Cold and heat supply unit and process capable of deeply utilizing heat source

Abstract

The invention discloses a cold and heat supply unit and process capable of deeply utilizing a heat source in the technical field of absorption refrigeration. The cold and heat supply unit comprises a refrigerating unit, a heating unit, a heat source flash tank and a high-pressure absorber. The refrigerating unit utilizes an external heat source to produce cold energy, the heating unit utilizes the heat source used by the refrigerating unit to produce cold energy so as to cool circulating water of the refrigerating unit, and the heat source flash tank utilizes the heat source discharged by the high-pressure absorber to heat; the absorption refrigerating unit is optimally designed, so that the absorption refrigerating unit can deeply utilize a heat source and supply cold and high-level heat energy at the same time, the problem that the heat source utilization rate of the unit is not high is solved, and the requirement for high-temperature heat energy in the production process is met; and low-grade waste heat is converted into cold energy and high-level heat energy, transition and upgrading of energy quality can be achieved, the unit has the cold and heat combined supply function, and the application scene is greatly expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of absorption refrigeration, and in particular to a cooling and heating unit and process for intensively utilizing heat sources. Background Art

[0002] The absorption refrigeration unit uses low-grade waste heat to drive the thermal working medium and performs refrigeration through the phase change of the working medium (such as ammonia). The specific process is that the low-grade waste heat is used to heat the generator, and the mixed solution rich in refrigerant (referred to as rich liquid) with a certain concentration delivered from the absorber by the solution pump is used to desorb most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the rich liquid, becoming high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and entering the condenser. It is cooled by circulating water to become high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is reduced in pressure by the expansion valve to become low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator, absorbs the heat of the medium to be cooled (refrigerant) and vaporizes into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the absorber and mixes with the lean liquid remaining in the generator after the generation process to become rich liquid at room temperature. After being pressurized by the solution pump, it is sent to the generator to continue circulating. The circulating water is first used to cool the absorber solution and then to cool the condenser.

[0003] Most of the heat sources coming out of the generators in the above-mentioned refrigeration units are discharged or returned to the user's pipe network system, resulting in low utilization of the heat source; and the circulating water temperature rises after passing through the refrigeration unit, and needs to be cooled in an air-cooling tower before being recycled. The air-cooling tower requires a motor to cool the circulating water, which consumes electricity. In addition, in the actual production process, there is often a demand for high-temperature thermal energy (such as high-temperature steam). The traditional practice is often to generate steam by burning coal in a boiler, which has high energy consumption and high pollution, and is not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a cooling and heating unit and process that deeply utilizes heat sources, which solves the problem that most of the heat sources coming out of the generator in the existing refrigeration unit are discharged or refluxed into the user's pipe network system, resulting in low utilization of the heat source.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above-mentioned object through the following technical solutions: A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes heat sources, comprising: a refrigeration unit, a heating unit, a heat source flash tank and a high-pressure absorber; The refrigeration unit uses an external heat source to produce cold energy, and the heating unit uses the heat source after use of the refrigeration unit to produce cold energy to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit. The high-pressure absorber is used to mix the heat source after use of the heating unit with the external heat source and absorb the heat generated by the mixture of the lean liquid produced by the heating unit and the gaseous refrigerant. The heat source flash tank uses the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber to generate heat.

[0006] Preferably, the refrigeration unit includes a generator, a condenser, an evaporator and an absorber, and the heating unit includes a low-pressure generator, a low-pressure condenser, a medium-pressure evaporator and a medium-pressure absorber; The medium-pressure evaporator is used to cool the circulating water discharged from the condenser and introduce the cooled circulating water into the absorber.

[0007] Preferably, the refrigeration unit further includes a first expansion valve, a first solution pump and a first pressure reducing valve.

[0008] Preferably, the heating unit further comprises a second pressure reducing valve, a second expansion valve and a refrigerant pump, wherein the second pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced into the low-pressure generator by the medium-pressure absorber, the refrigerant pump is used to introduce the liquid refrigerant discharged from the low-pressure condenser into the medium-pressure evaporator and the medium-pressure absorber respectively, and the second expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator by the refrigerant pump; The circulating water inlets of the low-pressure condenser and the medium-pressure evaporator are connected to an external circulating water pipeline, and a switch valve is provided on the circulating water inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator.

[0009] Preferably, the cooling and heating unit further comprises a booster, an ejector, a pressure reducer and a second solution pump, wherein the second solution pump is used to transport the lean solution discharged from the low-pressure generator to the high-pressure absorber, the ejector is used to introduce the used heat source of the low-pressure generator into the high-pressure absorber by using an external heat source, the booster is used to pressurize the heat source introduced into the heat source flash tank by the high-pressure absorber, and the pressure reducer is used to reduce the pressure of the rich solution introduced into the medium-pressure absorber by the high-pressure absorber; Wherein, the inlet of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the heat source flash tank.

[0010] Preferably, a turbocharger is used instead of the supercharger and the pressure reducer, wherein the turbocharger comprises two impeller turbines and a transmission shaft, and the impellers of the two impeller turbines are driven by the transmission shaft.

[0011] Preferably, a heat engine is used to replace the low-pressure generator, low-pressure condenser, medium-pressure evaporator and medium-pressure absorber, and a cold machine is used to replace the generator, condenser, evaporator and absorber. The heat engine and the cold machine are both fixed tube-sheet heat exchangers whose main structure consists of a head, a tube box tube section, a tube sheet, a heat exchange tube and a shell. The heat engine includes a medium-pressure absorption chamber, a medium-pressure evaporation chamber, a low-pressure condensation chamber and a low-pressure generating chamber, and the cold machine includes an absorption chamber, an evaporation chamber, a condensation chamber and a generating chamber.

[0012] Preferably, the medium-pressure absorption chamber, medium-pressure evaporation chamber, low-pressure condensation chamber and low-pressure generation chamber are separated by a first partition, and the absorption chamber, evaporation chamber, condensation chamber and generation chamber are separated by a second partition.

[0013] Preferably, a cooling and heating process for deep utilization of heat sources, using the above-mentioned cooling and heating unit for deep utilization of heat sources, comprises the following steps: The heat source enters the generating chamber, heats the rich liquid therein, and produces gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensing chamber and is condensed into liquid refrigerant by the circulating water, and then enters the evaporating chamber to absorb the heat of the refrigerant. The heat source of the used generating chamber enters the low-pressure generating chamber, heats the rich liquid therein, and produces gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condensing chamber and is condensed into liquid refrigerant. It is then introduced into the medium-pressure evaporation chamber and the medium-pressure absorption chamber respectively by the refrigerant pump. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the circulating water discharged from the condensing chamber in the medium-pressure evaporation chamber and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the medium-pressure absorption chamber. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of the gaseous refrigerant and the secondary rich liquid in the medium-pressure absorption chamber and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber. The ejector introduces the used heat source from the low-pressure generating chamber into the high-pressure absorber through an external heat source, absorbing the heat generated by the mixture of gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid. The heat source after absorbing the heat is input into the heat source flash tank to produce heat; A cooling and heating process for deep utilization of heat sources, further utilizing the above-mentioned cooling and heating unit for deep utilization of heat sources, comprising the following steps: The heat source enters the generator, heats the rich liquid therein, and produces gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser and is condensed into liquid refrigerant by circulating water, and then enters the evaporator to absorb the heat of the refrigerant. The heat source after the generator is used enters the low-pressure generator, heats the rich liquid therein, and produces gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condenser and is condensed into liquid refrigerant. It is then introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator and the medium-pressure absorber by the refrigerant pump. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the circulating water discharged from the condenser in the medium-pressure evaporator and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the medium-pressure absorber. The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of gaseous refrigerant and sub-rich liquid in the medium-pressure absorber and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber. The ejector introduces the used heat source of the low-pressure generator into the high-pressure absorber through an external heat source, absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid, and the heat source after absorbing the heat is input into the heat source flash tank to generate heat.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Optimize the design of the absorption refrigeration unit to fully utilize the heat source and simultaneously supply cooling and high-grade thermal energy, solving the problem of low heat source utilization and meeting the demand for high-temperature thermal energy in the production process. Converting low-grade waste heat into cooling energy and high-grade thermal energy can achieve a leap in energy quality and has important strategic significance for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, the unit has the function of combined cooling and heating, which greatly expands the application scenarios and can maximize the economic benefits of the unit. 2. The circulating water used to cool the absorption chamber and condensation chamber in the chiller is introduced into the medium-pressure evaporation chamber of the heat engine for cooling. This not only reduces the operating load of the air-cooling tower and saves electricity, but also converts the heat contained in the circulating water into high-grade thermal energy by heating it in the heat engine, achieving a leap in energy quality and having important strategic significance for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction. 3. The impeller turbine supercharger is used to replace the boost pump and pressure reducing valve, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure secondary rich liquid is used to boost the high-temperature waste water. The energy lost by throttling is converted into the pressure energy of the high-temperature waste water, which can achieve the deep utilization of the internal energy of the unit and improve the COP of the unit. 4. Integrating the generator, condenser, evaporator and absorber together, and then integrating the low-pressure generator, low-pressure condenser, medium-pressure evaporator and medium-pressure absorber together, reduces the cost of equipment and pipelines, greatly reduces the footprint of the unit, and is conducive to the skid-mounting of the unit. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes heat sources according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the cooling machine and the heat engine in the cooling and heating unit of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat engine and the cold engine of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 AA direction schematic diagram; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the turbine supercharger of the present invention.

[0016] In the figure: 1. Generator; 2. Condenser; 3. Evaporator; 4. Absorber; 5. First expansion valve; 6. First solution pump; 7. First pressure reducing valve; 8. Low-pressure generator; 9. Low-pressure condenser; 10. Medium-pressure evaporator; 11. Medium-pressure absorber; 12. Second pressure reducing valve; 13. Second expansion valve; 14. Refrigerant pump; 15. On-off valve; 16. Heat source flash tank; 17. Booster; 18. Ejector; 19. High-pressure absorber Receiver; 20. Pressure reducer; 21. Second solution pump; 22. Turbine supercharger; 221. Impeller turbine; 222. Drive shaft; 23. Heat engine; 231. Medium-pressure absorption chamber; 232. Medium-pressure evaporation chamber; 233. Low-pressure condensation chamber; 234. Low-pressure generating chamber; 235. First partition; 24. Cooling machine; 241. Absorption chamber; 242. Evaporation chamber; 243. Condensation chamber; 244. Generating chamber; 245. Second partition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It is necessary to point out that the following specific implementation methods are only used to further illustrate the present application and cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Technicians in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0018] Example 1

[0019] See also Figure 1 A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes heat sources includes: a refrigeration unit, a heating unit, a heat source flash tank 16 and a high-pressure absorber 19.

[0020] It should be noted that the refrigeration unit uses an external heat source to produce cold energy, and the heating unit uses the heat source after use of the refrigeration unit to produce cold energy to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit. The high-pressure absorber 19 is used to mix the heat source after use of the heating unit with the external heat source, and absorb the heat generated by the mixture of the lean liquid and gaseous refrigerant produced by the heating unit. The heat source flash tank 16 uses the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber 19 for heating.

[0021] In this embodiment, as a further optimization solution, please refer to Figure 1The refrigeration unit includes a generator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, an absorber 4, a first expansion valve 5, a first solution pump 6 and a first pressure reducing valve 7; the heating unit includes a low-pressure generator 8, a low-pressure condenser 9, a medium-pressure evaporator 10, a medium-pressure absorber 11, a second pressure reducing valve 12, a second expansion valve 13 and a refrigerant pump 14; the cooling and heating unit also includes a booster 17, an ejector 18, a pressure reducer 20 and a second solution pump 21; the heat source outlet of the generator 1 is connected to the heat source inlet of the low-pressure generator 8, the circulating water inlet of the absorber 4 is connected to the circulating water outlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10, the circulating inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 is connected to the circulating water outlet of the condenser 2 and the external circulating water pipeline through a tee pipe, and a switch valve 15 is provided between the circulating inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 and the external circulating water pipeline; the low-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet of the low-pressure condenser 9 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant pump 14, and a There is a tee pipe, one outlet of the tee pipe is connected to the high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the medium-pressure absorber 11, and the other outlet of the tee pipe is connected to the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 through the second expansion valve 13; the low-pressure lean liquid outlet of the low-pressure generator 8 is connected to the high-pressure lean liquid inlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 through the second solution pump 21, the heat source outlet of the low-pressure generator 8 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 18, the secondary rich liquid outlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the medium-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet of the medium-pressure absorber 11 through the pressure reducer 20, and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the medium-pressure absorber 11; the medium and low-temperature waste hot water inlets of the high-pressure absorber 19 are connected to the outlet of the ejector 18, the high-temperature waste hot water outlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the inlet of the heat source flash tank 16 through the booster 17, and the high-temperature waste hot water outlet of the heat source flash tank 16 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 18.

[0022] A cooling and heating process for deep utilization of heat sources comprises the following steps: The medium-temperature waste water (external heat source) is divided into two paths. One path enters the generator 1, where it heats the high-pressure rich liquid delivered from the absorber 4 by the first solution pump 6, desorbing most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the high-pressure rich liquid and turning it into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser 2, where it is cooled by the circulating water to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. It is then decompressed by the first expansion valve 5 to become a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator 3, where it absorbs the heat of the refrigerant and vaporizes. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (the cooled refrigerant is used for cooling) is converted into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant (the cooled refrigerant is used for cooling), which enters the absorber 4. The high-pressure lean liquid remaining after the generation process in the generator 1 is reduced in pressure by the first pressure reducing valve 7 to become a low-pressure lean liquid, which then enters the absorber 4 and mixes with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator 3 to become a low-pressure rich liquid. The low-pressure rich liquid is pressurized by the first solution pump 6 and then sent to the generator 1 to continue circulating. The circulating water is first used to cool the solution in the absorber 4 and then to cool the condenser 2. The medium-temperature waste water entering the generator 1 is absorbed and cooled to sub-medium-temperature waste water, and the sub-medium-temperature waste water enters the low-pressure generator 8 as a heat source to heat the low-pressure rich liquid reduced by the second pressure reducing valve 12, so that most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the low-pressure rich liquid is desorbed and becomes a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant; the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condenser 9, is cooled by the circulating water to become a low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant is pressurized by the refrigerant pump 14 to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the high-pressure liquid refrigerant is divided into two paths; one path is reduced by the second expansion valve 13 to become a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10, and absorbs the refrigerant coming out of the condenser 2 The heat of the circulating water is absorbed and vaporized into medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which enters the medium-pressure absorber 11; the other high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the medium-pressure absorber 11 as a cold source, and the medium-pressure secondary rich liquid decompressed from the pressure reducer 20 is mixed with the medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the medium-pressure evaporator 10 in the medium-pressure absorber 11 to become medium-pressure rich liquid. The medium-pressure rich liquid passes through the second pressure reducing valve 12 and is introduced into the low-pressure generator 8 for circulation. The heat released during the mixing process is absorbed by the cold source (high-pressure liquid refrigerant) entering the medium-pressure absorber 11, and the cold source absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber 19; The low-pressure lean liquid remaining after the generation process in the low-pressure generator 8 is pressurized into a high-pressure lean liquid by the second solution pump 21. The high-pressure lean liquid enters the high-pressure absorber 19 and mixes with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant (the used cold source in the medium-pressure absorber 11) delivered from the medium-pressure absorber 11 to become a high-pressure secondary rich liquid. The high-pressure secondary rich liquid is then reduced in pressure by the pressure reducer 20 to become a medium-pressure secondary rich liquid for input into the medium-pressure absorber 11. The sub-medium-temperature waste water entering the low-pressure generator 8 absorbs heat and is cooled to low-temperature waste water. The low-temperature waste water enters the ejector 18 and is ejected and mixed with a channel of medium-temperature waste water (external heat source) to become medium- and low-temperature waste water. The medium- and low-temperature waste water enters the high-pressure absorber 19 to absorb the heat generated by the mixing of the high-pressure lean liquid and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The medium- and low-temperature waste water absorbs heat and becomes high-temperature waste water. The high-temperature waste water is pressurized by the supercharger 17 and becomes high-pressure high-temperature waste water. The high-pressure high-temperature waste water enters the heat source flash tank 16 for flashing and becomes high-temperature steam for use. The high-temperature waste water after flashing enters the ejector 18 and is mixed with the medium-temperature waste water as an ejection source to continue the subsequent cycle.

[0023] It should be noted that the circulating water has two routes. One route enters the low-pressure condenser 9 and serves as a cold source to condense the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant entering the low-pressure condenser 9, and then flows out of the low-pressure condenser; the other route of circulating water enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10 for the first time through the switch valve 15. When the filling amount reaches the process requirements, the switch valve 15 is closed. After the circulating water is cooled in the medium-pressure evaporator 10, it serves as a cold source and enters the absorber 4 and the condenser 2 in turn to cool the two. The heated circulating water enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10 again to be cooled, and then continues to circulate in the absorber 4, the condenser 2 and the medium-pressure evaporator 10.

[0024] In this embodiment, as a further optimization solution, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 The supercharger 17 can be a booster pump, and the pressure reducer 20 can be a pressure reducing valve; the supercharger 17 and the pressure reducer 20 can also be a turbine supercharger 22, and the turbine supercharger 22 includes two impeller turbines 221 and a transmission shaft 222. The impeller turbine 221 includes an outer shell and an impeller arranged inside the outer shell, and the two impellers are driven by a transmission shaft 222; after the high-pressure secondary rich liquid is discharged, it will drive the impeller of one impeller turbine 221 to rotate, and through the transmission shaft 222, the impeller of the other impeller turbine 221 will rotate, which is used to pressurize the high-temperature waste hot water and reduce the pressure of the high-pressure secondary rich liquid at the same time; the turbine supercharger 22 is used instead of the booster pump and the pressure reducing valve, and the pressure energy of the high-pressure secondary rich liquid is used to pressurize the high-temperature waste hot water, so that the energy originally lost by throttling is converted into the pressure energy of the high-temperature waste hot water, which can realize the deep utilization of the internal energy of the unit.

[0025] Example 2

[0026] As a further optimization solution of Example 1, please refer to Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 A heat engine 23 is used to replace the low-pressure generator 8, the low-pressure condenser 9, the medium-pressure evaporator 10 and the medium-pressure absorber 11, and a cold machine 24 is used to replace the generator 1, the condenser 2, the evaporator 3 and the absorber 4. Both the heat engine 23 and the cold machine 24 are fixed tube-sheet heat exchangers whose main structures are composed of a head, a tube box segment, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes and a shell. The left and right heads and the tube box segment are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets respectively. The shell is welded and fixed between the left and right tube sheets. The heat exchange tubes are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets. The heat exchange tubes are inside the shell and are used to connect the tube box segments on the left and right sides. A first partition 235 is provided in the inner cavity of the heat engine 23. The first partition 235 is cross-shaped and coated with a heat insulating layer. The first partition 235 is used to divide the inner cavity of the heat engine 23 into a medium-pressure absorption chamber 231, a medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232, a low-pressure condensation chamber 233, and a low-pressure generating chamber 234. A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231. A medium-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet and a medium-pressure rich liquid outlet are provided on the shell of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231. The medium-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the pressure reducer 20 through a pipeline. The medium-pressure rich liquid outlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 12 through a pipeline. The left and right pipe boxes of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 are respectively provided with a high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant pump 14 through a pipeline. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet on the shell of the high-pressure absorber 19 through a pipeline. A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232. A medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is provided on the shell of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232. The medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the second expansion valve 13 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 are respectively provided with a circulating water outlet and inlet. The circulating water outlet on the left pipe box of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 is connected to the circulating water inlet on the left pipe box of the absorption chamber 241 in the chiller 24 through a pipe. The circulating water inlet on the right pipe box of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 is connected to the circulating water outlet on the left pipe box of the condensing chamber 243 in the chiller 24 through a three-way pipe. The other end of the three-way pipe is provided with an on-off valve 15. The shell of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 is provided with a low-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet, which is connected to the refrigerant pump 14 and the second expansion valve 13 through a pipeline; the left and right pipe boxes of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 are respectively provided with a circulating water inlet and outlet; A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the low-pressure generating chamber 234. A low-pressure rich liquid inlet and a low-pressure lean liquid outlet are provided on the shell of the low-pressure generating chamber 234. The low-pressure rich liquid inlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 12 through a pipeline, and the low-pressure lean liquid outlet is connected to the second solution pump 21 through a pipeline. The left and right pipe boxes of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 are respectively provided with a low-temperature waste hot water outlet and a sub-medium-temperature waste hot water inlet. The low-temperature waste hot water outlet is connected to the inlet of the ejector 18 through a pipeline, and the sub-medium-temperature waste hot water inlet is connected to the sub-medium-temperature waste hot water outlet on the right pipe box of the generating chamber 244 in the chiller 24 through a pipeline. A second partition 245 is provided in the inner cavity of the cold machine 24. The second partition 245 is cross-shaped and coated with a heat-insulating layer. The second partition 245 is used to divide the inner cavity of the cold machine 24 into an absorption chamber 241, an evaporation chamber 242, a condensation chamber 243 and a generation chamber 244. A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the absorption chamber 241. A low-pressure lean liquid inlet and a low-pressure rich liquid outlet are provided on the shell of the absorption chamber 241. The low-pressure lean liquid inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the first pressure reducing valve 7 through a pipeline, and the low-pressure rich liquid outlet is connected to the first solution pump 6 through a pipeline. The left and right pipe boxes of the absorption chamber 241 are respectively provided with a circulating water inlet and outlet. A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the evaporation chamber 242. A low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is provided on the shell of the evaporation chamber 242. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the first expansion valve 5 through a pipeline. The left and right pipe boxes of the evaporation chamber 242 are respectively provided with a brine inlet and outlet. The shell of the condensing chamber 243 is provided with a high-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet, which is connected to the first expansion valve 5 through a pipeline. The left and right pipe boxes of the condensing chamber 243 are respectively provided with a circulating water inlet and inlet. The circulating water inlet on the right pipe box of the condensing chamber 243 is connected to the circulating water outlet on the right pipe box of the absorption chamber 241 through a pipeline. A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the generating chamber 244. A high-pressure rich liquid inlet and a high-pressure lean liquid outlet are provided on the shell of the generating chamber 244. The high-pressure rich liquid inlet is connected to the first solution pump 6 via a pipeline, and the high-pressure lean liquid outlet is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 7 via a pipeline. The left and right pipe boxes of the generating chamber 244 are respectively provided with a medium-temperature waste hot water inlet and a sub-medium-temperature waste hot water outlet. The main structure of the high-pressure absorber 19 is a fixed tube-sheet heat exchanger consisting of a head, a tube box barrel section, a tube sheet, a heat exchange tube and a shell. The left and right heads and the tube box barrel section are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets respectively. The shell is welded and fixed between the left and right tube sheets, and the heat exchange tubes are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets. A spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) is provided in the shell of the high-pressure absorber 19. A high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet, a high-pressure lean liquid inlet and a high-pressure secondary rich liquid outlet are provided on the shell. The high-pressure lean liquid inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the second solution pump 21 through a pipeline, and the high-pressure secondary rich liquid outlet is connected to the pressure reducer 20 through a pipeline. The left and right tube boxes of the high-pressure absorber 19 are respectively provided with medium and low-temperature waste hot water inlets and high-temperature waste hot water outlets. The medium and low-temperature waste hot water inlets are connected to the outlet of the ejector 18 through a pipeline, and the high-temperature waste hot water outlet is connected to the inlet of the booster 17 and the heat source flash tank 16 through a pipeline.

[0027] In this embodiment, as a further optimization solution, please refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The high-pressure absorber 19 is installed above the heat engine 23 through a support plate, and the cold engine 24 is installed above the high-pressure absorber 19 through a support plate.

[0028] In this embodiment, as a further optimization solution, please refer to Figure 4 An opening is provided between the shell of the absorption chamber 241 and the shell of the evaporation chamber 242 (the opening is located on the second partition 245), and the opening is used to connect the shell inner cavity of the absorption chamber 241 with the shell inner cavity of the evaporation chamber 242; an opening is provided between the shell of the condensation chamber 243 and the shell of the generation chamber 244 (the opening is located on the second partition 245), and the opening is used to connect the shell inner cavity of the condensation chamber 243 with the shell inner cavity of the generation chamber 244; an opening is provided between the shell of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 and the shell of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 There is an opening (the opening is located on the first partition 235), and the opening is used to connect the shell inner cavity of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 with the shell inner cavity of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232; an opening is provided between the shell of the low-pressure condensation chamber 233 and the shell of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 (the opening is located on the first partition 235), and the opening is used to connect the shell inner cavity of the low-pressure condensation chamber 233 with the shell inner cavity of the low-pressure generating chamber 234; a liquid baffle is installed in the opening to prevent the solution from passing through the opening; the setting of the opening is used to reduce the laying of pipelines.

[0029] A cooling and heating process for deep utilization of heat sources comprises the following steps: The medium-temperature waste water (external heat source) is divided into two paths. One path enters the pipe side of the generating chamber 244 of the refrigerator 24, heats the high-pressure rich liquid delivered from the absorption chamber 241 of the refrigerator 24 by the first solution pump 6, and desorbs most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the high-pressure rich liquid to become a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant; the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the shell side of the condensing chamber 243 of the refrigerator 24, is cooled into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant by the circulating water in the pipe side of the condensing chamber 243 of the refrigerator 24, and is then decompressed into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant by the first expansion valve 5; the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the shell side of the evaporating chamber 242 of the refrigerator 24, and absorbs the refrigerant in the pipe side of the evaporating chamber 242 of the refrigerator 24. The heat is vaporized into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the shell side of the absorption chamber 241 of the refrigerator 24. The high-pressure lean liquid remaining after the generation process in the shell side of the generating chamber 244 of the refrigerator 24 is reduced in pressure by the first pressure reducing valve 7 to become a low-pressure lean liquid, and enters the shell side of the absorption chamber 241 of the refrigerator 24. It is mixed with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the shell side of the evaporation chamber 242 of the refrigerator 24 to become a low-pressure rich liquid. The low-pressure rich liquid is pressurized by the first solution pump 6 and then sent to the shell side of the generating chamber 244 of the refrigerator 24 to continue circulating. The circulating water is first used to cool the solution in the absorption chamber 241 of the refrigerator 24, and then used to cool the condensing chamber 243 of the refrigerator 24. The medium-temperature waste water entering the pipe side of the generating chamber 244 of the cold machine 24 absorbs heat and is cooled to sub-medium-temperature waste water. The sub-medium-temperature waste water enters the pipe side of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23, heats the low-pressure rich liquid depressurized by the second pressure reducing valve 12, and desorbs most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the low-pressure rich liquid to become a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant; the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the shell side of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 of the heat engine 23, is cooled by the circulating water to become a low-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the low-pressure liquid refrigerant is pressurized by the refrigerant pump 14 to become a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is divided into two paths, one path is depressurized by the second expansion valve 13 to become a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, and the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the shell side of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23, absorbs the heat of the circulating water coming out of the pipe side of the condensing chamber 243 of the cold machine 24 and vaporizes The medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant is converted into a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which enters the shell side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23; another high-pressure liquid refrigerant, as a cold source, enters the tube side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23. The medium-pressure secondary rich liquid decompressed from the pressure reducer 20 is mixed with the medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the shell side of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23 in the shell side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23 to form a medium-pressure rich liquid. The medium-pressure rich liquid is introduced into the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23 after passing through the second pressure reducing valve 12 for circulation. The heat released during the mixing process is absorbed by the cold source (high-pressure liquid refrigerant) in the tube side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23. The cold source (high-pressure liquid refrigerant) absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant and enters the shell side of the high-pressure absorber 19. The low-pressure lean liquid remaining after the generation process in the shell side of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23 is pressurized into high-pressure lean liquid by the second solution pump 21. The high-pressure lean liquid enters the shell side of the high-pressure absorber 19 and mixes with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant delivered from the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 to become a high-pressure secondary rich liquid. The high-pressure secondary rich liquid is then reduced in pressure by the pressure reducer 20 to become a medium-pressure secondary rich liquid for input into the shell side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23. The sub-medium-temperature waste water in the pipe passage of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23 absorbs heat and is cooled to low-temperature waste water. The low-temperature waste water enters the ejector 18 and is ejected and mixed with the medium-temperature waste water to become medium-low-temperature waste water. The medium-low-temperature waste water enters the pipe passage of the high-pressure absorber 19 to absorb the heat generated by the mixing of the high-pressure lean liquid and the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The medium-low-temperature waste water absorbs heat and becomes high-temperature waste water. The high-temperature waste water is discharged from the high-pressure absorber 19 and pressurized by the supercharger 17 to become high-pressure and high-temperature waste water. The high-pressure and high-temperature waste water enters the heat source flash tank 16 for flashing and becomes high-temperature steam for heat utilization. The high-temperature waste water after flashing enters the ejector 18 and mixes with the medium-temperature waste water as an ejection source to continue the subsequent cycle.

[0030] There are two paths of circulating water. One path enters the pipe process of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 of the heat engine 23 and condenses the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the shell process of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 of the heat engine 23 as a cold source, and then flows out from the pipe process of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 of the heat engine 23; the other path of circulating water enters the pipe process of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23 for the first time through the switch valve 15. When the filling amount reaches the process requirement, the switch valve 15 is closed; the circulating water enters the pipe process of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23 After being cooled, it serves as a cold source and enters the pipe processes of the absorption chamber 241 and the condensation chamber 243 of the cold machine 24 in turn, and is used for cooling the absorption chamber 241 and the condensation chamber 243 of the cold machine 24 respectively. The heated circulating water enters the pipe process of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23 again to be cooled, and then continues to circulate in the pipe process of the absorption chamber 241 of the cold machine 24, the pipe process of the condensation chamber 243 of the cold machine 24 and the pipe process of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23.

[0031] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling and heating unit that makes deep use of heat sources, characterized in that: include: Refrigeration unit, heating unit, heat source flash tank (16) and high-pressure absorber (19); The refrigeration unit utilizes an external heat source to produce cold energy, and the heating unit utilizes the heat source after use of the refrigeration unit to produce cold energy to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit. The high-pressure absorber (19) is used to mix the heat source after use of the heating unit with the external heat source and absorb the heat generated by the mixture of the lean liquid produced by the heating unit and the gaseous refrigerant. The heat source flash tank (16) utilizes the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber (19) to generate heat.

2. A cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that: The refrigeration unit comprises a generator (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3) and an absorber (4); the heating unit comprises a low-pressure generator (8), a low-pressure condenser (9), a medium-pressure evaporator (10) and a medium-pressure absorber (11); The medium-pressure evaporator (10) is used to cool the circulating water discharged from the condenser (2) and to introduce the cooled circulating water into the absorber (4).

3. A cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The refrigeration unit further comprises a first expansion valve (5), a first solution pump (6) and a first pressure reducing valve (7).

4. A cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating unit further comprises a second pressure reducing valve (12), a second expansion valve (13) and a refrigerant pump (14), wherein the second pressure reducing valve (12) is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced into the low-pressure generator (8) by the medium-pressure absorber (11), and the refrigerant pump (14) is used to introduce the liquid refrigerant discharged from the low-pressure condenser (9) into the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and the medium-pressure absorber (11), respectively, and the second expansion valve (13) is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator (10) by the refrigerant pump (14); The circulating water inlets of the low-pressure condenser (9) and the medium-pressure evaporator (10) are connected to an external circulating water pipeline, and a switch valve (15) is provided on the circulating water inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator (10).

5. The cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling and heating unit further comprises a booster (17), an ejector (18), a pressure reducer (20) and a second solution pump (21), wherein the second solution pump (21) is used to transport the lean solution discharged from the low-pressure generator (8) to the high-pressure absorber (19), the ejector (18) is used to introduce the heat source used by the low-pressure generator (8) into the high-pressure absorber (19) by using an external heat source, the booster (17) is used to pressurize the heat source introduced from the high-pressure absorber (19) into the heat source flash tank (16), and the pressure reducer (20) is used to reduce the pressure of the rich solution introduced from the high-pressure absorber (19) into the medium-pressure absorber (11); The inlet of the ejector (18) is connected to the outlet of the heat source flash tank (16).

6. A cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 5, characterized in that: A turbine supercharger (22) is used to replace the supercharger (17) and the pressure reducer (20). The turbine supercharger (22) includes two impeller turbines (221) and a transmission shaft (222). The impellers of the two impeller turbines (221) are driven by the transmission shaft (222).

7. The cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 2, characterized in that: A heat engine (23) is used to replace the low-pressure generator (8), the low-pressure condenser (9), the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and the medium-pressure absorber (11); and a cold engine (24) is used to replace the generator (1), the condenser (2), the evaporator (3) and the absorber (4). The heat engine (23) and the cold engine (24) are both fixed tube-sheet heat exchangers whose main structures consist of a head, a tube box tube section, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes and a shell. The heat engine (23) includes a medium-pressure absorption chamber (231), a medium-pressure evaporation chamber (232), a low-pressure condensation chamber (233) and a low-pressure generating chamber (234); and the cold engine (24) includes an absorption chamber (241), an evaporation chamber (242), a condensation chamber (243) and a generating chamber (244).

8. The cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to claim 7, characterized in that: The medium-pressure absorption chamber (231), the medium-pressure evaporation chamber (232), the low-pressure condensation chamber (233), and the low-pressure generating chamber (234) are separated by a first partition (235), and the absorption chamber (241), the evaporation chamber (242), the condensation chamber (243), and the generating chamber (244) are separated by a second partition (245).

9. A cooling and heating process with deep utilization of heat source, using the cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The heat source enters the generator (1), heats the rich liquid therein, and produces a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser (2) and is condensed into a liquid refrigerant by the circulating water, and then enters the evaporator (3) to absorb the heat of the refrigerant. The heat source after use of the generator (1) enters the low-pressure generator (8), heats the rich liquid therein, and produces a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condenser (9) and is condensed into a liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant is then introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and the medium-pressure absorber (11) by the refrigerant pump (14). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the circulating water discharged from the condenser (2) in the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and vaporizes into a gaseous refrigerant and enters the medium-pressure absorber (11). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of the gaseous refrigerant and the secondary rich liquid in the medium-pressure absorber (11) and vaporizes into a gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber (19). The ejector (18) introduces the used heat source of the low-pressure generator (8) into the high-pressure absorber (19) through an external heat source, absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of the gaseous refrigerant and the lean liquid, and the heat source after absorbing the heat is input into the heat source flash tank (16) to generate heat.

10. A cooling and heating process with deep utilization of heat source, using a cooling and heating unit with deep utilization of heat source according to any one of claims 7-8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The heat source enters the generating chamber (244), heats the rich liquid therein, and produces a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensing chamber (243), is condensed into a liquid refrigerant by the circulating water, and then enters the evaporating chamber (242) to absorb the heat of the refrigerant. The heat source after use of the generating chamber (244) enters the low-pressure generating chamber (234), heats the rich liquid therein, and produces a gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condensing chamber (233) and is condensed into a liquid refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant is then introduced into the medium-pressure evaporating chamber (232) and the medium-pressure absorbing chamber (231) by the refrigerant pump (14). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the circulating water discharged from the condensing chamber (243) in the medium-pressure evaporating chamber (232) and vaporizes into a gaseous refrigerant and enters the medium-pressure absorbing chamber (231). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of the gaseous refrigerant and the secondary rich liquid in the medium-pressure absorbing chamber (231) and vaporizes into a gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber (19). The ejector (18) introduces the used heat source of the low-pressure generating chamber (234) into the high-pressure absorber (19) through an external heat source, absorbs the heat generated by the mixture of the gaseous refrigerant and the lean liquid, and the heat source after absorbing the heat is input into the heat source flash tank (16) to generate heat.

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