Laser adaptive welding device and method with multi-spot cooperative loading

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of multi-spot collaborative loading laser adaptive welding device and method, it is related to laser welding technical field, including support frame, and install on support frame laser emission module, annular laser welding module and facula laser composite processing module, annular laser welding module and facula laser composite processing module are connected with laser emission module, and the position of annular laser welding module and facula laser composite processing module can be adjusted, facula laser composite processing module is equipped with square facula laser processing head and galvanometer laser welding head, annular laser welding module is used to melt welding wire to make up the welding gap on the surface of workpiece, galvanometer laser welding head is used to the workpiece after being processed by annular laser welding module Deep penetration welding, square facula laser processing head is used to the weld surface of workpiece after being processed by galvanometer laser welding head shaping.The application has high gap tolerance, and the surface forming quality after welding is good.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of laser welding, in particular to a laser adaptive welding device and method with multiple light spots in cooperation. BACKGROUND

[0002] As an advanced high-energy beam processing technology, laser welding has shown significant application value in the fields of precision manufacturing such as automobile manufacturing, electronic packaging, aerospace, etc. due to its high energy density, narrow heat-affected zone, and small welding deformation.

[0003] However, there are still two key technical bottlenecks in the engineering application of this technology: first, the adaptability to assembly gap is poor. Research shows that when the butt gap exceeds 0.1mm or the lap gap exceeds 0.2mm, the laser energy will be significantly dispersed, resulting in reduced weld forming coefficient, insufficient penetration, and even defects such as weld-through; second, in the welding process of light alloys such as magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy, the stability of the molten pool is easily reduced due to the high reflectivity and low boiling point characteristics of the material itself, and the surface tension fluctuates significantly, ultimately leading to increased weld surface roughness and deteriorated forming quality. These technical bottlenecks seriously restrict the application effect of laser welding in thin plate precision assembly and thick plate complex structure. SUMMARY

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide a laser adaptive welding device and method with multiple light spots in cooperation to solve the problems existing in the prior art, with high gap tolerance and good post-weld surface forming quality.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a laser adaptive welding device with multiple light spots in cooperation, comprising a support frame, and a laser emission module, a ring-shaped laser welding module, and a light spot laser composite processing module installed on the support frame. The ring-shaped laser welding module and the light spot laser composite processing module are connected with the laser emission module, and the positions of the ring-shaped laser welding module and the light spot laser composite processing module can be adjusted. A square light spot laser processing head and a galvanometer laser welding head are provided in the light spot laser composite processing module. The ring-shaped laser welding module is used to melt the welding wire to compensate for the welding gap on the surface of the workpiece. The galvanometer laser welding head is used to perform deep penetration welding on the workpiece processed by the ring-shaped laser welding module. The square light spot laser processing head is used to shape the weld surface of the workpiece processed by the galvanometer laser welding head.

[0007] Preferably, the support frame is a gantry frame, the lower end of the support frame is slidingly connected to a Y-direction moving slide rail, and the support frame can reciprocally move along the Y-direction moving slide rail.

[0008] Preferably, the inner top surface of the support frame is equipped with an X-axis moving slide rail, which is perpendicular to the Y-axis moving slide rail. The annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module are both slidably connected to the X-axis moving slide rail, and both the annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module can reciprocate along the X-axis moving slide rail.

[0009] Preferably, the annular laser welding module includes a first suspension support, a first slider, an annular laser coaxial wire welding head, and a metal wire. The upper end of the first suspension support is movably connected to the inner top surface of the support frame. The first slider is slidably connected inside the first suspension support. The annular laser coaxial wire welding head is mounted on the first slider, and the first slider can drive the annular laser coaxial wire welding head to rise and fall. The annular laser coaxial wire welding head is provided with a hollow wire feeding channel for the metal wire to pass through. The annular laser coaxial wire welding head is connected to the laser emitting module through a first transmission optical fiber and is used to output an annular laser beam.

[0010] Preferably, the laser-spot composite processing module includes a second suspension support, a second slider, the galvanometer laser welding head, a connecting fixture, a third suspension support, and the square-spot laser processing head. The upper end of the second suspension support is movably connected to the inner top surface of the support frame. The second slider is slidably connected within the second suspension support. The galvanometer laser welding head is mounted on the second slider, and the second slider can drive the galvanometer laser welding head to rise and fall. The third suspension support is mounted on one side of the galvanometer laser welding head via the connecting fixture, and the square-spot laser processing head is mounted at the lower end of the third suspension support. The galvanometer laser welding head is connected to the laser emitting module via a second transmission optical fiber and is used to output a circular laser beam. The square-spot laser processing head is connected to the laser emitting module via a third transmission optical fiber and is used to output a square laser beam.

[0011] Preferably, the laser spot composite processing module further includes a temperature detection element and a control system. The temperature detection element and the control system are electrically connected. The temperature detection element is installed at the lower end of the galvanometer laser welding head, and the temperature detection element is used to detect the temperature of the weld formed by the annular laser welding module on the workpiece surface.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature detection element is an infrared thermometer.

[0013] Preferably, the laser emitting module includes a first laser, a second laser, and a third laser. The first laser is connected to the ring laser welding module, the second laser is connected to the galvanometer laser welding head, and the third laser is connected to the square spot laser processing head.

[0014] The present invention also provides a laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot collaborative loading, and the laser adaptive welding apparatus with multi-spot collaborative loading as described in any of the above technical solutions includes the following steps:

[0015] S1. The second laser in the laser emission module is turned on by the control system. When the thickness of the workpiece is <2mm and the welding gap is >0.1mm, or when the thickness of the workpiece is >2mm and the welding gap is >0.2mm, the first laser is turned on. When the surface roughness of the weld is >300μm, the third laser is turned on.

[0016] S2. Adjust the support frame under the control of the control system to set the positions of the square spot laser processing head, the galvanometer laser welding head, and the annular laser coaxial fuse processing head in the annular laser welding module;

[0017] S3. Adjust the relative positions of the galvanometer laser welding head and the square spot laser processing head using the third suspension bracket in the spot laser composite processing module;

[0018] S4. Input the base material grade, welding wire type and welding wire diameter of the workpiece into the control system, identify the gap width of the weldment, and set the power of the first laser, the second laser and the third laser in the laser emission module, as well as the welding speed and wire feeding speed according to the gap width of the weldment.

[0019] S5. Set the welding path and start welding.

[0020] Preferably, during the welding process, the annular laser coaxial wire welding head forms a first molten pool and a first weld on the surface of the workpiece, and the galvanometer laser welding head forms a second molten pool and a second weld on the surface of the workpiece, wherein the depth of the second molten pool is greater than the depth of the first molten pool, and the depth of the second weld is greater than the depth of the first weld.

[0021] The temperature detection element in the laser-spot composite processing module is used to detect the surface temperature of the first weld seam, thereby controlling the distance between the annular and circular laser beams emitted by the module and ensuring that the initial application position of the circular laser beam is at a temperature of 0.5T. 熔点 ~0.8T 熔点 The first weld surface within the range;

[0022] When the distance d between the first molten pool and the second molten pool is less than 0.2 mm, the control system increases the moving speed of the first suspension support and increases the power of the first laser to adjust the interaction distance between the annular laser beam and the circular laser beam.

[0023] When the distance d between the first molten pool and the second molten pool is greater than 0.5 mm, the control system reduces the moving speed of the first suspension support and simultaneously reduces the power of the first laser to adjust the interaction distance between the annular laser beam and the circular laser beam.

[0024] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art:

[0025] The present invention provides a multi-spot collaborative loading laser adaptive welding device and method, comprising a support frame, and a laser emitting module, a ring laser welding module, and a spot laser composite processing module mounted on the support frame. Both the ring laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module are connected to the laser emitting module, and their positions are adjustable to adjust the processing position and relative position according to actual processing needs. The spot laser composite processing module includes a square spot laser processing head and a galvanometer laser welding head. The ring laser welding module is used to melt the welding wire to compensate for surface defects on the workpiece. The welding gap is reduced to improve the tolerance of the welding gap. The fiber laser heat source at the galvanometer laser welding head serves as the main heat source for deep penetration welding of the workpiece after it has been processed by the ring laser welding module. The square spot laser processing head is used to shape the weld surface of the workpiece after it has been processed by the galvanometer laser welding head, reducing the surface roughness of the weld. Furthermore, by controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of the multi-spot laser heat source of circular laser, ring laser and square laser, the problems of poor weld surface uniformity, uneven heating of welding wire and significant welding spatter defects in traditional laser wire filler welding and laser-arc hybrid welding can be effectively solved. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the laser adaptive welding device with multi-spot collaborative loading in Example 1;

[0028] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the welding process of the laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot collaborative loading in Example 2;

[0029] In the diagram: 11-Support frame, 12-X-direction sliding rail, 13-Y-direction sliding rail, 21-First laser, 22-First transmission fiber, 23-Second laser, 24-Second transmission fiber, 25-Third laser, 26-Third transmission fiber, 31-First suspension support, 32-First slider, 33-Annular laser coaxial wire welding head, 34-Hollow wire feeding channel, 35-Annular spot laser beam, 36-Metal wire, 41-Second suspension support, 42-Second slider, 43-Galvanometer laser welding head, 44-Circular spot laser beam, 45-Connecting fixture, 46-Third suspension support, 47-Square spot laser welding head, 48-Square spot laser beam, 49-Temperature detection element, 5-Workpiece, 61-First molten pool, 62-First weld, 63-Second molten pool, 64-Second weld. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] The purpose of this invention is to provide a laser adaptive welding device and method with multi-spot collaborative loading to solve the problems existing in the prior art, with high gap tolerance and good surface forming quality after welding.

[0032] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Example

[0033] like Figs. 1-2As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-spot collaborative loading laser adaptive welding device, including a support frame 11, and a laser emitting module, a ring laser welding module, and a spot laser composite processing module mounted on the support frame 11. Both the ring laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module are connected to the laser emitting module, and their positions are adjustable to adjust the processing position and relative position according to actual processing needs. The spot laser composite processing module includes a square spot laser processing head 47 and a galvanometer laser welding head 43. The ring laser welding module is used to melt the welding wire to compensate for workpiece defects. The welding gap on the surface of the workpiece 5 is reduced to improve the tolerance of the welding gap. The fiber laser heat source at the galvanometer laser welding head 43 is used as the main heat source to perform deep penetration welding on the workpiece 5 after it has been processed by the ring laser welding module. The square spot laser processing head 47 is used to shape the weld surface of the workpiece 5 after it has been processed by the galvanometer laser welding head 43 to reduce the surface roughness of the weld. Furthermore, by controlling the spatiotemporal distribution of the multi-spot laser heat source of the circular laser, ring laser and square laser, the problems of poor weld surface uniformity, uneven heating of the welding wire and significant welding spatter defects in traditional laser wire filler welding and laser-arc hybrid welding can be effectively solved.

[0034] Specifically, the support frame 11 is a gantry frame, and the lower end of the support frame 11 is slidably connected to the Y-direction moving slide rail 13. The support frame 11 can reciprocate along the Y-direction moving slide rail 13, thereby enabling the support frame 11 to drive the laser emission module, the ring laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module to move as a whole along the Y direction.

[0035] An X-axis moving slide rail 12 is installed on the inner top surface of the support frame 11. The X-axis moving slide rail 12 is perpendicular to the Y-axis moving slide rail 13. Here, the Y-axis refers to the width direction of the crossbeam on the support frame 11, and the X-axis refers to the length direction of the crossbeam on the support frame 11. The annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module are both slidably connected to the X-axis moving slide rail 12, and both the annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module can reciprocate along the X-axis moving slide rail 12, thereby adjusting the processing position and relative position of the annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module.

[0036] The annular laser welding module includes a first suspension support 31, a first slider 32, an annular laser coaxial welding head 33, and a metal wire 36. The upper end of the first suspension support 31 is movably connected to the inner top surface of the support frame 11. In this embodiment, preferably, the first suspension support 31 is slidably connected to the X-axis moving slide rail 12, and the first slider 32 is slidably connected inside the first suspension support 31. As a preferred embodiment, the first suspension support 31 is hollow inside, and a driving structure such as a hydraulic cylinder or linear push rod is installed on the inner top surface of the first suspension support 31. The first slider 32 is connected to the first suspension support 11 through the above driving structure. A slider 32 is driven to move vertically up and down within the first suspension support 31. A ring laser coaxial wire welding head 33 is mounted on the first slider 32, and the first slider 32 can drive the ring laser coaxial wire welding head 33 to move up and down. The ring laser coaxial wire welding head 33 is provided with a hollow wire feeding channel 34 for the passage of metal wire 36 to realize ring laser coaxial wire welding. The ring laser coaxial wire welding head 33 is connected to the laser emitting module through the first transmission optical fiber 22 and is used to output a ring-shaped laser beam 35 to improve the welding gap tolerance.

[0037] The laser-spot composite processing module includes a second suspension support 41, a second slider 42, a galvanometer laser welding head 43, a connecting fixture 45, a third suspension support 46, and a square laser-spot processing head 47. The upper end of the second suspension support 41 is movably connected to the inner top surface of the support frame 11. In this embodiment, the second suspension support 41 is preferably slidably connected to the X-axis moving slide rail 12, and the second slider 42 is slidably connected inside the second suspension support 41. As a preferred embodiment, the second suspension support 41 is hollow inside, and a hydraulic cylinder or linear push rod or other driving structure is installed on the inner top surface of the second suspension support 41. The second slider 42 is connected through the above driving structure, thereby driving the second slider 42 to rise and fall vertically within the second suspension support 41, and the galvanometer laser welding... The laser welding head 43 is mounted on the second slider 42, which can drive the galvanometer laser welding head 43 to rise and fall. The third suspension support 46 is mounted on one side of the galvanometer laser welding head 43 via a connecting clamp 45, and the square spot laser processing head 47 is mounted on the lower end of the third suspension support 46. Thus, as the second slider 42 rises and falls, the third suspension support 46 and the square spot laser processing head 47 can also rise and fall. The galvanometer laser welding head 43 is connected to the laser emission module via the second transmission fiber 24 and is used to output a circular spot laser beam 44 for deep penetration welding of the workpiece 5. The square spot laser processing head 47 is connected to the laser emission module via the third transmission fiber 26 and is used to output a square spot laser beam 48 for shaping the weld surface of the workpiece 5. As a preferred embodiment, the square spot laser processing head 47 and the third suspension support 46 are slidably connected, which facilitates the adjustment of the relative position between the square spot laser processing head 47 and the galvanometer laser welding head 43.

[0038] The laser composite processing module also includes a temperature detection element 49 and a control system. The temperature detection element 49 and the control system are electrically connected. The temperature detection element 49 is installed at the lower end of the galvanometer laser welding head 43 and is used to detect the temperature of the weld formed on the surface of the workpiece 5 by the ring laser welding module.

[0039] Temperature sensing element 49 is an infrared thermometer. Those skilled in the art may also select other types of temperature sensing elements 49 according to actual needs.

[0040] The laser emitting module includes a first laser 21, a second laser 23, and a third laser 25. The first laser 21 is connected to the ring laser welding module, the second laser 23 is connected to the galvanometer laser welding head 43, and the third laser 25 is connected to the square spot laser processing head 47. Example

[0041] like Figs. 1-2 As shown, this embodiment provides a laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot collaborative loading, using the multi-spot collaborative loading laser adaptive welding device in Embodiment 1, including the following steps:

[0042] S1. The second laser 23 in the laser emission module is turned on by the control system. When the thickness of the workpiece 5 is <2mm and the welding gap is >0.1mm, or when the thickness of the workpiece 5 is >2mm and the welding gap is >0.2mm, the first laser 21 is turned on. When the surface roughness of the weld is >300μm, the third laser 25 is turned on.

[0043] S2. Adjust the support frame 11 under the control of the control system to set the positions of the square spot laser processing head 47, the galvanometer laser welding head 43, and the annular laser coaxial fuse processing head 33 in the annular laser welding module;

[0044] S3. Adjust the relative positions of the galvanometer laser welding head 43 and the square spot laser processing head 47 by means of the third suspension bracket in the spot laser composite processing module;

[0045] S4. Input the base material grade, welding wire type and welding wire diameter of workpiece 5 into the control system, identify the gap width of the workpiece, and set the power of the first laser 21, the second laser 23 and the third laser 25 in the laser emission module, as well as the welding speed and wire feeding speed according to the gap width of the workpiece.

[0046] S5. Set the welding path and start welding.

[0047] During the welding process, the annular laser coaxial wire processing head 33 forms a narrow and shallow first molten pool 61 and a first weld 62 on the surface of the workpiece 5, and the galvanometer laser welding head 43 forms a deeper second molten pool 63 and a second weld 64 on the surface of the workpiece 5, with the depth of the second molten pool 63 being greater than the depth of the first molten pool 61 and the depth of the second weld 64 being greater than the depth of the first weld 62.

[0048] The temperature detection element 49 in the laser-spot composite processing module is used to accurately detect the surface temperature of the first weld 62, so as to control the distance between the annular laser beam 35 and the circular laser beam 44 emitted by the laser-spot composite processing module, ensuring that the initial action position of the circular laser beam 44 is at a temperature of 0.5T. 熔点 ~0.8T 熔点 The surface of the first weld 62 within the range controls the absorption rate of laser energy by the workpiece 5 (i.e., the metal sheet) in the initial stage of laser deep penetration welding, so as to form a high-quality second weld 64.

[0049] When the distance d between the first molten pool 61 and the second molten pool 63 is 0.2mm < d < 0.5mm, the liquid metal phase between the two molten pools does not interfere with each other; when the distance d between the first molten pool 61 and the second molten pool 63 is less than 0.2mm, the liquid metal between the two molten pools is very easy to couple to form a through molten pool, which leads to instability of the molten pool. Therefore, the control system increases the moving speed of the first suspension support 31 and increases the power of the first laser 21 to ensure that the interaction distance between the annular spot laser beam 35 and the circular spot laser beam 44 can be quickly adjusted without affecting the welding quality.

[0050] During the welding process, when the liquid metal between the two molten pools is far apart, for example, when the distance d between the first molten pool 61 and the second molten pool 63 is greater than 0.5 mm, the control system reduces the moving speed of the first suspension support 31 and reduces the power of the first laser 21 to ensure that the working distance between the annular spot laser beam 35 and the circular spot laser beam 44 can be quickly adjusted without affecting the welding quality.

[0051] Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this invention. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will recognize that, based on the ideas of this invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

Claims

1. A laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot collaborative loading, characterized in that: A multi-spot co-loading laser adaptive welding device is used, comprising a support frame, and a laser emitting module, a ring laser welding module, and a spot laser composite processing module mounted on the support frame. Both the ring laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module are connected to the laser emitting module, and their positions are adjustable. The spot laser composite processing module includes a square spot laser processing head and a galvanometer laser welding head. The ring laser welding module melts the welding wire to fill the welding gap on the workpiece surface. The galvanometer laser welding head performs deep penetration welding on the workpiece after processing by the ring laser welding module. The square spot laser processing head shapes the weld surface of the workpiece after processing by the galvanometer laser welding head. The annular laser welding module includes a first suspension support, a first slider, an annular laser coaxial fusion processing head, and a metal wire. The upper end of the first suspension support is movably connected to the inner top surface of the support frame. The first slider is slidably connected inside the first suspension support. The annular laser coaxial fusion processing head is mounted on the first slider, and the first slider can drive the annular laser coaxial fusion processing head to rise and fall. The annular laser coaxial fusion processing head is provided with a hollow wire feeding channel for the metal wire to pass through. The annular laser coaxial fusion processing head is connected to the laser emitting module through a first transmission optical fiber and is used to output an annular laser beam. The laser-spot composite processing module includes a second suspension support, a second slider, a galvanometer laser welding head, a connecting fixture, a third suspension support, and a square laser-spot processing head. The upper end of the second suspension support is movably connected to the inner top surface of the support frame. The second slider is slidably connected within the second suspension support. The galvanometer laser welding head is mounted on the second slider, and the second slider can drive the galvanometer laser welding head to rise and fall. The third suspension support is mounted on one side of the galvanometer laser welding head via the connecting fixture, and the square laser-spot processing head is mounted at the lower end of the third suspension support. The galvanometer laser welding head is connected to the laser emitting module via a second transmission optical fiber and is used to output a circular laser beam. The square laser-spot processing head is connected to the laser emitting module via a third transmission optical fiber and is used to output a square laser beam. The spot laser composite processing module also includes a temperature detection element, which is installed at the lower end of the galvanometer laser welding head and is used to detect the temperature of the weld formed on the workpiece surface by the annular laser welding module. The laser emitting module includes a first laser, a second laser, and a third laser. The first laser is connected to the ring laser welding module, the second laser is connected to the galvanometer laser welding head, and the third laser is connected to the square spot laser processing head. The multi-spot co-loading laser adaptive welding method includes the following steps: S1. The second laser in the laser emission module is turned on by the control system. When the thickness of the workpiece is <2mm and the welding gap is >0.1mm, or when the thickness of the workpiece is >2mm and the welding gap is >0.2mm, the first laser is turned on. When the surface roughness of the weld is >300μm, the third laser is turned on. During the welding process, the annular laser coaxial wire welding head forms a first molten pool and a first weld on the surface of the workpiece, and the galvanometer laser welding head forms a second molten pool and a second weld on the surface of the workpiece. The depth of the second molten pool is greater than the depth of the first molten pool, and the depth of the second weld is greater than the depth of the first weld. The temperature detection element in the spot laser composite processing module is used to detect the surface temperature of the first weld seam in order to control the distance between the annular spot laser beam and the circular spot laser beam emitted by the spot laser composite processing module, and to ensure that the starting position of the circular spot laser beam is located on the surface of the first weld seam with a temperature in the range of 0.5T melting point to 0.8T melting point. When the distance d between the first molten pool and the second molten pool is less than 0.2 mm, the control system increases the moving speed of the first suspension support and increases the power of the first laser to adjust the interaction distance between the annular laser beam and the circular laser beam. When the distance d between the first molten pool and the second molten pool is greater than 0.5 mm, the control system reduces the moving speed of the first suspension support and simultaneously reduces the power of the first laser to adjust the interaction distance between the annular laser beam and the circular laser beam.

2. The laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot synergistic loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame is a gantry frame, and the lower end of the support frame is slidably connected to the Y-axis moving slide rail, and the support frame can reciprocate along the Y-axis moving slide rail.

3. The laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot synergistic loading according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner top surface of the support frame is equipped with an X-axis moving slide rail, which is perpendicular to the Y-axis moving slide rail. The annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module are both slidably connected to the X-axis moving slide rail, and both the annular laser welding module and the spot laser composite processing module can reciprocate along the X-axis moving slide rail.

4. The laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot synergistic loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The laser composite processing module also includes a control system, and the temperature detection element is electrically connected to the control system.

5. The laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot synergistic loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature detection element is an infrared thermometer.

6. The laser adaptive welding method with multi-spot synergistic loading according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: S2. Adjust the support frame under the control of the control system to set the positions of the square spot laser processing head, the galvanometer laser welding head, and the annular laser coaxial fuse processing head in the annular laser welding module; S3. Adjust the relative positions of the galvanometer laser welding head and the square spot laser processing head using the third suspension bracket in the spot laser composite processing module; S4. Input the base material grade, welding wire type and welding wire diameter of the workpiece into the control system, identify the gap width of the weldment, and set the power of the first laser, the second laser and the third laser in the laser emission module, as well as the welding speed and wire feeding speed according to the gap width of the weldment. S5. Set the welding path and start welding.

Images