Electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper

Abstract

This invention provides an electromagnetic force-variable gap magnetorheological damper, comprising a rotating shaft mounted through a cylinder via bearings; a rotating disk fixed on the rotating shaft; a floating disk mounted on the rotating shaft via end-face bearings, with a return spring between the end-face bearings and the rotating disk, resulting in an adjustable working gap between the floating disk and the rotating disk; and an excitation coil assembly mounted inside the cylinder, fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, surrounding the floating disk and the rotating disk. When the current in the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk moves away from the rotating disk, the working gap gradually increases, and the damping force decreases; conversely, when the current in the excitation coil assembly increases, the floating disk moves closer to the rotating disk, the working gap gradually decreases, and the damping force increases. Based on the magnetic effect principle of charged coils, this invention achieves real-time dynamic adjustment of the effective working flow channel width. It exhibits a smaller zero-field damping force, a larger maximum damping force, and a wider adjustable range, thus adapting to more complex application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of magnetorheological dampers, and particularly to an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, magnetorheological fluids are magnetically sensitive smart materials exhibiting the magnetorheological effect. The magnetorheological effect refers to the ability of a magnetorheological fluid to transform from a liquid to a near-solid state within milliseconds under the influence of an external magnetic field. A magnetorheological damper is a semi-active intelligent device designed based on the magnetorheological effect. By controlling the current in the excitation coil, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is altered, thereby achieving stepless adjustment of the damper's output force.

[0003] Research on magnetorheological dampers focuses on expanding their adjustable range, increasing their maximum output, reducing their response time, and establishing more accurate models. A larger adjustable range and higher maximum output enable magnetorheological dampers to be applicable to a wider range of scenarios.

[0004] Currently, a common method to expand the adjustable range of magnetorheological dampers is to increase the length of the effective working channel. However, this method does not significantly increase the adjustable range and has certain drawbacks. Increasing the effective working channel usually leads to a further increase in the overall size of the magnetorheological damper.

[0005] A common method to increase the maximum output of a magnetorheological damper is to reduce the width of the effective working channel. However, due to the influence of throttling damping force, a smaller channel width will cause the zero-field damping force to increase sharply, thereby reducing the adjustable range of the magnetorheological damper.

[0006] In the application of magnetorheological dampers, there are usually strict limitations on their size, adjustable range, maximum output, and minimum output. How to increase the adjustable range and maximum output of magnetorheological dampers while ensuring a sufficiently small minimum force and unchanged size is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0007] In view of this, the inventors of this application have designed an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper in order to overcome the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art in that it is impossible to increase the adjustable range and maximum output of the magnetorheological damper while ensuring that the minimum force is small enough and the external size remains unchanged, and to provide an electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper.

[0009] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solution:

[0010] This invention provides an electromagnetic force-varying gap magnetorheological damper, characterized in that the electromagnetic force-varying gap magnetorheological damper comprises:

[0011] A cylinder and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being mounted through the cylinder via bearings;

[0012] A rotating disk, fixed on the rotating shaft, is located inside the cylinder.

[0013] At least one floating disk is mounted on the rotating shaft via an end face bearing. A return spring is provided between the end face bearing and the rotating disk, so that there is an adjustable working gap between the floating disk and the rotating disk.

[0014] An excitation coil assembly is installed inside the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, surrounding the floating disk and the rotating disk.

[0015] When the current of the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk moves away from the rotating disk, causing the working gap to gradually increase and the damping force to decrease; when the current of the excitation coil assembly increases, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, the floating disk moves closer to the rotating disk, causing the working gap to gradually decrease and the damping force to increase.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the excitation coil assembly includes a magnetic isolation ring, a magnetic guide ring, and an excitation coil. The upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder. The outer side of the magnetic guide ring mates with the inner wall surface of the cylinder, and the inner side mates with the magnetic isolation ring. The excitation coil is installed between the magnetic isolation ring and the magnetic guide ring.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic isolation ring includes a magnetic ring body and a plurality of first protrusions, the first protrusions being respectively and spaced apart at the upper and lower ends of the magnetic ring body, and the first protrusions being engaged in the grooves at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the inner side of the magnetic ring is provided with a plurality of spaced second protrusions, and the side of the second protrusions cooperates with the side of the first protrusion.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first boss and the second boss are fan-shaped bosses, and the groove is a fan-shaped groove.

[0020] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper includes two floating disks located on the upper and lower sides of the rotating disk.

[0021] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the upper and lower ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with end caps, and the end caps are provided with magnetorheological fluid injection holes.

[0022] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall surface of the floating disk is provided with a third protrusion, and the side surface of the third protrusion is in clearance fit with the side surface of the first protrusion on the magnetic shielding ring, so that the floating disk can float up and down along the axial direction.

[0023] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the floating disk has flow holes for the flow of magnetorheological fluid.

[0024] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the cylinder, the magnetic ring, the floating disk and the rotating disk are all made of magnetically conductive material, while the end cap, the magnetic shielding ring and the rotating shaft are all made of non-magnetically conductive material.

[0025] The positive and progressive effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention has the following advantages:

[0027] I. Based on the magnetic effect principle of charged coils, real-time dynamic adjustment of the effective working flow channel width is realized.

[0028] Second, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper described herein uses the same coil to provide the excitation magnetic field for generating magnetorheological effect and electromagnetic attraction, eliminating the need for additional coils and resulting in a compact structure.

[0029] Third, compared with traditional magnetorheological dampers, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper has a smaller zero-field damping force, a larger maximum damping force, and a larger adjustable range, thus it can adapt to more complex application scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The above and other features, properties and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments, in which the same reference numerals always denote the same features, wherein:

[0031] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a front view of the end cap in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a top view of the end cap in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating disk in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the floating disk structure in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic isolation ring in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the magnetic ring structure in the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described in detail, examples of which are shown in the drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numerals will be used in all the drawings to denote the same or similar parts.

[0043] Furthermore, although the terminology used in this invention is selected from commonly known and used terms, some terms mentioned in this specification may have been selected by the applicant in his or her judgment, and their detailed meanings are explained in the relevant sections of the description herein.

[0044] Furthermore, the invention should be understood not only through the actual terminology used, but also through the meaning implied by each term.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 10 As shown, this invention provides an electromagnetic force-varying gap magnetorheological damper, comprising: a cylinder 10, a rotating shaft 20, a rotating disk 30, at least one floating disk 40, and an excitation coil assembly. The rotating shaft 20 is mounted through-hole within the cylinder 10 via a bearing 21. The bearing 21 is preferably a ball bearing, which positions and fixes the rotating shaft 20. The rotating disk 30 is fixed to the rotating shaft 20 and located within the cylinder 10. The rotating shaft 20 and the rotating disk 30 are connected by a key with an interference fit.

[0046] The floating disk 40 is mounted on the rotating shaft 20 via an end-face bearing 50. A return spring 51 is provided between the end-face bearing 50 and the rotating disk 30, providing an adjustable working clearance A between the floating disk 40 and the rotating disk 30. Preferably, the return spring 51 is a rectangular return spring, installed between the end-face bearing 50 and the shoulder of the rotating shaft 20, and has a certain pre-compression. The purpose of providing the end-face bearing 50 here is to avoid wear on the return spring 51 when the rotating shaft 20 drives the rotating disk 30 to rotate.

[0047] For example, in this embodiment, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper includes two floating disks 40, which are respectively arranged on the upper and lower sides of the rotating disk 30. Each floating disk 40 and the rotating disk 30 has an adjustable working gap A.

[0048] The cylinder 10 is provided with end caps 11 at its upper and lower ends, and magnetorheological fluid injection holes 12 are provided on the end caps 11 (e.g., Figure 2 , Figure 4 As shown), and sealed by plug 13. A ball bearing (i.e., bearing 21) is provided inside the end cover 11 and fixed by bearing end cover 22 (e.g., fixed by fastening bolt 23). The shaft 20 and the end cover 11 are sealed by O-ring 24. The end cover 11 is fixedly connected to the cylinder 10 and the bearing end cover 22, for example by screws.

[0049] The excitation coil assembly is installed inside the cylinder 10 and is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 10, surrounding the floating disk 40 and the rotating disk 30.

[0050] Preferably, the excitation coil assembly includes a magnetic isolation ring 60, a magnetic guide ring 70, and an excitation coil 80. The upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring 60 are fixedly connected to the end caps 11 of the upper and lower ends of the cylinder 10. The outer surface of the magnetic guide ring 70 mates with the inner wall surface of the cylinder 10, and the inner surface mates with the magnetic isolation ring 60. The excitation coil 80 is installed between the magnetic isolation ring 60 and the magnetic guide ring 70. Figure 2 As shown, the excitation coil 80 is wound in a rectangular groove composed of a magnetic shielding ring 60 and a magnetic conductor ring 70.

[0051] like Figure 4 and Figure 8 As shown, the magnetic isolation ring 60 includes a magnetic ring body 61 and a plurality of first protrusions 62. The first protrusions 62 are respectively installed at intervals at the upper and lower ends of the magnetic ring body 61, and the first protrusions 62 are engaged in the grooves 111 of the end cap 11.

[0052] The outer cylindrical surface of the magnetic ring 70 mates with the inner wall of the cylinder 10, and a plurality of spaced second protrusions 71 are provided on the inner surface of the magnetic ring 70. Preferably, the first protrusion 62 and the second protrusion 71 are fan-shaped protrusions, and the groove 111 is a fan-shaped groove.

[0053] For example, in this embodiment, the upper and lower ends of the magnetic shielding ring 60 are provided with a total of eight fan-shaped first protrusions 62, which are engaged in the fan-shaped grooves of the two end caps 11 and positioned and fixed by the two end caps 11. The inner surface of the magnetic guiding ring 70 is provided with two fan-shaped second protrusions 71 (e.g., ...). Figure 9 (As shown). Here, the side of the second boss 71 mates with the side of the first boss 62 of the magnetic shielding ring 60 and is fixed by the end cap 11.

[0054] like Figure 7 As shown, the outer wall of the floating disk 40 is provided with a fan-shaped third protrusion 41. The side of the third protrusion 41 and the side of the fan-shaped first protrusion 62 on the magnetic shielding ring 60 are in clearance fit, which allows the floating disk 40 to float up and down along the axial direction. The floating disk 40 is provided with a flow hole 42 to facilitate the entry of magnetorheological fluid into the effective working gap A.

[0055] As described above, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper in this embodiment is a rotary electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper. When the rotating disk 30 is driven to rotate by the rotating shaft 20 under the action of an external force, there is a relative shear motion between the rotating disk 30 and the floating disk 40. Under the action of the excitation magnetic field, the shear motion generates an adjustable damping force. The stronger the excitation magnetic field and the smaller the working gap A, the greater the adjustable damping force.

[0056] like Figure 10 As shown, the working principle of the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper in this embodiment is as follows: When the current of the excitation coil 80 decreases, under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 51, the floating disk 40 separates axially outward (i.e., away from the rotating disk 30). At this time, the effective working flow channel (i.e., the working gap A) is the widest, and the damping force is the smallest (zero field damping force). When the current of the excitation coil 80 increases, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, it overcomes the elastic force of the return spring 51, and the floating disk 40 moves axially inward (i.e., towards the rotating disk 30). The width of the effective working flow channel (i.e., the working gap A) gradually decreases, and the adjustable damping force gradually increases.

[0057] When the current in the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk 40 moves away from the rotating disk 30, causing the working gap to gradually increase and the damping force to decrease. When the current in the excitation coil assembly increases, under the action of electromagnetic attraction, the floating disk 40 moves closer to the rotating disk 30, causing the working gap to gradually decrease and the damping force to increase.

[0058] In this embodiment, the cylinder 10, magnetic ring 70, floating disk 40, and rotating disk 30 are all made of magnetically conductive material. The end cover 11, magnetic shielding ring 60, and rotating shaft 20 are all made of non-magnetically conductive material. The increased current in the excitation coil 80 provides the necessary excitation magnetic field to generate the magnetorheological effect and electromagnetic attraction. The excitation magnetic field forms a closed loop through the magnetic ring 70, cylinder 10, floating disk 40, effective working flow channel (i.e., working gap A), and rotating disk 30, and passes perpendicularly through the effective working flow channel (i.e., working gap A).

[0059] Therefore, the reason why the electromagnetic force-variable gap magnetorheological damper of this application has a small zero-field damping force, a larger maximum force, and a wider adjustable range is as follows: The rotating disk 30 rotates under the drive of the rotating shaft 20, and a relative shearing motion occurs between it and the floating disk 40, generating a damping force. When the current of the excitation coil 80 decreases, because the width of the effective working channel (i.e., the working gap A) is larger, the damping force required to overcome the relative shearing motion is smaller, so the zero-field damping force of the electromagnetic force-variable gap magnetorheological damper is small. When the current of the excitation coil 80 increases, the magnetorheological fluid in the effective working channel (i.e., the working gap A) generates a magnetorheological effect, and magnetic particles form a chain-like structure between the rotating disk 30 and the floating disk 40. The shearing motion requires overcoming this chain-like structure, thus generating an adjustable damping force. When the current increases, the magnetorheological effect strengthens, and the greater the force required to overcome the chain-like structure for shearing motion, the greater the adjustable damping force. Under the same current, the smaller the width of the effective working channel (i.e., the working gap A), the greater the force required to overcome the shearing motion of the chain structure. Under the combined effect of these two factors, the rotating electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper can generate a larger damping force.

[0060] In summary, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper of this invention can increase the adjustable range and maximum output force of the magnetorheological damper while ensuring a sufficiently small minimum force and unchanged external dimensions. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper has the following advantages:

[0061] I. Based on the magnetic effect principle of charged coils, real-time dynamic adjustment of the effective working flow channel width is realized.

[0062] Second, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper described herein uses the same coil to provide the excitation magnetic field for generating magnetorheological effect and electromagnetic attraction, eliminating the need for additional coils and resulting in a compact structure.

[0063] Third, compared with traditional magnetorheological dampers, the electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper has a smaller zero-field damping force, a larger maximum damping force, and a larger adjustable range, thus it can adapt to more complex application scenarios.

[0064] For those skilled in the art, the above disclosure is merely illustrative and does not constitute a limitation of this application. Although not explicitly stated herein, those skilled in the art may make various modifications, improvements, and corrections to this application. Such modifications, improvements, and corrections are suggested in this application and therefore remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this application.

[0065] Furthermore, this application uses specific terms to describe embodiments of the application. For example, "an embodiment," "one embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to at least one embodiment of the application. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that "an embodiment," "one embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" mentioned twice or more in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, certain features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments of the application can be appropriately combined.

[0066] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the description of the embodiments disclosed in this application and thus aid in the understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing description of the embodiments of this application sometimes combines multiple features into a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of this application requires more features than those mentioned in the claims. In fact, the embodiments have fewer features than all the features of a single embodiment disclosed above. Some embodiments use numbers describing the number of components or attributes; it should be understood that such numbers used in the description of embodiments are modified in some examples by the terms "approximately," "about," or "generally."

[0067] While specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples, and the scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments without departing from the principles and essence of the present invention, but all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper, characterized in that, The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper includes: A cylinder and a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft being mounted through the cylinder via bearings; A rotating disk, fixed on the rotating shaft, is located inside the cylinder. At least one floating disk is mounted on the rotating shaft via an end face bearing. A return spring is provided between the end face bearing and the rotating disk, so that there is an adjustable working gap between the floating disk and the rotating disk. An excitation coil assembly is installed inside the cylinder and is fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder, surrounding the floating disk and the rotating disk. When the current of the excitation coil assembly decreases, the floating disk moves away from the rotating disk, causing the working gap to gradually increase. This reduces the magnetorheological effect of the magnetorheological fluid within the working gap, resulting in a smaller adjustable damping force. Conversely, when the current of the excitation coil assembly increases, the floating disk moves closer to the rotating disk under electromagnetic attraction, causing the working gap to gradually decrease. This enhances the magnetorheological effect of the magnetorheological fluid within the working gap, resulting in a larger adjustable damping force.

2. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The excitation coil assembly includes a magnetic isolation ring, a magnetic guide ring, and an excitation coil. The upper and lower ends of the magnetic isolation ring are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the cylinder. The outer side of the magnetic guide ring mates with the inner wall of the cylinder, and the inner side mates with the magnetic isolation ring. The excitation coil is installed between the magnetic isolation ring and the magnetic guide ring.

3. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The magnetic isolation ring includes a magnetic ring body and a plurality of first protrusions. The first protrusions are respectively installed at intervals at the upper and lower ends of the magnetic ring body, and the first protrusions are engaged in the grooves at the upper and lower ends of the cylinder.

4. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The inner surface of the magnetic ring is provided with a plurality of spaced second protrusions, and the side surface of the second protrusions cooperates with the side surface of the first protrusion.

5. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The first boss and the second boss are fan-shaped bosses, and the groove is a fan-shaped groove.

6. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper includes two floating disks, which are located on the upper and lower sides of the rotating disk.

7. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The cylinder is provided with end caps at its upper and lower ends, and the end caps are provided with magnetorheological fluid injection holes.

8. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the floating disk is provided with a third protrusion, and the side of the third protrusion is in clearance fit with the side of the first protrusion on the magnetic shielding ring, so that the floating disk can float up and down along the axial direction.

9. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The floating disk has flow holes for the flow of magnetorheological fluid.

10. The electromagnetic force variable gap magnetorheological damper as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The cylinder, the magnetic ring, the floating disk, and the rotating disk are all made of magnetically conductive material, while the end cap, the magnetic shielding ring, and the rotating shaft are all made of non-magnetically conductive material.

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