Prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection method and device
By setting up signal sending and receiving equipment at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable and using electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave technology to obtain the characteristic curve, the difficult problem of prestressed anchor cable tension force detection was solved and efficient and accurate detection results were achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510739191.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-06-04
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, it is difficult to detect the tension of prestressed anchor cables with high accuracy and efficiency, especially because the anchor cables are embedded in the prestressed anchor structure and the outer covering material makes detection difficult.
A signal sending device and a signal receiving device are set at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested. The tension force is determined by obtaining a characteristic curve. The characteristic curve is different according to the specifications of the sample prestressed anchor cable. An electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor is used to send a sinusoidal pulse excitation signal and receive the reflected signal to determine the tension force.
It achieves efficient detection without being restricted by the length of the anchor cable, improves the detection accuracy and efficiency, ensures that each specification parameter of the prestressed anchor cable has a corresponding characteristic curve, and further improves the accuracy of tension force detection.
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Figure CN120721272A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the field of non-destructive testing technology, and in particular to a method and device for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable. Background Art
[0002] Prestressed anchor cables are widely used in large-scale prestressed anchoring facilities, such as highway slope management, bridges, and dams. During operation, due to the failure of the protective seal, corrosive media can penetrate the tensioning section of the anchor cables, causing rust and subsequent loss of tension. This reduces the bearing capacity of the prestressed anchor structure and accelerates structural failure. To ensure the safe operation of prestressed anchoring facilities, the tension of the prestressed anchor cables should be regularly tested.
[0003] In related technologies, due to the characteristics of prestressed anchor structures, the tensioning force section of the anchor cable is generally embedded inside the prestressed anchor structure. The outer covering material causes the internal anchor cable to be inaccessible, making the tensioning force detection of the prestressed anchor cable particularly difficult. Summary of the Invention
[0004] In view of this, the present application provides a method and device for detecting the tensioning force of a prestressed anchor cable, which can improve the accuracy of the tensioning force detection of the prestressed anchor cable and has high detection efficiency.
[0005] A first aspect of an embodiment of the present application provides a method for detecting the tension of a prestressed anchor cable, which is applied to a prestressed anchor cable tension detection device, the prestressed anchor cable tension detection device comprising a signal sending device and a signal receiving device, the signal sending device and the signal receiving device being arranged at the same end of a prestressed anchor cable to be tested; the method comprising: obtaining a characteristic curve for characterizing the correspondence between tension and signal characteristic values, wherein the characteristic curve is obtained by applying tensions of different magnitudes to a sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, and the characteristic curve varies according to different specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable; determining the specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, and determining a target characteristic curve matching the specification parameters from the characteristic curve; controlling the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal to obtain a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device, wherein the second characteristic signal is a reflection signal of the first characteristic signal at the anchoring section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; determining a target signal characteristic value based on the second characteristic signal; and determining a target tension corresponding to the target signal characteristic value based on the target characteristic curve.
[0006] Compared with the related art, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages: by arranging the signal sending device and the signal receiving device at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, the detection of the tension of the prestressed anchor cable is not limited by the length of the anchor cable, and there is no need to perform surface pretreatment on the anchor cable to be tested, and the detection efficiency is high. By obtaining the characteristic curve, since the characteristic curve is obtained by applying different magnitudes of tension to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain the signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, the accuracy of the characteristic curve is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of the target tension obtained based on the target characteristic curve. In addition, by setting the characteristic curve to be different according to the different specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable, each specification parameter of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested corresponds to a specific characteristic curve, further improving the accuracy of the target tension obtained based on the target characteristic curve.
[0007] In a possible implementation, the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are both arranged in the free section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; wherein the free section is the exposed and unstressed portion of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested.
[0008] In one possible implementation, the signal sending device is an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor, and the signal receiving device is an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave receiving sensor; controlling the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal to obtain a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device includes: controlling the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor to send a sinusoidal pulse excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal of the anchoring section.
[0009] In a possible implementation, the frequency of the sinusoidal pulse excitation signal is greater than 200 kHz.
[0010] In a possible implementation, the target signal characteristic value includes one of the following or any combination thereof: signal peak value, phase, reflection coefficient, frequency domain feature, spectrum amplitude, and power spectrum amplitude.
[0011] In one possible implementation, before applying different magnitudes of tensioning forces to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensioning forces, it also includes: controlling the sample prestressed anchor cable to be tensioned to a preset tensioning force; after continuing for a preset period of time, controlling the sample prestressed anchor cable to be unloaded to a stress-free state.
[0012] In a possible implementation, the structural type of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested includes one of the following or any combination thereof: threaded steel bars, steel strands, and parallel steel wires.
[0013] In the second aspect, the embodiment of the present application also provides a prestressed anchor cable tension detection device, the prestressed anchor cable tension detection device includes a signal sending device and a signal receiving device, the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are arranged at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; the prestressed anchor cable tension detection device also includes: an acquisition module, a first determination module, a control module, a second determination module and a third determination module; the acquisition module is used to obtain a characteristic curve for characterizing the correspondence between tension and signal characteristic values, wherein the characteristic curve is obtained by applying tension of different magnitudes to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, and the characteristic curve is obtained according to The sample prestressed anchor cables have different specification parameters; the first determination module is used to determine the specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, and determine the target characteristic curve that matches the specification parameters from the characteristic curve; the control module is used to control the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal, and obtain a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device, wherein the second characteristic signal is a reflection signal of the first characteristic signal in the anchoring section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; the second determination module is used to determine the target signal characteristic value based on the second characteristic signal; the third determination module is used to determine the target tension corresponding to the target signal characteristic value based on the target characteristic curve.
[0014] The technical effect obtained by the above-mentioned second aspect is similar to the technical effect obtained by the corresponding technical means in the first aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] Figure 1 A flowchart of the steps of a method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a prestressed anchor cable to be tested provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0017] Figure 3 This is a voltage-time relationship curve diagram of the signal of a sample prestressed anchor cable provided in an embodiment of the present application under different tensions.
[0018] Figure 4 A curve diagram showing the relationship between reflection coefficient and tension force of a sample prestressed anchor cable provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0019] Figure 5 This is a voltage-time relationship curve diagram of the signal of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0020] Figure 6 A curve diagram showing the relationship between the reflection coefficient and the tension force of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested provided in one embodiment of the present application.
[0021] Figure 7 This is a functional module diagram of a prestressed anchor cable tension force detection device provided in one embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of the present application, the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features therein can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict.
[0023] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. The described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments.
[0024] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.
[0025] It should be further noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus comprising a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising the element.
[0026] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more than one" means two or more. "And / or" describes the relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A alone, A and B together, and B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," and so on (if any) in the specification, claims, and drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects, not to describe a specific order or precedence.
[0027] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.
[0028] To facilitate understanding, some illustrations of concepts related to the embodiments of the present application are given for reference.
[0029] Electromagnetic Acoustic Transducer (EMAT) is a new technology emerging in the field of nondestructive testing. It utilizes electromagnetic coupling to excite and receive ultrasonic waves. Compared to traditional ultrasonic testing, it offers advantages such as high precision, the absence of a coupling agent, non-contact operation, suitability for high-temperature testing, and ease of exciting various ultrasonic waveforms. EMAT is gaining increasing attention and recognition in industrial applications.
[0030] Prestressed anchor cables are cable-like supports anchored within the rock mass using a prestressing method, used to reinforce slopes. The anchor cable is anchored into the rock mass through holes in weak structural surfaces, connecting the sliding mass with the stable rock layer. This changes the stress state of the slope rock mass and improves the integrity and strength of unstable rock mass. Prestressed anchor cable installation requires specialized tensioning devices and equipment.
[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the steps of an embodiment of the prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection method of the present application. According to different needs, the order of the steps in the flowchart can be changed, and some steps can be omitted. The prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection method of the present application can be applied to a prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection device, but is not limited to this, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this. Specifically, the prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection device of this embodiment includes a signal sending device and a signal receiving device, and the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are arranged at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested.
[0032] The specific process of this embodiment is as follows Figure 1 As shown, the following steps are included: Step 101: Obtain a characteristic curve for characterizing the corresponding relationship between the tension force and the signal characteristic value.
[0033] In some embodiments, the characteristic curve is obtained by applying different magnitudes of tensioning forces to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensioning forces. The characteristic curve varies according to different specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable.
[0034] In some embodiments, the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are set at the same end of the sample prestressed anchor cable, and the signal characteristic value is the characteristic value of the reflected echo signal of the characteristic signal sent by the signal sending device at the anchoring section of the sample prestressed anchor cable.
[0035] In some embodiments, before applying varying tensions to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to the varying tensions, the method further includes: controlling the sample prestressed anchor cable to be tensioned to a preset tension; and after maintaining the tension for a preset duration, controlling the sample prestressed anchor cable to be unloaded to a stress-free state. This ensures that the sample prestressed anchor cable is in a stress-free state before the tension test, thereby further improving the accuracy of the characteristic curve.
[0036] It should be noted that the process of obtaining the characteristic curve is described in detail in subsequent embodiments, and will not be described again here to avoid repetition.
[0037] Step 102: determining the specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, and determining a target characteristic curve matching the specification parameters from the characteristic curve.
[0038] It can be understood that since the characteristic curve varies according to the specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable, that is, each sample prestressed anchor cable with different specification parameters corresponds to a different characteristic curve, therefore, after determining the specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, a target characteristic curve that matches the specification parameters can be selected from multiple characteristic curves.
[0039] In some embodiments, the structural type of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested includes one of the following or any combination thereof: threaded steel bars, steel strands, parallel steel wires. It is understood that this embodiment does not specifically limit the structural type of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested.
[0040] Step 103: Control the signal sending device to send the first characteristic signal, and obtain the second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device.
[0041] In some embodiments, the signal transmitting device and the signal receiving device are both disposed at the free section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; the free section being the exposed, unstressed portion of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested. This method allows, on the one hand, the signal transmitting device and the signal receiving device to be disposed at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, thereby enabling detection of the tension of the prestressed anchor cable to be unrestricted by the length of the anchor cable, eliminating the need for surface pretreatment of the anchor cable to be tested and improving detection efficiency. Furthermore, it ensures that the signal receiving device receives the reflected signal of the characteristic signal transmitted by the signal transmitting device at the anchoring section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, thereby improving the reliability of the method for detecting the tension of the prestressed anchor cable.
[0042] In some embodiments, the signal sending device is an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor, and the signal receiving device is an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave receiving sensor; controlling the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal to obtain a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device includes: controlling the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor to send a sinusoidal pulse excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal of the anchoring section.
[0043] In some embodiments, the target signal characteristic value includes one of the following or any combination thereof: signal peak value, phase, reflection coefficient, frequency domain characteristics, spectrum amplitude, and power spectrum amplitude.
[0044] Specifically, the target signal characteristic value can be obtained by performing signal processing on the reflected signal.
[0045] In some embodiments, the frequency of the sinusoidal pulse excitation signal is greater than 200 kHz. In this way, it is possible to ensure that the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave receiving sensor receives a stable reflected signal, thereby improving the reliability of the prestressed anchor cable tension force detection method.
[0046] Step 104: Determine a target signal characteristic value according to the second characteristic signal.
[0047] In some embodiments, the target signal characteristic value is obtained by performing signal processing on the second characteristic signal.
[0048] Step 105: Determine the target tension force corresponding to the target signal characteristic value according to the target characteristic curve.
[0049] Specifically, since the target characteristic curve is used to characterize the corresponding relationship between the tension force and the signal characteristic value, the target tension force can be determined through the target characteristic curve and the target signal characteristic value.
[0050] For ease of understanding, the following takes the structural type of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested as a steel strand as an example, combined with Figures 2 to 6 How to detect the tension of the prestressed anchor cable in this embodiment is specifically described: The sample prestressed anchor cable includes: 15-7Φ5 steel strand, 2000mm long; two sets of single-hole clip-type mechanical anchors. The prestressed anchor cable and anchor to be tested have the same specifications as the sample prestressed anchor cable. The specific test steps are as follows: 1. Through step-by-step tensioning tests, the characteristic values of the reflected echo signals of the sinusoidal pulse excitation signals sent by the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor at the anchoring section of the sample prestressed anchor cable under different tensioning force states are obtained, and a calibration reference curve of the prestressed anchor cable tensioning force and the characteristic values of the reflected echo signals of the anchoring section is established, which is also the characteristic curve of this embodiment.
[0051] Specifically, the sample prestressed anchor cable consists of a steel strand and anchors at both ends. Before step-by-step tensioning, the steel strand is first tensioned to 180kN and held for 24 hours, then completely unloaded to a stress-free state. The steel strand is then loaded step-by-step. During this process, changes in the strand tension will change the degree of clamping of the anchor on the strand, thereby causing changes in the contact stiffness of the anchor-strand interface. This stiffness change will cause the reflection characteristics of the guided wave in the strand anchor section to change, specifically manifested as significant changes in characteristic parameters such as the peak value and reflection coefficient of the time-domain reflection signal, as well as the frequency-domain energy amplitude and power spectrum. This allows for accurate determination of the tension of the prestressed anchor cable.
[0052] During the inspection, an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor and an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave receiving sensor are arranged on the same side of the prestressed steel strand; then the prestressed steel strand is loaded step by step from 0kN to 180kN with an incremental step size of 20kN, and the electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave detection system is used for signal acquisition. At this time, the signal obtained by the receiving coil includes the passing signal of the guided wave and the reflected echo signal of the anchor section. Then, the reflection coefficient under different tension forces can be obtained by comparing the peak value of the reflected echo signal of the anchor section and the peak value of the passing signal of the guided wave, and then a reference relationship curve between the tension force and the echo reflection coefficient of the anchor section is obtained.
[0053] Specifically, the first reflection echo coefficient R of the anchoring section is calculated by the following formula: ;in, is the peak value of the reflected echo of the anchor section, is the peak value of the wave packet of the passing signal.
[0054] 2. Arrange the sensor group on the same side of the anchor cable of the specification to be tested, such as Figure 2 As shown in Figure 2, the magnetostrictive guided wave excitation sensor is 500 mm from the left end of the anchor structure, and the receiving sensor is 250 mm from the left end. Both coils are wound with 16 turns of 0.25 mm diameter wire.
[0055] 3. Apply a 3-cycle Hanning window modulated sinusoidal pulse excitation signal with a center frequency set to 200 kHz.
[0056] 4. Load the load step by step from 0kN to 180kN in 20kN increments. Collect the reflected signal at each load level to obtain the following information: Figure 3 The 10 groups of time domain signals are shown.
[0057] 5. Calculate the peak ratio of the direct wave to the anchor reflected wave of each signal group to obtain the reflection coefficient.
[0058] 6. By fitting the reflection coefficient-tension data, establish Figure 4 Characteristic reference curve shown.
[0059] 7. Use the same guided wave instrument parameters to test the anchor cable to obtain the following Figure 5 The waveguide signal is shown.
[0060] 8. The calculated echo reflection coefficient of the anchoring section is 0.104.
[0061] 9. If Figure 6 As shown, the measured reflection coefficient is substituted into the calibration curve, and a corresponding tensile force measurement value of 94.5 kN is obtained.
[0062] Compared with the related art, the embodiments of the present application have at least the following advantages: by arranging the signal sending device and the signal receiving device at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, the detection of the tension of the prestressed anchor cable is not limited by the length of the anchor cable, and there is no need to perform surface pretreatment on the anchor cable to be tested, and the detection efficiency is high. By obtaining the characteristic curve, since the characteristic curve is obtained by applying different magnitudes of tension to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain the signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, the accuracy of the characteristic curve is ensured, thereby improving the accuracy of the target tension obtained based on the target characteristic curve. In addition, by setting the characteristic curve to be different according to the different specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable, each specification parameter of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested corresponds to a specific characteristic curve, further improving the accuracy of the target tension obtained based on the target characteristic curve.
[0063] Based on the same concept as the prestressed anchor cable tension detection method in the above-mentioned embodiment, the present application also provides a prestressed anchor cable tension detection device, which can be used to perform the above-mentioned prestressed anchor cable tension detection method. For ease of explanation, the structural diagram of the embodiment of the prestressed anchor cable tension detection device only shows the parts related to the embodiment of the present application. Those skilled in the art will understand that the illustrated structure does not constitute a limitation of the device, and it may include more or fewer components than shown, or combine certain components, or have different component arrangements.
[0064] The prestressed anchor cable tension force detection device includes a signal sending device and a signal receiving device, and the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are arranged at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested. Figure 7 As shown, the prestressed anchor cable tension detection device 70 further includes an acquisition module 701, a first determination module 702, a control module 703, a second determination module 704, and a third determination module 705. In some embodiments, these modules may be programmable software instructions stored in a memory and executable by a processor. It is understood that in other embodiments, these modules may also be program instructions or firmware embedded in the processor.
[0065] An acquisition module 701 is configured to acquire a characteristic curve representing a correspondence between tension and signal characteristic values, wherein the characteristic curve is obtained by applying different tensions to a sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, and the characteristic curve varies depending on the specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable; A first determining module 702 is configured to determine specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, and determine a target characteristic curve matching the specification parameters from the characteristic curve; A control module 703 is configured to control the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal, and obtain a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device, wherein the second characteristic signal is a reflection signal of the first characteristic signal at the anchoring section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; A second determination module 704 is used to determine a target signal characteristic value according to the second characteristic signal; The third determination module 705 is configured to determine a target tension corresponding to the target signal characteristic value according to the target characteristic curve.
[0066] The above is a detailed introduction to the prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection method and device provided by the present application. Specific examples are used in this article to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; at the same time, for technical personnel in this field, based on the ideas of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.
Claims
1. A method for detecting the tension of a prestressed anchor cable, characterized in that: Applicable to a prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection device, the prestressed anchor cable tensioning force detection device includes a signal sending device and a signal receiving device, the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are arranged at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; The method comprises: Obtaining a characteristic curve for characterizing the correspondence between tension and signal characteristic values, wherein the characteristic curve is obtained by applying different tensions to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, and the characteristic curve varies according to different specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable; Determining specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, and determining a target characteristic curve matching the specification parameters from the characteristic curve; Controlling the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal, and obtaining a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device, wherein the second characteristic signal is a reflection signal of the first characteristic signal at the anchoring section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; determining a target signal characteristic value according to the second characteristic signal; A target tension force corresponding to the target signal characteristic value is determined according to the target characteristic curve.
2. The method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein: The signal sending device and the signal receiving device are both arranged at the free section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; The free section is the exposed and unstressed portion of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested.
3. The method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable according to claim 2, characterized in that: The signal sending device is an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor, and the signal receiving device is an electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave receiving sensor; The controlling the signal sending device to send the first characteristic signal and obtaining the second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device includes: The electromagnetic ultrasonic guided wave excitation sensor is controlled to send a sinusoidal pulse excitation signal to obtain a reflection signal of the anchoring section.
4. The method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable according to claim 3, wherein: The frequency of the sinusoidal pulse excitation signal is greater than 200 kHz.
5. The method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The target signal characteristic value includes one of the following or any combination thereof: Signal peak, phase, reflection coefficient, frequency domain characteristics, spectrum amplitude, and power spectrum amplitude.
6. The method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein: Before gradually applying different magnitudes of tensioning forces to the sample prestressed anchor cable to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensioning forces, the method further includes: Controlling the tensioning of the sample prestressed anchor cable to a preset tensioning force; After a preset time period, the sample prestressed anchor cable is controlled to be unloaded to a stress-free state.
7. The method for detecting the tension force of a prestressed anchor cable according to claim 1, wherein: The structural type of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested includes one of the following or any combination thereof: Rebar, stranded steel wire, parallel steel wire.
8. A prestressed anchor cable tension force detection device, characterized in that: The prestressed anchor cable tension force detection device includes a signal sending device and a signal receiving device, and the signal sending device and the signal receiving device are arranged at the same end of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; The prestressed anchor cable tension force detection device further includes: an acquisition module, a first determination module, a control module, a second determination module and a third determination module; The acquisition module is used to obtain a characteristic curve for characterizing the corresponding relationship between tension and signal characteristic values, wherein the characteristic curve is obtained by applying different tensions to the sample prestressed anchor cable step by step to obtain signal characteristic values corresponding to different tensions, and the characteristic curve varies according to different specification parameters of the sample prestressed anchor cable; The first determining module is used to determine the specification parameters of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested, and determine a target characteristic curve matching the specification parameters from the characteristic curve; The control module is used to control the signal sending device to send a first characteristic signal, and obtain a second characteristic signal received by the signal receiving device, wherein the second characteristic signal is a reflection signal of the first characteristic signal at the anchoring section of the prestressed anchor cable to be tested; The second determining module is used to determine the target signal characteristic value according to the second characteristic signal; The third determination module is used to determine the target tension force corresponding to the target signal characteristic value according to the target characteristic curve.