Wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and surfacing process of wear-resistant plate

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of amorphous TiC ceramics, in particular to a wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and a surfacing process thereof, and the wear-resistant plate comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of multi-element powder, 70-80 parts of Ti powder and 20-30 parts of C powder; the preparation process of the multi-element powder comprises the following steps: step 1, synthesizing Al2O3-Cr2O3 core-shell particles through a sol-gel method; 2, mechanical alloying is carried out; 3, sintering is conducted, and multi-element powder is obtained; according to the invention, Al2O3 coated Cr2O3 core-shell particles are adopted to solve the problem of reinforcement phase / matrix interface failure; in-situ amorphous TiC forming realizes instantaneous high temperature and rapid cooling under the powder blank density of 60-80% through resistance wire short-circuit self-propagating reaction, and breaks through amorphous phase preparation limitation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of amorphous TiC ceramics, and in particular to a wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and a surfacing process thereof. Background Art

[0002] Amorphous ceramics are a special type of ceramic made from ceramic powder and special additives. They have extremely low crystallinity, a random amorphous structure, and low melting and softening points. They possess excellent mechanical properties (hardness, toughness, and strength), outstanding chemical stability, and excellent wear resistance.

[0003] Chinese patent publication number CN104525900B discloses a wear-resistant carbide coating, including a quasi-single crystalline TiC dense ceramic layer, and may further include a micron TiC ceramic layer and a fusion layer of TiC and the substrate. The quasi-single crystalline TiC dense ceramic layer, the micron TiC ceramic layer and the fusion layer of TiC and the substrate are distributed in a gradient in sequence. It can be applied to the surface of a metal substrate. The metal substrate and titanium composite obtained by casting is introduced with an external carbon source, and heated and kept warm, so as to form a carbide coating on the surface of the metal substrate. The coating and the substrate are metallurgically bonded and have a strong bonding force, which overcomes the problem of non-metallurgical bonding between existing hard particles and metal substrates, weak bonding force, and easy falling off of particles, thereby greatly improving the wear resistance of the metal substrate surface; However, in the existing technology, traditional crystalline TiC is prone to cracking under impact loads due to the presence of grain boundaries, resulting in a high wear rate; grain boundary oxidation is accelerated at 600°C, causing a sudden increase in wear rate and other technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and a surfacing process thereof. The technical problems solved by the present invention are: due to the presence of grain boundaries, traditional crystalline TiC is prone to crack initiation under impact loads, resulting in a high wear rate; at 600°C, grain boundary oxidation is accelerated, and the wear rate increases sharply. The present invention adopts Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles to solve the failure of the reinforcement phase / matrix interface; in-situ amorphous TiC forming achieves instantaneous high temperature and rapid cooling at 60-80% powder density through a short-circuit self-propagating reaction of a resistance wire, breaking through the limitations of amorphous phase preparation.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of multi-element powder, 70-80 parts of Ti powder, and 20-30 parts of C powder; The preparation process of the multi-element powder includes the following steps: Step 1: Synthesize Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles by sol-gel method; Step 2: Mechanical alloying; Step 3: Sintering: obtain multi-element powder.

[0006] As a further embodiment of the present invention: in step 1, aluminum isopropoxide is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at 40° C., acetylacetone is added, and the mixture is magnetically stirred for 2 hours. Chromium nitrate ethanol solution is added dropwise to the aluminum sol, the pH is maintained at 9.0, and the mixture is reacted for 3 hours to obtain a colloid; The colloid is aged in a water bath, centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a precursor powder, which is then calcined to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention: in step 2, NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles are added to a ball mill and ball-milled under an Ar atmosphere to obtain a NiCrAlY-Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particle mixed powder.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention: in step 3, the ball-milled powder is loaded into a Φ20 mm mold and pre-pressed in both directions (50 MPa) to form a green body; vacuum is first applied to 5×10 -3 Pa, and then backfilled with high-purity Ar (99.999%) to -0.02MPa; sintered at 600-950℃ to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material; The Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material is ground to obtain multi-element powder.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention: the concentration of the chromium nitrate ethanol solution is 0.025 mol / L.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention: the calcination parameters are as follows: the calcination temperature is controlled at 300° C. for 1 hour and at 600° C. for 2 hours.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention: the particle size of NiCrAlY powder is 15-45 μm, and the particle size of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 100-200 nm.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the mass ratio of NiCrAlY powder to Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 70-80:20-30.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the particle size of the multi-element powder is 100-200 nm.

[0014] A surfacing process for wear-resistant plates based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coatings comprises the following steps: In the closed liquid die forging die on the hydraulic press, evenly mixed Si, Ti and C powders and multi-element powders are placed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate; the powder is pressed to 60%-80% of the theoretical density of the powder, the punch is raised, and the powder on the upper and lower surfaces of the wear-resistant plate is ignited simultaneously by the resistance wire short-circuit method. After the reaction is just completed and the gas is completely exhausted, the pressure is quickly applied and compacted and maintained for 3-5 minutes to form a wear-resistant plate with an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: The Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles serve as a reinforcing phase. The Al2O3 core provides high hardness, while the Cr2O3 shell enhances interfacial bonding (matching the thermal expansion coefficient of the NiCrAlY matrix), thereby increasing the coating's resistance to crack propagation during friction. Through the short-circuited self-propagating reaction of the Si / Ti / C+ multi-element powder, an amorphous TiC ceramic phase is formed, eliminating the grain boundary weakening effect and reducing the wear rate. The Al2O3@Cr2O3 multi-element powder of the present invention forms an Al / Cr / Y element diffusion layer during sintering, which increases the coating / substrate interface bonding strength to 152MPa, avoiding the risk of spalling of traditional surfacing coatings. The layered structure of the core-shell particles can absorb thermal cycling stress. This invention achieves a cross-generational improvement in wear resistance, bonding strength and production efficiency through the deep integration of material design (core-shell structure / amorphous ceramics) and process innovation (low-temperature sintering / in-situ reaction). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0017] A wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and a surfacing process thereof provided in Example 1 of the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of multi-element powder, 70 parts of Ti powder, and 20 parts of C powder; The preparation process of multi-element powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: Synthesis of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles by sol-gel method Aluminum isopropoxide was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at 40°C, acetylacetone was added, and magnetic stirring was performed for 2 h (300 rpm). Chromium nitrate ethanol solution (0.025 mol / L) was added dropwise to the aluminum sol at a rate of 0.5 mL / min. Ammonia was simultaneously added dropwise to maintain the pH at 9.0. The reaction was continued for 3 h to obtain a colloid. The colloid was aged in a water bath at 60°C for 12 hours, centrifuged (8000 rpm, 10 minutes), washed three times with ethanol / water (volume ratio 1:1), and vacuum dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a precursor powder. The precursor powder was then calcined (calcination temperature was controlled at 300°C (temperature rate was controlled at 2°C / min during heating from room temperature to 300°C) for 1 hour and 600°C (temperature rate was controlled at 5°C / min during heating from 300°C to 600°C) for 2 hours) to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles. Step 2: Mechanical alloying: NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles were added into a ball mill and milled under Ar atmosphere to obtain NiCrAlY-Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particle mixed powder; Among them, the particle size of NiCrAlY powder is 15μm, the particle size of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 100nm, and the mass ratio of NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 70:20; The ball mill uses a planetary high-energy ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1 and a ball milling time of 24 hours; Step 3: Sintering: The milled powder was loaded into a Φ20 mm mold and pre-pressed in both directions (50 MPa) to form a green body. The green body was first vacuumed to 5×10 - 3 Pa, and then backfilled with high-purity Ar (99.999%) to -0.02MPa; sintered at 600℃ to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material; The Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material is ground to obtain multicomponent powder, and the particle size of the multicomponent powder is 100-200nm.

[0018] A surfacing process for a wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating provided in Example 1 of the present invention comprises the following steps: In the closed liquid die forging die on the hydraulic press, evenly mixed Si, Ti and C powders and multi-element powders are placed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate; the powder blank is pressed to 60% of the theoretical density of the powder, the punch is raised, and the powder blanks on the upper and lower surfaces of the wear-resistant plate are ignited simultaneously by the resistance wire short-circuit method. After the reaction is just completed and the gas is completely exhausted, the pressure is quickly applied and compacted and maintained for 3 minutes to form a wear-resistant plate with an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating. Example 2

[0019] A wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and a surfacing process thereof provided in Example 2 of the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of multi-element powder, 75 parts of Ti powder, and 25 parts of C powder; The preparation process of multi-element powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: Synthesis of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles by sol-gel method Aluminum isopropoxide was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at 40°C, acetylacetone was added, and magnetic stirring was performed for 2 h (300 rpm). Chromium nitrate ethanol solution (0.025 mol / L) was added dropwise to the aluminum sol at a rate of 0.5 mL / min. Ammonia was simultaneously added dropwise to maintain the pH at 9.0. The reaction was continued for 3 h to obtain a colloid. The colloid was aged in a water bath at 60°C for 12 hours, centrifuged (8000 rpm, 10 minutes), washed three times with ethanol / water (volume ratio 1:1), and vacuum dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a precursor powder. The precursor powder was then calcined (calcination temperature was controlled at 300°C (temperature rate was controlled at 2°C / min during heating from room temperature to 300°C) for 1 hour and 600°C (temperature rate was controlled at 5°C / min during heating from 300°C to 600°C) for 2 hours) to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles. Step 2: Mechanical alloying: NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles were added into a ball mill and milled under Ar atmosphere to obtain NiCrAlY-Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particle mixed powder; Among them, the particle size of NiCrAlY powder is 35μm, the particle size of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 150nm, and the mass ratio of NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 75:25; The ball mill uses a planetary high-energy ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1 and a ball milling time of 24 hours; Step 3: Sintering: The milled powder was loaded into a Φ20 mm mold and pre-pressed in both directions (50 MPa) to form a green body. The green body was first vacuumed to 5×10 - 3 Pa, and then backfilled with high-purity Ar (99.999%) to -0.02MPa; sintered at 600-950℃ to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material; The Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material is ground to obtain multicomponent powder, and the particle size of the multicomponent powder is 150nm.

[0020] A surfacing process for a wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating provided in Example 1 of the present invention comprises the following steps: In the closed liquid die forging die on the hydraulic press, evenly mixed Si, Ti and C powders and multi-element powders are placed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate; the powder blank is pressed to 70% of the theoretical density of the powder, the punch is raised, and the powder blanks on the upper and lower surfaces of the wear-resistant plate are ignited simultaneously by the resistance wire short-circuit method. After the reaction is just completed and the gas is completely exhausted, pressure is quickly applied and compacted and the pressure is maintained for 4 minutes to form a wear-resistant plate with an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating. Example 3

[0021] A wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating and a surfacing process thereof provided in Example 3 of the present invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of multi-element powder, 70-80 parts of Ti powder, and 20-30 parts of C powder; The preparation process of multi-element powder comprises the following steps: Step 1: Synthesis of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles by sol-gel method Aluminum isopropoxide was dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at 40°C, acetylacetone was added, and magnetic stirring was performed for 2 h (300 rpm). Chromium nitrate ethanol solution (0.025 mol / L) was added dropwise to the aluminum sol at a rate of 0.5 mL / min. Ammonia was simultaneously added dropwise to maintain the pH at 9.0. The reaction was continued for 3 h to obtain a colloid. The colloid was aged in a water bath at 60°C for 12 hours, centrifuged (8000 rpm, 10 minutes), washed three times with ethanol / water (volume ratio 1:1), and vacuum dried at 60°C for 24 hours to obtain a precursor powder. The precursor powder was then calcined (calcination temperature was controlled at 300°C (temperature rate was controlled at 2°C / min during heating from room temperature to 300°C) for 1 hour and 600°C (temperature rate was controlled at 5°C / min during heating from 300°C to 600°C) for 2 hours) to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles. Step 2: Mechanical alloying: NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles were added into a ball mill and milled under Ar atmosphere to obtain NiCrAlY-Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particle mixed powder; The particle size of NiCrAlY powder is 15-45 μm, the particle size of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 100-200 nm, and the mass ratio of NiCrAlY powder to Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 70-80:20-30. The ball mill uses a planetary high-energy ball mill with a ball-to-material ratio of 10:1 and a ball milling time of 24 hours; Step 3: Sintering: The milled powder was loaded into a Φ20 mm mold and pre-pressed in both directions (50 MPa) to form a green body. The green body was first vacuumed to 5×10 - 3Pa, and then backfilled with high-purity Ar (99.999%) to -0.02MPa; sintered at 600-950℃ to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material; The Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material is ground to obtain multicomponent powder, and the particle size of the multicomponent powder is 100-200nm.

[0022] A surfacing process for a wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating provided in Example 1 of the present invention comprises the following steps: In the closed liquid die forging die on the hydraulic press, evenly mixed Si, Ti and C powders and multi-element powders are placed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate; the powder is pressed to 60%-80% of the theoretical density of the powder, the punch is raised, and the powder on the upper and lower surfaces of the wear-resistant plate is ignited simultaneously by the resistance wire short-circuit method. After the reaction is just completed and the gas is completely exhausted, the pressure is quickly applied and compacted and maintained for 3-5 minutes to form a wear-resistant plate with an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating.

[0023] Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 uses the wear-resistant carbide coating disclosed in Example 1 of Chinese Patent No. CN104525900B; Performance test: The wear resistance of the amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coatings of Examples 1-3 and the wear-resistant carbide coating of Comparative Example 1 was tested. The test results are as follows:

[0024] It can be seen from the above table that the amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coatings of Examples 1-3 of the present invention have better wear rates than the wear-resistant carbide coating of Reference Document 1 in both room temperature wear rate and high temperature wear rate.

[0025] The above is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention. However, the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and should not be considered to limit the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and improvements made within the scope of the present invention should still fall within the scope of the patent coverage of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 20-40 parts of multi-element powder, 70-80 parts of Ti powder, and 20-30 parts of C powder; The preparation process of the multi-element powder includes the following steps: Step 1: Synthesize Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles by sol-gel method; Step 2: Mechanical alloying; Step 3: Sintering: obtain multi-element powder.

2. A wear-resistant plate based on an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 1, aluminum isopropoxide is dissolved in anhydrous ethanol at 40°C, acetylacetone is added, and magnetic stirring is performed for 2 hours. Chromium nitrate ethanol solution is added dropwise to the aluminum sol, the pH is maintained at 9.0, and the reaction is performed for 3 hours to obtain a colloid. The colloid is aged in a water bath, centrifuged, washed, and vacuum dried to obtain a precursor powder, which is then calcined to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles.

3. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 2, NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles are added to a ball mill and ball milled under Ar atmosphere to obtain NiCrAlY-Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particle mixed powder.

4. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 3, the milled powder is loaded into a Φ20 mm mold and pre-pressed in both directions (50 MPa) to form a green body; vacuum is first applied to 5×10 - 3 Pa, and then backfilled with high-purity Ar (99.999%) to -0.02MPa; sintered at 600-950℃ to obtain Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material; The Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell material is ground to obtain multi-element powder.

5. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of chromium nitrate ethanol solution is 0.025 mol / L.

6. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calcination parameters are as follows: the calcination temperature is controlled at 300°C for 1 hour and 600°C for 2 hours.

7. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of NiCrAlY powder is 15-45μm, and the particle size of Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 100-200nm.

8. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of NiCrAlY powder and Al2O3@Cr2O3 core-shell particles is 70-80:20-30.

9. The wear-resistant plate based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating according to claim 2, characterized in that: The particle size of the multi-element powder is 100-200nm.

10. A surfacing process for wear-resistant plates based on amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: In the closed liquid die forging die on the hydraulic press, evenly mixed Si, Ti and C powders and multi-element powders are placed on the surface of the wear-resistant plate; the powder is pressed to 60%-80% of the theoretical density of the powder, the punch is raised, and the powder on the upper and lower surfaces of the wear-resistant plate is ignited simultaneously by the resistance wire short-circuit method. After the reaction is just completed and the gas is completely exhausted, the pressure is quickly applied and compacted and maintained for 3-5 minutes to form a wear-resistant plate with an amorphous TiC ceramic wear-resistant coating.

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