Downhole packing tool for oil production

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of oil exploitation equipment, and discloses a downhole filling tool for oil exploitation, which comprises a sealing piece for sealing a section to be filled, an activating piece arranged on the sealing piece and used for activating the sealing piece, and a removing piece arranged at the bottom end of the sealing piece and used for removing residual materials on a well wall. The downhole structure is simplified, the failure probability under a high-temperature and high-pressure environment is reduced, and the stability and efficiency of sealing activation are improved, and the manual operation error is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of oil exploitation equipment, in particular to a downhole packing tool for oil exploitation. BACKGROUND

[0002] Oil exploitation refers to the process of extracting oil from an underground oil reservoir, is the core upstream link of the oil industry, and is directly related to the development and utilization of oil resources. Downhole packing in oil exploitation refers to the operation technology of injecting packing materials into specific spaces in the downhole, such as wellbore, fracture, goaf and lost circulation layer, to achieve the purposes of stabilizing the well wall, plugging the flow, supporting the fracture, controlling the formation pressure or improving the recovery ratio, etc.

[0003] A downhole packing tool for oil exploitation is disclosed in Chinese Patent Application No. CN116877022A, which structure comprises a connecting pipe provided with annular L-shaped holes distributed at equal intervals, the connecting pipe is provided with an annular cavity communicated with the L-shaped holes, an annular plate is slidably connected in the annular cavity, a first spring is fixed between the annular plate and the connecting pipe in the annular cavity, the connecting pipe is slidably connected with a slide rod, the connecting pipe is provided with a pressing plate and a rubber tube, and the pressing plate is fixedly connected with the slide rod. The patent protects the rubber tube to avoid wear of the packer during running into the casing, and the inner wall of the casing is cleaned before the rubber tube expands to prevent the material attached to the inner wall of the casing from being stuck between the expanded rubber tube and the inner wall of the casing. When the downhole pressure changes, the rubber tube always maintains the maximum extrusion force to seal the oil casing annular cavity.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following disadvantages: in the use process, the expansion of the rubber tube and the driving of the related components depend on the hydraulic pressure formed by injecting the sand-carrying liquid into the connecting pipe, which requires additional hydraulic injection devices, resulting in a relatively complex downhole structure. At the same time, the device contains multiple sliding fitting components such as annular plate, slide rod and fixed sleeve, although the annular distribution design tries to balance the stress, but under the hydraulic drive, the pressure fluctuation easily leads to uneven stress of each component, and the deflection and jamming may occur. In addition, manual operation steps are required for the activation of the device, which may introduce operation errors, and the failure probability of the hydraulic components is relatively high in the high temperature and high pressure downhole environment. SUMMARY

[0005] In order to solve the problems of relatively complex downhole structure, uneven stress of each component, deflection and jamming, and relatively high failure probability caused by pressure fluctuation in the use process, and to solve the problem of manual operation steps which may introduce operation errors, the application provides a downhole packing tool for oil exploitation.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a downhole packing tool for oil exploitation, comprising: a sealing element for sealing a packing section, the sealing element being provided with an activating element for activating the sealing element, and the bottom end of the sealing element being provided with a removing element for removing residual materials from a well wall;

[0007] The sealing element comprises an entry pipe for entering the downhole, the entry pipe being provided with a lower partition plate, the top end of the lower partition plate being fixedly connected with a lower sealing gasket, the entry pipe being provided with an upper partition plate, and the top end of the upper partition plate being fixedly connected with an upper sealing gasket;

[0008] The activating element comprises a top plate fixedly connected with the top end of the upper partition plate, the entry pipe being provided with a counterweight ring outside, the bottom end of the counterweight ring being provided with an abutting groove, the top end of the abutting groove being provided with a downward moving groove, the downward moving groove being matched with the abutting groove, and in the initial state, the top end of the abutting groove abutting against the top end of the top plate, the entry pipe being provided with a sleeve outside, the bottom end of the sleeve being fixedly connected with a connecting plate, the connecting plate penetrating through the counterweight ring at the bottom end and being fixedly connected with a pressing plate, and the side end of the connecting plate being fixedly connected with a synchronizing plate;

[0009] When the packing section needs to be sealed, the sleeve is first rotated to make the connecting plate synchronously rotate with the counterweight ring, so that the top plate enters the downward moving groove, the counterweight ring is pushed downward under the action of gravity to push the synchronizing plate and the pressing plate, and the upper sealing gasket and the lower sealing gasket are deformed to abut against the well wall to complete the sealing.

[0010] As a further scheme of the present application, the synchronizing plate is arranged above the upper sealing gasket, and the pressing plate is arranged above the lower sealing gasket;

[0011] The inside of the counterweight ring is provided with a limiting groove, the side end of the connecting plate is fixedly connected with a limiting block, the limiting block is slidably inserted into the limiting groove, and the limiting block is arranged above the synchronizing plate.

[0012] As a further scheme of the present application, the side end of the entry pipe is provided with a material supplementing groove, the material supplementing groove is arranged between the lower sealing gasket and the upper partition plate, the side end of the entry pipe is provided with a ring groove, and the top end of the lower partition plate is provided with a through groove.

[0013] As a further scheme of the present application, one end of the entry pipe penetrates through the through groove, the inside of the through groove is fixedly connected with a connecting block, and the connecting block is slidably connected with the ring groove.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the ring groove is provided with two groups, which are arranged at the lower partition plate and the upper partition plate respectively, and the upper partition plate is also provided with a through groove and a connecting block.

[0015] As a further further scheme of the present application: the removing part comprises a connecting groove through the bottom end of the inlet pipe, the bottom end of the inlet pipe is fixedly connected with a connecting rod, and the bottom end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with a material removing part.

[0016] As a further further scheme of the present application: the connecting groove is slidably connected with a fixed plate, the bottom end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a push plate, and the top end of the fixed plate is fixedly connected with a piston.

[0017] As a further further scheme of the present application: the fixed plate is located outside the connecting rod, and the connecting rod penetrates through the push plate.

[0018] As a further further scheme of the present application: the material removing part comprises a cross rod fixedly connected with the side end of the connecting rod, a rotating shaft connected with the side end of the cross rod, and a scraping rod connected with one end of the rotating shaft, the cross rod and the rotating shaft are rotationally connected, and the scraping rod and the rotating shaft are rotationally connected.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1、The present application ensures the uniform distribution of the filler in the closed space through the two groups of trumpet-shaped material supplementing grooves distributed symmetrically, avoids the filling inaccuracy caused by local accumulation, cooperates with the stepped edge design of the sealing gasket, so that after the expansion under pressure, the sealing gasket forms multiple sealing contacts with the well wall, significantly reduces the risk of filler leakage, and guarantees the sealing reliability of the filling section.

[0021] 2、The present application realizes the expansion activation of the sealing gasket without additional hydraulic or electric devices through the gravity driving design of the counterweight ring of the activating part, simplifies the downhole structure, reduces the failure probability in the high temperature and high pressure environment, four groups of uniformly distributed top plates cooperate with the downward moving grooves, combined with the guiding effect of the limiting blocks and the limiting grooves, ensure that the counterweight ring is balanced when rotating in alignment, avoid skewing and jamming, the symmetric distribution of the synchronous plate and the pressing plate ensures that the sealing gasket is evenly stressed, so that the two are expanded synchronously and fit with the well wall, improving the stability and efficiency of the sealing activation, and reducing the manual operation error.

[0022] 3、The present application makes the opening angle of the scraping rod linearly change with the pressure of the filler through the inverted conical push plate of the removing part and the transmission structure of the material removing part, can adapt to the well diameter range, and the stepped sealing design of the piston ensures that the pressure is not leaked and transmitted, guarantees the reliable fitting of the scraping rod and the well wall, multiple groups of circumferentially distributed material removing parts cooperate with the linkage control of the ground lifting equipment and the drilling platform turntable, so that the scraping rod realizes full circumferential dead angle cleaning of the well wall in the composite motion of rotation and upward movement, avoids the blockage of the wellbore caused by the falling of residual materials, at the same time, the design of the scraping rod top arc surface and the torsional spring improves the scraping efficiency of the hard stratum residues, and can automatically reset after cleaning, reducing the risk of jamming during tool recovery. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the sealed state of the overall structure of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing member of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sealing member of the present application; Figure 3 at A of

[0027] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the counterweight ring of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the activation member of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the activation member of the present application; Figure 6 at B of

[0030] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting rod of the present application;

[0031] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixed plate of the present application;

[0032] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the material removal member of the present application.

[0033] In the figure: 1, sealing member; 11, inlet pipe; 12, lower partition plate; 13, lower sealing gasket; 14, upper partition plate; 15, upper sealing gasket; 16, material supplement groove; 17, ring groove; 18, through groove; 19, connecting block; 2, activation member; 21, top plate; 22, counterweight ring; 23, limiting groove; 24, abutting groove; 25, downward moving groove; 26, sleeve; 27, connecting plate; 28, synchronizing plate; 29, downward pressing plate; 210, limiting block; 3, removal member; 31, connecting groove; 32, connecting rod; 33, material removal member; 331, horizontal rod; 332, rotating shaft; 333, scraping rod; 34, fixed plate; 35, piston; 36, push plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0035] Reference Figures 1 to 10The downhole filling tool for oil exploitation in the embodiment of the application comprises a sealing element 1 for sealing a section to be filled in an oil well, an activating element 2 arranged on the sealing element 1 and used for activating the sealing element 1, and a removing element 3 arranged at the bottom end of the sealing element 1 and used for removing residual materials on the well wall during upward movement.

[0036] The sealing element 1 comprises an entering pipe 11 for entering the downhole, which is made of high-strength alloy material and has a pipe wall thickness suitable for the high-pressure environment in the downhole, and a hollow channel in the pipe is used for conveying a filling agent; the entering pipe 11 is sleeved with a lower partition plate 12 and an upper partition plate 14, both of which are annular metal plates and have an outer diameter slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the wellbore and a rounded edge to reduce the lowering resistance; the top end of the lower partition plate 12 is fixedly connected with a lower sealing gasket 13 through bolts, and the top end of the upper partition plate 14 is fixedly connected with an upper sealing gasket 15 in the same way; both the lower sealing gasket 13 and the upper sealing gasket 15 are made of oil-resistant rubber material and have a stepped edge to improve the sealing performance after expansion; two groups of feeding grooves 16 are symmetrically arranged at the side end of the entering pipe 11, the grooves are trumpet-shaped, and the position of the grooves is between the lower sealing gasket 13 and the upper partition plate 14, so as to ensure that the filling agent is directly injected into the closed space formed by the two sealing gaskets; two groups of ring grooves 17 are also arranged at the side end of the entering pipe 11 and correspond to the installation positions of the lower partition plate 12 and the upper partition plate 14; the cross section of the ring groove 17 is T-shaped and has a wear-resistant coating; a through groove 18 is arranged through the center of the lower partition plate 12 and the upper partition plate 14; two groups of connecting blocks 19 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner side of the through groove 18; the connecting block 19 is T-shaped and is in sliding connection with the ring groove 17 and can be flexibly moved along the axis of the entering pipe 11; when it is necessary to seal a target well section, the entering pipe 11 is first lowered to the section to be filled; during filling, the filling agent is conveyed to the feeding grooves 16 through the internal channel of the entering pipe 11 by external pumping; the two groups of symmetric grooves make the filling agent uniformly flow into the closed space between the two sealing gaskets; and the pressure is maintained until the filling agent is initially cured after filling.

[0037] The above scheme has the following advantages: the entering pipe 11 made of high-strength alloy material ensures the structural stability of the tool in the deep-well high-pressure environment; the two groups of symmetric feeding grooves 16 ensure the uniform distribution of the filling agent in the closed space and avoid local accumulation; the cooperation of the T-shaped ring groove 17 and the connecting block 19 not only limits the radial displacement of the partition plate but also retains the axial adjustment freedom, thereby improving the operation flexibility; and the stepped edge design of the sealing gasket enhances the sealing fit after pressure expansion and reduces the risk of filling agent leakage.

[0038] The activation piece 2 comprises a top plate 21 fixed with the top end of the upper partition plate 14 by welding, which is forged from wear-resistant alloy steel and has an overall arc shape matching the inner side arc of the counterweight ring 22, a trapezoidal shape with a narrow top and a wide bottom in the front view, and four groups of top plates 21 evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the top end of the upper partition plate 14, with rounded edges at the top end to reduce rotational friction. The outer side of the inlet pipe 11 is sleeved with the counterweight ring 22, which is a solid cast iron ring with a weight matching the downhole pressure environment, with a gap between the inner wall and the outer wall of the inlet pipe 11 for sliding. The bottom end is provided with a ring-shaped abutting groove 24 along the circumference, with a width slightly larger than the thickness of the top plate 21. Four groups of downward slots 25 are provided at the top end of the abutting groove 24, which are rectangular slots with a width matching the top plate 21. The outer side of the inlet pipe 11 is sleeved with a sleeve 26, and the inner wall and the outer wall of the inlet pipe 11 are connected by bearings to realize flexible rotation. The bottom end is symmetrically welded with two groups of connecting plates 27, which are arc-shaped steel plates. The bottom end penetrates the through hole of the counterweight ring 22 and is fixed with a pressing plate 29 by welding. The side end of the connecting plate 27 is welded with a synchronization plate 28, which is a ring-shaped steel plate with a diameter smaller than the inner circle diameter formed by the top plate 21 to avoid interference. The synchronization plate 28 is horizontally arranged directly above the upper sealing pad 15. The pressing plate 29 is a ring-shaped plate matching the lower sealing pad 13, with edges aligned with the lower sealing pad 13. Two groups of limiting grooves 23 are symmetrically provided inside the counterweight ring 22, which are rectangular in shape and extend through the upper and lower ends of the counterweight ring 22. The limiting grooves 23 are filled with lubricating grease to reduce friction. Two groups of limiting blocks 210 are welded at the corresponding positions of the side end of the connecting plate 27, which are rectangular steel blocks with a size precisely matching the limiting grooves 23. The limiting blocks 210 are slidably inserted into the limiting grooves 23 and located above the synchronization plate 28 to ensure the stability of the rotation transmission. When the sealing function needs to be activated, the sleeve 26 is first rotated by the ground driving device, and the sleeve 26 drives the two groups of connecting plates 27 to rotate synchronously. Due to the sliding insertion of the limiting blocks 210 and the limiting grooves 23, the counterweight ring 22 rotates synchronously with the connecting plates 27 until the four groups of top plates 21 are precisely aligned with and inserted into the four groups of downward slots 25. At this time, the counterweight ring 22 loses the support of the top plates 21 and slides axially downward along the inlet pipe 11 under the action of its own gravity. The bottom end first contacts the synchronization plate 28 and pushes it downward. The synchronization plate 28 presses the upper sealing pad 15 to make it radially expand. At the same time, the connecting plate 27 drives the pressing plate 29 to move downward synchronously, and the pressing plate 29 presses the lower sealing pad 13 to make it radially expand synchronously. Until the two groups of sealing pads are tightly abutted with the well wall, the sealing activation is completed.

[0039] Adopting the above scheme: through the cooperation of the four groups of uniformly distributed top plates 21 and the downward moving grooves 25, the force balance when the counterweight ring 22 rotates in alignment is ensured, and deviation and jamming are avoided; through the sliding and inserting structure of the limiting blocks 210 and the limiting grooves 23, the synchronous rotation of the sleeve 26 and the counterweight ring 22 is realized, the alignment accuracy is ensured, the gravity of the counterweight ring 22 is used as the driving force, no additional hydraulic device is needed, the structure is simplified and the adaptability to the downhole environment is improved; through the symmetrical distribution design of the synchronous plates 28 and the downward pressing plates 29, the uniform force of the upper sealing gasket 15 and the lower sealing gasket 13 is ensured, and the sealing reliability is improved; through the bearing connection of the sleeve 26 and the entering pipe 11, the rotating resistance is reduced, and the ground operation control is facilitated.

[0040] The removing piece 3 comprises a connecting groove 31 penetratingly arranged at the bottom end of the inlet pipe 11, the connecting groove 31 is provided with two groups, the two groups of connecting grooves 31 are distributed along the radial symmetry of the inlet pipe 11, the bottom end of the inlet pipe 11 is fixedly connected with a connecting rod 32 through a bolt, the connecting rod 32 is a steel column, a plurality of groups of material removing pieces 33 are fixedly connected at the bottom end of the connecting rod 32 in a circumferential uniform manner, each group of material removing pieces 33 is fixed with the side end of the connecting rod 32 through argon arc welding, a group of fixed plates 34 is slidingly inserted into each group of connecting grooves 31, the fixed plate 34 is clearance fitted with the connecting groove 31, the bottom end of the fixed plate 34 is welded with a push plate 36, the push plate 36 is a reverse taper structure, and is attached to the material removing piece 33, the top end of the fixed plate 34 is fixedly connected with a piston 35 through a countersunk screw, the piston 35 is a stepped structure, the main body is made of polyurethane material, and two polyurethane U-shaped sealing rings are sleeved outside the piston 35, and the piston 35 is in interference fit with the inner wall of the inlet pipe 11, the two groups of fixed plates 34 are symmetrically distributed outside the connecting rod 32, the connecting rod 32 penetrates through the center through hole of the push plate 36, the material removing piece 33 comprises a cross rod 331 welded with the side end of the connecting rod 32, the side end of the cross rod 331 penetrates through a deep groove ball bearing and is connected with a rotating shaft 332, the rotating shaft 332 is a 40Cr steel shaft, the shaft end is positioned with the inner ring of the bearing through a shaft shoulder, one end of the rotating shaft 332 is connected with a scraping rod 333 through a flat key, the top end of the scraping rod 333 is an arc surface, which is matched with the inner wall of the oil well, the cross rod 331 and the scraping rod 333 naturally form a V shape, and torsion springs are sleeved at the hinged portions of the cross rod 331 and the scraping rod 333, when the filler is injected into the sealing area through the inlet pipe 11, the filler pressure pushes the piston 35 to move downward along the inner wall of the inlet pipe 11, drives the fixed plate 34 to slide along the connecting groove 31, and the push plate 36 moves downward and extrudes the inner side of the scraping rod 333, so that the scraping rod 333 is forced to open outward around the rotating shaft 332 until the top end of the well wall is completely attached, after the filling operation is completed, the ground lifting equipment is started to lift the tool, and the inlet pipe 11 is driven to rotate through the drilling platform turntable, in the process of moving upward with the tool, the scraping rod 333 scrapes the residual filler and mud cake on the well wall through the rotating arc surface, the ground lifting equipment and the drilling platform turntable are core power equipment for downhole operation in oil exploitation, the ground lifting equipment mainly refers to a hydraulic workover rig, and the core thereof comprises a double-drum winch driven by a hydraulic pump, a four-link type derrick and an intelligent control system, load shunting is realized through a crown block-traveling block pulley block, a hook is connected below the traveling block, the hook is rigidly connected with a lifting short section at the top end of the inlet pipe 11 through a lifting ring, during operation, the control system can accurately adjust the lifting speed, the drilling platform turntable is a 200-type mechanical transmission turntable, which is driven by an explosion-proof motor and outputs torque through a three-stage gear reduction box, the turntable table and the kelly are matched to realize centering transmission, the bottom end of the kelly is connected with the top end of the inlet pipe 11 through a conversion joint, and the core function thereof is to drive the inlet pipe 11 to rotate through the output of stable torque, the rotating speed can be adjusted through a frequency conversion system and be linked with the ground lifting equipment to form linkage control, so that the scraping rod 333 can realize well wall cleaning in the combined motion of rotation and upward movement, when the two work together, the lifting equipment controls the axial movement speed of the tool, and the turntable provides circumferential rotation power,The proportional linkage of the rotation speed and the lifting speed is realized through the PLC control system, so that the continuous cutting of the scraping rod 333 to the well wall is ensured, and the overlapping or omission of the scratches caused by the unmatched speed is avoided.

[0041] By adopting the above scheme: through the two groups of symmetrically distributed connecting grooves 31 and the fixed plate 34, the two-way synchronous force of the push plate 36 is ensured, and the unilateral deviation of the scraping rod 333 is avoided; the transmission structure of the inverted conical push plate 36 and the material removing piece 33 realizes that the opening angle of the scraping rod 333 is linearly adjusted with the filler pressure, the well diameter range is adapted, the stepped sealing design of the piston 35 ensures that the filler pressure is transmitted to the push plate 36 without leakage, and a plurality of circumferentially distributed material removing pieces 33 realize that the well wall is cleaned without dead angle, and the wellbore is prevented from being blocked by the residual material falling off.

[0042] The working principle of the present application is: during operation, firstly, the downhole filling tool is lowered to the filling section of the oil well by the ground lifting equipment, and in the process of lowering, the lower sealing pad 13 and the upper sealing pad 15 accurately cover the upper and lower boundaries of the filling section, then the sleeve 26 is rotated by the ground driving device, the sleeve 26 rotates relative to the entering pipe 11 through the inner wall bearing, and at the same time, the two groups of connecting plates 27 are synchronously rotated, because the limiting block 210 at the side end of the connecting plate 27 is slidingly inserted into the limiting groove 23 in the inner side of the counterweight ring 22, the counterweight ring 22 rotates synchronously with the connecting plate 27, until the four groups of top plates 21 at the top end of the upper partition plate 14 are accurately aligned with the four groups of downward grooves 25 at the bottom end of the counterweight ring 22 and enter the grooves, at this time, the counterweight ring 22 loses the support of the top plates 21 and moves downward along the entering pipe 11 under the action of its own gravity, and its bottom end pushes the synchronous plate 28 to extrude the upper sealing pad 15, and at the same time, the lower pressing plate 29 is synchronously lowered to extrude the lower sealing pad 13 through the connecting plate 27, so that the two groups of oil-resistant rubber sealing pads expand radially due to the axial pressure, and the stepped edges are tightly attached to the well wall, thereby completing the sealing and reinforcement of the filling section, then the external pumping system is started, the filling agent is transported to the material supplement groove 16 through the hollow channel of the entering pipe 11, the two groups of symmetrically distributed trumpet-shaped notches uniformly guide the filling agent into the closed space between the lower sealing pad 13 and the upper sealing pad 15, and after the filling agent fills the space, the pumping is maintained until the filling agent is initially cured, thereby preliminarily completing the material filling of the filling section, and in the filling process, the filling agent pushes the piston 35 to move downward along the inner wall of the entering pipe 11, drives the fixed plate 34 to slide along the connecting groove 31, and the inverted conical push plate 36 moves downward and extrudes the scraper rod 333 of the material removing piece 33, so that the scraper rod 333 opens outward around the rotating shaft 332 until the top arc surface is completely attached to the well wall, when the filling operation is completed, the ground hydraulic workover rig and the drilling platform turntable are started, the workover rig lifts the tool by the crown block-traveling block pulley block, and the drilling platform turntable rotates the entering pipe 11 at a high speed through the kelly driving, the scraper rod 333 is scraped by the combined motion of the rotating arc surface and the upward operation, and the residual filling agent and mud cake attached to the well wall are scraped, in the cleaning process, the PLC system controls the lifting speed and the rotating speed in linkage to ensure that the scraping is uniform and complete, after the operation is completed, the pressure of the filling agent is released, the scraper rod 333 is reset under the action of the torsional spring, and the whole tool is recovered to the ground.The two groups of symmetrically distributed trumpet-shaped supplemental grooves 16 ensure uniform distribution of the filler in the closed space, avoiding local accumulation leading to incomplete filling. The stepped edge design of the sealing pad allows it to expand under pressure and form multiple sealing contacts with the well wall, significantly reducing the risk of filler leakage and ensuring the sealing reliability of the filling section. The weight ring 22 of the activating member 2 is designed for gravity-driven activation, eliminating the need for additional hydraulic or electric devices to activate the sealing pad expansion. This simplifies the downhole structure and reduces the probability of failure in high temperature and high pressure environments. The four evenly distributed top plates 21 cooperate with the downward moving grooves 25, combined with the guiding effect of the limiting block 210 and the limiting groove 23, to ensure that the weight ring 22 is balanced when rotating in alignment, avoiding skewing and jamming. The symmetric distribution of the synchronization plate 28 and the pressing plate 29 ensures uniform stress on the sealing pad, allowing them to expand synchronously and adhere to the well wall, improving the stability and efficiency of sealing activation and reducing manual operation errors. By removing the inverted conical push plate 36 of the removal member 3 and the transmission structure of the removal member 33, the opening angle of the scraper 333 changes linearly with the pressure of the filler, allowing it to adapt to the well diameter range. The stepped sealing design of the piston 35 ensures that the pressure is not leaked and transmitted, ensuring reliable adhesion of the scraper 333 to the well wall. Multiple circumferentially distributed removal members 33 cooperate with the linkage control of the ground lifting equipment and the drilling platform turntable, allowing the scraper 333 to perform full circumferential cleaning of the well wall in a combined rotation and upward movement, avoiding residual material falling and blocking the wellbore. At the same time, the design of the scraper 333 top arc surface and the torsional spring improves the efficiency of removing hard formation residues and automatically resets after cleaning, reducing the risk of jamming during tool recovery.

[0043] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any skilled person in the art can make equivalent replacements or changes within the technical scope disclosed by the present application and according to the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. Downhole packing tools used in oil extraction, including: A sealing element (1) for sealing a section that needs to be filled is characterized in that an activation element (2) for activating the sealing element (1) is provided on the sealing element (1), and a removal element (3) for removing residual material from the well wall is provided at the bottom end of the sealing element (1). The sealing element (1) includes an entry pipe (11) that extends into the well. A lower partition plate (12) is provided on the entry pipe (11). A lower sealing gasket (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the lower partition plate (12). An upper partition plate (14) is provided on the entry pipe (11). An upper sealing gasket (15) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper partition plate (14). The activation component (2) includes a top plate (21) fixedly connected to the top of the upper partition plate (14). A counterweight ring (22) is sleeved on the outside of the inlet pipe (11). An abutment groove (24) is opened at the bottom of the counterweight ring (22). A downward sliding groove (25) is opened at the top of the abutment groove (24). The downward sliding groove (25) is adapted to the abutment groove (24). In the initial state, the top of the abutment groove (24) abuts against the top of the top plate (21). A sleeve (26) is sleeved on the outside of the inlet pipe (11). A connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve (26). The bottom of the connecting plate (27) passes through the counterweight ring (22) and is fixedly connected to a lower pressure plate (29). A synchronization plate (28) is fixedly connected to the side of the connecting plate (27). When the filling section needs to be sealed, first rotate the sleeve (26) so that the connecting plate (27) and the counterweight ring (22) rotate synchronously, so that the top plate (21) enters the lower moving groove (25). Under the action of gravity, the counterweight ring (22) moves down to push the synchronous plate (28) and the lower pressure plate (29), squeezing the upper sealing gasket (15) and the lower sealing gasket (13) to deform and abut against the well wall, thus completing the sealing.

2. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronization plate (28) is positioned above the upper sealing gasket (15), and the lower pressure plate (29) is positioned above the lower sealing gasket (13); The counterweight ring (22) has a limiting groove (23) on its inner side, and the connecting plate (27) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (210) on its side. The limiting block (210) is slidably inserted into the limiting groove (23), and the limiting block (210) is located above the synchronization plate (28).

3. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inlet pipe (11) has a feeding groove (16) on its side end, and the feeding groove (16) is located between the lower sealing gasket (13) and the upper partition plate (14). The inlet pipe (11) has an annular groove (17) on its side end, and the lower partition plate (12) has a through groove (18) at its top end.

4. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 3, characterized in that, One end of the inlet pipe (11) passes through the through groove (18), and a connecting block (19) is fixedly connected to the inside of the through groove (18). The connecting block (19) is slidably connected to the annular groove (17).

5. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The annular groove (17) is provided in two sets, respectively located at the lower partition plate (12) and the upper partition plate (14). The upper partition plate (14) is also provided with a through groove (18) and a connecting block (19).

6. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 5, characterized in that, The removal component (3) includes a connecting groove (31) that extends through the bottom end of the inlet pipe (11), a connecting rod (32) that is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the inlet pipe (11), and a material removal component (33) that is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting rod (32).

7. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 6, characterized in that, A fixing plate (34) is slidably inserted into the connecting groove (31), a push plate (36) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing plate (34), and a piston (35) is fixedly connected to the top end of the fixing plate (34).

8. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fixing plate (34) is located outside the connecting rod (32), and the connecting rod (32) passes through the push plate (36).

9. The downhole packing tool for oil extraction according to claim 8, characterized in that, The material removal component (33) includes a crossbar (331) fixedly connected to the side end of the connecting rod (32). A rotating shaft (332) is connected through the side end of the crossbar (331). A scraper (333) is connected through one end of the rotating shaft (332). The crossbar (331) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (332), and the scraper (333) is rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (332).

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