Test platform for ship tail gas catalytic purification performance evaluation

Abstract

The invention provides a test platform for ship tail gas catalytic purification performance evaluation, and belongs to the technical field of ship tail gas treatment and environment monitoring. Comprising a gas supply and tempering unit, a control unit, a reactor, an analysis unit and a tail gas absorption device, the gas supply and tempering unit conveys to-be-detected gas to the reactor for reaction, the reacted gas is conveyed to the analysis unit, and the tail gas is treated through the tail gas absorption device after detection is completed; the gas supply and tempering unit comprises a gas cylinder, a gas generator, a water vapor generator, a liquid evaporation device and a gas mixing tank. The platform is provided with multiple gas passages, and gas of a gas source can be selectively mixed by the gas mixing tank and then directly communicated with the reactor, bypasses the gas mixing tank and then directly communicated with the reactor, or is mixed by the gas mixing tank and then enters the reactor through the water vapor generator. And a liquid evaporation device is additionally arranged to evaporate liquid to produce gaseous reactants which are directly communicated with the reactor. Detection of various ship tail gas catalytic reactions can be realized through flexible selection and combination of gas conveying paths.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of ship exhaust treatment and environmental monitoring, and in particular to a test platform for evaluating the catalytic purification performance of ship exhaust. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the global shipping industry, ship exhaust emissions have become a major source of air pollutants and greenhouse gas emissions. Ship exhaust contains not only nitrogen oxides ( ), sulfur oxides ( ), soot, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and carbon monoxide (CO), as well as methane ( ), nitrous oxide ( ) and other strong greenhouse gases. Traditional ship exhaust test platforms are mostly oriented towards single pollutants (e.g. ) catalytic removal performance evaluation, lack of testing capabilities for simultaneous synergistic treatment of multiple pollutants. The development of marine clean fuels (such as LNG, , The exhaust gas composition is complex and changeable due to the high efficiency of the exhaust gas, and the detection platform for various emerging selective catalytic reduction (SCR) technologies using methanol, methane, hydrocarbons (HC) and carbon monoxide as reducing agents has not yet appeared.

[0003] Therefore, there is a need for an integrated testing platform that can be used for multi-pollutant coordinated purification testing, supports multiple SCR paths, and has the ability to evaluate greenhouse gas emission reductions. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a test platform for evaluating the catalytic purification performance of ship exhaust. By adding a gas delivery line to the reactor, installing a preheating module, optimizing the mixing tank structure, and synchronizing the positions of the catalyst and the temperature measuring thermocouple, it is possible to detect a variety of pollutants and comprehensively examine the catalyst performance.

[0005] To this end, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A test platform for evaluating the catalytic purification performance of ship exhaust, comprising: an air supply and conditioning unit, a reactor, an analysis unit, and an exhaust gas absorption device; The gas supply and conditioning unit is used to synthesize the target ship exhaust gas, and the target ship exhaust gas enters the reactor for exhaust gas catalytic purification reaction; the post-reaction gas enters the analysis unit for detection to obtain the performance evaluation of the exhaust gas catalytic purification; the detected exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas absorption device for completion of treatment; The gas supply and conditioning unit includes: a gas cylinder, a gas generator, a water vapor generator, a liquid evaporation device and a gas mixing tank; the gas mixing tank is provided with multiple gas inlets and one gas outlet; The gas input to the reactor is determined based on the target ship exhaust gas to be reacted. The pathways for each gas to enter the reactor include: The first path is for the gas in the gas cylinder to directly enter the reactor; The second path is that the gas in the gas cylinder first enters the gas mixing tank and then enters the reactor; The third path is for the gas in the gas cylinder to pass through the gas mixing tank and the water vapor generator in sequence before entering the reactor; The fourth passage is for the gas generated by the gas generator to first enter the gas mixing tank and then enter the reactor; The fifth passage is for the gas generated by the liquid evaporation device to directly enter the reactor.

[0006] Furthermore, the reactor comprises: a programmed temperature automatic heating furnace, a reaction tube and a catalyst bed installed on the reaction tube; A diameter-reducing section is provided in the middle of the reaction tube for fixing the loading position of the catalyst bed; A thin-diameter branch pipe is provided in the middle of the reaction tube near the reduced-diameter section, and the thin-diameter branch pipe is used for inserting a thermocouple probe.

[0007] Furthermore, the gas generator includes: an air generator and a nitrogen generator.

[0008] Furthermore, a preheating zone is provided at the outlet of the liquid evaporation device.

[0009] Furthermore, the analysis unit includes: Infrared detector, gas chromatograph and flue gas analyzer.

[0010] Furthermore, a preheating zone is provided at the air inlet of the reactor.

[0011] Furthermore, the post-reaction gas passes through the filtering unit and then enters the analysis unit; The filter unit includes a filter tank and a gas-liquid separator.

[0012] Furthermore, each air inlet of the mixing tank is provided with an anti-backflow ball valve; and the mixing tank is provided with a multi-layer porous diffusion plate.

[0013] Advantages and positive effects of the present invention: This testing platform integrates a water vapor generator, a liquid evaporation device, a gas mixing tank, a variety of gaseous material supply modules and multiple gas channels. It can simulate the variable real ship emission conditions by adjusting the gas composition, humidity and concentration. 、 、 , CO, VOCs and other single or composite pollutants catalytic treatment, among which denitrification test can cover 、 、 、 and and other reactions, while having greenhouse gases ( and ) Emission reduction technology screening, significantly expanding the scope of application of the experimental platform.

[0014] This testing platform effectively ensures uniform gas modulation by adding a channel for gases that dissolve in water or easily precipitate to enter the reactor, optimizing the gas mixing tank structure, and installing preheating zones in the liquid evaporator, gas mixing tank outlet, and reactor inlet. This testing platform also features a reaction tube designed to position a thermocouple on the catalyst bed surface, enabling precise measurement of catalyst temperature. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0016] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a test platform for evaluating the catalytic purification performance of ship exhaust gas in an embodiment; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the reactor structure; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the reaction tube structure; Figure 4 is NO in Example 1 x Conversion rate test data chart.

[0017] Description of reference numerals: 1. Air generator; 2. Nitrogen generator; 3. Gas cylinder; 4. Gas mixing tank; 5. Water vapor generator; 6. Preheating zone; 7. Liquid evaporation device; 8. Reactor; 8-1. Reaction tube; 8-2. Programmed temperature heating furnace; 9. Gas-liquid separator; 10. Filter tank; 11. Infrared detector; 12. Gas chromatograph; 13. Flue gas analyzer; 14. Mass flow controller; 15. Tail gas absorption device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the numbers used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0020] The present invention provides a test platform for evaluating the catalytic purification performance of ship exhaust gas, the structure of which is as shown in the attached figure. Figure 1 As shown, including: Gas supply and conditioning unit, reactor, analysis unit and tail gas absorption device; The gas supply and conditioning unit is used to synthesize the target ship exhaust gas, which then enters the reactor for exhaust gas catalytic purification reaction. After the reaction, the gas enters the analysis unit for detection to obtain the performance evaluation of the exhaust gas catalytic purification. After detection, the exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas absorption device for completion of treatment. The gas supply and conditioning unit includes: a gas cylinder, a gas generator, a water vapor generator, a liquid evaporation device and a gas mixing tank; the gas mixing tank is provided with multiple gas inlets and one gas outlet; The gas input to the reactor is determined based on the target ship exhaust gas to be reacted. The pathways for each gas to enter the reactor include: The first path is for the gas in the gas cylinder to directly enter the reactor; The second path is that the gas in the gas cylinder first enters the gas mixing tank and then enters the reactor; The third path is for the gas in the gas cylinder to pass through the gas mixing tank and the water vapor generator in sequence before entering the reactor; The fourth passage is for the gas generated by the gas generator to first enter the gas mixing tank and then enter the reactor; The fifth passage is for the gas generated by the liquid evaporation device to directly enter the reactor.

[0021] A programmed temperature automatic heating furnace, a reaction tube, and a catalyst bed installed on the reaction tube; A diameter-reducing section is provided in the middle of the reaction tube to fix the loading position of the catalyst bed; A thin-diameter branch pipe is provided in the middle of the reaction tube near the reduced-diameter section, and the thin-diameter branch pipe is used for inserting a thermocouple probe.

[0022] Analysis unit, including: Infrared detector, gas chromatograph and flue gas analyzer.

[0023] The gas input to the reactor is determined based on the target ship exhaust gas to be reacted, including: Nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, nitrous oxide, hydrogen, oxygen, ammonia, methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, alkanes, sulfur dioxide.

[0024] Each gas selects a path to enter the reactor according to the target ship exhaust gas to be simulated; Figure 1 As shown, the gas cylinders may include 3-1, 3-2...3-4. When the reaction requires the simultaneous input of more gases, additional gas cylinders such as 3-5, 3-6...etc. may be added, and the gas mixing tank may be provided with multiple gas inlets.

[0025] Adjust the gas path according to the target ship exhaust to be simulated: Entering the reactor through the first path, avoiding Deposition in the mixing tank; The solution is precisely metered by a peristaltic pump and then preset in a liquid evaporation device. After being heated to generate gas, it enters the reactor through the fifth path. Gases insoluble in water can enter the reactor via the second or third pathway; Gases that are easily soluble in water: VOCs, CO, etc. can enter the reactor through the first passage or the second passage.

[0026] Example 1: Denitrification Test S1. Load 0.1 g of quartz wool and 20-80 mesh catalyst into the reactor.

[0027] The components of the simulated flue gas include: Nitrogen, nitrogen oxides, oxygen and ammonia.

[0028] Nitrogen is generated by air and nitrogen generators; nitrogen oxides, oxygen, and ammonia are supplied by cylinders. Mass flow controllers control the flow of each gas to the desired value.

[0029] S2. During the test, nitrogen enters the reactor through the fourth passage, nitrogen oxides enter the reactor through the third passage, ammonia enters the reactor through the third passage, and oxygen enters the reactor through the third passage.

[0030] S3, preheat zone at the reactor air inlet, set the temperature to 120℃.

[0031] S4. Monitor the actual temperature in the reactor.

[0032] S5. After the gas distribution system is stable, set the program temperature. The component gas to be measured passes through the reactor, filter tank, gas-liquid separator in sequence, and then enters the infrared analyzer and flue gas analyzer for analysis. , ,NO, and The concentration is measured in real time, and the tail gas is passed into the tail gas absorption device.

[0033] S6. Carry out During the test, a CO gas cylinder is required with a concentration of 1%-10% and a carrier gas of After the flue gas reacts, it is passed into the gas chromatograph for hydrocarbon detection. The remaining steps are the same as Test the same; When testing, you need to equip Gas cylinder, its concentration is 1%-10%, the carrier gas is After the flue gas reacts, it is passed into the gas chromatograph for and The remaining steps are the same as Test the same; When testing, you need to equip The concentration of the gas cylinder is 1%-10%, the carrier gas is air, and the flue gas is passed into the gas chromatograph for detection after reaction. A hydrogen alarm must be equipped. The rest of the steps are the same as Test the same; When testing, you need to equip The solution is placed in a liquid evaporation device, accurately metered by a peristaltic pump, heated and vaporized by a gas temperature control device, and then introduced into a reactor. The tail gas after the reaction is passed into a gas chromatograph for hydrocarbon detection. The remaining steps are the same as Same test.

[0034] Example 2: Oxidation Catalysis Test conduct During testing: 0.1 g of quartz wool and 20-80 mesh catalyst were loaded into the reactor.

[0035] Component gases of simulated flue gas: nitrogen, oxygen and ammonia.

[0036] Nitrogen is produced by air and nitrogen generators, while oxygen and ammonia are supplied by gas cylinders. Mass flow controllers are used to control the flow of each gas to the required value.

[0037] During the test, nitrogen enters the reactor through the fourth path, and ammonia and oxygen enter the reactor through the second path, that is, nitrogen, oxygen and ammonia are mixed into one gas in the mixing tank and enter the reactor directly without passing through the steam generator.

[0038] The preheat zone at the reactor air inlet was set at a temperature of 120°C.

[0039] Monitor the actual temperature in the reactor.

[0040] After the gas distribution system is stable, set the programmed temperature conditions.

[0041] The component gas to be tested passes through the reactor, filter tank, gas-liquid separator in sequence, and then enters the infrared analyzer and flue gas analyzer for analysis. , ,NO, and The concentration is measured in real time, and the tail gas is passed into the tail gas absorption device.

[0042] Example 3: Synchronous removal , , test 0.1 g of quartz wool and 20-80 mesh catalyst were loaded into the reactor.

[0043] Component gases of simulated flue gas: 、 、 and Nitrogen is produced by air generators and nitrogen generators. 、 、 and The gas source is a gas cylinder.

[0044] The flow rate of each gas was controlled to the required value by a mass flow controller.

[0045] During the test, nitrogen enters the reactor through the fourth passage, nitrogen oxides enter the reactor through the second passage, ammonia enters the reactor through the second passage, nitrous oxide enters the reactor through the second passage, and oxygen enters the reactor through the second passage, namely: 、 、 and It enters the gas mixing tank and is mixed into one gas, which then enters the reactor.

[0046] The preheat zone at the reactor inlet was set at a temperature of 120°C.

[0047] Monitor the actual temperature in the reactor. After the gas distribution system is stable, set the program temperature. The component gas to be measured passes through the reactor, filter tank, gas-liquid separator in sequence, and then enters the infrared analyzer and flue gas analyzer for analysis. , ,NO, and The concentration is measured in real time, and the tail gas is passed into the tail gas absorption device.

[0048] Example 4: When testing the hydrothermal stability of the catalyst: 0.1 g of quartz wool and 20-80 mesh catalyst were loaded into the reactor.

[0049] A pipeline is connected between the nitrogen generator and the air generator, and a valve is provided; Close the valve between the nitrogen generator and the air generator to allow the compressed air to enter the mass flow controller through the transcending pipe, thereby reducing the loss of the nitrogen generator.

[0050] After the air flow is controlled to the required value by the mass flow controller, the air enters the mixing tank.

[0051] During the test, air enters the reactor through the third passage.

[0052] The preheat zone between the steam generator and the mixing tank is set at 90°C.

[0053] Monitor the actual temperature in the reactor.

[0054] After the gas distribution system is stable, set the aging temperature and time.

[0055] After the aging was completed, the catalyst activity test was performed according to the procedure of Example 1.

[0056] This testing platform can be used for 、 、 、CO、 The catalytic performance test of pollutants such as carbon soot particles can flexibly meet the analysis needs of single pollutants or their mixed systems, among which the denitrification test can cover 、 、 、 and and other reactions, while having greenhouse gases ( and ) It can screen emission reduction technologies and simulate real flue gas, and can also realize qualitative analysis of intermediate products.

[0057] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test platform for evaluating the catalytic purification performance of ship exhaust, characterized in that: include: Gas supply and conditioning unit, reactor, analysis unit and tail gas absorption device; The gas supply and conditioning unit is used to synthesize the target ship exhaust gas, and the target ship exhaust gas enters the reactor for exhaust gas catalytic purification reaction; the post-reaction gas enters the analysis unit for detection to obtain the performance evaluation of the exhaust gas catalytic purification; the detected exhaust gas enters the exhaust gas absorption device for completion of treatment; The gas supply and conditioning unit includes: a gas cylinder, a gas generator, a water vapor generator, a liquid evaporation device and a gas mixing tank; the gas mixing tank is provided with multiple gas inlets and one gas outlet; The gas input to the reactor is determined based on the target ship exhaust gas to be reacted. The pathways for each gas to enter the reactor include: The first path is for the gas in the gas cylinder to directly enter the reactor; The second path is that the gas in the gas cylinder first enters the gas mixing tank and then enters the reactor; The third path is for the gas in the gas cylinder to pass through the gas mixing tank and the water vapor generator in sequence before entering the reactor; The fourth passage is for the gas generated by the gas generator to first enter the gas mixing tank and then enter the reactor; The fifth passage is for the gas generated by the liquid evaporation device to directly enter the reactor.

2. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that The reactor comprises: a programmed temperature automatic heating furnace, a reaction tube and a catalyst bed installed on the reaction tube; A diameter-reducing section is provided in the middle of the reaction tube for fixing the loading position of the catalyst bed; A thin-diameter branch pipe is provided in the middle of the reaction tube near the reduced-diameter section, and the thin-diameter branch pipe is used for inserting a thermocouple probe.

3. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that The gas generator includes an air generator and a nitrogen generator.

4. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that A preheating zone is provided at the outlet of the liquid evaporation device and on the pipeline from the gas mixing tank to the gas inlet of the reactor.

5. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that The analysis unit comprises: Infrared detector, gas chromatograph and flue gas analyzer.

6. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that The post-reaction gas passes through the filtering unit and then enters the analysis unit; The filter unit includes a filter tank and a gas-liquid separator.

7. The platform according to claim 1, characterized in that Each air inlet of the gas mixing tank is provided with an anti-backflow ball valve; and a multi-layer porous diffusion plate is provided in the gas mixing tank.

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