Charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method and device, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and is used for solving the technical problems that a calculation result is not accurate enough in a near field, the model convergence is insufficient and a simulation result is unstable due to the fact that a currently adopted dipole model is relatively large in limitation. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring observation data of a lightning channel; according to the observation data, introducing a continuity equation to carry out position separation on charges and current of the lightning channel, and carrying out position adjustment on the charges after position separation; and performing electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the charges subjected to position adjustment to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel. Therefore, the positions of the charges and the current are separated by introducing a continuity equation, the charge distribution can be adjusted more flexibly, the positions of charge elements can be adjusted freely, errors caused by position limitation under the near-field condition are reduced, and the calculation stability and efficiency are improved while the near-field calculation precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electromagnetic field simulation technology, and in particular to a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method, device, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] In numerical simulations of electromagnetic fields, especially lightning channel simulations, the discretization element size directly affects the convergence and accuracy of the calculation. As a complex, transient, high-frequency current source, the charge and current distribution of a lightning channel exhibit dynamic spatial variations.

[0003] Currently, the dipole model is primarily used for discrete simulation of lightning channels. In this model, the positions of the charge and current elements are fixed. That is, the charge can only be distributed at the ends of the current element. The limitations of the dipole model are particularly evident in electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference simulations. The traditional dipole model tightly couples the positions of the charge and current elements, limiting the accurate description of the electromagnetic field. This is especially true in near-field and complex transient environments. These limitations not only lead to inaccurate calculation results in the near field but also restrict the size of the discrete elements. Overly large discrete elements can lead to insufficient model convergence and unstable simulation results. Therefore, the dipole model can only be discretized finely while maintaining small elements, which undoubtedly significantly increases the computational burden. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method, device, electronic device and storage medium, which are used to solve or partially solve the technical problems that the currently used dipole model has large limitations, resulting in inaccurate calculation results in the near field, insufficient model convergence and unstable simulation results.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for analyzing a charge fluctuation lightning channel, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain observation data of lightning channels;

[0007] Based on the observation data, a continuity equation is introduced to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel, and positionally adjust the separated charge;

[0008] An electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction is performed according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0009] Optionally, the observation data includes charge density, a source point where the charge and current are located before position separation, and a spatial distance between the source point and an observation point; and introducing a continuity equation to perform position separation on the charge and current in the lightning channel based on the observation data includes:

[0010] A continuity equation is constructed according to the charge density, the source point, and the spatial distance; the continuity equation is used to perform position decoupling on the charge and current in the lightning channel to achieve position separation between the charge and the current.

[0011] Optionally, the continuity equation is expressed as follows:

[0012]

[0013] in, Indicates current; represents the charge density; Represents the spatial coordinate in the vertical direction; Represents the spatial distance between the source point and the observation point; represents the speed of light; Represents a time variable.

[0014] Optionally, the position adjustment of the positionally separated charges includes:

[0015] The vertical coordinate of the separated charges is set to be consistent with the vertical coordinate of the current.

[0016] Optionally, performing electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel includes:

[0017] Calculate the magnetic vector potential from the current distribution and the electric potential from the position-adjusted charges;

[0018] constructing an initial electric field distribution under lossless ground conditions based on the electric potential and the magnetic vector potential; the initial electric field distribution includes a horizontal electric field component and a vertical electric field component;

[0019] Taking into account the lossy ground condition, performing electric field correction on the horizontal electric field component to obtain a corrected horizontal electric field component;

[0020] A target electric field distribution is constructed according to the corrected horizontal electric field component and the vertical electric field component as the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0021] Optionally, the calculation expression of the potential is as follows:

[0022]

[0023] The calculation expression of the magnetic vector potential is as follows:

[0024]

[0025] in, Indicates time The electric potential; represents the dielectric constant of vacuum; Indicates the location of the observation point; Indicates the location of the charge after position adjustment; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; Represents the electric field from Spread to the time required; express The charge density at ; express The charge density at ; represents the integrated volume; represents the magnetic vector potential, Indicates time The magnetic vector potential; represents the vacuum permeability; Indicates the location of current distribution after position separation; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; The magnetic field from Spread to the time required; express The current density at express The current density at .

[0026] Optionally, the horizontal electric field component is corrected by the following formula:

[0027]

[0028]

[0029] in, represents the corrected horizontal electric field component under lossy ground conditions; It represents the horizontal electric field component under lossless ground conditions; represents the horizontal electric field correction term; represents the magnetic vector potential component perpendicular to the ground; represents the magnetic vector potential component In the horizontal direction Partial derivatives on ; represents the surface conductivity; Represents the angular frequency.

[0030] The present invention also provides a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis device, comprising:

[0031] A data acquisition unit, used for acquiring observation data of the lightning channel;

[0032] a position separation adjustment unit, configured to introduce a continuity equation to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel according to the observation data, and to positionally adjust the position of the positionally separated charge;

[0033] The electromagnetic field calculation unit is used to perform electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0034] The present invention further provides an electronic device, comprising a processor and a memory:

[0035] The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor;

[0036] The processor is configured to execute the charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method as described above according to instructions in the program code.

[0037] The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code, and the program code is used to execute the charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method as described in any one of the above items.

[0038] It can be seen from the above technical solutions that the present invention has the following advantages:

[0039] A method for analyzing charge-fluctuation lightning channels is provided. First, observational data of the lightning channel is obtained. Then, based on the observational data, a continuity equation is introduced to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel, and the position of the separated charge is adjusted. Finally, an electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction is performed based on the current distribution and the position-adjusted charge to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel. Thus, by introducing the continuity equation to separate the position of charge and current, the traditional dipole model is improved, which is equivalent to constructing a new charge-fluctuation analysis model for charge-fluctuation lightning channel analysis. Based on the positional decoupling and position adjustment of charge and current, the charge distribution can be adjusted more flexibly, allowing the position of the charge element to be freely adjusted, reducing the error caused by position restrictions under near-field conditions, thereby improving the accuracy of near-field calculations while enhancing computational stability and efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method;

[0043] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-scale photovoltaic system in a specific example;

[0044] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the voltage difference between blocking diodes when a traditional model induces lightning strikes at different distances;

[0045] Figure 5 A schematic diagram comparing the voltage difference between blocking diodes when induced lightning strikes at different distances before and after cable path optimization;

[0046] Figure 6 This is a structural block diagram of a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] Embodiments of the present invention provide a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method, device, electronic device and storage medium, which are used to solve or partially solve the technical problems that the currently used dipole model has large limitations, resulting in inaccurate calculation results in the near field, insufficient model convergence, and unstable simulation results.

[0048] In order to make the purpose, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described below are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] As an example, the dipole model is currently primarily used for discrete simulation of lightning channels. In this model, the positions of the charge and current elements are fixed. That is, the charge can only be distributed at the ends of the current element. The limitations of the dipole model are particularly evident in electromagnetic compatibility and electromagnetic interference simulations. The traditional dipole model tightly couples the positions of the charge and current elements, limiting the accurate description of the electromagnetic field. This is especially true in near-field and complex transient environments. These model limitations not only lead to inaccurate calculation results in the near field but also restrict the size of the discrete elements. Overly large discrete elements can lead to insufficient model convergence and unstable simulation results. Therefore, the dipole model can only be discretized finely while maintaining small element sizes, which significantly increases the computational burden.

[0050] After further analysis, the present invention found that the current dipole model has the following two major defects:

[0051] First, the tight coupling of charge and current positions leads to inaccurate near-field calculations and a lack of flexibility.

[0052] The dipole model assumes that charge can only be located at the two ends of the current element. This tight coupling in position limits the independent distribution of charge and current. In near-field conditions, since the spatial distance between charge and current cannot be adjusted, the positions of charge and current may be significantly different from the observation point, making it impossible to accurately describe changes in the electromagnetic field and affecting the accuracy of near-field calculations. This is particularly true in the calculation of transient current sources such as lightning channels. Furthermore, since the dipole model can only distribute charge at the two ends of the current element, it lacks flexible control over charge and current distribution, limiting its application in complex electromagnetic environments.

[0053] Secondly, the size of discrete units is limited and the computational efficiency is low.

[0054] When discretizing lightning channels using a dipole model, the charge and current positions are coupled, making it impossible to use larger element sizes (increasing element size leads to insufficient model convergence and numerical instability). Consequently, smaller discrete elements are required to maintain model convergence and computational accuracy. This significantly increases the computational workload and time, impacting overall computational efficiency. This not only increases computational complexity but also places high demands on computing resources, making it difficult to meet the demand for rapid response.

[0055] With the deepening of research on lightning electromagnetic effects and antenna near-field regions, there is an urgent need to improve the dipole model so that it can provide high-precision near-field calculations while maintaining high computational efficiency.

[0056] Therefore, one of the core invention points of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method. By introducing the continuity equation to separate the position of charge and current, the traditional dipole model is improved, which is equivalent to constructing a new charge fluctuation analysis model for charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis. Based on the position decoupling and position adjustment of charge and current, the charge distribution can be adjusted more flexibly, so that the position of the charge element can be freely adjusted, reducing the error caused by position restrictions under near-field conditions, thereby improving the near-field calculation accuracy while improving the calculation stability and efficiency. At the same time, the constructed charge fluctuation analysis model also allows the discrete unit size of the lightning channel to be increased while maintaining convergence, reducing the number of discrete units, that is, reducing the need to refine the discrete units, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing computational complexity and time cost, and improving overall computational efficiency, so that the model can be applied to fast-response electromagnetic field simulation, especially in long-distance lightning channels or high-frequency transient field conditions. Therefore, through the technical solution of the present invention, not only the near-field calculation accuracy can be improved, but also the size of the discrete unit can be increased, while also improving the overall computational efficiency.

[0057] Reference Figure 1 , shows a flowchart of a method for analyzing a charge fluctuation lightning channel provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which may specifically include the following steps:

[0058] Step 101, obtaining observation data of a lightning channel;

[0059] Specifically, the observation data of the lightning channel include charge density, the source point where the charge and current are located before separation (for ease of explanation, the charge and current before separation are regarded as a whole), and the spatial distance between the source point and the observation point.

[0060] Step 102: Based on the observation data, a continuity equation is introduced to perform position separation on the charge and current in the lightning channel, and position adjustment is performed on the separated charge;

[0061] This step primarily separates the positions of charge and current, allowing the spatial position of the charge to be freely adjusted. This overcomes the limitations imposed by the fixed positions of charge and current in the traditional dipole model. Furthermore, to ensure the physical consistency of charge and current, a continuity equation is introduced.

[0062] In a specific implementation, based on observational data, a continuity equation is introduced to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel. This can be accomplished by constructing a continuity equation based on charge density, source point, and spatial distance. The continuity equation is used to positionally decouple the charge and current in the lightning channel, achieving positional separation between them.

[0063] Specifically, the continuity equation is expressed as follows:

[0064]

[0065] in, Indicates current; represents the charge density (unit: coulomb / cubic meter), which indicates the amount of charge per unit volume; Indicates the spatial coordinate in the vertical direction (unit: meter); Represents the spatial distance between the source point (charge / current location) and the observation point (unit: meter); Represents the speed of light (unit: meter per second), with a value of 3×10 8 m / s; Represents a time variable (unit: seconds).

[0066] By decoupling the position of charge from the current, the charge density and current independent distribution, thereby improving near-field accuracy.

[0067] Furthermore, the position of the separated charges is adjusted, specifically by setting the vertical coordinate of the separated charges to be consistent with the vertical coordinate of the current.

[0068] Near-field calculations require a highly accurate description of the instantaneous spatial distribution of charge and current. Traditional dipole models, due to the fixed coupling of charge and current positions, produce significant errors in the near field (e.g., when the lightning channel is ≤50 meters from the observation point). Therefore, based on the computational requirements of the near-field region, this invention aligns the vertical coordinates of charge and current to reduce the spatial distance between them, improving near-field calculation accuracy and convergence.

[0069] Specifically, the charge and current elements are aligned vertically (on the z-axis) so that they share the same z-coordinate, rather than being fixed at both ends of the current element in traditional models. In traditional models, when the discrete elements are large (e.g., 40-50 meters), the spatial separation of charge and current leads to accumulated near-field integration errors. However, when the charge and current positions are aligned, the spatial distance error is reduced and the integration stability is improved.

[0070] Step 103 : performing electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0071] This step mainly implements substituting the position-adjusted charge and current distribution into the electromagnetic field equations for calculation to obtain the electric field and magnetic field components (i.e., electric potential and magnetic vector potential) of the lightning channel, and combines it with the electric field correction to output the final electric field distribution.

[0072] In some embodiments, the process of performing electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel may mainly include the following sub-steps S1 to S4:

[0073] Step S1: Calculate the magnetic vector potential based on the current distribution, and calculate the electric potential based on the position-adjusted charges;

[0074] Specifically, the calculation expression of electric potential is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] The calculation expression of magnetic vector potential is as follows:

[0077]

[0078] in, Indicates time The electric potential; represents the dielectric constant of vacuum; Indicates the location of the observation point; Indicates the location of the charge after position adjustment; express The position of the mirror image (the mirror image term is used to consider the reflection effect of the ground on the electromagnetic field) relative to the ground plane; Represents the electric field from Spread to the time required; express The charge density at ; express The charge density at ; represents the integrated volume; represents the magnetic vector potential, Indicates time The magnetic vector potential; represents the vacuum permeability; Indicates the location of current distribution after position separation; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; The magnetic field from Spread to the time required; express The current density at express The current density at .

[0079] Step S2: constructing the initial electric field distribution under lossless ground conditions based on the electric potential and magnetic vector potential;

[0080] Specifically, the initial electric field distribution under lossless ground conditions is as follows:

[0081]

[0082] in, represents the electric field distribution; Represents gradient calculation.

[0083] Initial electric field distribution It can further include horizontal electric field components and the vertical electric field component .

[0084] Step S3: Considering the lossy ground condition, performing electric field correction on the horizontal electric field component to obtain a corrected horizontal electric field component;

[0085] The vertical electric field component maintains the original lossless ground calculation result, and the horizontal electric field component is corrected by the following formula:

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] in, represents the corrected horizontal electric field component under lossy ground conditions; It represents the horizontal electric field component under lossless ground conditions; represents the horizontal electric field correction term; represents the magnetic vector potential component perpendicular to the ground; represents the magnetic vector potential component In the horizontal direction Partial derivatives on ; represents the surface conductivity; Represents the angular frequency.

[0089] Step S4: constructing a target electric field distribution according to the corrected horizontal electric field component and the vertical electric field component as the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0090] Furthermore, assuming that the target electric field distribution constructed after electric field correction is , you can The integration obtains the coupled voltage source on the transmission line within the influence range of the lightning channel, that is, the external voltage source :

[0091]

[0092] in, Indicates the length of the transmission line.

[0093] In an embodiment of the present invention, a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method is provided. First, by introducing the continuity equation to separate the position of charge and current, the traditional dipole model is improved, which is equivalent to constructing a new charge fluctuation analysis model for charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis. Based on the position decoupling and position adjustment of charge and current, the charge distribution can be adjusted more flexibly, so that the position of the charge element can be freely adjusted, reducing the error caused by position restrictions under near-field conditions, thereby improving the near-field calculation accuracy while improving the calculation stability and efficiency. At the same time, the constructed charge fluctuation analysis model also allows the discrete unit size of the lightning channel to be increased while maintaining convergence, reducing the number of discrete units, that is, reducing the need to refine the discrete units, achieving the purpose of reducing computational complexity and time cost, and improving overall computational efficiency, so that the model can be applied to fast-response electromagnetic field simulation, especially in long-distance lightning channels or high-frequency transient field conditions. Thus, through the technical solution of the present invention, not only the near-field calculation accuracy can be improved, but also the size of the discrete unit can be increased, while also improving the overall computational efficiency.

[0094] For better explanation, refer to Figure 2 , which shows a schematic diagram of the overall process of a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that this embodiment only briefly describes the general process of charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis. The specific implementation process of each step can be understood by referring to the relevant content of the previous embodiment. It is not detailed here. It is understood that the present invention is not limited to this.

[0095] Step 201: Obtain the charge density of the lightning channel, the source point where the charge and current are located before separation, and the spatial distance between the source point and the observation point;

[0096] Step 202: Construct a continuity equation based on the charge density, source point, and spatial distance to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel, and adjust the position of the separated charge.

[0097] Step 203: Calculate the magnetic vector potential based on the current distribution, and calculate the electric potential based on the position-adjusted charges;

[0098] Step 204: constructing an initial electric field distribution including horizontal electric field components and vertical electric field components under lossless ground conditions based on the electric potential and magnetic vector potential;

[0099] Step 205: Considering the lossy ground condition, perform electric field correction on the horizontal electric field component to obtain a corrected horizontal electric field component;

[0100] Step 206: construct a target electric field distribution according to the corrected horizontal electric field component and the vertical electric field component, as the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0101] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention is described below through a specific example.

[0102] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a large-scale photovoltaic system in this example scenario is shown.

[0103] The photovoltaic array (PV array) consists of a row of photovoltaic panels. A DC cable runs from the PV array to the inverter, which is then connected to the transformer via a 5-meter AC cable. For simplicity, the PV system's DC cable, PV structural frame, PV grounding frame, and distribution lines between the inverter and transformer are represented using the Partial Element Equivalent Circuit (PEEC) method. In this example, the DC cable length is 70 meters, the lightning channel discrete unit is 20 meters, and the soil conductivity is 0.01 S / m.

[0104] The traditional model shows the voltage difference between blocking diodes when induced lightning strikes at different distances. Figure 4 As shown. Figure 4 As can be seen in (a) of Figure 1, as the distance of the induced lightning strike decreases, the voltage on the blocking diode rises sharply. When the distance is 120 meters, the diode voltage rises to about 3 kV, exceeding the withstand voltage threshold (100V), putting the diode at risk of permanent breakdown. Figure 4 As can be seen in (b) of Figure 1, when the distance is shortened to 250 meters, the voltage drops to about 140 V. When the distance reaches 300 meters, the voltage drops to below 100 V. Therefore, even in the case of an induced lightning strike, the blocking diodes of large-scale photovoltaic systems may still suffer permanent damage, especially when the lightning strike distance does not exceed 300 meters.

[0105] Because the existing PV cable loop is long, this example adjusts the PV DC cable routing to reduce the induced voltage on the diodes. Specifically, a small 13-meter loop unit is used, with staggered connections every 13 meters. Based on this, the induced voltage transients on the blocking diodes before and after the modification are compared and calculated at three selected distances: 120 meters, 170 meters, and 200 meters.

[0106] For example, a schematic diagram of the comparison of the voltage difference between blocking diodes when induced lightning strikes at different distances before and after cable path optimization is shown in FIG. Figure 5As shown in Figure 2. The blue curve (cable loop) corresponds to the cable before optimization, i.e. the traditional model. The red curve (small coil) corresponds to the cable after optimization, i.e. the charge fluctuation analysis model constructed by the present invention. Figure 5 As can be seen, compared to traditional models, the charge fluctuation analysis model constructed in this invention reduces voltage by 61% to 73% through cable structure optimization. The improved small coil design in this invention significantly reduces the induced overvoltage on the blocking diode, particularly at distances up to 170 meters.

[0107] Reference Figure 6 , shows a structural block diagram of a charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis device provided by an embodiment of the present invention, which may specifically include:

[0108] The data acquisition unit 601 is used to acquire observation data of the lightning channel;

[0109] a position separation adjustment unit 602 for introducing a continuity equation to perform position separation on the charge and current of the lightning channel based on the observation data, and performing position adjustment on the position-separated charge;

[0110] The electromagnetic field calculation unit 603 is configured to perform electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges, to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

[0111] In an optional embodiment, the observation data includes charge density, a source point where the charge and current are located before position separation, and a spatial distance between the source point and the observation point; the position separation adjustment unit 602 includes:

[0112] A position separation unit is used to construct a continuity equation based on the charge density, the source point and the spatial distance; the continuity equation is used to positionally decouple the charge and current in the lightning channel to achieve positional separation between the charge and the current.

[0113] In an optional embodiment, the continuity equation is expressed as follows:

[0114]

[0115] in, Indicates current; represents the charge density; Represents the spatial coordinate in the vertical direction; Represents the spatial distance between the source point and the observation point; represents the speed of light; Represents a time variable.

[0116] In an optional embodiment, the position separation adjustment unit 602 includes:

[0117] The position adjustment unit is used to set the vertical coordinate of the position-separated charges to be consistent with the vertical coordinate of the current.

[0118] In an optional embodiment, the electromagnetic field calculation unit 603 includes:

[0119] An electric potential and magnetic vector potential calculation unit, used to calculate the magnetic vector potential based on the current distribution and to calculate the electric potential based on the position-adjusted charges;

[0120] an initial electric field distribution construction unit, configured to construct an initial electric field distribution under lossless ground conditions based on the electric potential and the magnetic vector potential; the initial electric field distribution includes a horizontal electric field component and a vertical electric field component;

[0121] an electric field correction unit, configured to perform electric field correction on the horizontal electric field component by taking into account a lossy ground condition to obtain a corrected horizontal electric field component;

[0122] The target electric field distribution constructing unit is configured to construct a target electric field distribution as the electric field distribution of the lightning channel according to the corrected horizontal electric field component and the vertical electric field component.

[0123] In an optional embodiment, the calculation expression of the potential is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] The calculation expression of the magnetic vector potential is as follows:

[0126]

[0127] in, Indicates time The electric potential; represents the dielectric constant of vacuum; Indicates the location of the observation point; Indicates the location of the charge after position adjustment; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; Represents the electric field from Spread to the time required; express The charge density at ; express The charge density at ; represents the integrated volume; represents the magnetic vector potential, Indicates time The magnetic vector potential; represents the vacuum permeability; Indicates the location of current distribution after position separation; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; The magnetic field from Spread to the time required; express The current density at express The current density at .

[0128] In an optional embodiment, the horizontal electric field component is corrected by the following formula:

[0129]

[0130]

[0131] in, represents the corrected horizontal electric field component under lossy ground conditions; It represents the horizontal electric field component under lossless ground conditions; represents the horizontal electric field correction term; represents the magnetic vector potential component perpendicular to the ground; represents the magnetic vector potential component In the horizontal direction Partial derivatives on ; represents the surface conductivity; Represents the angular frequency.

[0132] As for the device embodiment, since it is basically similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant parts can be referred to the partial description of the aforementioned method embodiment.

[0133] An embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, the device including a processor and a memory:

[0134] The memory is used to store program codes and transmit the program codes to the processor;

[0135] The processor is configured to execute the charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method of any embodiment of the present invention according to instructions in the program code.

[0136] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which is used to store program code, and the program code is used to execute the charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method of any embodiment of the present invention.

[0137] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0138] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interface, device or unit, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0139] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0140] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing unit, each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0141] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the portion that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. This computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0142] As described above, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the above embodiments can still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing a charge fluctuation lightning channel, characterized in that: include: Obtain observation data of lightning channels; Based on the observation data, a continuity equation is introduced to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel, and positionally adjust the separated charge; An electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction is performed according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

2. The charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The observation data includes charge density, a source point where the charge and current are located before position separation, and a spatial distance between the source point and an observation point; and introducing a continuity equation based on the observation data to perform position separation on the charge and current in the lightning channel includes: A continuity equation is constructed according to the charge density, the source point, and the spatial distance; the continuity equation is used to perform position decoupling on the charge and current in the lightning channel to achieve position separation between the charge and the current.

3. The charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The expression of the continuity equation is as follows: in, Indicates current; represents the charge density; Represents the spatial coordinate in the vertical direction; Represents the spatial distance between the source point and the observation point; represents the speed of light; Represents a time variable.

4. The charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The position adjustment of the position-separated charges includes: The vertical coordinate of the separated charges is set to be consistent with the vertical coordinate of the current.

5. The charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The performing electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel includes: Calculate the magnetic vector potential from the current distribution and the electric potential from the position-adjusted charges; constructing an initial electric field distribution under lossless ground conditions based on the electric potential and the magnetic vector potential; the initial electric field distribution includes a horizontal electric field component and a vertical electric field component; Taking into account the lossy ground condition, performing electric field correction on the horizontal electric field component to obtain a corrected horizontal electric field component; A target electric field distribution is constructed according to the corrected horizontal electric field component and the vertical electric field component as the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

6. The charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation expression of the potential is as follows: The calculation expression of the magnetic vector potential is as follows: in, Indicates time The electric potential; represents the dielectric constant of vacuum; Indicates the location of the observation point; Indicates the location of the charge after position adjustment; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; Represents the electric field from Spread to the time required; express The charge density at ; express The charge density at ; represents the integrated volume; represents the magnetic vector potential, Indicates time The magnetic vector potential; represents the vacuum permeability; Indicates the location of current distribution after position separation; express The position of the mirror image relative to the ground plane; The magnetic field from Spread to the time required; express The current density at express The current density at .

7. The charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The horizontal electric field component is corrected by the following formula: in, represents the corrected horizontal electric field component under lossy ground conditions; It represents the horizontal electric field component under lossless ground conditions; represents the horizontal electric field correction term; represents the magnetic vector potential component perpendicular to the ground; represents the magnetic vector potential component In the horizontal direction Partial derivatives on ; represents the surface conductivity; Represents the angular frequency.

8. A charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis device, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition unit, used for acquiring observation data of the lightning channel; a position separation adjustment unit, configured to introduce a continuity equation to positionally separate the charge and current in the lightning channel according to the observation data, and to positionally adjust the position of the positionally separated charge; The electromagnetic field calculation unit is used to perform electromagnetic field calculation based on electric field correction according to the current distribution and the position-adjusted charges to obtain the electric field distribution of the lightning channel.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device includes a processor and a memory: The memory is used to store program code and transmit the program code to the processor; The processor is used to execute the charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 according to the instructions in the program code.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that The computer-readable storage medium is used to store program code, and the program code is used to execute the charge fluctuation lightning channel analysis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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