A wind power blade icing experiment device and centrifugal deicing control method

Abstract

The application provides a wind power blade icing experiment device and a centrifugal deicing control method, and belongs to the technical field of wind turbine operation and maintenance. The device can at least partially solve the problems of the existing icing experiment device, such as lack of multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and real-time data processing capability, resulting in insufficient accuracy and repeatability of test results, and the control method fails to fully consider the blade structure, ice layer distribution and coating characteristics, and lacks real-time data feedback and safety constraint mechanism. In the process of improving the rotating speed, strain calibration or state classification judgment is not performed, which is easy to cause problems such as blade overspeed operation, structural damage and even safety risk. The application comprises a test bench, a wind turbine and a dynamic monitoring system. The control method measures the parameters such as the rotating speed of the blade, the thickness of the ice layer and the adhesion strength in real time, calculates the centrifugal force and the adhesion force, and introduces a safety factor and a strain threshold for double determination, so as to determine whether to improve the rotating speed to realize deicing.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of wind turbine operation and maintenance, and particularly relates to a wind turbine blade icing experiment device and a centrifugal deicing control method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of wind power technology, wind power is increasingly widely used in cold and high-altitude areas. However, wind turbine blades are easily affected by icing during winter operation. Ice accumulation not only seriously reduces the aerodynamic performance and power generation efficiency of the blades, but also may cause structural vibration, wind turbine shutdown and even safety accidents, thereby restricting the stable operation of the wind power system.

[0003] In the prior art, research on wind power icing mainly focuses on three aspects: deicing material development, control strategy design and test platform construction. However, there are still at least the following problems:

[0004] Currently commonly used icing experiment platforms mostly rely on closed or semi-closed wind tunnels for environmental simulation, using low-temperature airflow and water mist to form an icing environment. Although such devices can reproduce the icing process to some extent, they have the problems of large equipment size, high cost, inconvenience of blade replacement, and poor adaptability to different blade lengths, installation angles and coating types. At the same time, most existing devices rely on a single sensor or manual observation for ice layer shedding detection, lack multi-parameter collaborative monitoring and real-time data processing capability, resulting in insufficient accuracy and repeatability of test results.

[0005] Deicing is a process of removing ice layer by increasing the speed of the blade so that the ice layer overcomes the adhesion under the action of centrifugal force. Existing methods are mostly based on theoretical calculation and simplified assumptions, and do not consider the shape of the blade, the distribution of the ice layer and the characteristics of the coating, and usually do not introduce real-time monitoring data for dynamic correction. In addition, some methods lack safety state evaluation and strain threshold constraints in the process of increasing the speed, which may cause the blade to run at an excessive speed, damage the mechanical structure and even cause safety accidents. SUMMARY

[0006] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art, and provides a wind turbine blade icing experiment device, comprising a test bed for realizing environmental simulation and data collection, a wind turbine and a dynamic monitoring system for detecting and displaying the working state of the icing experiment device;

[0007] The test bed comprises a bearing platform, an operating platform and a sensing assembly for collecting data, and the sensing assembly comprises a rain amount sensing assembly and an integrated temperature and humidity sensor assembly.

[0008] The wind turbine comprises a support platform, and a hub for mounting the blade to be tested is arranged on the support platform, and the hub is drivingly connected to a hub driving device.

[0009] The dynamic monitoring system comprises a visual monitoring assembly, which comprises a high-speed camera provided with a laser detection assembly at a lower end thereof.

[0010] Optionally, the hub driving device comprises a motor installed in a cabin at an upper end of the support platform and an electrical control device electrically connected with the motor.

[0011] Preferably, the electrical control device comprises an electrical box, a rotating speed adjusting knob, a stop button, a start button and an emergency stop button are installed on one side of the electrical box, a power supply module and a speed adjusting driving module are arranged in the electrical box, and the electrical box is electrically connected with the cabin through wires.

[0012] Preferably, a bearing platform is installed inside the test bed, the bearing platform comprises a first bearing platform for weighing the to-be-tested blade in a horizontal and inclined direction and a second bearing platform for weighing the to-be-tested blade in a horizontal, inclined and vertical direction; and an operation platform is installed inside the test bed, a containing groove is arranged inside the operation platform, one end of the rainfall sensing assembly is hinged in the containing groove, a first screen is installed on one side of the containing groove, and a receiving hole for placing the integrated temperature and humidity sensor assembly is arranged at an upper end of the operation platform.

[0013] Optionally, an integrated storage unit is installed at lower ends of the bearing platform and the operation platform, and a moving assembly is installed at a lower end of the test bed.

[0014] Optionally, the support platform comprises a tower drum and a support, a top end of the tower drum is fixedly connected with the cabin, both ends of the support are fixedly connected with the tower drum and a base respectively, and a center of the base is fixedly connected with the tower drum.

[0015] Optionally, the hub is provided with a fastening connection structure for cooperating with a root structure of the to-be-tested blade.

[0016] Preferably, a second screen is installed on one side of the visual monitoring assembly, a switch is installed on one side of the visual monitoring assembly, and a detection system support is arranged at a lower end of the visual monitoring assembly, the detection system support comprises a detection system support rod and three detection system support arms symmetrically distributed at an angle of 120°, and an upper end of the detection system support rod is fixedly connected with the visual monitoring assembly.

[0017] A wind power blade centrifugal deicing control method, the specific steps are as follows:

[0018] Step S101: initializing the simulation environment test system, installing the wind turbine blades required for the experiment and starting the unit, the blades comprising blank blades and multiple groups of blades with different coatings;

[0019] Step S102: Start the multi-parameter environment simulation cabin, start the environment simulation, set the parameters, including temperature and rainfall, use the sensor assembly to read the environmental parameters and compare with the set parameters, when each environmental measured parameter reaches the expectation, output the environment ready signal;

[0020] Step S103: Start the ice layer shedding monitoring system, to fix the detection interval Periodically collect and obtain real-time data, = 10 seconds, and store the data set obtained in each period to the launch area, the data including:

[0021] The real-time rotating speed detected and output by the encoder of the main shaft of the ice layer shedding monitoring system ;

[0022] The ice layer thickness detected and output by the laser displacement sensor ;

[0023] The radial distance from the ice layer to the blade root measured by the positioning device ;

[0024] Divide the detection area at uniform intervals in the length direction of the blade , = 0.2 meters, each detection area corresponds to a group , , Data to support spatial distribution analysis of centrifugal ice shedding conditions;

[0025] According to the real-time data obtained by the ice layer shedding monitoring system, calculate the centrifugal force of the ice in the detection area , ;

[0026] Wherein, is the centrifugal force of the ice layer in the detection area, is the mass of the ice layer in the detection area, is the angular velocity of the ice layer in the detection area, angular velocity , is the density of the ice layer, is the area of the ice layer in the detection area, is the thickness of the ice layer in the detection area, is the distance from the ice layer to the blade root;

[0027] Calculate the adhesion of the ice layer in the detection area , ;

[0028] Wherein, is the area of the ice layer in the detection area, The adhesion strength of the coating and the ice interface;

[0029] The ice layer needs to meet the centrifugal force greater than the adhesion of the ice and the coating interface , That is ;

[0030] Wherein, is the centrifugal force, is the adhesion between the ice and the coating interface;

[0031] Step S104: Safety state grading judgment; define safety factor , ;

[0032] Step S105: Strain double verification, calculate the dynamic strain of the ice layer at the rotating speed , the strain calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] ;

[0034] Wherein, is the strain of the ice layer under the centrifugal load, is the stress per unit area of the ice layer, is the elastic modulus constant of the ice, is the corresponding angular velocity when the ice layer reaches the ice shedding condition;

[0035] The condition for the ice layer to break is > , if it meets > , the ice shedding is realized at the critical rotating speed, otherwise auxiliary ice shedding is performed;

[0036] Wherein, is the strain of the ice layer under the centrifugal load, is the critical strain threshold of the ice.

[0037] Preferably, the safety state grading judgment of step S104 includes the following steps:

[0038] Step S201: According to the data of each monitoring point obtained by the dynamic monitoring system in the current period, if all the monitoring point data meet the safety factor , and , the current rotating speed is maintained and the ice layer condition is continued to be detected;

[0039] And, when , the fan blade maintains the current rotating speed and the ice layer will not fall off;

[0040] wherein is the ice layer thickness threshold value pre-labeled according to predetermined criteria under the current coating type and environmental conditions, the environmental conditions including temperature, rainfall and icing intensity, and the blade position interval;

[0041] The threshold value is a fixed constant used in the current control and determination period under the same coating and working conditions. When the coating type or environmental conditions change, the threshold value must be re-labeled and updated according to the same method;

[0042] The threshold value labeling principle is: = 1.2 as the centrifugal trigger criterion, taking the supremum of the minimum thickness that can trigger the de-icing possibility under the given false alarm risk constraint, denoted as ;

[0043] Step S202: According to the monitoring point data obtained by the dynamic monitoring system in the current period, if there is monitoring point data that satisfies the safety factor , the current rotating speed is maintained, and the centrifugal force can trigger the de-icing event;

[0044] Step S203: According to the monitoring point data obtained by the dynamic monitoring system in the current period, if there is monitoring point data that satisfies the safety factor , but , the rotating speed is increased to the critical rotating speed , and the calculation formula of the critical rotating speed is:

[0045] , wherein = 1.2.

[0046] The beneficial effects of the wind power blade icing experiment device and the centrifugal de-icing control method according to the embodiment of the application are as follows:

[0047] Through the multi-parameter environmental simulation system, the temperature, humidity and rainfall conditions of the experimental environment can be accurately controlled, the high fidelity of the wind power blade icing process is realized, and the reliability of the experimental data is improved.

[0048] The dynamic monitoring system integrates a high-speed camera, a laser ranging and a multi-parameter sensor, and realizes real-time monitoring and accurate determination of the whole process of icing and de-icing by combining a data processing algorithm.

[0049] In addition, the centrifugal de-icing determination algorithm is based on the dynamic comparison of ice layer centrifugal force and adhesion force, and introduces a safety factor and a strain double verification mechanism, effectively avoiding false positives and false negatives, and improving the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] Figure 1 It is the overall structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0051] Figure 2 It is the wind turbine structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0052] Figure 3 It is the fixed plate structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0053] Figure 4 It is the blade structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0054] Figure 5 It is the hub structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0055] Figure 6 It is the electrical control device structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0056] Figure 7 It is the tower tube structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0057] Figure 8 It is the detection system support structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0058] Figure 9 It is the visual monitoring component structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0059] Figure 10 It is the test bench structure schematic diagram of the experimental device of the present application;

[0060] Figure 11 It is the centrifugal ice removal control method flow chart.

[0061] Wherein: 100 test bench; 110 bearing platform; 120 first bearing platform; 130 second bearing platform; 200 operation platform; 210 rainfall sensing component; 213 accommodating groove; 220 integrated temperature and humidity sensor component; 229 storage hole; 230 first screen; 300 integrated storage unit; 400 moving component; 500 wind turbine; 510 support platform; 511 tower tube; 512 support; 513 nacelle; 514 wire; 515 base; 520 blade; 521 fixing device; 522 fixed plate; 523 blade screw hole; 530 hub; 531 hub screw hole; 532 central screw hole; 533 mounting groove; 540 electrical control device; 541 rotating speed adjusting knob; 542 stop button; 543 start button; 544 emergency stop button; 545 electrical box; 600 dynamic monitoring system; 610 visual monitoring component; 611 high-speed camera; 612 switch; 613 laser detection component; 614 second screen; 620 detection system support; 621 detection system support rod; 622 detection system support arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0063] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1-10 The icing experiment device for wind power blades of the present application comprises a test bench 100 for realizing environmental simulation and data collection, a wind turbine 500, and a dynamic monitoring system 600 for detecting and displaying the working state of the icing experiment device;

[0064] The test bench 100 comprises a bearing platform 110, an operation platform 200, and a sensing assembly for collecting data, wherein the sensing assembly comprises a rainfall sensing assembly 210 and an integrated temperature and humidity sensor assembly 220.

[0065] The bearing platform 110 further comprises a first bearing platform 120 and a second bearing platform 130; the first bearing platform 120 is used for weighing the blade to be tested 520 in the horizontal and inclined directions, and the second bearing platform 130 is used for weighing in the horizontal, inclined, and vertical directions, both of which are fixed to the internal frame of the test bench 100 by bolts.

[0066] In addition, the operation platform 200 is internally provided with a containing groove 213, one end of the rainfall sensing assembly 210 is hinged in the containing groove 213; a first screen 230 is embedded on one side of the containing groove 213, which is used for displaying the environmental data collected by the rainfall sensing assembly 210 and the integrated temperature and humidity sensor assembly 220 in real time.

[0067] The wind turbine 500 comprises a support platform 510, which is provided with a hub 530 for installing the blade to be tested 520, and the hub 530 is drivingly connected to a hub driving device; the hub 530 is provided with a fastening connection structure for cooperating with the root structure of the blade to be tested 520.

[0068] The root of the blade to be tested 520 is provided with a fixing device 521 for connecting the hub 530, the fixing device 521 comprises a fixing plate 522 and a blade screw hole 523, the fixing plate 522 is provided with two blade screw holes 523 matched with hub screw holes 531, and the blade screw holes 523 and the hub screw holes 531 are fixed by bolts; the hub 530 comprises hub screw holes 531, a central screw hole 532, and mounting grooves 533, the hub 530 comprises three mounting grooves 533 for connecting the root fixing device 521 of the blade 520, each mounting groove 533 comprises two hub screw holes 531 matched with the blade screw holes 523, and the central screw hole 532 is used for fixing the hub 530 to one side of the nacelle 513.

[0069] The support platform 510 comprises a vertically arranged tower drum 511, the top end of the tower drum 511 is connected with the nacelle 513, the outer wall of the tower drum 511 is fixedly connected with a support 512, the two ends of the support 512 are respectively welded and fixed with the tower drum 511 and a horizontally arranged base 515, and the center of the base 515 is connected with the bottom end of the tower drum 511, so as to improve the stability of the whole.

[0070] The dynamic monitoring system 600 comprises a visual monitoring assembly 610, the visual monitoring assembly 610 comprises a high-speed camera 611, and the lower end of the high-speed camera 611 is provided with a laser detection assembly 613.

[0071] The high-speed camera 611 is an imaging device for capturing the icing state of the blade 520 in the rotating process, and the high-speed camera 611 can still realize a collection frame rate of not less than 500 frames / s and an image resolution of 1280*720 under the condition that the rotating speed of the blade 520 reaches 80-150 r / min and the tip speed is not less than 40 m / s.

[0072] The front surface of the visual monitoring assembly 610 is embedded with a second screen 614, which is used for displaying the image collected by the high-speed camera 611 and the ice layer thickness data measured by the laser detection assembly 613 in real time; and one side of the visual monitoring assembly 610 is further provided with a switch 612, which is used for controlling the power on / off of the visual monitoring assembly 610.

[0073] In addition, the lower end of the visual monitoring assembly 610 is provided with a detection system support 620, the detection system support 620 comprises a detection system support rod 621 and three detection system support arms 622 which are symmetrically distributed at an angle of 120°, the three detection system support arms 622 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the detection system support rod 621, and the upper end of the detection system support rod 621 is fixedly connected with the visual monitoring assembly 610, so as to form stable support for the visual monitoring assembly 610.

[0074] As shown in FIG. 5, Figure 6 The electrical control device 540 is arranged outside the nacelle 513, and the device comprises an electrical box 545, one side of the electrical box 545 is sequentially provided with a rotating speed adjusting knob 541, a stop button 542, a start button 543 and an emergency stop button 544, which are respectively used for realizing the functions of rotating speed adjustment, stopping running, starting running and emergency stopping.

[0075] The electrical box 545 is electrically connected with the driving and control system of the motor in the nacelle 513 through the wire 514, so as to realize the control and monitoring of the running state of the wind turbine 500.

[0076] The integrated storage unit 300 is arranged at the lower end of the bearing platform 110 and the operation platform 200, and is used for storing experimental tools, test blades 520 and backup sensors; a set of moving assemblies 400 is installed at each of the four corners of the lower end of the test bench 100, and the moving assembly 400 is a universal caster with a brake, so as to realize overall pushing and positioning of the experimental device.

[0077] The operation steps of the wind power blade icing experimental device are as follows:

[0078] Firstly, the test bench 100 is placed in a stable working area with power supply conditions, and the second bearing platform 130 is unfolded and adjusted to be horizontal. According to the test requirements, the bearing cross bar can be rotated to change the angle of the platform, so as to meet the horizontal or inclined installation conditions.

[0079] Subsequently, the target coating sample is placed on the weighing plate surface for initial weighing operation. For the sample to be installed vertically, a light plastic clamp can be used for clamping and fixing, and the sample is hung on the hook position of the test bench 100, so as to keep the installation posture stable.

[0080] After the sample installation is completed, the temperature and humidity sensor assembly 220 is pulled out in sequence, and the temperature and humidity measuring meter is rotated to be horizontal with the front telescopic arm. The rain sensor assembly 210 is rotated to the working position at the same time, and the direction thereof is perpendicular to the direction of the bearing cross bar, so as to optimize the sampling efficiency.

[0081] Subsequently, the electrical control device 540 is operated, the start button 543 is pressed to start the equipment, and the rotating speed adjusting knob 541 is rotated to make the blade 520 reach the set rotating speed. The dynamic monitoring system 600 receives the rotating speed, ice layer thickness, environmental temperature and humidity and rainfall intensity parameters of the blade 520 collected by the test bench 100 in real time.

[0082] After the test is completed, the rotating speed adjusting knob 541 is returned to zero, the stop button 542 is pressed to turn off the equipment. At the same time, the second bearing platform 130 is folded and locked, and the sample removal and equipment cleaning are completed. After the surface of the rain measuring meter is wiped with a dry cotton swab, the sensor assembly 210 is rotated back to the original position containing groove 213. Finally, the temperature and humidity sensor assembly 220 is retracted and returned to the storage hole 229, and the equipment reset is completed.

[0083] In order to facilitate the implementation of those skilled in the art, three groups of representative experimental data and determination processes are listed on the basis of the foregoing device and method S101-S105;

[0084] As shown in the following table, the ice density is taken as 0.9 kg / m3, the detection area is 0.5 m2, and the ice layer thickness threshold is 0.5 cm. Figure 11 ​​​​m, angular velocity converted to ; unit is: r / min, rad / s, force is N, stress and elastic modulus are Pa.

[0085] Example 1:

[0086] Under the condition that the ambient temperature is about -20°C, the total length of the blade is 1.04 m, and the blade sprayed with the super-hydrophobic coating is selected to carry out the test at a distance of m from the blade root m; the ice layer thickness is measured in real time m, the rotating speed r / min, and the angular velocity rad / s is calculated accordingly.

[0087] The centrifugal force of the ice in the detection area is:

[0088] ;

[0089] The interfacial adhesion strength between the coating and the ice is calibrated as Pa;

[0090] Then the adhesion is:

[0091] ;

[0092] Therefore, the safety factor is:

[0093] ;

[0094] According to the determination rules of S104 and S202, the current rotating speed can be maintained to trigger the centrifugal ice removal, without the need to increase the speed; this conclusion is consistent with the condition of , but since is not less than the trigger threshold value, there is no need to enter the critical rotating speed calculation process.

[0095] Example 2:

[0096] Under the condition that the ambient temperature is about -20°C, the total length of the blade is 1.04 m, and the blade sprayed with the super-hydrophobic coating is selected to carry out the test at a distance of m from the blade root m; the ice layer thickness is measured in real time m, the rotating speed r / min, and the angular velocity rad / s is calculated accordingly.

[0097] The calculation result is:

[0098] ;

[0099] ;

[0100] ;

[0101] According to S104 and S202, the centrifugal force at the current rotating speed can trigger ice shedding without the need to increase the rotating speed. Compared with the first embodiment, the increase in radius improves the contribution of the term , making further increase.

[0102] Embodiment Three:

[0103] At an ambient temperature of about -20°C, the total length of the blade is 1.04 m, and a coating with higher adhesion strength (calibrated Pa) is used for testing at m; the actual measured m, r / min, rad / s;

[0104] Substituting the calculation gives:

[0105] ;

[0106]

[0107] ;

[0108] Since , and , the critical rotating speed calculation is entered according to S104 and S203; the trigger criterion =1.2, and from , we have:

[0109]

[0110] Substituting the data gives:

[0111] ;

[0112] Further, the strain is verified according to S105, and the elastic modulus of ice is taken as Pa, and the dynamic strain is:

[0113] ;

[0114] Since , it is determined that ice shedding can be achieved when the rotating speed is increased to r / min; if the site is limited and cannot be increased to , the auxiliary ice shedding process can be entered according to the experimental scheme.

[0115] The above three embodiments cover two key working conditions of maintaining the rotating speed for ice shedding and increasing the rotating speed to the critical rotating speed for ice shedding, and verify that the centrifugal force at the current rotating speed can trigger ice shedding without the need to increase the rotating speed. The core of the determination and the double-check logic with constraints.

[0116] It should be noted that the numerical parameters are used to illustrate the feasibility and implementation path of the present application, and do not limit the protection scope of the present application; under the premise of not departing from the essence of the present application, the coating type, threshold setting, sampling interval and spatial sampling interval, material constant, etc. can be adjusted or calibrated according to the site working condition and equipment capacity.

[0117] In summary, the embodiments of the present disclosure have at least the following technical effects:

[0118] Through the multi-parameter environment simulation system, the temperature, humidity and rainfall conditions of the experimental environment can be accurately controlled, the icing process of the wind turbine blade is realized with high fidelity, and the reliability of the experimental data is improved.

[0119] Among them, the dynamic monitoring system integrates high-speed cameras, laser ranging and multi-parameter sensors, and realizes real-time monitoring and accurate determination of the whole process of icing and deicing by combining data processing algorithms.

[0120] Moreover, the centrifugal deicing determination algorithm is based on the dynamic comparison of ice layer centrifugal force and adhesion force, and introduces a safety factor and a strain double-checking mechanism, effectively avoiding misjudgment and omission, and improving the accuracy and repeatability of experimental results.

[0121] It can be understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments adopted to illustrate the principles of the present application, but the present application is not limited thereto. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the spirit and essence of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered as the protection scope of the present application.​

Claims

1. An icing experiment device for wind power blades, characterized in that, The test bench (100) for realizing environmental simulation and data collection, a wind turbine (500), and a dynamic monitoring system (600) for detecting and displaying the working state of the icing experiment device are included. The test bench (100) includes a bearing platform (110), an operation platform (200), and a sensing assembly for collecting data, and the sensing assembly includes a rainfall sensing assembly (210) and an integrated temperature and humidity sensor assembly (220). The bearing platform (110) is installed inside the test bench (100), and the bearing platform (110) includes a first bearing platform (120) for weighing the horizontal and inclined directions of the blade (520) to be tested and a second bearing platform (130) for weighing the horizontal, inclined, and vertical directions of the blade (520) to be tested. The operation platform (200) is installed inside the test bench (100), and the operation platform (200) is provided with a receiving groove (213) inside, one end of the rainfall sensing assembly (210) is hinged in the receiving groove (213), a first screen (230) is installed on one side of the receiving groove (213), and a receiving hole (229) for placing the integrated temperature and humidity sensor assembly (220) is arranged at the upper end of the operation platform (200). The wind turbine (500) includes a support platform (510) provided with a hub (530) for installing the blade (520) to be tested, and the hub (530) is drivingly connected to a hub driving device.

2. The icing test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein The dynamic monitoring system (600) includes a visual monitoring assembly (610), and the visual monitoring assembly (610) includes a high-speed camera (611) provided with a laser detection assembly (613) at the lower end.

3. The icing test apparatus according to claim 2, wherein The hub driving device includes a motor installed in a cabin (513) at the upper end of the support platform (510) and an electrical control device (540) electrically connected to the motor.

4. The icing test apparatus of claim 1, wherein The electrical control device (540) includes an electrical box (545), and a rotating speed adjusting knob (541), a stop button (542), a start button (543), and an emergency stop button (544) are installed on one side of the electrical box (545).

5. The icing test apparatus of claim 1, wherein The electrical box (545) is provided with a power supply module and a speed regulation driving module, and the electrical box (545) is electrically connected to the cabin (513) through a wire (514).

6. The icing test apparatus of claim 1, wherein An integrated storage unit (300) is installed at the lower end of the bearing platform (110) and the operation platform (200), and a moving assembly (400) is installed at the lower end of the test bench (100). The support platform (510) includes a tower (511) and a bracket (512), the top end of the tower (511) is fixedly connected to the cabin (513), and the two ends of the bracket (512) are fixedly connected to the tower (511) and a base (515), respectively. The hub (530) is provided with a fastening connection structure for cooperating with the root structure of the blade (520) to be tested.

7. The icing test apparatus of claim 1, wherein One side of the visual monitoring component (610) is provided with a second screen (614), one side of the visual monitoring component (610) is provided with a switch (612), and the lower end of the visual monitoring component (610) is provided with a detection system support (620) comprising a detection system support rod (621) and three detection system support arms (622) symmetrically distributed at 120 degrees.

8. A wind turbine blade ice centrifugal de-icing control method, characterized by, The ice shedding control method is applied to the icing experimental device in any one of claims 1-7, and the steps are as follows: Step S101: initializing the environmental test system, installing the wind turbine blade required for the experiment, and starting the unit, wherein the blade comprises a blank blade and a plurality of different coating blades; Step S102: starting the multi-parameter environmental simulation cabin, starting the environmental simulation, setting the parameters, the parameters comprising temperature and rainfall, reading the environmental parameters by using the sensor assembly and comparing and calculating with the set parameters, and outputting an environmental readiness signal when each environmental measured parameter reaches the expectation; Step S103: Start the ice layer shedding monitoring system to detect at fixed intervals Periodically collect and acquire real-time data, = 10 seconds, and store the data set acquired each cycle to the sending area, which includes: the real-time rotation speed detected and output by the encoder of the main shaft of the ice layer shedding monitoring system ; Ice layer thickness detected and output by a laser displacement sensor ; Radial distance of ice layer to blade root measured by positioning device ; In the length direction of the blade at uniform intervals Divide the detection area, = 0.2 meters, each detection area corresponds to a group , , Data to support the spatial distribution analysis of the centrifugal ice shedding condition determination; According to the real-time data obtained by the ice layer shedding monitoring system, the centrifugal force of the ice in the detection area is calculated , ; wherein, is a centrifugal force of the ice layer in the detection area, is a mass of the ice layer in the detection area, is an angular velocity of the ice layer in the detection area, angular velocity , is a density of the ice layer, is an area of the ice layer in the detection area, is a thickness of the ice layer in the detection area, is a distance of the ice layer from the blade root; calculating the adhesion of the ice layer of the detection area , ; wherein, is the area of the ice layer in the detection region, is the adhesion strength of the coating to the ice interface; On a rotating blade, ice layer shedding needs to meet centrifugal force greater than the adhesion force of the ice to the coating interface , i.e. ; wherein is the centrifugal force, is the adhesion between the ice and the coating interface; Step S104: Security state grading judgment; define security factor ​​ Step S105: Strain double-checking, calculate the ice layer dynamic strain under the rotational speed The strain calculation formula is as follows: ； wherein, is the strain of the ice layer under the centrifugal load, is the stress per unit area of the ice layer, is the elastic modulus constant of the ice, is the corresponding angular velocity when the ice shedding condition is reached; The condition for the ice layer to break is If the condition is met, ice shedding is achieved at the critical speed, otherwise auxiliary ice shedding is performed.​​ wherein, is the strain generated by the ice layer under the centrifugal load, is the critical strain threshold value of the ice.

9. A wind turbine blade de-icing control method according to claim 8, wherein, The safety state grading judgment of step S104 comprises the following steps: Step S201: According to the monitoring point data acquired by the dynamic monitoring system in the current period, if all the monitoring point data meet the safety factor , and , the current rotating speed is kept and the ice layer condition continues to be detected. Also, the When the fan blade maintains the current rotating speed The ice layer does not fall off; wherein is the ice layer thickness threshold value pre-set according to predetermined criteria under the current coating type and environmental conditions, the environmental conditions including temperature, rainfall and icing intensity, and blade position interval; The threshold value is a fixed constant used in this control and determination cycle under the same coating and working condition; when the coating type or environmental working condition changes, the threshold value must be recalibrated and updated according to the same method; The threshold calibration principle is: taking =1.2 as the centrifugal trigger criterion, under the given false alarm risk constraint, taking the upper limit of the minimum thickness that can trigger the ice shedding possibility, denoted as ; Step S202: According to the monitoring point data obtained by the dynamic monitoring system in the current period, if there is monitoring point data satisfying the safety factor , the current rotating speed is kept , and the centrifugal force can trigger the ice shedding event. Step S203: According to the monitoring point data acquired by the dynamic monitoring system in the current period, if there is monitoring point data satisfying the safety factor , but , the rotating speed is increased to the critical rotating speed , the critical rotating speed is calculated by the following formula: wherein = 1.2.

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