1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on optocoupler-MOS relay

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay, which can solve the technical problem of reduced reliability of a reusable launch vehicle in operation when switching a terminal resistance in the related art. The system includes a 1533B bus and a plurality of terminal resistance switching modules, which can be configured with corresponding terminal resistance switching modules to switch terminal resistances for multi-stage separation scenarios (ground stage, first stage, and second stage). The terminal resistance switching module includes a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller. The microcontroller receives instructions from a flight control computer to control the on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay and the second optocoupler-MOS relay. The 1533B bus has a first channel and a second channel, which can avoid the problem of switching function failure. Meanwhile, the terminal resistance intelligent switching system provided by the embodiments of the present application has no electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the reliability of the reusable launch vehicle launch mission.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aerospace communication technology, and in particular to a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay. BACKGROUND

[0002] The 1553B bus is a high-reliability real-time data transmission bus mainly used in the field of aerospace. Its topology is bus topology, and terminal resistors need to be connected in series at both ends of the bus. The main functions of the 1553B bus terminal resistor are twofold. One is to prevent signal reflection and ensure signal accuracy and undistortion. The other is impedance matching to improve communication efficiency. In the rocket launch mission, the rocket 1553B bus cable needs to be separated through the drop connector between the rocket and the ground and the interstage separation connector during the process of the rocket taking off from the launch pad and interstage separation. At this time, the 1553B bus terminal resistor will change. In order to ensure the normal operation of the 1553B bus, the terminal resistance of the 1553B bus needs to be switched and controlled.

[0003] At present, the commonly used terminal resistance switching mode is to use a mechanical electromagnetic relay switch to control the switching of the terminal resistance. By controlling the on-off of the mechanical contact, the switching of the terminal resistance on the bus is controlled.

[0004] However, the mechanical contact of the electromagnetic relay has the risk of mechanical wear, easy sticking failure and electromagnetic interference, and does not have the function of circuit short-circuit protection, which reduces the operation reliability of the launch vehicle. SUMMARY

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay, which can solve the technical problem of reduced operation reliability of the launch vehicle in related art terminal resistance switching.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay, which comprises a 1533B bus and a plurality of terminal resistance switching modules; each terminal resistance switching module is electrically connected with the 1533B bus and a flight control computer; wherein the terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller; the 1533B bus comprises a first channel, a third terminal resistance arranged in the first channel, a second channel, and a fourth terminal resistance arranged in the second channel; the first optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin, and a fourth relay pin; the second optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin, and an eighth relay pin; an input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance, and an output of the first channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a first loop; the first loop comprises the third terminal resistance; an input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance, and an output of the second channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a second loop; the second loop comprises the fourth terminal resistance; the third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin, and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected with the microcontroller; the microcontroller is electrically connected with the flight control computer; a separation connector is arranged between adjacent two terminal resistance switching modules; the separation connector is used to realize the on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

[0008] Based on the above description of the 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay provided by the embodiments of the present application, it can be known that the 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a 1533B bus and a plurality of terminal resistance switching modules, and corresponding terminal resistance switching modules can be configured to switch terminal resistances for multi-stage separation scenarios (ground section, first stage section, and second stage section). The terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller, which receives instructions from a flight control computer and controls the on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay and the second optocoupler-MOS relay. In the case that the 1533B bus has a first channel and a second channel, the switching function failure problem can be avoided, and the terminal resistance intelligent switching system provided by the embodiments of the present application has no electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the reliability of the repeatable launch vehicle launch task.

[0009] In addition, the embodiments of the present application can realize intelligentization and miniaturization.

[0010] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, the terminal resistance switching module further comprises: a driving circuit; the third relay pin and the fourth relay pin are electrically connected to the microcontroller through the driving circuit to control the on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay; the seventh relay pin and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected to the microcontroller through the driving circuit to control the on-off of the second optocoupler-MOS relay.

[0011] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, the terminal resistance switching module further comprises: a sampling circuit; the sampling circuit and the microcontroller are electrically connected to transmit the bus current parameter to the microcontroller.

[0012] In this way, by arranging the sampling circuit, the bus working state is detected and fault positioning is performed in real time, and the circuit short circuit protection function can be realized.

[0013] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, the terminal resistance switching module further comprises: a communication interface circuit and a power supply circuit; the flight control computer, the communication interface circuit and the microcontroller are electrically connected in sequence to enable the microcontroller to communicate with the on-board flight control computer, receive control instructions and feedback state data; the external power supply, the power supply circuit and the microcontroller are electrically connected in sequence.

[0014] In a feasible implementation manner of the first aspect, the plurality of terminal resistance switching modules comprise a ground terminal resistance switching module, a primary terminal resistance switching module and a secondary terminal resistance switching module, in the case of the first preset state, the ground terminal resistance switching module is turned on, the primary terminal resistance switching module and the secondary terminal resistance switching module are both turned off, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the ground terminal resistance switching module are in a normally closed state, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the primary terminal resistance switching module are in a normally open state, and the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the secondary terminal resistance switching module are in a normally open state; the 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on the optocoupler-MOS relay further comprises: a ground terminal device; the ground terminal device is electrically connected to the first channel; the ground terminal device is electrically connected to the second channel; the first loop comprises the first terminal resistance and the third terminal resistance of the ground terminal resistance switching module; the second loop comprises the second terminal resistance and the fourth terminal resistance of the ground terminal resistance switching module.

[0015] In an implementation of the first aspect, the plurality of terminal resistance switching modules comprises a ground terminal resistance switching module, a primary terminal resistance switching module and a secondary terminal resistance switching module, in the second preset state, the primary terminal resistance switching module is turned on, the ground terminal resistance switching module and the secondary terminal resistance switching module are both turned off, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the primary terminal resistance switching module are in a normally closed state, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the ground terminal resistance switching module are in a normally open state, and the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the secondary terminal resistance switching module are in a normally open state.

[0016] In an implementation of the first aspect, the plurality of terminal resistance switching modules comprises a primary terminal resistance switching module and a secondary terminal resistance switching module, in the third preset state, the secondary terminal resistance switching module is turned on, the primary terminal resistance switching module is turned off, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the secondary terminal resistance switching module are in a normally closed state, and the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the primary terminal resistance switching module are in a normally open state.

[0017] In an implementation of the first aspect, the microcontroller is configured to calculate heat according to an overcurrent protection curve algorithm to obtain a bus working state result.

[0018] In an implementation of the first aspect, the plurality of terminal resistance switching modules are integrated into a coupler of the 1553B bus.

[0019] In a second aspect, the embodiments of the present application provide a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching method based on an optocoupler-MOS relay, which comprises: each terminal resistance switching module is electrically connected with a 1533B bus and a flight control computer; wherein the terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller; the 1533B bus comprises a first channel, a third terminal resistance arranged in the first channel, a second channel, and a fourth terminal resistance arranged in the second channel; the first optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin, and a fourth relay pin; the second optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin, and an eighth relay pin; an input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance, and an output of the first channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a first loop; the first loop comprises the third terminal resistance; an input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance, and an output of the second channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a second loop; the second loop comprises the fourth terminal resistance; the third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin, and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected with the microcontroller; the microcontroller is electrically connected with the flight control computer; a separation connector is arranged between adjacent two terminal resistance switching modules; and the separation connector is used to realize the on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

[0020] The 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching method based on the optocoupler-MOS relay can configure corresponding terminal resistance switching modules to switch terminal resistances for multi-stage separation scenarios (ground section, first-stage section, and second-stage section) by arranging the 1533B bus and a plurality of terminal resistance switching modules. The terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller. The microcontroller receives instructions from the flight control computer to control the on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay and the second optocoupler-MOS relay. In the case that the 1533B bus has a first channel and a second channel, the switching function failure problem can be avoided. Meanwhile, the terminal resistance intelligent switching system provided by the embodiments of the present application has no electromagnetic interference, thereby improving the reliability of the reusable launch vehicle launch task. In addition, the embodiments of the present application can realize intelligentization and miniaturization.

[0021] In a third aspect, the embodiment of the present application provides a terminal resistance switching module, which is electrically connected with a 1533B bus and a microcontroller, the 1533B bus includes a first channel, a third terminal resistance arranged in the first channel, a second channel and a fourth terminal resistance arranged in the second channel, and the terminal resistance switching module includes a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance and the microcontroller; the first optocoupler-MOS relay includes a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin and a fourth relay pin; the second optocoupler-MOS relay includes a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin and an eighth relay pin; an input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance and an output of the first channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a first loop; the first loop includes the third terminal resistance; an input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance and an output of the second channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a second loop; the second loop includes the fourth terminal resistance; the third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected with the microcontroller; a separation connector is arranged between two adjacent terminal resistance switching modules; and the separation connector is used to realize on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

[0022] In this way, the terminal resistance switching module includes the first optocoupler-MOS relay, the first terminal resistance, the second optocoupler-MOS relay, the second terminal resistance and the microcontroller, the microcontroller receives an instruction of a flight control computer, and then controls on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay and the second optocoupler-MOS relay. In the case that the 1533B bus has the first channel and the second channel, the switching function failure problem can be avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 A structure schematic diagram of a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a terminal resistance switching module in a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay is provided for the embodiment of the present application.

[0025] REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0026] 101 - first channel; 102 - second channel; 103 - third terminal resistance; 104 - fourth terminal resistance; 200 - terminal resistance switching module; 201 - first optocoupler-MOS relay; 2011 - first relay pin; 2012 - second relay pin; 2013 - third relay pin; 2014 - fourth relay pin; 202 - first terminal resistance; 203 - second optocoupler-MOS relay; 2031 - fifth relay pin; 2032 - sixth relay pin; 2033 - seventh relay pin; 2034 - eighth relay pin; 204 - second terminal resistance; 205 - microcontroller; 206 - driving circuit; 207 - sampling circuit; 208 - communication interface circuit; 209 - power supply circuit; 300 - flight control computer; 400 - ground terminal device; 500 - primary terminal device; 600 - secondary terminal device; 700 - coupler; 800 - separation connector; 901a - second coupling circuit; 901b - first coupling circuit; 902a - fourth coupling circuit; 902b - third coupling circuit; 903a - sixth coupling circuit; 903b - fifth coupling circuit; 200a - ground terminal resistance switching module; 200b - primary terminal resistance switching module; 200c - secondary terminal resistance switching module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "a plurality of" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise specified. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, and c can be single or multiple.

[0028] In addition, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same function and effect. Those skilled in the art can understand that "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily mean different. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present application, "exemplary" or "for example" is used to represent as an example, illustration or description. Any embodiment or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Rather, the use of "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concept in a specific manner, for easy understanding.

[0029] The principles and features of the present application are described below, and the examples are used only to explain the present application and not to limit the scope of the present application.

[0030] With the rise of reusable launch vehicles in recent years, the reliability requirements for on-board electrical equipment are becoming higher and higher, and multiple reuse and long-term operation have become new challenges for rocket electrical equipment. In the engineering practice of reusable launch vehicles, the on-board electrical system faces multiple reliability challenges. Compared with the traditional one-time launch vehicle, which only needs to meet a single launch task (typical service life <4 hours), the electrical equipment of reusable launch vehicles needs to withstand more than 10 reuse life (cumulative more than 200 hours) and the continuous stability test under extreme conditions.

[0031] In the engineering practice of reusable launch vehicles, the reliability challenge of on-board electrical system is closely related to signal transmission performance, and the core contradiction is reflected in signal stability under high reuse life and anti-interference ability in extreme dynamic environment. Compared with the short single task of traditional one-time rocket, the signal transmission reliability design of reusable rocket electrical equipment needs to be restructured.

[0032] Terminal resistance switching is a key technology to ensure signal transmission integrity by dynamically adjusting the impedance matching resistance value at the end of the bus. When the bus topology structure changes (such as launch vehicle stage separation, physical disconnection of ground equipment and on-board equipment, or dynamic access / removal of equipment), the impedance value of the original terminal resistance may be mismatched due to changes in bus length or load. At this time, the switching action needs to be triggered. After switching, the system will disconnect the original resistance network and activate a new terminal resistance that matches the current bus physical length and characteristic impedance (usually 78Ω). At the same time, the damping circuit absorbs the residual energy. This adjustment can eliminate signal reflection and waveform distortion caused by impedance mutation, maintain the stability of bus voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), and restore signal rise time, amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio to the protocol allowed range, thereby avoiding problems such as increased bit error rate, data frame loss or command transmission failure.

[0033] Finally, terminal resistance switching ensures the real-time and reliability of bus communication in high dynamic scenarios, such as maintaining lossless data transmission between on-board equipment and ground control before rocket separation (including the moment when the rocket is about to separate). This provides bottom support for the redundant control and fault tolerance of complex systems.

[0034] The more severe challenge is electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) design. The traditional mechanical relay (such as G6K-2F) will generate a broadband radiation interference (30-300 MHz frequency band) of up to 60 dB mu V / m when the switch is actuated, and the peak value of the transient back electromotive force can reach 10 times the coil voltage (typical value 200V). Such interference will be coupled to sensitive equipment such as navigation computers and attitude control sensors through the common ground impedance in the high-density electronic cabin of the rocket, resulting in a 37% increase in BIT (in-cabin self-test) false alarm rate. The above risks seriously reduce the reliability of repeatable launch vehicle launch missions.

[0035] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching method based on optocoupler-MOS relay, which is suitable for the field of aerospace communication technology. For example, various terminal resistance switching scenarios, especially terminal resistance switching scenarios of reusable launch vehicles.

[0036] Figure 1 A structure diagram of a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optocoupler-MOS relay is provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 In some embodiments, the 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on the optocoupler-MOS relay includes a 1533B bus 100 and a plurality of terminal resistance switching modules 200. Each terminal resistance switching module 200 is electrically connected with the 1533B bus 100 and a flight control computer 300.

[0037] The 1533B bus 100 includes a first channel 101 (such as a B channel as shown in Figure 1 ), a second channel 102 (such as an A channel as shown in Figure 1 ), a third terminal resistance 103 arranged at the first channel 101, and a fourth terminal resistance 104 arranged at the second channel 102. A dual-channel redundant design is adopted to improve system reliability, and the main channel can be seamlessly switched to the standby channel when the main channel fails. In this way, the mature redundant channel architecture realizes fault tolerance capability through two independent communication links.

[0038] As shown in Figure 2 , the terminal resistance switching module 200 includes a first optocoupler-MOS relay 201, a first terminal resistance 202, a second optocoupler-MOS relay 203, a second terminal resistance 204, and a microcontroller 205. In this way, the microcontroller and the optocoupler relay with the intelligent control chip as the core are used to realize the intelligent switching of the terminal resistance, and the microcontroller communicates with the on-board flight control computer in real time.

[0039] In order to realize miniaturization and intelligentization, in some embodiments, a plurality of terminal resistance switching modules are integrated into a coupler 700 of the 1553B bus.

[0040] On one hand, it receives timing control commands from the flight control computer to control the switching of the terminal resistors. These timing control commands are used to precisely coordinate the rocket's stage-by-stage separation actions, including the timing logic for booster separation and the separation of the first and second stages, ensuring that each stage of separation is executed with millisecond-level precision.

[0041] The first optocoupler-MOS relay 201 includes a first relay pin 2011, a second relay pin 2012, a third relay pin 2013, and a fourth relay pin 2014.

[0042] The second optocoupler-MOS relay 203 includes a fifth relay pin 2031, a sixth relay pin 2032, a seventh relay pin 2033, and an eighth relay pin 2034.

[0043] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the input of the first channel 101 (e.g.) Figure 1 The diagram shows B+), first relay pin 2011, second relay pin 2012, first terminating resistor 202, and the output of first channel 101 (as shown). Figure 1 The B-) shown are connected in sequence to form a first circuit. The first circuit includes a third terminating resistor 103.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the input of the second channel 102 (such as...) Figure 1 The A+ shown), fifth relay pin 2031, sixth relay pin 2032, second terminating resistor 204, and output of second channel 102 (as shown) Figure 1 The A-) shown are connected in sequence to form a second circuit. The second circuit includes a fourth terminating resistor 104.

[0045] The third relay pin 2013, the fourth relay pin 2014, the seventh relay pin 2033, and the eighth relay pin 2034 are all electrically connected to the microcontroller 205.

[0046] The microcontroller 205 is electrically connected with the flight control computer 300. In some embodiments, the microcontroller 205 is configured to calculate heat according to the overcurrent protection curve algorithm to obtain the bus working state result. In one implementation, the microcontroller monitors the circuit state on the 1553B bus in real time, and if a line short circuit is detected, the circuit can be immediately switched off to achieve the function of protecting the equipment on the line, and the switching state of the terminal resistor and the short circuit state of the bus can be reported to the flight control computer for rapid troubleshooting and positioning. In some embodiments, the loop current is monitored, and if the current exceeds the preset time abnormally, it is considered that the line is short-circuited. For example, the preset time can be 1 millisecond when the current threshold is 1 mA-2 mA. For example, the preset time can be 2 milliseconds when the current threshold is 0 mA-1 mA.

[0047] A separation connector 800 is arranged between two adjacent terminal resistor switching modules. The separation connector 800 is used to realize the on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

[0048] As shown in Figure 2 some embodiments, the terminal resistor switching module further comprises a driving circuit 206. The third relay pin 2013 and the fourth relay pin 2014 are electrically connected with the microcontroller 205 through the driving circuit 206 to control the on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay 201. The seventh relay pin 2033 and the eighth relay pin 2034 are electrically connected with the microcontroller 205 through the driving circuit 206 to control the on-off of the second optocoupler-MOS relay 203.

[0049] As shown in Figure 2 some embodiments, the terminal resistor switching module further comprises a sampling circuit 207. The sampling circuit 207 and the microcontroller 205 are electrically connected to transmit the bus current parameters to the microcontroller 205.

[0050] As shown in Figure 2 some embodiments, the terminal resistor switching module further comprises a communication interface circuit 208 and a power supply circuit 209. The flight control computer 300, the communication interface circuit 208 and the microcontroller 205 are electrically connected in sequence, so that the microcontroller 205 communicates with the on-board flight control computer 300, receives control instructions and feedback state data. The external power supply, the power supply circuit 209 and the microcontroller 205 are electrically connected. In this way, the microcontroller communicates with the on-board flight control computer through the communication interface circuit, receives control instructions and feedback state data. According to the instructions of the flight control computer, the on-off of the optocoupler-MOS relay (including the first optocoupler-MOS relay and the second optocoupler-MOS relay) is controlled through the driving circuit.

[0051] It should be noted that "sequential electrical connection" means that the flight control computer 300 is electrically connected to the communication interface circuit 208, and the communication interface circuit 208 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 205. The flight control computer 300 and the microcontroller 205 are not directly electrically connected. After clarifying the static connection architecture of the onboard electrical system, it is necessary to further analyze its state transition in the dynamic mission profile. For three typical operating conditions throughout the entire life cycle of the launch vehicle: ground testing, active phase flight, and interstage separation, the bus terminal network will switch impedance matching strategies according to the topology changes. This will be explained in detail below.

[0052] In the first preset state, which is a ground test before rocket launch,...

[0053] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, multiple terminal resistance switching modules include a ground terminal resistance switching module 200a, a primary terminal resistance switching module 200b, and a secondary terminal resistance switching module 200c. In a first preset state, the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a is turned on, while the primary terminal resistance switching modules 200b and 200c are both turned off. The first relay pin 2011, the second relay pin 2012, the fifth relay pin 2031, and the sixth relay pin 2032 of the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a are normally closed, the first relay pin 2011, the second relay pin 2012, the fifth relay pin 2031, and the sixth relay pin 2032 of the primary terminal resistance switching module 200b are normally open, and the first relay pin 2011, the second relay pin 2012, the fifth relay pin 2031, and the sixth relay pin 2032 of the secondary terminal resistance switching module 200c are normally open. The 1553B bus terminating resistor intelligent switching system based on optocoupler-MOS relay also includes ground terminal equipment 400 (also known as RT1, used for ground measurement, transmission and control).

[0054] Ground terminal equipment 400 is electrically connected to the first channel 101. For example, ground terminal equipment 400 is electrically connected to the first channel 101 via a first coupling circuit 901b. The first coupling circuit 901b may include an inductor and two resistors. The inductor of the first coupling circuit 901b is positioned opposite to the inductor of the ground terminal equipment 400 to achieve the coupled electrical connection.

[0055] Ground terminal equipment 400 is electrically connected to the second channel 102. For example, ground terminal equipment 400 is electrically connected to the second channel 102 via a second coupling circuit 901a. The second coupling circuit 901a may include an inductor and two resistors. The inductor of the second coupling circuit 901a is positioned opposite to the inductor of the ground terminal equipment 400 to achieve the coupled electrical connection.

[0056] The first circuit includes a first terminating resistor 202 and a third terminating resistor 103 of the ground terminating resistor switching module 200a. The second circuit includes a second terminating resistor 204 and a fourth terminating resistor 104 of the ground terminating resistor switching module 200a.

[0057] In this way, the flight control computer sends an optocoupler-MOS relay turn-on command to the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a, and an optocoupler-MOS relay turn-off command to the first-level terminal resistance switching module 200b and the second-level terminal resistance switching module 200c. At this time, the ground terminal equipment (i.e., the ground telemetry, telemetry and control RT1 terminal equipment) is connected to the 1553B bus, and the terminal resistance on the bus consists of the first terminal resistance 202 and the third terminal resistance 103 of the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a, and the second terminal resistance 204 and the fourth terminal resistance 104 of the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a.

[0058] In the second preset state, where the terminal resistor switches during rocket launch,...

[0059] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, multiple terminal resistance switching modules include a ground terminal resistance switching module 200a, a primary terminal resistance switching module 200b, and a secondary terminal resistance switching module 200c. In a second preset state, the primary terminal resistance switching module 200b is turned on, while the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a and the secondary terminal resistance switching module 200c are both turned off. The first relay pin 2011, the second relay pin 2012, the fifth relay pin 2031, and the sixth relay pin 2032 of the primary terminal resistance switching module 200b are normally closed, while the first relay pin 2011, the second relay pin 2012, the fifth relay pin 2031, and the sixth relay pin 2032 of the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a are normally open, and the first relay pin 2011, the second relay pin 2012, the fifth relay pin 2031, and the sixth relay pin 2032 of the secondary terminal resistance switching module 200c are normally open. The 1553B bus terminating resistor intelligent switching system based on optocoupler-MOS relay also includes a first-level terminating device 500 (also referred to as RT2-RTn, used for rocket first-level bus terminating).

[0060] The primary terminal device 500 is electrically connected to the first channel. For example, the primary terminal device 500 is electrically connected to the first channel 101 via a third coupling circuit 902b. The third coupling circuit 902b may include an inductor and two resistors. The inductor of the third coupling circuit 902b is positioned opposite to the inductor of the primary terminal device 500 to achieve the coupled electrical connection.

[0061] The primary terminal device 500 is electrically connected to the second channel. For example, the primary terminal device 500 is electrically connected to the second channel 102 via a fourth coupling circuit 902a. The fourth coupling circuit 902a may include an inductor and two resistors. The inductor of the fourth coupling circuit 902a is positioned opposite to the inductor of the primary terminal device 500 to achieve the coupled electrical connection.

[0062] The first circuit includes a first terminating resistor 202 and a third terminating resistor 103 of the primary terminating resistor switching module 200b. The second circuit includes a second terminating resistor 204 and a fourth terminating resistor 104 of the primary terminating resistor switching module 200b. The disconnect connector 800 between the ground terminating resistor switching module 200a and the primary terminating resistor switching module 200b is disconnected.

[0063] In this way, just before liftoff, the flight control computer sends optocoupler-MOS relay disconnect commands to the ground terminal resistance switching module 200a and the secondary terminal resistance switching module 200c respectively, while simultaneously sending an optocoupler-MOS relay closing command to the primary terminal resistance switching module 200b. At this time, the ground terminal equipment (i.e., the ground telemetry and control RT1 terminal equipment) disconnects from the 1553B bus connection. The bus terminal resistance consists of the first terminal resistance 202 and the third terminal resistance 103 of the primary terminal resistance switching module 200b, and the second terminal resistance 204 and the fourth terminal resistance 104 of the primary terminal resistance switching module 200b. After the bus terminal resistance switching is completed, the rocket lifts off, and the rocket-ground disconnect connector is disconnected.

[0064] In the third preset state, which is the switching of the terminal resistor during the rocket stage separation process,...

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the multiple terminating resistor switching modules include a primary terminating resistor switching module 200b and a secondary terminating resistor switching module 200c. In a third preset state, the secondary terminating resistor switching module 200c is turned on, the primary terminating resistor switching module 200b is turned off, and the first relay pin 2011, second relay pin 2012, fifth relay pin 2031, and sixth relay pin 2032 of the secondary terminating resistor switching module 200c are normally closed, while the first relay pin 2011, second relay pin 2012, fifth relay pin 2031, and sixth relay pin 2032 of the primary terminating resistor switching module 200b are normally open. The 1553B bus terminating resistor intelligent switching system based on optocoupler-MOS relays also includes a secondary terminating device 600 (also referred to as RT). n+1 -RT x (used for rocket second-stage bus terminals).

[0066] The second terminal device 600 is electrically connected with the first channel. For example, the second terminal device 600 is electrically connected with the first channel 101 through the fifth coupling circuit 903b. The fifth coupling circuit 903b can include an inductor and two resistors. The inductor of the fifth coupling circuit 903b is arranged opposite to the inductor of the second terminal device 600 to realize the coupling electrical connection.

[0067] The second terminal device 600 is electrically connected with the second channel. For example, the second terminal device 600 is electrically connected with the second channel 102 through the sixth coupling circuit 903a. The sixth coupling circuit 903a can include an inductor and two resistors. The inductor of the sixth coupling circuit 903a is arranged opposite to the inductor of the second terminal device 600 to realize the coupling electrical connection.

[0068] The first loop includes the first terminal resistance 202 of the second terminal resistance switching module 200c and the third terminal resistance 103. The second loop includes the second terminal resistance 204 of the second terminal resistance switching module 200c and the fourth terminal resistance 104. The separation connector 800 between the first terminal resistance switching module 200b and the second terminal resistance switching module 200c is disconnected. In this way, before the interstage separation of the rocket, the flight control computer sends the optical coupling-MOS relay opening instruction to the first terminal resistance switching module 200b in time sequence, and simultaneously sends the optical coupling-MOS relay closing instruction to the second terminal resistance switching module 200c. At this time, the first terminal device (i.e., the first stage RT terminal device of the rocket) exits the 1553B bus connection. On the bus, the terminal resistance is composed of the first terminal resistance 202 and the third terminal resistance 103 of the second terminal resistance switching module 200c, and the second terminal resistance 204 and the fourth terminal resistance 104 of the second terminal resistance switching module 200c. After the bus terminal resistance switching is realized, the rocket is separated, and the interstage separation connector is separated.

[0069] The embodiment of the present application provides a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on an optical coupling-MOS relay, avoids the switching function failure problem, has a circuit short circuit protection function, has no electromagnetic interference, and can greatly improve the reliability of the repeatable launch rocket launch task through the above measures, and realizes the intelligentization and miniaturization, and can detect the bus working state in real time and locate the fault.

[0070] The embodiment of the present application provides a 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching method based on an optical coupling-MOS relay. The 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching method based on the optical coupling-MOS relay includes the following steps.

[0071] S1, each terminal resistance switching module is electrically connected with the 1533B bus and the flight control computer.

[0072] The terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance and a microcontroller.

[0073] The 1533B bus comprises a first channel, a third terminal resistance arranged in the first channel, a second channel and a fourth terminal resistance arranged in the second channel.

[0074] The first optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin and a fourth relay pin.

[0075] The second optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin and an eighth relay pin.

[0076] The input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance and the output of the first channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a first loop.

[0077] The input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance and the output of the second channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a second loop.

[0078] The third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected with the microcontroller.

[0079] The microcontroller is electrically connected with the flight control computer.

[0080] A separation connector is arranged between two adjacent terminal resistance switching modules. The separation connector is used to realize the on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

[0081] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

[0082] In addition, it is obvious that the word "comprising" does not exclude other units or steps, and the singular does not exclude the plural. The plurality of units or devices stated in the device claim can also be implemented by one unit or device through software or hardware. The words first, second, etc. are used to indicate names, and not to indicate any specific order.

Claims

1. A 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on photo-coupler-MOS relay, characterized in that, The application relates to a terminal resistance switching module for a 1533B bus. The terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optocoupler-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optocoupler-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance and a microcontroller. The 1533B bus comprises a first channel, a third terminal resistance arranged in the first channel, a second channel and a fourth terminal resistance arranged in the second channel. The first optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin and a fourth relay pin. The second optocoupler-MOS relay comprises a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin and an eighth relay pin. An input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance and an output of the first channel are sequentially electrically connected to form a first loop; the first loop comprises the third terminal resistance. An input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance and an output of the second channel are sequentially electrically connected to form a second loop; the second loop comprises the fourth terminal resistance. The third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected to the microcontroller. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the flight control computer. A separation connector is arranged between two adjacent terminal resistance switching modules; the separation connector is used for realizing on-off of the first loop and the second loop. The terminal resistance switching module further comprises a driving circuit.

2. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 1, wherein, The third relay pin and the fourth relay pin are electrically connected to the microcontroller through the driving circuit to control on-off of the first optocoupler-MOS relay; the seventh relay pin and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected to the microcontroller through the driving circuit to control on-off of the second optocoupler-MOS relay. The terminal resistance switching module further comprises a sampling circuit.

3. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 2, wherein, The sampling circuit is electrically connected to the microcontroller to transmit bus current parameters to the microcontroller. The terminal resistance switching module further comprises a communication interface circuit and a power supply circuit.

4. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The flight control computer, the communication interface circuit and the microcontroller are sequentially electrically connected to enable the microcontroller to communicate with the flight control computer, receive control instructions and feedback state data. An external power supply, the power supply circuit and the microcontroller are sequentially electrically connected. The plurality of terminal resistance switching modules comprises a ground terminal resistance switching module, a primary terminal resistance switching module and a secondary terminal resistance switching module.

5. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, ​ In the case of the first preset state, the ground terminal resistance switching module is turned on, the first-level terminal resistance switching module and the second-level terminal resistance switching module are both turned off, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the ground terminal resistance switching module are in the normally closed state, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the first-level terminal resistance switching module are in the normally open state, and the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the second-level terminal resistance switching module are in the normally open state. The 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on the optocoupler-MOS relay further comprises a ground terminal device. The ground terminal device is electrically connected with the first channel, and the ground terminal device is electrically connected with the second channel. The first loop comprises the first terminal resistance of the ground terminal resistance switching module and the third terminal resistance, and the second loop comprises the second terminal resistance of the ground terminal resistance switching module and the fourth terminal resistance.

6. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plurality of terminal resistance switching modules comprises a ground terminal resistance switching module, a first-level terminal resistance switching module and a second-level terminal resistance switching module, In the case of the second preset state, the first-level terminal resistance switching module is turned on, the ground terminal resistance switching module and the second-level terminal resistance switching module are both turned off, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the first-level terminal resistance switching module are in the normally closed state, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the ground terminal resistance switching module are in the normally open state, and the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the second-level terminal resistance switching module are in the normally open state. The 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on the optocoupler-MOS relay further comprises a first-level terminal device. The first-level terminal device is electrically connected with the first channel, and the first-level terminal device is electrically connected with the second channel. The first loop comprises the first terminal resistance of the first-level terminal resistance switching module and the third terminal resistance, and the second loop comprises the second terminal resistance of the first-level terminal resistance switching module and the fourth terminal resistance. The separation connector between the ground terminal resistance switching module and the first-level terminal resistance switching module is disconnected.

7. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The plurality of terminal resistance switching modules comprises a first-level terminal resistance switching module and a second-level terminal resistance switching module, In the case of the third preset state, the second-level terminal resistance switching module is turned on, the first-level terminal resistance switching module is turned off, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the second-level terminal resistance switching module are in the normally closed state, and the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the fifth relay pin and the sixth relay pin of the first-level terminal resistance switching module are in the normally open state. The 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system based on the optical coupling-MOS relay further comprises a secondary terminal device; The secondary terminal device is electrically connected with the first channel; The secondary terminal device is electrically connected with the second channel; The first loop comprises the first terminal resistance of the secondary terminal resistance switching module and the third terminal resistance; and the second loop comprises the second terminal resistance of the secondary terminal resistance switching module and the fourth terminal resistance; The separation connector between the primary terminal resistance switching module and the secondary terminal resistance switching module is disconnected.

8. The opto-coupler-MOS relay based 1553B bus terminal resistance intelligent switching system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The microcontroller is configured to calculate heat according to an overcurrent protection curve algorithm to obtain a bus working state result.

9. A method for intelligent switching of 1553B bus terminal resistance based on opto-coupler-MOS relay, characterized in that, Comprise: Each terminal resistance switching module is electrically connected with the 1533B bus and the flight control computer; The terminal resistance switching module comprises a first optical coupling-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optical coupling-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller; The 1533B bus comprises a first channel, a third terminal resistance arranged in the first channel, a second channel, and a fourth terminal resistance arranged in the second channel; The first optical coupling-MOS relay comprises a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin, and a fourth relay pin; The second optical coupling-MOS relay comprises a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin, and an eighth relay pin; The input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance, and the output of the first channel are sequentially electrically connected to form a first loop; the first loop comprises the third terminal resistance; The input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance, and the output of the second channel are sequentially electrically connected to form a second loop; the second loop comprises the fourth terminal resistance; The third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin, and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected with the microcontroller; The microcontroller is electrically connected with the flight control computer; A separation connector is arranged between two adjacent terminal resistance switching modules; the separation connector is used to realize the on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

10. A terminal resistance switching module, connected with a 1533B bus and a microcontroller, the 1533B bus comprising a first channel, a third terminal resistance provided in the first channel, a second channel and a fourth terminal resistance provided in the second channel, characterized in that, Comprise: A first optical coupling-MOS relay, a first terminal resistance, a second optical coupling-MOS relay, a second terminal resistance, and a microcontroller; The first optical coupling-MOS relay comprises a first relay pin, a second relay pin, a third relay pin, and a fourth relay pin; The second optical coupling-MOS relay comprises a fifth relay pin, a sixth relay pin, a seventh relay pin, and an eighth relay pin; The input of the first channel, the first relay pin, the second relay pin, the first terminal resistance, and the output of the first channel are sequentially electrically connected to form a first loop; the first loop comprises the third terminal resistance; The input of the second channel, the fifth relay pin, the sixth relay pin, the second terminal resistance and the output of the second channel are electrically connected in sequence to form a second loop; the second loop includes the fourth terminal resistance; The third relay pin, the fourth relay pin, the seventh relay pin and the eighth relay pin are electrically connected with the microcontroller; Adjacent two terminal resistance switching modules are provided with a separation connector; the separation connector is used to realize the on-off of the first loop and the second loop.

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