly (5) comprises a tank body (502) for storing lubricating oil, a sliding sheet (503) is slidably provided on the inner wall of the tank body (502), a plurality of through holes (504) are provided on the sliding sheet (503), an oil outlet pipe (505) is connected to the inner wall of the tank body (502), and the outlet of the oil outlet pipe (505) is located at the joint between the friction member (407) and the sliding member (403); a connecting rod (601) is fixedly provided on the sliding sheet (503), and the connecting rod (601) is movable through the tank body (502) and is fixed to the outer wall of the sliding member (403) by a third bolt (602).

7. A small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The lubrication assembly (5) further comprises a third support plate (501), the third support plate (501) being fixedly arranged on one side of the second support plate (405), a bearing groove being provided on the third support plate (501), and the tank body (502) being placed in the bearing groove; a flow control valve is provided at the outlet of the oil outlet pipe (505).

8. The small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (3) includes a first support plate (301), which is fixedly arranged on the protruding end of the hydraulic push rod (2). A plurality of sleeves (302) are evenly distributed and fixedly arranged on the surface of the first support plate (301). A first slide bar (303) is slidably arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (302). A spring (304) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (302). One end of the first slide bar (303) close to the spring (304) is in close contact with the spring (304). The same flexible plate (305) is fixedly arranged on the end of the first slide bar (303) in the same row away from the spring (304).

9. The small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two adjacent flexible plates (305) are rotatably connected to each other on one side thereof, wherein the axial pin (306) of one flexible plate (305) is rotatably provided with a rotating piece (307), and a first sliding groove (308) is provided on the rotating piece (307), and rotating bars (309) are rotatably provided at both ends of the axial pin (306) of the other flexible plate (305), and a second sliding rod (310) is fixedly provided between the two rotating bars (309), and an outer wall of the second sliding rod (310) is slidably matched with an inner wall of the first sliding groove (308).

10. A method for supporting a small coal pillar along a gob, characterized in that: A small coal pillar gob-side roadway support structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, and The following steps are involved: S1: First, the tunnel top is initially supported by the support assembly (3); S2: The support assembly (3) is then further supported by the anti-retraction damping assembly (4), and the retraction amount of the hydraulic push rod (2) when it is compressed is suppressed; S3: The lubricating component (5) uses the retraction amount of the hydraulic push rod (2) to discharge lubricating oil to lubricate the anti-shrinkage damping component (4), thereby reducing the wear of the anti-shrinkage damping component (4) during damping.

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