A cooling and heating unit and process for deep utilization of heat source

Abstract

This invention discloses a cooling and heating unit and process for deep utilization of heat sources in the field of absorption refrigeration technology, comprising: a refrigeration unit, a heating unit, a heat source flash tank, and a high-pressure absorber; the refrigeration unit utilizes an external heat source to generate cooling capacity, the heating unit utilizes the heat source after the refrigeration unit has been used to generate cooling capacity to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit, and the heat source flash tank utilizes the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber for heating; this invention optimizes the design of the absorption refrigeration unit to enable it to deeply utilize heat sources while simultaneously supplying cooling and high-grade heat energy, solving the problem of low heat source utilization rate and meeting the high-temperature heat energy requirements in the production process; converting low-grade waste heat into cooling energy and high-grade heat energy enables a leap in energy quality upgrade, and the unit has the function of combined cooling and heating, greatly expanding the application scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of absorption refrigeration, and more specifically to a cooling and heating unit and process that makes deep use of heat sources. Background Technology

[0002] Absorption chillers utilize low-grade waste heat to drive a thermodynamic working fluid, achieving refrigeration through a phase change of the working fluid (such as ammonia). Specifically, the waste heat is used to heat a mixed solution (rich in refrigerant) with a certain concentration, delivered from the absorber by a solution pump. This causes most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the rich solution to desorb, becoming a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant that enters the condenser. There, it is cooled by circulating water into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. This high-pressure liquid refrigerant is then depressurized through an expansion valve into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the evaporator, where it absorbs heat from the medium (cooling medium) and vaporizes into a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. This low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the absorber and mixes with the lean solution remaining in the generator, becoming a room-temperature rich solution. This rich solution is then pressurized by a solution pump and sent back to the generator for continued circulation. The circulating water is first used to cool the absorber solution and then to cool the condenser.

[0003] In the above-mentioned refrigeration units, most of the heat source from the generator is vented or returned to the user's pipeline system, resulting in low utilization of the heat source. Furthermore, the temperature of the circulating water increases after passing through the refrigeration unit, and it needs to be cooled down by the air-cooled tower before being recycled. However, the air-cooled tower requires a motor to cool the circulating water, which consumes electricity. In addition, there is often a demand for high-temperature heat energy (such as high-temperature steam) in actual production processes. The traditional approach is to generate steam by burning coal in boilers, which is energy-intensive, polluting, and not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a cooling and heating unit and process that makes deep use of heat sources, which solves the problem that most of the heat source from the generator in existing refrigeration units is vented or returned to the user's pipeline system, resulting in low utilization of heat sources.

[0005] The present invention achieves the above objectives through the following technical solution: a cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes heat sources, comprising: a refrigeration unit, a heating unit, a heat source flash tank, and a high-pressure absorber;

[0006] The refrigeration unit uses an external heat source to generate cooling capacity, and the heating unit uses the heat source after the refrigeration unit has been used to generate cooling capacity to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit. The high-pressure absorber is used to mix the heat source after the heating unit has been used with the external heat source and absorb the heat generated by mixing the lean liquid produced by the heating unit with the gaseous refrigerant. The heat source flash tank uses the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber for heating.

[0007] Preferably, the refrigeration unit includes a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber, and the heating unit includes a low-pressure generator, a low-pressure condenser, a medium-pressure evaporator, and a medium-pressure absorber;

[0008] The medium-pressure evaporator is used to cool the circulating water discharged from the condenser and to introduce the cooled circulating water into the absorber.

[0009] Preferably, the refrigeration unit further includes a first expansion valve, a first solution pump, and a first pressure reducing valve.

[0010] Preferably, the heating unit further includes a second pressure reducing valve, a second expansion valve, and a refrigerant pump. The second pressure reducing valve is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced into the low-pressure generator from the medium-pressure absorber. The refrigerant pump is used to introduce the liquid refrigerant discharged from the low-pressure condenser into the medium-pressure evaporator and the medium-pressure absorber, respectively. The second expansion valve is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator by the refrigerant pump.

[0011] The low-pressure condenser and the medium-pressure evaporator share a common circulating water inlet connected to an external circulating water pipeline, and the circulating water inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator is equipped with a switch valve.

[0012] Preferably, the cooling and heating unit further includes a booster, an ejector, a pressure reducer, and a second solution pump. The second solution pump is used to transport the lean solution discharged from the low-pressure generator to the high-pressure absorber. The ejector is used to introduce the heat source after use by the low-pressure generator into the high-pressure absorber using an external heat source. The booster is used to pressurize the heat source introduced into the heat source flash tank of the high-pressure absorber. The pressure reducer is used to reduce the pressure of the rich solution introduced into the medium-pressure absorber of the high-pressure absorber.

[0013] The inlet of the ejector is connected to the outlet of the heat source flash tank.

[0014] Preferably, a turbocharger is used instead of a booster and a pressure reducer. The turbocharger includes two impeller turbines and a drive shaft, and the impellers of the two impeller turbines are driven by the drive shaft.

[0015] Preferably, a heat engine is used instead of a low-pressure generator, a low-pressure condenser, a medium-pressure evaporator, and a medium-pressure absorber, and a cold engine is used instead of a generator, a condenser, an evaporator, and an absorber. Both the heat engine and the cold engine are fixed tube sheet heat exchangers whose main structure consists of a head, a tube box section, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes, and a shell. The heat engine includes a medium-pressure absorption chamber, a medium-pressure evaporation chamber, a low-pressure condensation chamber, and a low-pressure generation chamber, and the cold engine includes an absorption chamber, an evaporation chamber, a condensation chamber, and a generation chamber.

[0016] Preferably, the medium-pressure absorption chamber, medium-pressure evaporation chamber, low-pressure condensation chamber and low-pressure generating chamber are separated by a first partition, and the absorption chamber, evaporation chamber, condensation chamber and generating chamber are separated by a second partition.

[0017] Preferably, a cooling and heating process that deeply utilizes a heat source, using the aforementioned cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source, includes the following steps:

[0018] A heat source enters the generating chamber to heat the rich liquid therein, producing gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensing chamber and is condensed into liquid refrigerant by circulating water. Then, it enters the evaporating chamber to absorb the heat of the heat transfer fluid.

[0019] After the heat source in the generating chamber is used, it enters the low-pressure generating chamber to heat the rich liquid and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condensing chamber and is condensed into liquid refrigerant. Then, it is introduced into the medium-pressure evaporating chamber and the medium-pressure absorption chamber by the refrigerant pump. In the medium-pressure evaporating chamber, the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat from the circulating water discharged from the condensing chamber and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant, which then enters the medium-pressure absorption chamber. In the medium-pressure absorption chamber, the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of the gaseous refrigerant and the secondary rich liquid and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant, which then enters the high-pressure absorber.

[0020] The ejector introduces the heat source after the low-pressure generating chamber is used into the high-pressure absorber through an external heat source, absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid, and the heat source after absorbing heat is input into the heat source flash tank to generate heat.

[0021] A cooling and heating process that deeply utilizes a heat source, further utilizing the aforementioned cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source, includes the following steps:

[0022] A heat source enters the generator to heat the rich liquid and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser and is condensed into liquid refrigerant by circulating water. Then, it enters the evaporator to absorb the heat of the heat transfer fluid.

[0023] After the generator is used, the heat source enters the low-pressure generator to heat the rich liquid and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condenser and is condensed into liquid refrigerant. Then, it is pumped into the medium-pressure evaporator and the medium-pressure absorber. In the medium-pressure evaporator, the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat from the circulating water discharged from the condenser and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant, which then enters the medium-pressure absorber. In the medium-pressure absorber, the liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of the gaseous refrigerant and the secondary rich liquid and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant, which then enters the high-pressure absorber.

[0024] The ejector introduces the heat source from the low-pressure generator into the high-pressure absorber through an external heat source. It absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid. The heat source after absorbing the heat is then input into the heat source flash tank to generate heat.

[0025] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0026] 1. The absorption chiller unit is optimized to make full use of the heat source while providing cooling and high-grade heat energy, solving the problem of low heat source utilization and meeting the high-temperature heat energy requirements in the production process; converting low-grade waste heat into cooling and high-grade heat energy can achieve a leap in energy quality, which is of great strategic significance for energy conservation and emission reduction. In addition, the unit has the function of combined cooling and heating, which greatly expands the application scenarios and can maximize the economic benefits of the unit.

[0027] 2. Introducing the circulating water used to cool the absorption and condensation chambers in the chiller into the medium-pressure evaporation chamber of the heat engine for cooling and temperature reduction reduces the operating load of the air-cooled tower and saves electricity. On the other hand, the heat contained in the circulating water is used to raise the temperature in the heat engine and convert it into high-grade heat energy, which can achieve a leap in energy quality and has important strategic significance for achieving energy conservation and emission reduction.

[0028] 3. By replacing the booster pump and pressure reducing valve with an impeller turbine booster, the pressure energy of the high-pressure secondary rich liquid can be used to boost the high-temperature waste water, so that the energy lost by the original throttling is converted into the pressure energy of the high-temperature waste water. This enables the deep utilization of the energy inside the unit and improves the unit's COP.

[0029] 4. Integrating the generator, condenser, evaporator, and absorber together, and further integrating the low-pressure generator, low-pressure condenser, medium-pressure evaporator, and medium-pressure absorber together, reduces the cost of equipment and piping, greatly reduces the unit's footprint, and facilitates skid-mounted installation of the unit. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cooling and heating unit that makes deep use of heat sources according to the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the chiller and the heat engine in the cooling and heating unit of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the heat engine and the cold engine of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Diagram of the AA direction;

[0034] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the turbocharger structure of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Generator; 2. Condenser; 3. Evaporator; 4. Absorber; 5. First expansion valve; 6. First solution pump; 7. First pressure reducing valve; 8. Low-pressure generator; 9. Low-pressure condenser; 10. Medium-pressure evaporator; 11. Medium-pressure absorber; 12. Second pressure reducing valve; 13. Second expansion valve; 14. Refrigerant pump; 15. On / off valve; 16. Heat source flash tank; 17. Booster; 18. Ejector; 19. High-pressure suction... 20. Absorber; 21. Pressure reducer; 22. Second solution pump; 23. Turbine booster; 24. Impeller turbine; 25. Drive shaft; 26. Heat engine; 27. Medium-pressure absorption chamber; 28. Medium-pressure evaporation chamber; 29. ​​Low-pressure condensation chamber; 20. Low-pressure generating chamber; 21. First partition; 22. Cooler; 23. Absorption chamber; 24. Evaporation chamber; 24. Condensation chamber; 24. Generating chamber; 25. Second partition. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Please see Figure 1 A cooling and heating unit that makes deep use of heat sources includes: a refrigeration unit, a heating unit, a heat source flash tank 16, and a high-pressure absorber 19.

[0039] It should be noted that the refrigeration unit uses an external heat source to generate cooling capacity, and the heating unit uses the heat source after the refrigeration unit has been used to generate cooling capacity to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit. The high-pressure absorber 19 is used to mix the heat source after the heating unit has been used with the external heat source and absorb the heat generated by mixing the lean liquid produced by the heating unit with the gaseous refrigerant. The heat source flash tank 16 uses the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber 19 for heating.

[0040] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 1The refrigeration unit includes a generator 1, a condenser 2, an evaporator 3, an absorber 4, a first expansion valve 5, a first solution pump 6, and a first pressure reducing valve 7; the heating unit includes a low-pressure generator 8, a low-pressure condenser 9, a medium-pressure evaporator 10, a medium-pressure absorber 11, a second pressure reducing valve 12, a second expansion valve 13, and a refrigerant pump 14; the cooling and heating unit also includes a booster 17, an ejector 18, a pressure reducing valve 20, and a second solution pump 21; the heat source outlet of the generator 1 is connected to the heat source inlet of the low-pressure generator 8, the circulating water inlet of the absorber 4 is connected to the circulating water outlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10, the circulating inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 is connected to the circulating water outlet of the condenser 2 and an external circulating water pipe via a three-way pipe, and a switch valve 15 is provided between the circulating inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 and the external circulating water pipe; the low-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet of the low-pressure condenser 9 is connected to the inlet of the refrigerant pump 14, and a valve is provided on the outlet of the refrigerant pump 14. There is a three-way pipe. One outlet of the three-way pipe is connected to the high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the medium-pressure absorber 11, and the other outlet of the three-way pipe is connected to the medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator 10 through the second expansion valve 13. The low-pressure lean liquid outlet of the low-pressure generator 8 is connected to the high-pressure lean liquid inlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 through the second solution pump 21. The heat source outlet of the low-pressure generator 8 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 18. The secondary rich liquid outlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the medium-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet of the medium-pressure absorber 11 through the pressure reducer 20. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet of the medium-pressure absorber 11. The medium-low temperature waste water inlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the outlet of the ejector 18. The high-temperature waste water outlet of the high-pressure absorber 19 is connected to the inlet of the heat source flash tank 16 through the booster 17. The high-temperature waste water outlet of the heat source flash tank 16 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 18.

[0041] A cooling and heating process that makes deep use of heat sources includes the following steps:

[0042] The medium-temperature waste water (external heat source) is divided into two paths. One path enters generator 1, where it heats the high-pressure rich liquid delivered from absorber 4 by the first solution pump 6. This causes most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the high-pressure rich liquid to desorb, becoming high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters condenser 2, where it is cooled by circulating water into high-pressure liquid refrigerant. After being depressurized by the first expansion valve 5, it becomes low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters evaporator 3, where it absorbs heat from the refrigerant and vaporizes. The refrigerant is converted into a low-pressure gaseous state (the cooled refrigerant is used for cooling). The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the absorber 4. The high-pressure lean liquid remaining in the generator 1 after the generation process is reduced to a low-pressure lean liquid by the first pressure reducing valve 7 and then enters the absorber 4. It mixes with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the evaporator 3 to become a low-pressure rich liquid. The low-pressure rich liquid is pressurized by the first solution pump 6 and then sent to the generator 1 to continue the circulation. The circulating water is first used to cool the solution in the absorber 4 and then used to cool the condenser 2.

[0043] The medium-temperature waste water entering generator 1 is cooled down to a secondary medium-temperature waste water by heat absorption. This secondary medium-temperature waste water then enters low-pressure generator 8 as a heat source to heat the low-pressure rich liquid that has been depressurized by the second pressure reducing valve 12. This causes most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the low-pressure rich liquid to desorb, becoming low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters low-pressure condenser 9 and is cooled by circulating water into low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant is then pressurized by refrigerant pump 14 into high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is then split into two paths: one path is depressurized by the second expansion valve 13 into medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, which enters medium-pressure evaporator 10 and absorbs the refrigerant exiting from condenser 2. The circulating water is vaporized into medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant by absorbing heat, and the medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the medium-pressure absorber 11; another high-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the medium-pressure absorber 11 as a cold source. The medium-pressure secondary rich liquid from the pressure reducer 20 is mixed with the medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the medium-pressure evaporator 10 in the medium-pressure absorber 11 to become medium-pressure rich liquid. The medium-pressure rich liquid is introduced into the low-pressure generator 8 after passing through the second pressure reducing valve 12 for circulation. The heat released during the mixing process is absorbed by the cold source (high-pressure liquid refrigerant) entering the medium-pressure absorber 11. The cold source absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which then enters the high-pressure absorber 19.

[0044] The low-pressure lean liquid remaining after the generation process in the low-pressure generator 8 is pressurized into a high-pressure lean liquid by the second solution pump 21. The high-pressure lean liquid enters the high-pressure absorber 19 and mixes with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant (the cold source after use in the medium-pressure absorber 11) delivered from the medium-pressure absorber 11 to become a high-pressure secondary rich liquid. The high-pressure secondary rich liquid is depressurized into a medium-pressure secondary rich liquid by the pressure reducer 20 and is used to input into the medium-pressure absorber 11.

[0045] The secondary medium-temperature waste water entering the low-pressure generator 8 is cooled down to low-temperature waste water by absorbing heat. The low-temperature waste water enters the ejector 18 and is mixed by a medium-temperature waste water (external heat source) to become medium-low temperature waste water. The medium-low temperature waste water enters the high-pressure absorber 19 to absorb the heat generated by the mixing of high-pressure lean liquid and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. After absorbing heat, the medium-low temperature waste water becomes high-temperature waste water.

[0046] The high-temperature waste water is pressurized by the booster 17 into high-pressure high-temperature waste water. The high-pressure high-temperature waste water enters the heat source flash tank 16 for flashing, and becomes high-temperature steam for use in the heat treatment. The flashed high-temperature waste water enters the ejector 18 and mixes with the medium-temperature waste water as an ejector source to continue the subsequent cycle.

[0047] It should be noted that the circulating water is divided into two paths. One path enters the low-pressure condenser 9, where it acts as a cold source to condense the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then flows out of the low-pressure condenser. The other path of circulating water enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10 through the switch valve 15. When the charge reaches the process requirements, the switch valve 15 is closed. The circulating water is cooled down in the medium-pressure evaporator 10 and then acts as a cold source, entering the absorber 4 and condenser 2 in sequence to cool them down. The heated circulating water then enters the medium-pressure evaporator 10 again to be cooled down, and then continues to circulate in the absorber 4, condenser 2 and medium-pressure evaporator 10.

[0048] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 The booster 17 can be a booster pump, and the pressure reducer 20 can be a pressure reducing valve. The booster 17 and pressure reducer 20 can also be a turbine booster 22. The turbine booster 22 includes two impeller turbines 221 and a drive shaft 222. The impeller turbine 221 includes a housing and an impeller located inside the housing. The two impellers are driven by the drive shaft 222. After the high-pressure secondary rich liquid is discharged, it will drive the impeller of one impeller turbine 221 to rotate. Through the drive shaft 222, it will drive the impeller of the other impeller turbine 221 to rotate, which is used to boost the pressure of the high-temperature waste water and reduce the pressure of the high-pressure secondary rich liquid. By using the turbine booster 22 instead of the booster pump and pressure reducing valve, the pressure energy of the high-pressure secondary rich liquid can be used to boost the pressure of the high-temperature waste water, so that the energy originally lost by throttling is converted into the pressure energy of the high-temperature waste water, which can realize the deep utilization of the energy inside the unit.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] As a further optimization of Example 1, please refer to Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4Heat engine 23 replaces low-pressure generator 8, low-pressure condenser 9, medium-pressure evaporator 10 and medium-pressure absorber 11, and cold engine 24 replaces generator 1, condenser 2, evaporator 3 and absorber 4. Both heat engine 23 and cold engine 24 are fixed tube sheet heat exchangers whose main structure consists of end caps, tube box sections, tube sheets, heat exchange tubes and shell. The left and right end caps and tube box sections are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets respectively. The shell is welded and fixed between the left and right tube sheets. The heat exchange tubes are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets. The heat exchange tubes are located inside the shell and are used to connect the tube box sections on the left and right sides.

[0051] The heat engine 23 has a first partition 235 in the inner cavity. The first partition 235 is cross-shaped and is coated with an insulation layer. The first partition 235 is used to divide the inner cavity of the heat engine 23 into a medium-pressure absorption cavity 231, a medium-pressure evaporation cavity 232, a low-pressure condensation cavity 233 and a low-pressure generating cavity 234.

[0052] The shell of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 is equipped with a spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle). The shell of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 is equipped with a medium-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet and a medium-pressure rich liquid outlet. The medium-pressure secondary rich liquid inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the pressure reducer 20 through a pipe. The medium-pressure rich liquid outlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 12 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 are respectively equipped with a high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet and a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the outlet of the refrigerant pump 14 through a pipe. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant outlet is connected to the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet on the shell of the high-pressure absorber 19 through a pipe.

[0053] The shell of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 is equipped with a spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle). The shell of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 is equipped with a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet. The medium-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the second expansion valve 13 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 are respectively equipped with a circulating water outlet and an inlet. The circulating water outlet on the left pipe box of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 is connected to the circulating water inlet on the left pipe box of the absorption chamber 241 in the chiller 24 through a pipe. The circulating water inlet on the right pipe box of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 is connected to the circulating water outlet on the left pipe box of the condensation chamber 243 in the chiller 24 through a three-way pipe. The other port of the three-way pipe is equipped with a switch valve 15.

[0054] The shell of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 is provided with a low-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet, which is connected to the refrigerant pump 14 and the second expansion valve 13 through a pipe; the left and right pipe boxes of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 are respectively provided with circulating water inlet and outlet;

[0055] The housing of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 is equipped with a spray assembly (including spray pipes and nozzles). The housing of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 is equipped with a low-pressure rich liquid inlet and a low-pressure lean liquid outlet. The low-pressure rich liquid inlet is connected to the second pressure reducing valve 12 through a pipe, and the low-pressure lean liquid outlet is connected to the second solution pump 21 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 are respectively equipped with a low-temperature waste water outlet and a secondary medium-temperature waste water inlet. The low-temperature waste water outlet is connected to the inlet of the ejector 18 through a pipe, and the secondary medium-temperature waste water inlet is connected to the secondary medium-temperature waste water outlet on the right pipe box of the generating chamber 244 in the chiller 24 through a pipe.

[0056] The inner cavity of the chiller 24 is provided with a second partition 245, which is cross-shaped and coated with an insulation layer. The second partition 245 is used to divide the inner cavity of the chiller 24 into an absorption cavity 241, an evaporation cavity 242, a condensation cavity 243 and a generation cavity 244.

[0057] The absorption chamber 241 is equipped with a spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) inside its shell. The absorption chamber 241 is equipped with a low-pressure lean liquid inlet and a low-pressure rich liquid outlet. The low-pressure lean liquid inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the first pressure reducing valve 7 through a pipe. The low-pressure rich liquid outlet is connected to the first solution pump 6 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the absorption chamber 241 are respectively equipped with a circulating water inlet and outlet.

[0058] The evaporator chamber 242 is equipped with a spray assembly (including a spray pipe and a nozzle) inside its shell. The evaporator chamber 242 is equipped with a low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the first expansion valve 5 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the evaporator chamber 242 are respectively equipped with a refrigerant inlet and outlet.

[0059] The condensing chamber 243 has a high-pressure liquid refrigerant outlet on its shell, which is connected to the first expansion valve 5 through a pipe; the left and right pipe boxes of the condensing chamber 243 are respectively provided with circulating water inlet and outlet, and the circulating water inlet on the right pipe box of the condensing chamber 243 is connected to the circulating water outlet on the right pipe box of the absorption chamber 241 through a pipe.

[0060] The generating chamber 244 is equipped with a spray assembly (including spray pipes and nozzles) inside its shell. The generating chamber 244 is equipped with a high-pressure rich liquid inlet and a high-pressure lean liquid outlet. The high-pressure rich liquid inlet is connected to the first solution pump 6 through a pipe, and the high-pressure lean liquid outlet is connected to the first pressure reducing valve 7 through a pipe. The left and right pipe boxes of the generating chamber 244 are respectively equipped with a medium-temperature waste water inlet and a secondary medium-temperature waste water outlet.

[0061] The main structure of the high-pressure absorber 19 is a fixed tube sheet heat exchanger consisting of end caps, tube box sections, tube sheets, heat exchange tubes, and a shell. The left and right end caps and tube box sections are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets, respectively. The shell is welded and fixed between the left and right tube sheets, and the heat exchange tubes are welded and fixed to the left and right tube sheets. The shell of the high-pressure absorber 19 is equipped with a spray assembly (including spray pipes and nozzles). The shell is equipped with a high-pressure gaseous refrigerant inlet, a high-pressure lean liquid inlet, and a high-pressure secondary rich liquid outlet. The high-pressure lean liquid inlet is connected to the spray pipe and the second solution pump 21 through a pipe. The high-pressure secondary rich liquid outlet is connected to the pressure reducer 20 through a pipe. The left and right tube boxes of the high-pressure absorber 19 are equipped with a medium-low temperature waste water inlet and a high temperature waste water outlet, respectively. The medium-low temperature waste water inlet is connected to the outlet of the ejector 18 through a pipe. The high temperature waste water outlet is connected to the inlet of the booster 17 and the heat source flash tank 16 through a pipe.

[0062] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 3 and Figure 4 The high-pressure absorber 19 is mounted above the hot engine 23 via a support plate, and the cold engine 24 is mounted above the high-pressure absorber 19 via a support plate.

[0063] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 4 An opening is provided between the shell of the absorption chamber 241 and the shell of the evaporation chamber 242 (the opening is located on the second partition 245), which allows the inner cavity of the absorption chamber 241 to communicate with the inner cavity of the evaporation chamber 242; an opening is also provided between the shell of the condensation chamber 243 and the shell of the generating chamber 244 (the opening is located on the second partition 245), which allows the inner cavity of the condensation chamber 243 to communicate with the inner cavity of the generating chamber 244; an opening is also provided between the shell of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 and the shell of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232. An opening (located on the first partition 235) is provided to connect the inner cavity of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 with the inner cavity of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232; an opening (located on the first partition 235) is provided between the shell of the low-pressure condensation chamber 233 and the shell of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 to connect the inner cavity of the low-pressure condensation chamber 233 with the inner cavity of the low-pressure generating chamber 234; a baffle plate is installed in the opening to prevent the solution from passing through the opening; the opening is designed to reduce the laying of pipelines.

[0064] A cooling and heating process that makes deep use of heat sources includes the following steps:

[0065] The medium-temperature waste water (external heat source) is divided into two paths. One path enters the tube side of the generating chamber 244 of the chiller 24, heating the high-pressure rich liquid delivered from the absorption chamber 241 of the chiller 24 by the first solution pump 6. This causes most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the high-pressure rich liquid to desorb, becoming high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the shell side of the condensing chamber 243 of the chiller 24, where it is cooled into high-pressure liquid refrigerant by the circulating water in the tube side of the condensing chamber 243. After being depressurized into low-pressure liquid refrigerant by the first expansion valve 5, the low-pressure liquid refrigerant enters the shell side of the evaporating chamber 242 of the chiller 24, absorbing the refrigerant in the tube side of the evaporating chamber 242 of the chiller 24. The heat is used to vaporize into low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant enters the shell side of the absorption chamber 241 of the chiller 24. In the shell side of the generating chamber 244 of the chiller 24, the high-pressure lean liquid remaining in the generating process is reduced to low-pressure lean liquid by the first pressure reducing valve 7 and enters the shell side of the absorption chamber 241 of the chiller 24. It mixes with the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant coming out of the shell side of the evaporating chamber 242 of the chiller 24 to become low-pressure rich liquid. The low-pressure rich liquid is pressurized by the first solution pump 6 and sent into the shell side of the generating chamber 244 of the chiller 24 to continue the circulation. The circulating water is first used to cool the solution in the absorption chamber 241 of the chiller 24, and then used to cool the condensing chamber 243 of the chiller 24.

[0066] The intermediate-temperature waste water entering the tube side of the generating chamber 244 of the chiller 24 is cooled down to a secondary intermediate-temperature waste water. This secondary intermediate-temperature waste water then enters the tube side of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23, heating the low-pressure rich liquid that has been depressurized by the second pressure reducing valve 12. This causes most of the low-boiling-point refrigerant in the low-pressure rich liquid to desorb, becoming a low-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The low-pressure gaseous refrigerant then enters the shell side of the low-pressure condensing chamber 233 of the heat engine 23, where it is cooled by circulating water into a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The low-pressure liquid refrigerant is then pressurized by the refrigerant pump 14 into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant is split into two paths: one path is depressurized by the second expansion valve 13 into a medium-pressure liquid refrigerant, which then enters the shell side of the medium-pressure evaporating chamber 232 of the heat engine 23, absorbing heat from the circulating water exiting the tube side of the condensing chamber 243 of the chiller 24 and vaporizing. One path is a medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which enters the shell side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23. The other path is a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, which enters the tube side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23 as a cold source. The medium-pressure rich liquid from the pressure reducer 20 mixes with the medium-pressure gaseous refrigerant from the shell side of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 of the heat engine 23 in the shell side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23 to become a medium-pressure rich liquid. The medium-pressure rich liquid is introduced into the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23 after passing through the second pressure reducing valve 12 for circulation. The heat released during the mixing process is absorbed by the cold source (high-pressure liquid refrigerant) in the tube side of the medium-pressure absorption chamber 231 of the heat engine 23. The cold source (high-pressure liquid refrigerant) absorbs heat and vaporizes into high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which then enters the shell side of the high-pressure absorber 19.

[0067] In the shell side of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23, the low-pressure lean liquid remaining after the generation process is pressurized into high-pressure lean liquid by the second solution pump 21. The high-pressure lean liquid enters the shell side of the high-pressure absorber 19 and mixes with the high-pressure gaseous refrigerant delivered from the medium-pressure absorber 231 to become high-pressure secondary rich liquid. The high-pressure secondary rich liquid is depressurized into medium-pressure secondary rich liquid by the pressure reducer 20 and is used to input into the shell side of the medium-pressure absorber 231 of the heat engine 23.

[0068] The secondary medium-temperature waste water entering the tube side of the low-pressure generating chamber 234 of the heat engine 23 is cooled down to low-temperature waste water by absorbing heat. The low-temperature waste water enters the ejector 18 and is mixed by a medium-temperature waste water to become medium-low temperature waste water. The medium-low temperature waste water enters the tube side of the high-pressure absorber 19 to absorb the heat generated by the mixing of high-pressure lean liquid and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. After absorbing heat, the medium-low temperature waste water becomes high-temperature waste water.

[0069] High-temperature waste water is discharged from the high-pressure absorber 19 and pressurized by the booster 17 to become high-pressure high-temperature waste water. The high-pressure high-temperature waste water enters the heat source flash tank 16 for flashing and becomes high-temperature steam for use in the heat treatment. The flashed high-temperature waste water enters the ejector 18 and mixes with the medium-temperature waste water as an ejector source to continue the subsequent cycle.

[0070] The circulating water is divided into two paths. One path enters the tube side of the low-pressure condenser 233 of the heat engine 23, where it condenses into the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant in the shell side of the low-pressure condenser 233 as a cold source, and then flows out from the tube side of the low-pressure condenser 233. The other path of circulating water first enters the tube side of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 of the heat engine 23 through the switching valve 15. When the charge amount reaches the process requirements, the switching valve 15 is closed. The circulating water flows through the tube side of the medium-pressure evaporator 232 of the heat engine 23. After being cooled down, the circulating water, acting as a cold source, sequentially enters the tube side of the absorption chamber 241 and the condensation chamber 243 of the chiller 24, respectively, to cool down the absorption chamber 241 and the condensation chamber 243 of the chiller 24. The heated circulating water then re-enters the tube side of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23 to be cooled down, and then continues to circulate in the tube side of the absorption chamber 241, the tube side of the condensation chamber 243 of the chiller 24, and the tube side of the medium-pressure evaporation chamber 232 of the heat engine 23.

[0071] The embodiments described above are merely examples of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source, characterized in that, include: Refrigeration unit, heating unit, heat source flash tank (16) and high pressure absorber (19); The refrigeration unit uses an external heat source to generate cooling capacity, and the heating unit uses the heat source after the refrigeration unit has been used to generate cooling capacity to cool the circulating water of the refrigeration unit. The high-pressure absorber (19) is used to mix the heat source after the heating unit has been used with the external heat source and absorb the heat generated by mixing the lean liquid produced by the heating unit with the gaseous refrigerant. The heat source flash tank (16) uses the heat source discharged from the high-pressure absorber (19) to generate heat. The refrigeration unit includes a generator (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3) and an absorber (4), and the heating unit includes a low-pressure generator (8), a low-pressure condenser (9), a medium-pressure evaporator (10) and a medium-pressure absorber (11). The medium-pressure evaporator (10) is used to cool the circulating water discharged from the condenser (2) and introduce the cooled circulating water into the absorber (4). The heating unit also includes a second pressure reducing valve (12), a second expansion valve (13), and a refrigerant pump (14). The second pressure reducing valve (12) is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced into the low-pressure generator (8) by the medium-pressure absorber (11). The refrigerant pump (14) is used to introduce the liquid refrigerant discharged from the low-pressure condenser (9) into the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and the medium-pressure absorber (11) respectively. The second expansion valve (13) is used to reduce the pressure of the liquid refrigerant introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator (10) by the refrigerant pump (14). The circulating water inlets of the low-pressure condenser (9) and the medium-pressure evaporator (10) are connected to an external circulating water pipe. The circulating water inlet of the medium-pressure evaporator (10) is provided with a switch valve (15). The cooling and heating unit also includes a booster (17), an ejector (18), a pressure reducer (20), and a second solution pump (21). The second solution pump (21) is used to transport the lean liquid discharged from the low-pressure generator (8) to the high-pressure absorber (19). The ejector (18) is used to introduce the heat source after the low-pressure generator (8) has been used into the high-pressure absorber (19) using an external heat source. The booster (17) is used to pressurize the heat source introduced into the heat source flash tank (16) of the high-pressure absorber (19). The pressure reducer (20) is used to reduce the pressure of the rich liquid introduced into the medium-pressure absorber (11) of the high-pressure absorber (19). The inlet of the ejector (18) is connected to the outlet of the heat source flash tank (16).

2. A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration unit also includes a first expansion valve (5), a first solution pump (6), and a first pressure reducing valve (7).

3. A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that, A turbocharger (22) is used instead of a booster (17) and a pressure reducer (20). The turbocharger (22) includes two impeller turbines (221) and a drive shaft (222). The impellers of the two impeller turbines (221) are driven by the drive shaft (222).

4. A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source according to claim 1, characterized in that, A heat engine (23) is used instead of a low-pressure generator (8), a low-pressure condenser (9), a medium-pressure evaporator (10), and a medium-pressure absorber (11). A cold engine (24) is used instead of a generator (1), a condenser (2), an evaporator (3), and an absorber (4). Both the heat engine (23) and the cold engine (24) are fixed tube sheet heat exchangers whose main structure consists of a head, a tube box section, a tube sheet, heat exchange tubes, and a shell. The heat engine (23) includes a medium-pressure absorption chamber (231), a medium-pressure evaporation chamber (232), a low-pressure condensation chamber (233), and a low-pressure generation chamber (234). The cold engine (24) includes an absorption chamber (241), an evaporation chamber (242), a condensation chamber (243), and a generation chamber (244).

5. A cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source according to claim 4, characterized in that, The medium-pressure absorption chamber (231), medium-pressure evaporation chamber (232), low-pressure condensation chamber (233) and low-pressure generating chamber (234) are separated by a first partition (235), and the absorption chamber (241), evaporation chamber (242), condensation chamber (243) and generating chamber (244) are separated by a second partition (245).

6. A cooling and heating process that deeply utilizes a heat source, employing a cooling and heating unit that deeply utilizes a heat source as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A heat source enters the generator (1) to heat the rich liquid and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condenser (2) and is condensed into liquid refrigerant by circulating water. Then it enters the evaporator (3) to absorb the heat of the heat transfer fluid. After the generator (1) is used, the heat source enters the low-pressure generator (8) to heat the rich liquid and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condenser (9) and is condensed into liquid refrigerant. Then, it is introduced into the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and the medium-pressure absorber (11) by the refrigerant pump (14). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the circulating water discharged from the condenser (2) in the medium-pressure evaporator (10) and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the medium-pressure absorber (11). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of gaseous refrigerant and secondary rich liquid in the medium-pressure absorber (11) and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber (19). The ejector (18) introduces the heat source after the low-pressure generator (8) is used into the high-pressure absorber (19) through the external heat source, absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid, and the heat source after absorbing the heat is input into the heat source flash tank (16) to generate heat.

7. A cooling and heating process for deep utilization of a heat source, utilizing a cooling and heating unit for deep utilization of a heat source as described in any one of claims 4-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: A heat source enters the generating chamber (244) to heat the rich liquid therein and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the condensing chamber (243) and is condensed into liquid refrigerant by circulating water. Then it enters the evaporating chamber (242) to absorb the heat of the heat transfer fluid. After the heat source in the generating chamber (244) is used, it enters the low-pressure generating chamber (234) to heat the rich liquid and produce gaseous refrigerant. The gaseous refrigerant enters the low-pressure condensing chamber (233) and is condensed into liquid refrigerant. Then, it is introduced into the medium-pressure evaporating chamber (232) and the medium-pressure absorption chamber (231) by the refrigerant pump (14). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat of the circulating water discharged from the condensing chamber (243) in the medium-pressure evaporating chamber (232) and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the medium-pressure absorption chamber (231). The liquid refrigerant absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of gaseous refrigerant and secondary rich liquid in the medium-pressure absorption chamber (231) and vaporizes into gaseous refrigerant and enters the high-pressure absorber (19). The ejector (18) introduces the heat source after the low-pressure generating chamber (234) is used into the high-pressure absorber (19) through the external heat source, absorbs the heat generated by the mixing of gaseous refrigerant and lean liquid, and the heat source after absorbing the heat is input into the heat source flash tank (16) to generate heat.

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