Thermal power plant pressure-bearing heat storage tank optimal configuration method based on digital twinning and peak regulation

Abstract

The invention discloses a thermal power plant pressure-bearing heat storage tank optimal configuration method based on digital twinning and peak regulation, which comprises the following steps: carrying out system structure modification on an original thermal power plant comprising a thermoelectric unit and a peak regulation electrode boiler: configuring a plurality of pressure-bearing heat storage tanks, a heat storage booster pump, a heat release booster pump and a peak heater, a thermal power plant pressure-bearing heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system is formed; a heat storage and release operation mechanism and a deep peak regulation and tip peak regulation mechanism of the thermal power plant pressure-bearing heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system are set; analyzing operation characteristics of the thermoelectric unit under different thermal and electric loads in a full load range; quantitatively analyzing the influence of different pressure-bearing heat storage tank configuration schemes, different heat storage and release time periods and different heat storage and release amounts on the adjustment capability and peak regulation capability of heat and power load curves of the thermoelectric unit; and by taking the minimum annual total economic cost, the maximum energy utilization and the maximum operation income of the thermoelectric unit as targets, establishing a pressure-bearing heat storage tank optimal configuration model, and outputting a pressure-bearing heat storage tank optimal configuration scheme.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal power plant heat storage tank planning, and specifically relates to a method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized thermal storage tanks in thermal power plants based on digital twins and peak regulation. Background Art

[0002] Cogeneration is a key approach to improving energy efficiency and an effective means of addressing prominent issues in northern my country, such as severe air pollution during the winter heating season, the need for large-scale renewable energy grid integration, and regional conflicts between electricity and heat consumption. The centralized functions of high-density cities and industrial parks in my country all require cogeneration. Most current thermal power plants utilize a hybrid energy supply model based on cogeneration, and generally operate based on a "heat-to-electricity" model. This "heat-to-electricity" model limits the deep peak-shaving capabilities of heating units during the heating season, contributing to the difficulties in peak-shaving during the heating season and the significant wind and solar curtailment in the "Three Northern" regions of my country. Therefore, to achieve deep peak-shaving by reducing unit electrical output while maintaining constant unit heating capacity, it is necessary to break the coupled relationship between heat and electricity during the heating season.

[0003] Thermal storage tanks are one of the most commonly used thermal decoupling technologies. They are primarily used to meet and balance daily heat load fluctuations. When the user's heat load demand decreases, excess heat energy is stored and released when the user's heat load increases. Different thermal storage tank configuration schemes have different costs, complexity, and economics. Therefore, how to select different schemes based on the characteristics of different units, rationally configure thermal storage tanks, extend the service life of thermal storage tanks as much as possible, and fully utilize the thermal storage tanks for heat storage and release, thereby adjusting the heat and electricity load curves to effectively reduce the investment in thermal decoupling transformation, while also meeting the deep peak-shaving and peak-peaking peak-shaving needs of the power grid and improving the peak-shaving capacity of thermal power plants, is an urgent problem to be solved.

[0004] Based on the above technical problems, it is necessary to design a new method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in thermal power plants based on digital twins and peak regulation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in thermal power plants based on digital twins and peak regulation. By transforming the system structure of the thermal power plant, setting heat storage and release operation strategies and deep peak regulation and top peak regulation mechanisms, analyzing the operating characteristics of the thermal power units and the impact of the pressurized heat storage tank configuration on the peak regulation capacity, the pressurized heat storage tank is optimized, and the scientific rationality and economy of the optimized configuration are improved. At the same time, it can realize the thermoelectric decoupling operation of the thermal power plant, improve the peak regulation capacity and flexibility of the thermal power plant, optimize the operating characteristics of the thermal power units, and achieve efficient energy utilization and maximize economic benefits.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] The present invention provides a method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant based on digital twins and peak regulation, which includes:

[0008] S1. System structure transformation of the existing thermal power plant including thermal power units and peak-shaving electrode boilers: multiple pressurized thermal storage tanks, thermal storage booster pumps, heat release booster pumps and peak heaters are configured to form a thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, and the hot end of each pressurized thermal storage tank is connected to the heating network water supply pipeline, and the cold end is connected to the heating network return pipeline;

[0009] S2. Set up the heat storage and release operation mechanism and deep peak regulation and top peak regulation mechanism of the thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system;

[0010] S3. Establish a digital twin model of the thermal power plant's pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, combining the heat network, power grid, and users. Simulate the operating conditions of the thermal power units in various operating modes and under different thermal and electrical loads, and analyze the operating characteristics of the thermal power units under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range.

[0011] S4. Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, and in combination with the heat storage and release operating mechanism and the deep peak regulation and peak peak regulation mechanisms, quantitatively analyze the impact of different pressurized heat storage tank configuration schemes, different heat storage and release periods, and different storage and release heat amounts on the adjustment capability and peak regulation capability of the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit;

[0012] S5. Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, as well as the adjustment and peak-shaving capabilities of the atmospheric heat storage tank on the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit, with the goal of minimizing the annual total economic cost, maximizing energy utilization, and maximizing the operating benefits of the thermal power unit, an optimal configuration model for the pressurized heat storage tank is established, and an optimal configuration plan for the pressurized heat storage tank is output.

[0013] Furthermore, the S1 includes:

[0014] Obtained the system structure of the original thermal power plant, including multiple thermal power units, heating network circulation pumps, first peak heaters, peak-shaving electrode boilers, and heating network water supply and return pipelines;

[0015] The existing thermal power plant system structure was renovated to form a thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, including: multiple pressurized thermal storage tanks, thermal storage booster pumps, heat release booster pumps, a second peak heater, and multiple regulating valves for regulating the amount of stored and released heat;

[0016] Among them, the hot end of each pressurized heat storage tank is connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, and is also connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, a second peak heater, and a heat storage booster pump; the cold end of each pressurized heat storage tank is connected to the return water pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, and is also connected to the return water pipeline of the heating network through a heat release booster pump; each pressurized heat storage tank is connected in parallel; the number of the peak-shaving electrode boilers is at least one.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, a heat storage and release operation mechanism of a thermoelectric decoupling system of a pressurized heat storage tank in a thermal power plant is set, including:

[0018] During the heat storage process in the pressurized heat storage tank, hot water from the heat network water supply pipeline is drawn out and led to the heat storage booster pump through the heat storage high-temperature water jellyfish pipe. After being pressurized, it enters the second peak heater. In the second peak heater, it is heated to a preset high temperature by the steam extracted from the thermal power unit. It is then led to the upper high-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank and enters the pressurized heat storage tank through the regulating valve. At the same time, cold water is squeezed downward, and the cold water flows out of the tank from the lower low-temperature water interface. It is then transported to the heat network return pipe through the heat storage low-temperature water jellyfish pipe until the tank is filled with hot water at the preset high temperature, and the heat storage process is completed.

[0019] During the heat release process of the pressurized heat storage tank, the cold water in the heat network return pipe is drawn out, and is led to the heat release booster pump through the heat storage low-temperature water jellyfish pipe. After being pressurized, it is transported to the lower low-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank, and enters the pressurized heat storage tank through the regulating valve. At the same time, the hot water is squeezed upward, and the hot water flows out of the tank from the upper high-temperature water interface. After the regulating valve on the heat storage high-temperature water jellyfish pipe controls the preset high-temperature hot water flow rate, it is transported to the heat network water supply pipeline and mixed with the hot water output by the peak-shaving electrode boiler. The heat network water supply pipeline supplies hot water of the set temperature to the outside until the cold water fills the tank and the heat release process ends.

[0020] Furthermore, in S2, a deep peak regulation and top peak regulation mechanism of the thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system is set, including:

[0021] During the deep peak regulation process, the peak-shaving electrode boiler and the pressurized heat storage tank operate in coordination; when the power generation load borne by the steam turbine of the thermal power unit is in a high range, the heat provided by the steam turbine extraction and back pressure is sufficient, and a part of it is directly supplied to the heat network to meet the heat load demand, and the other part is used to partially heat the water in the pressurized heat storage tank to store the excess heat; when deep peak regulation is required, the power generation load borne by the steam turbine is reduced, and the heat provided by the steam turbine extraction and back pressure is insufficient to meet the heat load demand, the peak-shaving electrode boiler is put into operation, consuming the power output of the new energy unit to generate heat, supplying heat to the heat network, making up for the shortfall in heat supply from the steam turbine, and when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is surplus, it is stored in the pressurized heat storage tank, or when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is insufficient, the pressurized heat storage tank releases heat to make up for the heat load gap;

[0022] During the peak load regulation process, when the power grid increases the power load, the steam extraction capacity of the steam turbine for heating is reduced or shut down, the peak load regulation electrode boiler is cut off, and rapid peak load regulation is performed. At the same time, the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank is released to meet the heat load demand.

[0023] Furthermore, during the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving processes, the operating restrictions of the thermal power units under different thermal and electrical loads must be met in real time, including the minimum power generation load restriction, the maximum power generation load restriction, and the maximum heating load restriction. When the heat load of the thermal power plant increased during heat storage in the pressurized heat storage tank meets the maximum heating load restriction, it indicates that the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can meet the heat required to be released by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving operating conditions. When the heat load of the thermal power plant increased during heat storage in the pressurized heat storage tank exceeds the maximum heating load restriction, it is necessary to shorten the deep peak shaving duration or the peak peak shaving duration, maintain the deep peak shaving depth and the peak peak shaving degree, so that the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can meet the heat required to be released by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving operating conditions.

[0024] Furthermore, the S3 includes:

[0025] A digital twin model of the thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, combining the heat network, power grid, and users, is established using a dual-driven approach based on both mechanism and data. This model also calculates the heat load demand of heat users and obtains the electricity load demand of the power grid.

[0026] Set operating scenarios, including different ambient temperatures, different thermal loads, different unit operating modes, and different unit cycle parameters;

[0027] The set operating scenario information is input into the digital twin model for simulation, and the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads in the full load range are analyzed and calculated, including the safe operation feasible domain of the thermal power unit, the unit energy efficiency and operating economy.

[0028] Further, the S4 includes:

[0029] Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, and in combination with the heat storage and release operating mechanism and the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving mechanisms, and after clarifying the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving requirements, different heat storage and release periods, different storage and release heat amounts, and different configuration schemes are set for the pressurized heat storage tanks to maximize the peak shaving requirements; the different configuration schemes for the pressurized heat storage tanks include the number and capacity of the pressurized heat storage tanks;

[0030] The different heat storage and release periods, different storage and release amounts, and different configuration schemes of the pressurized heat storage tank are input into the digital twin model for simulation. By changing the configuration scheme, heat storage and release period, and storage and release amount of the pressurized heat storage tank, the changes in the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit under different conditions are analyzed.

[0031] By calculating the fluctuation amplitude and adjustment speed of the thermal and electric load curves, the adjustment ability of different changing factors on the thermal and electric load curves is quantitatively analyzed. By calculating the thermal and electric load change range, deep peak regulation depth, peak peak regulation degree, and peak regulation duration of thermal power units during deep peak regulation and top peak regulation, the peak regulation capacity under different schemes is evaluated.

[0032] Furthermore, in S5, the objectives are to minimize the total annual economic cost, maximize energy utilization, and maximize the operating income of the thermal power unit, which are respectively expressed as:

[0033] min C=C inv +C oper +C main ;

[0034]

[0035] C is the annual total economic cost target; C inv C is the investment cost; oper is the operating cost; C main is the maintenance cost; R A is the residual value rate; r is the annual interest rate; n is the investment recovery period; is the unit capacity investment cost of the zth pressurized heat storage tank; x hs,z is the capacity of the zth pressurized heat storage tank; is the unit investment cost of the heat storage and discharge main pipe; x hp is the pipeline parameter of the heat storage and release main pipe; Ω hs ,Ω chp ,Ω lhp ,Ω dg ,Ω new They are a collection of equipment including pressurized heat storage tanks, thermal power units, heat network pipelines, peak-shaving electrode boilers, and new energy units; k is the weight under the kth operation scenario; T is the operation cycle; is the unit operating cost of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; P chp,i,t is the power of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; is the operating cost of the jth heat network pipeline at time t; is the unit operating cost of the lth peak-shaving electrode boiler at time t; P dg,l,t is the power of the lth peak-shaving electrode boiler at time t; is the unit penalty cost of the sth new energy unit at time t; P new,s,t is the amount of new energy that has not been consumed by the s-th new energy unit at time t; They are the maintenance costs of thermal power units, heating network pipelines and pressurized heat storage tanks;

[0036]

[0037] F is the energy utilization target; To absorb the abandoned electricity of new energy for peak-shaving electrode boilers; To replace the heat supply of thermal power units for peak-shaving electrode boilers; To absorb heat for the pressurized heat storage tank; Release heat to the pressurized heat storage tank;

[0038] maxE=R p +R en +R r ;

[0039] R p =Fp pp ;

[0040]

[0041] E is the operating profit target of the thermal power unit; R p is the peak load compensation income of thermal power units; p pp is the compensation price for peak load regulation unit; R en is the difference in operating environment benefit of the generator set; p en Environmental pollution control costs; p gas The cost of waste gas treatment; c coal is the fuel cost of thermal power unit; Δm coal is the amount of fuel saved; R r The peak-valley price difference and heat sales income of thermal power units; c ele is the peak-to-valley price difference; c heat The unit price is the selling price.

[0042] Furthermore, after S5, the method further includes:

[0043] S6. Calculate the heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak-shaving period and the peak peak-shaving period under typical daily conditions during the early and late cold periods and the extreme cold period, analyze the heat storage required during the remaining periods, determine whether the heat storage meets the requirements of deep peak-shaving and peak peak-shaving, and calculate the configuration plan for the pressurized heat storage tank;

[0044] S7. Comprehensively consider the output scheme of the pressurized heat storage tank optimization configuration model and the calculated heat storage tank configuration scheme, and output the final pressurized heat storage tank configuration scheme.

[0045] Further, the S6 includes:

[0046] S601. Calculate the heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep regulation period and the peak regulation period under typical daily operating conditions during the early and late cold periods and the extreme cold period, and accumulate the total heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank for peak regulation. This total heat release is then allocated according to the non-peak regulation period to calculate the required heat storage capacity of the pressurized heat storage tank and the increased heat load of the thermal power plant during each non-peak regulation period.

[0047] S602: Determine whether the increased heat load of the thermal power plant meets the maximum heating load limit. If so, calculate the configured capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks based on the total heat release required for peak load regulation of the pressurized heat storage tanks and the parameters of each pressurized heat storage tank. If the maximum heating load limit is exceeded, shorten the duration of deep peak load regulation and top peak load regulation, and repeat S601 until the maximum heating load limit is met, and output the configured capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks.

[0048] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0049] (1) The present invention transforms the system structure of the original thermal power plant including thermal power units and peak-shaving electrode boilers, configures multiple pressurized heat storage tanks to form a thermoelectric decoupling system, and connects each pressurized heat storage tank to the heat network, thereby achieving flexible storage and allocation of heat, breaking the strong coupling relationship between power generation and heat supply of traditional thermal power units, and flexibly responding to heat load fluctuations and grid peak-shaving needs;

[0050] (2) The present invention sets up a heat storage and release operation mechanism and a deep peak regulation and peak peak regulation mechanism for the thermal power plant's pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, which can balance the heat load, better respond to the deep peak regulation and peak peak regulation needs of the power grid, flexibly adjust the power generation and heating power, improve the adaptability and regulation ability of the thermal power plant to the power grid and the heat network, ensure the stability of the power grid, and meet the needs of heat users;

[0051] (3) The present invention can simulate the operating characteristics of thermal power units under different load operating conditions through the digital twin model, clarify the safe operation feasible domain of thermal power units, unit energy efficiency, etc., and ensure the safe and stable operation of thermal power units when responding to peak-shaving needs; and quantitatively analyze the impact of different pressurized heat storage tank configuration schemes, different heat storage and release periods, and different storage and release heat amounts on the adjustment ability and peak-shaving ability of thermal and electric load curves of thermal power units, clarify the impact of the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks on the unit output, provide a scientific basis for optimizing configuration, and avoid blind decision-making;

[0052] (4) The present invention establishes an optimization configuration model with the goal of minimizing the total annual economic cost, maximizing energy utilization, and maximizing the operating benefits of the thermal power unit. It comprehensively considers multiple aspects such as economy, energy efficiency, and operating benefits, making the optimization configuration results more comprehensive and practical. In addition, the output optimized configuration scheme of the pressurized heat storage tank can achieve a reasonable allocation of resources, improve the economic benefits and energy utilization efficiency of the thermal power plant, and reduce operating costs.

[0053] (5) Through the optimized configuration of the pressurized heat storage tank, the present invention can achieve thermal and electrical decoupled operation of the thermal power plant, improve the peak-shaving capacity and flexibility of the thermal power plant, optimize the operating characteristics of the thermal power units, and achieve efficient energy utilization and maximize economic benefits. At the same time, the establishment and quantitative analysis of the digital twin model provides scientific decision-making support for the operation and management of the thermal power plant, helping to achieve intelligent and refined management of the thermal power plant and enhance the overall competitiveness and sustainable development capabilities of the thermal power plant.

[0054] Other features and advantages will be described in the following description, and in part will become apparent from the description, or understood by practicing the invention. The purpose and other advantages of the invention are realized and obtained by the structures particularly pointed out in the description and the drawings.

[0055] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, preferred embodiments are given below and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0057] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of a method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant based on digital twins and peak regulation according to the present invention;

[0058] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the system for configuring a pressurized heat storage tank for a thermal power plant according to the present invention;

[0059] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the heat storage process of a system equipped with a pressurized heat storage tank for a thermal power plant according to the present invention;

[0060] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the heat release process of the system equipped with a pressurized heat storage tank in the thermal power plant of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the thermoelectric characteristics of the thermoelectric generator set after being equipped with a pressurized heat storage tank according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant based on digital twins and peak regulation, which includes:

[0064] S1. System structure transformation of the existing thermal power plant including thermal power units and peak-shaving electrode boilers: multiple pressurized thermal storage tanks, thermal storage booster pumps, heat release booster pumps and peak heaters are configured to form a thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, and the hot end of each pressurized thermal storage tank is connected to the heating network water supply pipeline, and the cold end is connected to the heating network return pipeline;

[0065] S2. Set up the heat storage and release operation mechanism and deep peak regulation and top peak regulation mechanism of the thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system;

[0066] S3. Establish a digital twin model of the thermal power plant's pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, combining the heat network, power grid, and users. Simulate the operating conditions of the thermal power units in various operating modes and under different thermal and electrical loads, and analyze the operating characteristics of the thermal power units under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range.

[0067] S4. Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, and in combination with the heat storage and release operating mechanism and the deep peak regulation and peak peak regulation mechanisms, quantitatively analyze the impact of different pressurized heat storage tank configuration schemes, different heat storage and release periods, and different storage and release heat amounts on the adjustment capability and peak regulation capability of the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit;

[0068] S5. Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, as well as the adjustment and peak-shaving capabilities of the atmospheric heat storage tank on the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit, with the goal of minimizing the annual total economic cost, maximizing energy utilization, and maximizing the operating benefits of the thermal power unit, an optimal configuration model for the pressurized heat storage tank is established, and an optimal configuration plan for the pressurized heat storage tank is output.

[0069] In this embodiment, S1 includes:

[0070] Obtained the system structure of the original thermal power plant, including multiple thermal power units, heating network circulation pumps, first peak heaters, peak-shaving electrode boilers, and heating network water supply and return pipelines;

[0071] The existing thermal power plant system structure was renovated to form a thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, including: multiple pressurized thermal storage tanks, thermal storage booster pumps, heat release booster pumps, a second peak heater, and multiple regulating valves for regulating the amount of stored and released heat;

[0072] Among them, the hot end of each pressurized heat storage tank is connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, and is also connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, a second peak heater, and a heat storage booster pump; the cold end of each pressurized heat storage tank is connected to the return water pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, and is also connected to the return water pipeline of the heating network through a heat release booster pump; each pressurized heat storage tank is connected in parallel; the number of the peak-shaving electrode boilers is at least one.

[0073] It should be noted that if Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the components of the system structure after transformation include:

[0074] Pressurized heat storage tank: The system has multiple pressurized heat storage tanks for storing and releasing heat;

[0075] The first peak heater receives 68℃ return water from the heat network circulation pump and heats it to 130℃ using the unit extraction steam;

[0076] Second peak heater: In the thermoelectric decoupling system of the pressurized heat storage tank, it also uses the unit extraction steam to heat the medium and works in conjunction with the thermal storage booster pump;

[0077] Heating network circulation pump: responsible for circulating the water in the heating network return pipe back to the system for heating;

[0078] Thermal storage booster pump: connected to the second peak heater, used to increase the medium pressure during the heat storage process so that the heat can be smoothly stored in the pressurized heat storage tank;

[0079] Heat release booster pump: connected to the pressurized heat storage tank, it increases the medium pressure during the heat release process and transfers the heat in the heat storage tank to the heat network;

[0080] Peak-shaving electrode boiler: Located next to the water supply pipeline of the heating network, it uses electricity to generate heat to supplement the heating demand of the heating network and play a peak-shaving role;

[0081] Regulating valve: Each regulating valve in the system is used to adjust the water flow;

[0082] Thermal power unit: There are #1 thermal power unit and #2 thermal power unit, both of which are high back-pressure condensers, used for power generation and heat supply, providing hot extraction steam for the system to heat the return water of the heat network;

[0083] Heat network return water pipeline: After being heated by the unit extraction steam, the return water temperature of the heat network is increased from 30℃ to 49℃ and 68℃ respectively. After the pressure is increased by the heat network circulation pump, it enters the first peak heater and is heated to 130℃ by the unit extraction steam.

[0084] It should be noted that the pressurized heat storage tank, as a key equipment, has the following technical features:

[0085] 1) Pressure bearing capacity: Able to withstand a certain pressure, usually designed with a high pressure bearing strength to adapt to different pressure conditions in the heat network. This is a key feature that distinguishes it from normal pressure heat storage tanks, allowing it to store and release heat energy at higher pressures, ensuring the stability and safety of heat energy transmission;

[0086] 2) Efficient heat storage and release: It has good thermal insulation performance, reduces heat loss, and achieves efficient heat storage and release processes. Its internal structure is reasonably designed to evenly distribute the heat medium in the tank, improve heat storage and release efficiency, and ensure fast and stable heat exchange under different working conditions.

[0087] 3) Corrosion resistance: Since heat storage tanks are in long-term contact with heat media, they may face corrosion problems. Therefore, they are usually made of corrosion-resistant materials or undergo internal anti-corrosion treatment to extend the service life of the equipment and ensure the stability and reliability of its performance;

[0088] 4) Connection method: The hot end is connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network, and the cold end is connected to the return pipeline of the heating network. Through specific connection methods and valve control, it is closely integrated with the heating network system to ensure the smooth transmission and distribution of heat energy in the system;

[0089] 5) Monitoring and Control: Equipped with a comprehensive monitoring system, it can monitor the temperature, pressure, liquid level and other parameters in the tank in real time, and achieve precise control of the heat storage and heat release process through the control system to meet the needs of different operating conditions of the thermal power plant and improve the automation level and operating efficiency of the system;

[0090] 6) Capacity and quantity: Different capacity specifications are available according to the actual needs of the thermal power plant, and multiple pressurized heat storage tanks can be configured. Through reasonable layout and control, large-scale storage and flexible deployment of thermal energy can be achieved to adapt to different thermal power load changes.

[0091] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, in S2, a heat storage and release operation mechanism of a thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system is set, including:

[0092] During the heat storage process in the pressurized heat storage tank, hot water from the heat network water supply pipeline is drawn out and led to the heat storage booster pump through the heat storage high-temperature water jellyfish pipe. After being pressurized, it enters the second peak heater. In the second peak heater, it is heated to a preset high temperature by the steam extracted from the thermal power unit. It is then led to the upper high-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank and enters the pressurized heat storage tank through the regulating valve. At the same time, cold water is squeezed downward, and the cold water flows out of the tank from the lower low-temperature water interface. It is then transported to the heat network return pipe through the heat storage low-temperature water jellyfish pipe until the tank is filled with hot water at the preset high temperature, and the heat storage process is completed.

[0093] During the heat release process of the pressurized heat storage tank, the cold water in the heat network return pipe is drawn out, and is led to the heat release booster pump through the heat storage low-temperature water jellyfish pipe. After being pressurized, it is transported to the lower low-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank, and enters the pressurized heat storage tank through the regulating valve. At the same time, the hot water is squeezed upward, and the hot water flows out of the tank from the upper high-temperature water interface. After the regulating valve on the heat storage high-temperature water jellyfish pipe controls the preset high-temperature hot water flow rate, it is transported to the heat network water supply pipeline and mixed with the hot water output by the peak-shaving electrode boiler. The heat network water supply pipeline supplies hot water of the set temperature to the outside until the cold water fills the tank and the heat release process ends.

[0094] exist Figure 3 In the process, 130℃ hot water is boosted by the heat storage booster pump and enters the second peak heater. After being heated to 180℃ by the unit extraction steam, it flows into the high-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank under the control of the regulating valve for heat storage. At the same time, 68℃ cold water flows out from the low-temperature water interface and is then transported to the first peak heater for the unit extraction steam heating cycle.

[0095] exist Figure 4 In the process, the 68℃ cold water in the heat network return pipe is boosted by the heat release booster pump, and then enters the low-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank for heat release through the control of the regulating valve. At the same time, 180℃ hot water flows out from the high-temperature water interface. At the same time, because the heat release process is a peak-shaving period, the unit's heating steam extraction is reduced, and the outlet water supply temperature will drop to 75-95℃. At this time, the mixing ratio is controlled by controlling the regulating valve on the heat storage high-temperature water mother pipe to ensure that it is supplied to the outside at 130℃ after mixing.

[0096] In this embodiment, in S2, a deep peak-shaving and top peak-shaving mechanism of the thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system is set, including:

[0097] During the deep peak regulation process, the peak-shaving electrode boiler and the pressurized heat storage tank operate in coordination; when the power generation load borne by the steam turbine of the thermal power unit is in a high range, the heat provided by the steam turbine extraction and back pressure is sufficient, and a part of it is directly supplied to the heat network to meet the heat load demand, and the other part is used to partially heat the water in the pressurized heat storage tank to store the excess heat; when deep peak regulation is required, the power generation load borne by the steam turbine is reduced, and the heat provided by the steam turbine extraction and back pressure is insufficient to meet the heat load demand, the peak-shaving electrode boiler is put into operation, consuming the power output of the new energy unit to generate heat, supplying heat to the heat network, making up for the shortfall in heat supply from the steam turbine, and when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is surplus, it is stored in the pressurized heat storage tank, or when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is insufficient, the pressurized heat storage tank releases heat to make up for the heat load gap;

[0098] During the peak load regulation process, when the power grid increases the power load, the steam extraction capacity of the steam turbine for heating is reduced or shut down, the peak load regulation electrode boiler is cut off, and rapid peak load regulation is performed. At the same time, the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank is released to meet the heat load demand.

[0099] In actual applications, the deep peak shaving process includes:

[0100] 1) Heat supply and storage during high loads: When the steam turbine is operating at a high power generation load, its extraction steam and back pressure generate sufficient heat. Some of this heat is directly supplied to the heating network to meet users' heating needs, while the remaining heat is used to partially heat the water in the pressurized heat storage tank, storing excess heat for subsequent low-load operation. At this point, the turbine's main steam flow is sufficient to meet both power generation and heat supply needs, creating a balance between power generation and heat supply.

[0101] 2) Heating supplement and thermal decoupling at low load: Since peak load regulation requires reducing the power generation load of the steam turbine, the main gas volume of the steam turbine will be reduced accordingly, resulting in the heat supply generated by its extraction / back pressure being insufficient to meet the heating demand of the heating network. In order to ensure that the heating quality of the heating network is not affected, it is necessary to further put into operation the peak-shaving electrode boiler. The peak-shaving electrode boiler consumes electricity to generate heat and supplies heat to the heating network to supplement the insufficient heating supply of the steam turbine. In this way, the decoupling between power generation and heat supply is achieved, that is, the reduction in power generation load will not affect the stability of heat supply. Even if the heating capacity of the steam turbine decreases, the normal heating of the heating network can be maintained by the peak-shaving electrode boiler;

[0102] 3) The regulating role of the pressurized heat storage tank: During the commissioning phase of the peak-shaving electrode boiler, the pressurized heat storage tank plays an important regulatory role. If there is excess heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler, the extra heat can be stored in the pressurized heat storage tank to avoid heat waste; and when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is insufficient, the heat in the pressurized heat storage tank can be released to fill the gap in heat supply. In this way, the high-pressure heat storage tank and the peak-shaving electrode boiler work together to enable the thermal power unit to operate more stably during the peak-shaving process, increase the "endurance" of the unit in peak-shaving under rated load, and improve the peak-shaving capability and flexibility of the thermal power unit.

[0103] The peak load shaving process includes the following: when the power grid needs to increase its load, in order to quickly meet the power grid's electricity demand, the heating extraction steam can be quickly reduced or shut down, and more steam can be used for power generation to ensure the steam volume required for power generation, thereby achieving rapid peak load shaving. However, doing so will cause the heating extraction steam to be reduced or even stopped, affecting the heating capacity of the thermal power plant. To solve this problem, the high-temperature water in the pressurized heat storage tank can be directly supplied to the heat users, and the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can be used to ensure the heating capacity of the thermal power plant. In this way, while achieving the rapid peak load capacity of the unit, it will not have a significant impact on the heating supply, ensuring the continuity and stability of the heating supply.

[0104] This deep peak-shaving and top peak-shaving technology achieves thermal-electric decoupling through the combined operation of peak-shaving electrode boilers, pressurized heat storage tanks and thermal power units, improves the peak-shaving capability and flexibility of thermal power units, and can better adapt to changes in grid load while ensuring the quality and stability of heat supply.

[0105] In this embodiment, during the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving processes, the operating restrictions of the thermal power units under different thermal and electrical loads must be met in real time, including the minimum power generation load restriction, the maximum power generation load restriction, and the maximum heating load restriction. When the heat load of the thermal power plant increased during heat storage in the pressurized heat storage tank meets the maximum heating load restriction, it indicates that the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can meet the heat required to be released by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving operating conditions. When the heat load of the thermal power plant increased during heat storage in the pressurized heat storage tank exceeds the maximum heating load restriction, it is necessary to shorten the deep peak shaving duration or the peak peak shaving duration, maintain the deep peak shaving depth and the peak peak shaving degree, so that the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can meet the heat required to be released by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving operating conditions.

[0106] In this embodiment, S3 includes:

[0107] A digital twin model of the thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, combining the heat network, power grid, and users, is established using a dual-driven approach based on both mechanism and data. This model also calculates the heat load demand of heat users and obtains the electricity load demand of the power grid.

[0108] Set operating scenarios, including different ambient temperatures, different thermal loads, different unit operating modes, and different unit cycle parameters;

[0109] The set operating scenario information is input into the digital twin model for simulation, and the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads in the full load range are analyzed and calculated, including the safe operation feasible domain of the thermal power unit, the unit energy efficiency and operating economy.

[0110] It should be noted that the performance of thermal power units is affected by factors such as external conditions (thermal and power load, ambient temperature, and unit operating mode), cycle parameters (main steam pressure, main steam temperature, reheat steam temperature, and exhaust pressure), and equipment condition. To address the varying thermal and power demands of thermal power units, a variable-operation model for thermal power units was established to assess the operating performance of units across multiple load points, with thermal and power matching across the full load range.

[0111] In this embodiment, the S4 includes:

[0112] Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, and in combination with the heat storage and release operating mechanism and the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving mechanisms, and after clarifying the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving requirements, different heat storage and release periods, different storage and release heat amounts, and different configuration schemes are set for the pressurized heat storage tanks to maximize the peak shaving requirements; the different configuration schemes for the pressurized heat storage tanks include the number and capacity of the pressurized heat storage tanks;

[0113] The different heat storage and release periods, different storage and release amounts, and different configuration schemes of the pressurized heat storage tank are input into the digital twin model for simulation. By changing the configuration scheme, heat storage and release period, and storage and release amount of the pressurized heat storage tank, the changes in the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit under different conditions are analyzed.

[0114] By calculating the fluctuation amplitude and adjustment speed of the thermal and electric load curves, the adjustment ability of different changing factors on the thermal and electric load curves is quantitatively analyzed. By calculating the thermal and electric load change range, deep peak regulation depth, peak peak regulation degree, and peak regulation duration of thermal power units during deep peak regulation and top peak regulation, the peak regulation capacity under different schemes is evaluated.

[0115] like Figure 5 As shown in the figure, in actual application, taking the electrothermal characteristic diagram of the thermal power unit as an example, ABCDE is the operating range of the thermal power unit, point A is the maximum power generation operating point, AB is the maximum steam flow line, CD is the maximum extraction steam line, DE is the minimum steam flow line, D is the minimum power generation operating point, and F is the lowest forced output point under a certain heat load;

[0116] When the unit is equipped with a pressurized heat storage tank, the pressurized heat storage tank supplements the additional heat supply, and the broken line ABCD shifts to the right as a whole. The shift distance is equal to the heat supply configured for the heat storage tank (i.e., the difference between the horizontal coordinates B and B'). After the pressurized heat storage tank is configured, the operating range of the thermal power unit is A'B'C'D'E'A.

[0117] The original lowest forced output point under a certain heat load also changes from F to F'. The vertical coordinate difference between F and F' (P0-P0') is the additional peak-shaving power generated by the configuration of the pressurized heat storage tank under a certain heat load.

[0118] In this embodiment, in S5, the goals are to minimize the total annual economic cost, maximize energy utilization, and maximize the operating income of the thermal power unit, which are respectively expressed as:

[0119] min C=C inv +C oper +C main ;

[0120]

[0121] C is the annual total economic cost target; C inv C is the investment cost; oper is the operating cost; C main is the maintenance cost; R A is the residual value rate; r is the annual interest rate; n is the investment recovery period; is the unit capacity investment cost of the zth pressurized heat storage tank; x hs,z is the capacity of the zth pressurized heat storage tank; is the unit investment cost of the heat storage and discharge main pipe; x hp is the pipeline parameter of the heat storage and release main pipe; Ω hs ,Ω chp ,Ω lhp ,Ω dg ,Ω new They are a collection of equipment including pressurized heat storage tanks, thermal power units, heat network pipelines, peak-shaving electrode boilers, and new energy units; k is the weight under the kth operation scenario; T is the operation cycle; is the unit operating cost of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; P chp,i,t is the power of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; is the operating cost of the jth heat network pipeline at time t; is the unit operating cost of the lth peak-shaving electrode boiler at time t; P dg,l,t is the power of the lth peak-shaving electrode boiler at time t; is the unit penalty cost of the sth new energy unit at time t; P new,s,tis the amount of new energy that has not been consumed by the s-th new energy unit at time t; They are the maintenance costs of thermal power units, heating network pipelines and pressurized heat storage tanks;

[0122]

[0123] F is the energy utilization target; To absorb the abandoned electricity of new energy for peak-shaving electrode boilers; To replace the heat supply of thermal power units for peak-shaving electrode boilers; To absorb heat for the pressurized heat storage tank; Release heat to the pressurized heat storage tank;

[0124] maxE=R p +R en +R r ;

[0125] R p =Fp pp ;

[0126]

[0127] E is the operating profit target of the thermal power unit; R p is the peak load compensation income of thermal power units; p pp is the compensation price for peak load regulation unit; R en is the difference in operating environment benefit of the generator set; p en Environmental pollution control costs; p gas The cost of waste gas treatment; c coal is the fuel cost of thermal power unit; Δm coal is the amount of fuel saved; R r The peak-valley price difference and heat sales income of thermal power units; c ele is the peak-to-valley price difference; c heat The unit price is the selling price.

[0128] It should be noted that during the operation of the system of pressurized heat storage tank coupled with thermal power unit, in order to maximize the absorption of abandoned wind and solar power by the peak-shaving electrode boiler (that is, when the new energy units are wind turbines and photovoltaic generators), while maximizing the heat supply of thermal power units, the pressurized heat storage tank can maximize the absorption of excess heat while maximizing the release of heat during peak heat usage periods, while maximizing the operating benefits of the thermal power units.

[0129] In this embodiment, after S5, the following steps are further included:

[0130] S6. Calculate the heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak-shaving period and the peak peak-shaving period under typical daily conditions during the early and late cold periods and the extreme cold period, analyze the heat storage required during the remaining periods, determine whether the heat storage meets the requirements of deep peak-shaving and peak peak-shaving, and calculate the configuration plan for the pressurized heat storage tank;

[0131] S7. Comprehensively consider the output scheme of the pressurized heat storage tank optimization configuration model and the calculated heat storage tank configuration scheme, and output the final pressurized heat storage tank configuration scheme.

[0132] It should be noted that the configuration scheme output by the pressurized heat storage tank optimization configuration model and the calculated heat storage tank configuration scheme are mutually verified for peak-shaving capability, economic efficiency, and operating characteristics. If inconsistencies or mismatches are found between the two schemes, the two schemes need to be comprehensively adjusted. Depending on the specific situation, it may be necessary to fine-tune the heat storage tank configuration scheme calculated in step S6 to better meet the multi-objective requirements of the optimization configuration model in step S5; or further refine and improve the optimization configuration model in step S5 to make it more accurately reflect the actual peak-shaving needs and heat storage tank configuration. After repeated adjustments and verifications, a pressurized heat storage tank configuration scheme that can meet the actual operating needs of deep peak-shaving and top peak-shaving, and achieve a better balance in terms of economy, energy utilization, and thermal power unit operating benefits, is finally determined as the final output result.

[0133] In this embodiment, S6 includes:

[0134] S601. Calculate the heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep regulation period and the peak regulation period under typical daily operating conditions during the early and late cold periods and the extreme cold period, and accumulate the total heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank for peak regulation. This total heat release is then allocated according to the non-peak regulation period to calculate the required heat storage capacity of the pressurized heat storage tank and the increased heat load of the thermal power plant during each non-peak regulation period.

[0135] S602: Determine whether the increased heat load of the thermal power plant meets the maximum heating load limit. If so, calculate the configured capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks based on the total heat release required for peak load regulation of the pressurized heat storage tanks and the parameters of each pressurized heat storage tank. If the maximum heating load limit is exceeded, shorten the duration of deep peak load regulation and top peak load regulation, and repeat S601 until the maximum heating load limit is met, and output the configured capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks.

[0136] In actual application, taking the typical daily working condition in the extreme cold period as an example, assuming that the deep peak-shaving period is from 9:00 to 16:00, in order to meet the deep peak-shaving demand, the pressurized heat storage tank needs to release heat H1 during the deep peak-shaving period. Assuming that the peak peak-shaving period is from 17:00 to 22:00, in order to meet the peak peak-shaving demand, the pressurized heat storage tank needs to release heat H2 during the peak peak-shaving period. Therefore, the pressurized heat storage tank needs to release heat H1+H2 in total from 9:00 to 22:00, that is, it needs to store heat H1+H2 in 10 hours from 23:00 to 8:00. After average distribution, the heat storage in each period is D1. Calculate the heat storage capacity after the increase of thermal power units per hour. Heat load Q(t) = Q1 (original heat load of the thermal power unit) + D1. When it is found that the heat load Q(t) of the thermal power unit after heat storage exceeds the maximum heating load limit, it is impossible to meet the 8-hour deep peak-shaving and 6-hour peak-peak-shaving requirements based on heat balance. It is necessary to consider shortening the deep peak-shaving duration or the peak-peak-shaving duration. After shortening the peak-shaving duration, recalculate the above process until the maximum heating load limit is met. Then, the configuration capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks are calculated based on the heat storage capacity, total heat release, high-temperature hot water temperature, low-temperature cold water temperature, etc. of each pre-selected pressurized heat storage tank.

[0137] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems and methods can also be implemented in other ways. The system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the flowcharts and block diagrams in the accompanying drawings show the possible architectures, functions, and operations of the systems, methods, and computer program products according to multiple embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each box in the flowchart or block diagram can represent a module, a program segment, or a portion of code, and the module, program segment, or a portion of code contains one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical functions. It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions marked in the boxes can also occur in an order different from that marked in the accompanying drawings. For example, two consecutive boxes can actually be executed substantially in parallel, and they can sometimes be executed in the opposite order, depending on the functions involved. It should also be noted that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart, and the combination of boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart, can be implemented using a dedicated hardware-based system that performs the specified functions or actions, or can be implemented using a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0138] In addition, the functional modules in each embodiment of the present invention can be integrated together to form an independent part, or each module can exist separately, or two or more modules can be integrated to form an independent part. If the function is implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods of each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0139] With the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention as a guide, and with reference to the above description, relevant personnel are fully capable of making various changes and modifications without departing from the technical scope of this invention. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in thermal power plants based on digital twins and peak regulation, characterized in that: It includes: S1. System structure transformation of the existing thermal power plant including thermal power units and peak-shaving electrode boilers: multiple pressurized thermal storage tanks, thermal storage booster pumps, heat release booster pumps and peak heaters are configured to form a thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, and the hot end of each pressurized thermal storage tank is connected to the heating network water supply pipeline, and the cold end is connected to the heating network return pipeline; S2. Set up the heat storage and release operation mechanism and deep peak regulation and top peak regulation mechanism of the thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system; S3. Establish a digital twin model of the thermal power plant's pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, combining the heat network, power grid, and users. Simulate the operating conditions of the thermal power units in various operating modes and under different thermal and electrical loads, and analyze the operating characteristics of the thermal power units under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range. S4. Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, and in combination with the heat storage and release operating mechanism and the deep peak regulation and peak peak regulation mechanisms, quantitatively analyze the impact of different pressurized heat storage tank configuration schemes, different heat storage and release periods, and different storage and release heat amounts on the adjustment capability and peak regulation capability of the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit; S5. Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, as well as the adjustment and peak-shaving capabilities of the atmospheric heat storage tank on the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit, with the goal of minimizing the annual total economic cost, maximizing energy utilization, and maximizing the operating benefits of the thermal power unit, an optimal configuration model for the pressurized heat storage tank is established, and an optimal configuration plan for the pressurized heat storage tank is output.

2. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: Said S1 comprises: Obtained the system structure of the original thermal power plant, including multiple thermal power units, heating network circulation pumps, first peak heaters, peak-shaving electrode boilers, and heating network water supply and return pipelines; The existing thermal power plant system structure was renovated to form a thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, including: multiple pressurized thermal storage tanks, thermal storage booster pumps, heat release booster pumps, a second peak heater, and multiple regulating valves for regulating the amount of stored and released heat; Among them, the hot end of each pressurized heat storage tank is connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, and is also connected to the water supply pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, a second peak heater, and a heat storage booster pump; the cold end of each pressurized heat storage tank is connected to the return water pipeline of the heating network through a regulating valve, and is also connected to the return water pipeline of the heating network through a heat release booster pump; each pressurized heat storage tank is connected in parallel; the number of the peak-shaving electrode boilers is at least one.

3. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a heat storage and release operation mechanism of a thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system is set, including: During the heat storage process in the pressurized heat storage tank, hot water from the heat network water supply pipeline is drawn out and led to the heat storage booster pump through the heat storage high-temperature water jellyfish pipe. After being pressurized, it enters the second peak heater. In the second peak heater, it is heated to a preset high temperature by the steam extracted from the thermal power unit. It is then led to the upper high-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank and enters the pressurized heat storage tank through the regulating valve. At the same time, cold water is squeezed downward, and the cold water flows out of the tank from the lower low-temperature water interface. It is then transported to the heat network return pipe through the heat storage low-temperature water jellyfish pipe until the tank is filled with hot water at the preset high temperature, and the heat storage process is completed. During the heat release process of the pressurized heat storage tank, the cold water in the heat network return pipe is drawn out, and is led to the heat release booster pump through the heat storage low-temperature water jellyfish pipe. After being pressurized, it is transported to the lower low-temperature water interface of the pressurized heat storage tank, and enters the pressurized heat storage tank through the regulating valve. At the same time, the hot water is squeezed upward, and the hot water flows out of the tank from the upper high-temperature water interface. After the regulating valve on the heat storage high-temperature water jellyfish pipe controls the preset high-temperature hot water flow rate, it is transported to the heat network water supply pipeline and mixed with the hot water output by the peak-shaving electrode boiler. The heat network water supply pipeline supplies hot water of the set temperature to the outside until the cold water fills the tank and the heat release process ends.

4. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S2, a deep peak regulation and top peak regulation mechanism of the thermal power plant pressurized heat storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system is set up, including: During the deep peak regulation process, the peak-shaving electrode boiler and the pressurized heat storage tank operate in coordination; when the power generation load borne by the steam turbine of the thermal power unit is in a high range, the heat provided by the steam turbine extraction and back pressure is sufficient, and a part of it is directly supplied to the heat network to meet the heat load demand, and the other part is used to partially heat the water in the pressurized heat storage tank to store the excess heat; when deep peak regulation is required, the power generation load borne by the steam turbine is reduced, and the heat provided by the steam turbine extraction and back pressure is insufficient to meet the heat load demand, the peak-shaving electrode boiler is put into operation, consuming the power output of the new energy unit to generate heat, supplying heat to the heat network, making up for the shortfall in heat supply from the steam turbine, and when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is surplus, it is stored in the pressurized heat storage tank, or when the heat generated by the peak-shaving electrode boiler is insufficient, the pressurized heat storage tank releases heat to make up for the heat load gap; During the peak load regulation process, when the power grid increases the power load, the steam extraction capacity of the steam turbine for heating is reduced or shut down, the peak load regulation electrode boiler is cut off, and rapid peak load regulation is performed. At the same time, the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank is released to meet the heat load demand.

5. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 4, characterized in that: During the deep peak-shaving and top-peak peak-shaving processes, the operating restrictions of the thermal power units under different thermal and electrical loads must be met in real time, including the minimum power generation load restriction, the maximum power generation load restriction, and the maximum heating load restriction. When the heat load of the thermal power plant increased during heat storage in the pressurized heat storage tank meets the maximum heating load restriction, it indicates that the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can meet the heat required to be released by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak-shaving and top-peak peak-shaving operating conditions. When the heat load of the thermal power plant increased during heat storage in the pressurized heat storage tank exceeds the maximum heating load restriction, it is necessary to shorten the deep peak-shaving duration or the top-peak peak-shaving duration, maintain the deep peak-shaving depth and the top-peak peak-shaving degree, so that the heat stored in the pressurized heat storage tank can meet the heat required to be released by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak-shaving and top-peak peak-shaving operating conditions.

6. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S3 includes: A digital twin model of the thermal power plant pressurized thermal storage tank thermoelectric decoupling system, combining the heat network, power grid, and users, is established using a dual-driven approach based on both mechanism and data. This model also calculates the heat load demand of heat users and obtains the electricity load demand of the power grid. Set operating scenarios, including different ambient temperatures, different thermal loads, different unit operating modes, and different unit cycle parameters; The set operating scenario information is input into the digital twin model for simulation, and the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads in the full load range are analyzed and calculated, including the safe operation feasible domain of the thermal power unit, the unit energy efficiency and operating economy.

7. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: The S4 includes: Based on the operating characteristics of the thermal power unit under different thermal and electrical loads within the full load range, and in combination with the heat storage and release operating mechanism and the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving mechanisms, and after clarifying the deep peak shaving and peak peak shaving requirements, different heat storage and release periods, different storage and release heat amounts, and different configuration schemes are set for the pressurized heat storage tanks to maximize the peak shaving requirements; the different configuration schemes for the pressurized heat storage tanks include the number and capacity of the pressurized heat storage tanks; The different heat storage and release periods, different storage and release amounts, and different configuration schemes of the pressurized heat storage tank are input into the digital twin model for simulation. By changing the configuration scheme, heat storage and release period, and storage and release amount of the pressurized heat storage tank, the changes in the thermal and electrical load curves of the thermal power unit under different conditions are analyzed. By calculating the fluctuation amplitude and adjustment speed of the thermal and electric load curves, the adjustment ability of different changing factors on the thermal and electric load curves is quantitatively analyzed. By calculating the thermal and electric load change range, deep peak regulation depth, peak peak regulation degree, and peak regulation duration of thermal power units during deep peak regulation and top peak regulation, the peak regulation capacity under different schemes is evaluated.

8. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S5, the objectives are to minimize the total annual economic cost, maximize energy utilization, and maximize the operating income of thermal power units, which are expressed as follows: my C=C inv +C oper +C main ; C is the annual total economic cost target; C inv C is the investment cost; oper C is the operating cost; main is the maintenance cost; R A is the residual value rate; r is the annual interest rate; n is the investment recovery period; is the unit capacity investment cost of the zth pressurized heat storage tank; x hs,z is the capacity of the zth pressurized heat storage tank; is the unit investment cost of the heat storage and discharge main pipe; x hp is the pipeline parameter of the heat storage and release main pipe; Ω hs ,Ω chp ,Ω lhp ,Ω dg ,Ω new They are a collection of equipment including pressurized heat storage tanks, thermal power units, heat network pipelines, peak-shaving electrode boilers, and new energy units; k is the weight under the kth operation scenario; T is the operation cycle; is the unit operating cost of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; P chp,i,t is the power of the i-th thermal power unit at time t; is the operating cost of the jth heat network pipeline at time t; is the unit operating cost of the lth peak-shaving electrode boiler at time t; P dg,l,t is the power of the lth peak-shaving electrode boiler at time t; is the unit penalty cost of the sth new energy unit at time t; P new,s,t is the amount of new energy that has not been consumed by the s-th new energy unit at time t; They are the maintenance costs of thermal power units, heating network pipelines and pressurized heat storage tanks; F is the energy utilization target; To absorb the abandoned electricity of new energy for peak-shaving electrode boilers; To replace the heat supply of thermal power units for peak-shaving electrode boilers; To absorb heat for the pressurized heat storage tank; Release heat to the pressurized heat storage tank; maxE=R p +R en +R r ; R p =Fp pp ; E is the operating profit target of the thermal power unit; R p is the peak load compensation income of thermal power units; p pp is the compensation price for peak load regulation unit; R en is the difference in operating environment benefit of the generator set; p en Environmental pollution control costs; p gas The cost of waste gas treatment; c coal is the fuel cost of thermal power unit; Δm coal is the amount of fuel saved; R r The peak-valley price difference and heat sales income of thermal power units; c ele is the peak-to-valley price difference; c heat The unit price is the selling price.

9. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 1, characterized in that: After S5, the following steps are further included: S6. Calculate the heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep peak-shaving period and the peak peak-shaving period under typical daily conditions during the early and late cold periods and the extreme cold period, analyze the heat storage required during the remaining periods, determine whether the heat storage meets the requirements of deep peak-shaving and peak peak-shaving, and calculate the configuration plan for the pressurized heat storage tank; S7. Comprehensively consider the output scheme of the pressurized heat storage tank optimization configuration model and the calculated heat storage tank configuration scheme, and output the final pressurized heat storage tank configuration scheme.

10. The method for optimizing the configuration of pressurized heat storage tanks in a thermal power plant according to claim 9, characterized in that: The S6 includes: S601. Calculate the heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank during the deep regulation period and the peak regulation period under typical daily operating conditions during the early and late cold periods and the extreme cold period, and accumulate the total heat release required by the pressurized heat storage tank for peak regulation. This total heat release is then allocated according to the non-peak regulation period to calculate the required heat storage capacity of the pressurized heat storage tank and the increased heat load of the thermal power plant during each non-peak regulation period. S602: Determine whether the increased heat load of the thermal power plant meets the maximum heating load limit. If so, calculate the configured capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks based on the total heat release required for peak load regulation of the pressurized heat storage tanks and the parameters of each pressurized heat storage tank. If the maximum heating load limit is exceeded, shorten the duration of deep peak load regulation and top peak load regulation, and repeat S601 until the maximum heating load limit is met, and output the configured capacity and number of pressurized heat storage tanks.

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