Lightning stroke protection device with early warning prompt and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a lightning stroke protection device with an early warning prompt function and a manufacturing method thereof. The lightning stroke protection device comprises a device body and a connecting conductor connected with the device body. And the surface layer of the connecting conductor is provided with the temperature-sensing color-changing layer and the pressure color-changing layer. In each lightning stroke process, the temperature-sensing color-changing layer can sense the temperature rise influence of lightning current on the lightning arrester; in the multi-time lightning stroke process, the pressure color changing layer can sense the stress influence generated by the extrusion effect between components in the long-term operation process of the lightning arrester or in the multi-time thermal expansion process; visibly, the combination of the thermochromic layer and the stress color-changing layer can integrate the comprehensive influence of each temperature change and long-term stress change on the lightning arrester, and can comprehensively determine whether the lightning arrester is damaged or not under the conditions that the lightning arrester is subjected to high-temperature lightning stroke, multiple non-high-temperature lightning stroke and the like, so that false alarm and missing alarm are reduced, and the accuracy of early warning prompt is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of lightning protection devices, in particular to a lightning protection device with early warning prompts and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] At present, the lightning protection devices on the market have single functions and complex structures. When a large lightning current flows through the lightning protection devices represented by lightning rods and lightning arresters, it may carry high energy and knock down nearby people, and also generate high temperatures.

[0003] Furthermore, distribution lines, such as 10kV ones, can be damaged by multiple lightning strikes, potentially damaging the arrester. If struck again, the arrester will completely collapse, causing its resistance to drop significantly and irreversibly, from a nearly insulating state to a nearly conductive state, resulting in a short circuit. 75% of lightning strikes in nature are multi-strike, and these multiple strikes cause the temperature of the arrester valve column to rise rapidly, leading to thermal breakdown.

[0004] In order to quickly identify a lightning arrester that has been struck by lightning, temperature changes are often considered. For example, the Chinese application with publication number CN109000819A discloses a temperature-sensitive color-changing material and a color-matching circuit arrester short-circuit damage indication method. However, the following are the following: 1. The high energy brought by a lightning strike on the lightning arrester causes the temperature-sensitive material to change color, which does not necessarily mean that the lightning arrester is damaged, resulting in many false alarms. Once the color change occurs, the staff needs to inspect and replace it, resulting in a huge waste of time and increased costs; 2. There may be multiple frequent small lightning strikes, and although the temperature does not exceed the standard to cause the temperature-sensitive material to change color, the lightning arrester is damaged and missed detection.

[0005] Therefore, how to further improve the arrester and reduce false alarms and missed alarms is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a lightning protection device with early warning prompt, comprising: a device body and a connecting conductor connected to the device body;

[0007] The surface layer of the connecting conductor is provided with a thermochromic layer and a pressure-chromic layer.

[0008] Furthermore, the thermochromic layer adopts a colorless and transparent epoxy material as a base material, adds microcapsules containing a color developer as a color development factor, and adds a curing agent; the color developer can display different colors in different temperature ranges.

[0009] Furthermore, the pressure-chromic layer, using polynorbornene, polystyrene, polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, or 4,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phthalic acid and tetrabutylammonium chloride hydrogen bond organic framework, can reflect the stress state through color change.

[0010] Furthermore, the thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer are connected in series to the surface layer of the connecting conductor; and the thermochromic layer is located above the pressure-chromic layer.

[0011] Furthermore, the thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer are connected by bonding, and their extending directions are arranged in an L-shape.

[0012] In another aspect, the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a lightning protection device, wherein any of the above-mentioned lightning protection devices comprises:

[0013] According to the parameters of the device body, the material and temperature rise level of the thermochromic layer are determined to produce the thermochromic layer;

[0014] Determine the material and pressure level of the pressure-chromic layer according to the connection conductor parameters to produce the pressure-chromic layer;

[0015] attaching the thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer to the surface layer of the connecting conductor;

[0016] An early warning mapping table is determined according to the temperature rise level and pressure level, and is an accessory of the lightning protection device.

[0017] The lightning protection device with early warning prompt and the manufacturing method thereof of the present invention include a thermochromic layer and a pressure-chromic layer; during each lightning strike, the thermochromic layer can sense the temperature rise effect of the lightning current on the lightning arrester, and under different temperature rise degrees, the thermochromic layer displays different colors; during multiple lightning strikes, the pressure-chromic layer can sense the stress effect caused by the extrusion between components during the long-term operation of the lightning arrester or due to multiple thermal expansion processes, and under different stress degrees, the stress-chromic layer displays different colors; it can be seen that the combination of the thermochromic layer and the stress-chromic layer can comprehensively consider the comprehensive effects of each temperature change and long-term stress change on the lightning arrester. When the lightning arrester is subjected to high-temperature lightning strikes (violent lightning strikes) or multiple non-high-temperature lightning strikes (small stimulation), the staff can comprehensively consider the color changes of the two to determine whether the lightning arrester is damaged, reduce false alarms, missed alarms, etc., improve the accuracy of early warning prompts, reduce maintenance and replacement costs such as time, energy, and materials, and at the same time reduce possible safety risks. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A side view of an embodiment of a lightning protection device with early warning prompts according to the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2A perspective view of an embodiment of a lightning protection device with early warning prompts according to the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 The figure is a top view of an embodiment of a lightning protection device with early warning prompts according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications, such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc., then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the components in a certain specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly. In addition, if the embodiments of the present invention involve descriptions of "first, second", "S1, S2", "step one, step two", etc., then such descriptions are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features or indicating the execution order of the method, etc. Those skilled in the art can understand that anything that does not violate the main points of the invention under the technical concept of the invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] like Figure 1 -3, the present invention provides a lightning protection device with early warning prompt, including a device body 10 and a connecting conductor 20 connected to the device body;

[0024] The surface layer of the connecting conductor is provided with a thermochromic layer A and a pressure-chromic layer B.

[0025] In this embodiment, a lightning protection device with early warning prompts of the present invention is provided. The device body can be selected as a lightning protection device such as a lightning arrester. The following is an example of an arrester: 1. It includes a thermochromic layer and a pressure-chromic layer; during each lightning strike, the thermochromic layer can sense the temperature rise effect of the lightning current on the arrester, and at different temperature rise levels, the thermochromic layer displays different colors; during multiple lightning strikes, the pressure-chromic layer can sense the stress effect caused by the extrusion between components during the long-term operation of the arrester or due to multiple thermal expansion processes, and at different stress levels , the stress-chromic layer displays different colors; it can be seen that the combination of the thermochromic layer and the stress-chromic layer can comprehensively consider the comprehensive effects of each temperature change and long-term stress change on the arrester. When the arrester has been struck by high-temperature lightning (violent lightning) or multiple non-high-temperature lightning (small stimulation), the staff can comprehensively consider the color changes of the two to determine whether the arrester is damaged, reduce false alarms, missed alarms, etc., improve the accuracy of early warning prompts, reduce maintenance and replacement costs such as time, energy, and materials, and at the same time reduce possible safety risks; this technical solution seems simple, and is only a combination of the thermochromic layer and the stress-chromic layer. The combination of the color-changing layer has significant technical effects. The lightning protection devices of the existing technology either have no prompts or only have temperature color-changing prompts, ignoring that although the temperature rise is too high due to a heavy lightning strike, the lightning protection device may not be damaged; and although the temperature rise may not be high due to multiple minor lightning strikes, the stress changes caused by repeated strikes may also cause damage to the lightning protection device. The discovery of this technical problem is far more important than the solution of the technical problem. Based on the discovery of this problem, the inventor proposed a composite of an inductive color-changing layer and a pressure color-changing layer, which has outstanding substantial characteristics and significant progress. The color change of the composite material layer is used to intuitively determine the operating temperature, connector pressure and other states of devices such as lightning arresters; it solves the problem that it is difficult to determine the damage (thermal damage) of lightning arresters caused by multiple lightning strikes; 2. The thermochromic layer and the pressure color-changing layer are set on the surface of the connecting conductor instead of on the device body. This is a specific position design made by the inventor through creative work, which can avoid the electrical influence of each color-changing layer on the device body and reduce the stability of its normal operation. Taking the lightning arrester as an example, it can be optionally set at the metal connecting conductor position above its sleeve, and the two-layer composite material layer is set to achieve the above technical effects.

[0026] (1) Thermochromic layer A:

[0027] Thermochromic layer A can identify temperature changes during the discharge of lightning current. Preferably, the thermochromic layer uses a colorless and transparent epoxy material as a base material, adds microcapsules containing a color developer as a coloring factor, and adds a curing agent. Preferably, the color developer is an irreversible color developer, and the curing agent is a room temperature curing agent. More preferably, referring to the lightning wave impact damage temperature selection range, it can be selected within the range of 30 to 120°C, and 5 temperature sections are set, including 30°C, 50°C, 70°C, 90°C and 120°C. Different colors are displayed according to the surface temperature to determine the temperature rise effect of the lightning current on the arrester during the lightning strike. More preferably, the color developer can be an inorganic salt irreversible color developer or an organic irreversible color developer.

[0028] Specifically, the thermochromic layer A is made up of a thermochromic layer and a high surface flashover strength top layer from bottom to top. The thermochromic layer uses a colorless, transparent epoxy material as a matrix, with microcapsules containing an irreversible color developer added as a coloring factor, and a room-temperature curing agent added to ensure that the material can stably solidify at room temperature. The color developer can be an inorganic salt or an organic irreversible color developer. Based on the lightning wave impact damage temperature range, five temperature sections are set between 30°C and 120°C, namely 30°C, 50°C, 70°C, 90°C, and 120°C. Each section corresponds to a different color change, displaying light blue, blue, green, yellow, and red in sequence depending on the surface temperature. This allows for intuitive judgment of the temperature rise caused by the lightning current on the arrester during a lightning strike. The thickness of the thermochromic layer is controlled between 0.1mm and 0.4mm to balance the color development effect and the overall performance of the material. The top layer with high surface flashover strength is made of organic polymers, curing agents, accelerators and inorganic nanoparticles. It is colorless and has a thickness between 0.02mm and 0.1mm. Its main function is to improve the surface flashover strength of the material and ensure the reliability of the thermochromic layer A in high voltage environments. The colorless nature of the top layer ensures the clear visibility of the color change of the thermochromic layer, which is conducive to accurately judging the temperature changes of the lightning arrester. The color of the entire insulating material changes with temperature in a clear pattern. The temperature change range from blue to purple, green to colorless is (10-60) ± 0.5℃, and the critical temperature of color change is determined in sequence. For example, the critical temperature of color change from colorless to blue is (10.2-20) ± 0.5℃. When the electrode spacing is 10mm, the flashover voltage is maintained at 18-21kV, meeting the insulation requirements for lightning arrester operation. Through this multi-layer structure design and material property optimization, the insulating material can be effectively used as a temperature-sensing material layer to judge the temperature changes during the lightning current discharge process, thereby solving the problems of false alarms and missed alarms that may occur after the lightning arrester is struck by lightning.

[0029] (2) Pressure-chromic layer B:

[0030] The pressure-chromic layer B can be made of polynorbornene, polystyrene, and polydimethylsiloxane block copolymers to detect compressive strains between 0 and 23.2%, or a hydrogen-bonded organic framework of 4,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phthalic acid and tetrabutylammonium chloride to detect compressive strains between 0 and 40%. The specific materials are determined based on the connection location. During long-term operation of the arrester or due to repeated thermal expansion, the pressure-chromic layer generates stress due to compression between components, causing the color of the pressure-chromic layer to change. The color change within the pressure-chromic layer's compressive strain range can further indicate stress changes.

[0031] Specifically, the pressure-chromic layer B comprises a three-layer structure at its core: a bottom layer of polynorbornene substrate, providing mechanical support and initial pressure response; a middle layer of porous fiber barrier layer, precisely regulating the material transfer path; and a top layer of functional composite coating composed of a polystyrene polymer matrix doped with a hydrogen-bonded organic framework of 4,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phthalic acid and tetrabutylammonium chloride. When the arrester components are squeezed, the pressure causes the microstructure of the upper coating to rupture, allowing the active ingredients to penetrate the porous layer and come into contact with the acidic reagent embedded in the underlying layer, triggering a color change. This structure optimizes the detection range through material combination, covering 0-40% compressive strain, sensitively capturing subtle to significant stress changes in the arrester caused by thermal expansion and contraction and long-term operation. A transparent encapsulation layer ensures internal stability without interfering with color warnings, achieving an efficient transition from pressure application to visual warnings. This provides an innovative solution for arrester status monitoring that is intuitive, accurate, and requires no external power supply.

[0032] (3) Thermochromic layer A and pressure-chromic layer B

[0033] Preferably, the thermochromic layer A and the pressure-chromic layer B are connected in series to the surface layer of the connecting conductor; and the thermochromic layer is located above the pressure-chromic layer.

[0034] More preferably, the thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer are connected by bonding, and their extending directions are arranged in an L-shape.

[0035] This embodiment provides a preferred combination of the two. The thermochromic layer is positioned above the pressure-chromic layer. This prevents the original color change pattern of the thermochromic layer from being affected by structural changes during repeated temperature sensing, thereby improving the accuracy of the warning. Furthermore, the thermochromic and pressure-chromic layers are bonded in series, forming an L-shaped orientation, ensuring a secure fit between the interfaces and further improving the stability and service life of the lightning protection device to be used for warning.

[0036] On the other hand, the present invention further provides a method for manufacturing a lightning protection device, which is used to manufacture any of the above-mentioned lightning protection devices, comprising:

[0037] S1: Determine the material and temperature rise level of the thermochromic layer according to the device body parameters to produce the thermochromic layer; specifically, the device body parameters may include, but are not limited to, the parameters of the lightning arrester and lightning rod, such as rated voltage, nominal voltage, continuous operating voltage, rated discharge current, maximum discharge current, fair reference voltage, DC reference voltage, etc., and determine the tolerable temperature rise range according to the inherent parameters of the model, and then determine what material the thermochromic layer should be made of, and set its temperature rise level accordingly. For example, in the above example, five temperature sections are set, including 30°C, 50°C, 70°C, 90°C and 120°C, each temperature section corresponds to a color, and its temperature rise level is determined;

[0038] S2: Determine the material and pressure level of the pressure-chromic layer based on the connection conductor parameters to produce the pressure-chromic layer; specifically, the connection conductor parameters may include, but are not limited to, the conductor material (such as copper, aluminum, aluminum alloy), the conductor cross-sectional area, the conductive properties (resistivity, contact resistance), etc., and determine the pressure and strain it can withstand based on its inherent parameters. In the event of multiple lightning strikes, it will cause internal deformation, etc., and then determine which material of the pressure-chromic layer should be selected to detect different ranges of compressive strain. For example, in the above example, the compressive strain of 0-23.2% and the compressive strain of 0-40% are detected to determine its pressure level;

[0039] S3: attaching the temperature-chromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer to the surface layer of the connecting conductor; preferably, the two layers are bonded in series to the surface layer of the connecting conductor, and the extending directions of the two layers are arranged in an L shape.

[0040] Based on the temperature rise and pressure levels, a warning mapping table is determined. This table is provided as an attachment to the lightning protection device. For example, the temperature rise and pressure levels are divided into five levels: level 1 / 2 is designated as the safety level, level 3 is designated as the inspection level, and level 4 / 5 is designated as the warning level. Based on these two levels, a warning mapping table is determined and provided to the user as an attachment to quickly provide warning prompts. For example, the warning mapping table is shown in Table 1.

[0041]

[0042] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0043] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and all such variations and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A lightning protection device with early warning prompt, characterized in that: include: A device body and a connecting conductor connected to the device body; The surface layer of the connecting conductor is provided with a thermochromic layer and a pressure-chromic layer.

2. The lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermochromic layer uses colorless and transparent epoxy material as the base material, adds microcapsules containing color developer as the color development factor, and adds a curing agent; the color developer can display different colors in different temperature ranges.

3. The lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-chromic layer uses polynorbornene, polystyrene, polydimethylsiloxane block copolymer, or 4,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)phthalic acid and tetrabutylammonium chloride hydrogen bond organic framework, which can reflect the stress state through color changes.

4. The lightning protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer are connected in series to the surface layer of the connecting conductor; and the thermochromic layer is located above the pressure-chromic layer.

5. The lightning protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer are connected by bonding, and their extension directions are arranged in an L-shape.

6. A method for manufacturing a lightning protection device, characterized in that: Used to manufacture the lightning protection device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising: According to the parameters of the device body, the material and temperature rise level of the thermochromic layer are determined to produce the thermochromic layer; Determine the material and pressure level of the pressure-chromic layer according to the connection conductor parameters to produce the pressure-chromic layer; attaching the thermochromic layer and the pressure-chromic layer to the surface layer of the connecting conductor; An early warning mapping table is determined according to the temperature rise level and pressure level, and is an accessory of the lightning protection device.

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