System and method for testing wear resistance of high-speed rotating impeller under particle action condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for testing wear resistance of a high-speed rotating impeller under a particle action condition. Comprising a debugging engine, an engine driving module, an engine operation auxiliary system, a data acquisition system, an ash adding device, an air filter prefilter, an engine interstage intercooler, a low-pressure-stage supercharger, an engine secondary intercooler, a high-pressure-stage supercharger, a high-pressure state filter, an engine dynamometer, a temperature and pressure testing system and a connecting pipeline. The test method provided by the invention is based on the test system, and is a performance assessment method for quantitatively analyzing and researching the wear-resistant characteristics and capability of the high-pressure-stage and low-pressure-stage impellers of the engine supercharger under the condition of specific particle dust load.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of engine air intake filtration, and in particular relates to a test system and method for wear resistance under the action of high-speed rotating impeller particles. Background Art

[0002] During the design and development of heavy-duty vehicles, the volume of the integrated power unit directly determines the system's power density. In integrated power units, the air filter, a key component, has a significant impact on the power unit's power density. Traditional filters, located at the front end of the engine supercharger, filter air at ambient temperature and pressure, resulting in a relatively large volume. A typical feature of new, high-power-density powertrains is the shift to a distributed air filter. The pre-filter, located at the front end of the engine supercharger's air intake, operates in a normal-pressure environment and effectively pre-filters dust and impurities from the intake air, ensuring reliable supercharger operation. The fine filter, designed to withstand the high temperatures and pressures of post-supercharging conditions, operates at the rear end of the supercharger. Operating in this high-pressure, high-temperature environment, the volumetric flow rate of compressed air decreases at the same mass flow rate, resulting in a corresponding reduction in the fine filter's volume. Consequently, this compact, high-pressure air filter, designed for high-temperature and high-pressure applications, can reduce filter size and improve power system power density.

[0003] However, the performance of an engine equipped with a distributed compact air filter is different from that of an engine equipped with a traditional air filter, especially since only a pre-filter of the air filter is arranged in front of the high- and low-pressure stage superchargers of the engine. The sand and dust particle size after the pre-filter and the sand and dust distribution after the fine filter are very different in concentration and particle size. The wear boundaries faced by the impellers of the high- and low-pressure stage superchargers of the engine have undergone essential changes. A test is needed to verify whether the wear resistance of the impellers of the high- and low-pressure stage superchargers under this new and complex working condition can meet the actual engineering needs. This test must first simulate the actual working conditions and sand and dust input environment, and then accurately obtain the engine working condition and impeller wear conditions.

[0004] The present invention is a method for obtaining the characteristics and performance changes of key engine components in an ambient dust environment under the application conditions of a distributed compact air filter. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: based on the basic theory of the gas state equation, a distributed air filter is developed. The distributed air filter is assembled on the engine to form a powertrain with high power density characteristics, but the impact of the new intake system on the key components of the engine, especially the high and low pressure stage supercharger impellers, cannot be quantitatively obtained and qualitatively analyzed.

[0006] The present invention is based on the engine performance calibration bench test conditions. On an engine that is fully or partially equipped with a distributed compact air filter, the engine is operated in a variable power mode under the constraint that ash is added at the front air pre-filter end or dust of a specific particle size is prepared and directly supplied to the supercharger intake port. The method measures the geometric characteristics and performance status of the high and low pressure stage intercooler impellers of the engine under the state of a new intake system, and at the same time, can obtain characteristics such as the engine operating status, cooling system performance, filter filtration efficiency, and intercooler passing capacity.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a test system and method for wear resistance under conditions of high-speed rotating impeller particle action. The test system includes: a debugging engine, an engine drive module, an engine operation auxiliary system (including a fuel supply system, a heat dissipation module, and a smoke exhaust system, the same below), a data acquisition system, an ash adding device, an air filter pre-filter (which needs to be removed under specific particle acquisition conditions), an engine interstage intercooler and a low-pressure stage supercharger, an engine secondary intercooler and a high-pressure stage supercharger, a high-pressure state filter, an engine dynamometer, a temperature and pressure test system, and connecting pipelines;

[0008] Among them, the intake system consists of an air filter pre-filter (which can be removed and particles can be directly supplied under specific particle diameter requirements), an engine interstage intercooler and a low-pressure stage supercharger, an engine secondary intercooler and a high-pressure stage supercharger, and a high-pressure state filter. Under the action of the ash adding device, the intake system mixes the test dust in the engine intake air. The power output characteristics tested by the engine dynamometer and the heat dissipation characteristics and flow resistance characteristics tested by the temperature and pressure test system and the connecting pipeline show different characteristics and the wear state of the engine interstage intercooler and the low-pressure stage supercharger and the engine secondary intercooler and the high-pressure stage supercharger under the particle wear state, so as to obtain the wear resistance of the high-speed rotating impeller under the action of particles of different diameters.

[0009] The engine drive module is a functional system integration that debugs engine start-up, maintains operation, controls operating status, and stops operation.

[0010] The engine operation auxiliary system is a necessary condition to ensure the operation of the debugged engine, including but not limited to fuel supply adjustment, heating, lubricating oil supply adjustment, system heat dissipation control adjustment, exhaust gas discharge, system support, hoisting and other functions.

[0011] The data acquisition system is a system that includes but is not limited to obtaining information data from the temperature and pressure test system and connecting pipelines characterized by various types of sensors. The system is a collection of functions including but not limited to connecting cables, signal conversion devices, data storage, processing, etc. The functions are but not limited to summarizing and organizing the measured physical information such as temperature, pressure, vibration, flow, etc. of the test points and providing it to the test system controller.

[0012] The dust adding device is a dust environment application device, which is mainly used for air filter performance test and engine environmental adaptability test. Its function is to create a continuous dust environment input of a certain concentration for the test. The system mainly includes but is not limited to compressed air, dust barrel, dust spraying nozzle, timing device and dust adding control system.

[0013] The air filter pre-filter is a gas-solid separation device. Dust-laden gas passes through the air filter pre-filter's air intake hood or directly into the pre-filter's air intake end face, where it is separated by the pre-filter's internal inertial separation device. The separated large-diameter dust and impurities are removed by the dust extraction device (structure). The air containing small dust particles after initial separation enters the engine interstage intercooler and the low-pressure stage supercharger inlet directly. The air filter pre-filter has a filtration efficiency between 90% and 99.8%. In this test method, the dust particle diameter range that needs to be evaluated for wear has been determined before the supercharger inlet, and this type of dust has been prepared or purchased. Therefore, the air filter pre-filter can be omitted. Instead, a dust feeding device is added before the supercharger inlet. Dust is sprayed into the inlet according to the flow concentration requirements. When feeding dust, the environment must be dry and free of crosswind interference.

[0014] The high-pressure filter consists of a fine filter housing, cover, filter element, air outlet, and seals. Dust-laden air passes through the two-stage turbocharger and intercooler grille before entering the outer surface of the filter element, where it is intercepted by the filter element, preventing any contaminants from entering the engine intake manifold and protecting the engine piston rings and cylinder liners from wear. In this test method, the high-pressure filter is a protective device.

[0015] Specifically, the engine operation dynamometer test system constructed based on but not limited to the above parts performs continuous operation of the engine in multiple states in an environment that meets safety and engine environmental test requirements. When the engine is matched with a distributed air filter, it has the conditions for intake testing in an environment with a certain dust concentration. The engine is kept running continuously under different intake environments to obtain the pressure drop and temperature data of the air filter pre-filter, engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage turbocharger, engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage turbocharger, and high-pressure state filter interstage intercooler before and after a period of time under the action of dust, as well as the exhaust temperature and power output data of the engine. In this way, the pressure drop data of each key component working in a certain intake air concentration environment matched with a special distributed air filter, the heat dissipation capacity data of the heat dissipation components, the influence of the engine power and the exhaust temperature state changes can be analyzed. More importantly, the wear state and wear resistance of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage turbocharger and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage turbocharger under specific dust conditions can be obtained.

[0016] The test method for wear resistance under the conditions of high-speed rotating impeller particles includes but is not limited to the following processes or steps:

[0017] The first step is to prepare the hardware conditions, including the test pieces, test equipment, sensors, test instruments, test fixtures, etc.

[0018] The second step is to connect the test system, fix the engine, ensure the connection of conditions required for normal operation of the engine, including but not limited to auxiliary operating conditions such as oil, water, intake and exhaust, starting, heating, cooling, etc., arrange sensors, arrange temperature and pressure test system and connecting pipes, connect data acquisition system, and arrange air filter pre-filter or ash adding device at the air inlet of low-pressure stage turbocharger of the engine;

[0019] The third step is to debug the test system for normal operation and carry out the test. During the test, the input parameters such as engine power and ash concentration of the ash adding device can be adjusted. During the different cumulative times of the ash adding process, the performance changes of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage turbocharger and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage turbocharger can be obtained. Finally, the wear resistance characteristics of the high-pressure and low-pressure stage turbocharger impellers under specific working conditions and dust particle size and concentration can be tested.

[0020] Specifically, this test method is a test method whose main goal is to obtain the performance characteristics and data changes of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage turbocharger and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage turbocharger under specific operating conditions and dust particle size and concentration.

[0021] Specifically, this test method controls the engine's power, intake dust concentration and other working environments through the ash adding device and the engine drive module to change the stable operating state, realize the performance changes of the engine and the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger under different working conditions, and obtain the laws of environmental changes and key component characteristics and performance changes.

[0022] Specifically, this test method arranges the air filter pre-filter, engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger, engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger, and high-pressure state filter in series as the engine's intake system. Under conditions of different power requirements and ash concentrations, the key components of the intake series system interact with each other and their performance affects each other. The test method claimed in this claim is a key test method for obtaining the effects of the mutual influence between the components.

[0023] Specifically, this test method uses pressure drop changes to characterize changes in aerodynamic resistance of each component, uses temperature changes to characterize changes in heat dissipation capacity, uses changes in the mass of the air filter element in the high-pressure state filter to characterize the filtration efficiency of the filter component before the high-pressure state filter, and the wear of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger impellers are characterized by regular photography, dimensional measurement and weighing.

[0024] Specifically, the test equipment, sensors, measuring tools, etc. used in the test process are all calibrated to meet the test data accuracy requirements.

[0025] Beneficial effects

[0026] 1. Compared with the existing technology, the test system and method for wear resistance under the conditions of high-speed rotating impeller particles provided by the present invention is a test method based on an engine performance test bench matched with a new distributed compact air filter to explore the characteristics and performance changes of the engine supercharger impeller under the new air filter state. By utilizing existing test conditions, it solves the problem of testing the impact of the application of new air filters on the performance of superchargers, intercoolers and engine power output, exhaust temperature, etc.

[0027] 2. The present invention solves the problem that the state of the key components of the engine and the performance of the whole machine cannot be scientifically obtained when assembling a new air filter in the ash-filled state.

[0028] 3. The present invention is equipped with a powertrain with a distributed high-pressure air filter, which solves the problem that the traditional air filter is too large to be arranged in the limited space of the intake system of heavy vehicles.

[0029] 4. The air filter test bench cannot effectively provide filter element working conditions with a controllable pressure range of 3 to 8 bar and a temperature range of 80-120°C for a long time. Through the present invention, the test conditions can be achieved for engine operation. The characteristics and working characteristics of the engine, especially the high and low pressure stage supercharger impellers, can be tested through the test system to achieve the purpose of scientifically evaluating the tolerance characteristics of the new air filter post-supercharger impeller. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 This is the layout diagram of the test bench;

[0031] Figure 2 This is the gray schematic diagram;

[0032] Figure 3 Build a system diagram for the test bench. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to make the purpose, content, and advantages of the present invention more clear, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0034] The present invention provides a test system and method for wear resistance under the condition of high-speed rotating impeller particles. The test method is implemented based on an engine performance joint test bench equipped with a high-pressure state filter. Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the test bench (i.e., the test system) includes: a debugging engine 1, an engine drive module 2, an engine operation auxiliary system (including a fuel supply system, a heat dissipation module, and a smoke exhaust system, the same below) 3, a data acquisition system 4, an ash adding device 5, an air filter pre-filter (which needs to be removed under specific particle acquisition conditions) 6, an engine interstage intercooler and a low-pressure stage supercharger 7, an engine secondary intercooler and a high-pressure stage supercharger 8, a high-pressure state filter 9, an engine dynamometer 10, a temperature and pressure test system, and connecting pipes 11;

[0035] Among them, the engine 1 and the high- and low-pressure stage superchargers 78 are the core components being tested, and its intake system consists of an air filter pre-filter (which can be removed under specific particle diameter requirements and directly supply particles) 6, an engine interstage intercooler and a low-pressure stage supercharger 7, an engine secondary intercooler and a high-pressure stage supercharger 8, and a high-pressure state filter 9. Under the action of the ash adding device 5, the special intake system causes the engine 1 intake air to be mixed with test dust. The power output characteristics tested by the engine dynamometer 10 and the heat dissipation characteristics and flow resistance characteristics tested by the temperature and pressure test system and the connecting pipeline 11 show different characteristics and the wear state of the engine interstage intercooler and the low-pressure stage supercharger 7 and the engine secondary intercooler and the high-pressure stage supercharger 8 under the particle wear state. The protection focus of the present invention is on the methods and conditions for discovering such different characteristics and states.

[0036] The engine drive module 2 is a functional system integration for debugging the engine 1 to start, maintain operation, control the operating state, and stop operation.

[0037] The engine operation auxiliary system 3 is a necessary condition to ensure the operation of the debugging engine 1, including but not limited to fuel supply adjustment, heating, lubricating oil supply adjustment, system heat dissipation control adjustment, exhaust gas discharge, system support, lifting and other functions.

[0038] The data acquisition system 4 is a system that includes but is not limited to obtaining information data from the temperature and pressure test system and the connecting pipeline 11 characterized by various types of sensors. The system is a collection of functions such as but not limited to connecting cables, signal conversion devices, data storage, and processing. The functions are but not limited to summarizing and organizing the measured physical information such as temperature, pressure, vibration, flow, etc. of the test points and providing it to the test system control personnel.

[0039] The dust adding device 5 is a dust environment applying device, which is mainly used for air filter performance test and engine environment adaptability test, etc. Figure 2 As shown, its function is to create a continuous dust environment input of a certain concentration for the test. The system mainly includes but is not limited to compressed air, dust barrel, dust spraying nozzle, timing device and dust adding control system.

[0040] The air filter pre-filter 6 is a gas-solid separation device. The dust-laden gas passes through the air intake hood configured for the air filter pre-filter 6 or directly enters the air intake end face of the air filter pre-filter 6. It is separated by the inertial separation device inside the pre-filter. The separated large-diameter dust and impurities are extracted by the dust extraction device (structure). The air containing small-particle dust after preliminary separation directly enters the engine interstage intercooler and the low-pressure stage supercharger 7 inlet. The filtration efficiency of the air filter pre-filter 6 is between 90% and 99.8%. In this test method, the dust particle diameter range that needs to be evaluated for wear has been determined before the supercharger inlet, and this type of dust has been prepared or purchased. The air filter pre-filter 6 can be omitted. The bracket adds an ash adding device 5 before the supercharger inlet. Dust can be sprayed into the air inlet according to the flow concentration requirements. When feeding dust, it is necessary to ensure that the feeding environment is dry and free of crosswind interference.

[0041] The high-pressure filter 9 consists of a fine filter housing, a cover plate, a filter element, an air outlet, and a seal. Dust-laden air passes through the two-stage supercharger and the intercooler grille before entering the outer surface of the filter element. This air is intercepted by the filter element, preventing any contaminants from entering the engine intake manifold and protecting the engine piston rings and cylinder liners from wear. In this test method, the high-pressure filter 9 is a protective device.

[0042] Specifically, the engine operation dynamometer test system constructed based on but not limited to the above parts performs multi-state continuous operation of the engine 1 in an environment that meets safety and engine environmental test requirements. When the engine 1 is matched with a distributed air filter, it meets the conditions for intake testing in an environment with a certain dust concentration. The engine 1 is kept running continuously under different intake environments to obtain the pressure drop and temperature data of the air filter pre-filter 6, the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage turbocharger 7, the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage turbocharger 8, and the high-pressure state filter 9 at the measurement points before and after the interstage intercooler over a period of time under the action of dust, as well as the exhaust gas temperature and power output data of the engine 1. In this way, the pressure drop data of each key component working under a certain intake air concentration environment matched with the special distributed air filter, the heat dissipation capacity data of the heat dissipation components, the influence of the engine power and the exhaust temperature state change can be analyzed. More importantly, the wear state and wear resistance performance of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage turbocharger 7 and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage turbocharger 8 under specific dust conditions can be obtained.

[0043] The test system and method for the wear resistance of a high-speed rotating impeller under the action of particles include but are not limited to the following processes or steps: a first step, preparing hardware conditions, including the test piece, test equipment, sensors, test instruments, test fixtures, etc. required for the test; a second step, connecting the test system, fixing the engine 1, ensuring that the conditions required for normal operation of the engine 1 are connected, including but not limited to auxiliary operating conditions such as oil, water, intake and exhaust, starting, heating, and cooling, arranging sensors, arranging the temperature and pressure test system and connecting pipes 11, connecting the data acquisition system, and arranging an air filter pre-filter 6 or an ash adding device 5 at the air inlet of the low-pressure stage supercharger of the engine 1; a third step, debugging the test system for normal operation and conducting the test. During the test, input parameters such as the power of the engine 1 and the ash concentration of the ash adding device 5 can be adjusted. During different cumulative times of the ash adding process, performance changes of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger 7 and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger 8 are obtained, and finally the wear resistance characteristics of the high-pressure and low-pressure stage supercharger impellers under specific operating conditions and dust particle size and concentration are achieved.

[0044] The test method of the present invention is a test method whose main goal is to obtain the performance characteristics and data changes of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger 7 and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger 8 under specific working conditions and dust particle size and concentration.

[0045] The test method of the present invention controls the engine power, intake dust concentration and other working environments through the ash adding device 5 and the engine drive module 2 to change the stable operating state, realize the performance changes of the engine 1 and the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger 7 and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger 8 under different working conditions, and obtain the laws of environmental changes and key component characteristics and performance changes.

[0046] The test method of the present invention arranges the air filter pre-filter 6, the engine interstage intercooler and the low-pressure stage supercharger 7, the engine secondary intercooler and the high-pressure stage supercharger 8, and the high-pressure state filter 9 in series as the intake system of the engine 1. Under the conditions of different power requirements and ash concentrations, the key components of the intake series system interact with each other and their performances affect each other. The test method claimed in this claim is a key test method for obtaining the effects of the mutual influence between the components.

[0047] The test method of the present invention uses pressure drop changes to characterize changes in aerodynamic resistance of each component, uses temperature changes to characterize changes in heat dissipation capacity, uses changes in the mass of the air filter element in the high-pressure state filter 9 to characterize the filtration efficiency of the filter component before the high-pressure state filter 9, and the wear of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger 7 and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger 8 impellers is characterized by regular photography, dimensional measurement and weighing.

[0048] The test equipment, sensors, measuring tools, etc. used in the test process of the present invention are all calibrated to meet the test data accuracy requirements.

[0049] In summary, the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A test system for wear resistance under conditions of high-speed rotating impeller particles, characterized in that: include: Debugging the engine (1), engine drive module (2), engine operation auxiliary system (3), data acquisition system (4), ash adding device (5), air filter pre-filter (6), engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger (7), engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger (8), high-pressure state filter (9), engine dynamometer (10), temperature and pressure test system and connecting pipelines (11); The air intake system is composed of an air filter pre-filter (6), an engine interstage intercooler and a low-pressure stage supercharger (7), an engine secondary intercooler and a high-pressure stage supercharger (8), and a high-pressure state filter (9). Under the action of the ash adding device (5), the air intake system allows the test dust to be mixed in the intake air of the engine (1). The power output characteristics tested by the engine dynamometer (10) and the heat dissipation characteristics and flow resistance characteristics tested by the temperature and pressure test system and the connecting pipeline (11) show different characteristics and the wear state of the engine interstage intercooler and the low-pressure stage supercharger (7) and the engine secondary intercooler and the high-pressure stage supercharger (8) under the particle wear state, so as to obtain the wear resistance of the high-speed rotating impeller under the action conditions of particles of different diameters.

2. The test system according to claim 1, wherein: The engine drive module (2) is a functional system integration for debugging the engine (1) to start, maintain operation, control the operation state, and stop operation; The engine operation auxiliary system (3) is a necessary condition for ensuring the operation of the debugged engine (1), including but not limited to fuel supply adjustment, heating, lubricating oil supply adjustment, system heat dissipation control adjustment, exhaust gas discharge, system support, and hoisting functions; The data acquisition system (4) is a system that includes but is not limited to obtaining information data from a temperature and pressure test system characterized by various types of sensors and a connecting pipeline (11). The data acquisition system (4) is a collection of functions including but not limited to connecting cables, signal conversion devices, data storage, processing, etc. The functions include but are not limited to summarizing and organizing the physical information of the temperature, pressure, vibration, and flow of the test points measured and providing the information to the test system control personnel.

3. The test system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The dust adding device (5) is a dust environment applying device used for air filter performance test and engine environment adaptability test. Its function is to create a continuous dust environment input of a certain concentration for the test. The system mainly includes but is not limited to compressed air, dust barrel, dust spraying nozzle, timing device and dust adding control system.

4. The test system according to claim 1, wherein: The high-pressure state filter (9) is composed of a fine filter housing, a cover plate, a filter element, an air outlet and a seal. Dust-laden air passes through a two-stage supercharger and an intercooler grille and enters the outer surface of the filter element, where it is intercepted by the filter element, preventing any pollutants from entering the engine intake manifold and protecting the engine piston ring and cylinder liner from wear. In this test method, the high-pressure state filter (9) is a protective device.

5. The test system according to claim 1, wherein: For the dust particle diameter range that has been determined to require assessment of the degree of wear, this type of dust can be prepared or purchased, and the air filter pre-filter (6) is not installed. The bracket adds an ash adding device (5) in front of the supercharger air inlet, and the dust is sprayed into the air inlet according to the flow concentration requirements. When feeding the dust, it is necessary to ensure that the feeding environment is dry and there is no crosswind interference.

6. A method for testing the wear resistance of the system according to claim 1 under conditions of high-speed rotating impeller particles, comprising the following steps: The first step is to prepare the hardware conditions, including the test pieces, test equipment, sensors, test instruments, and test fixtures required for the test; The second step is to connect the test system, fix the engine (1), ensure that the conditions required for the normal operation of the engine (1) are connected, including but not limited to oil, water, air intake and exhaust, starting, heating, cooling auxiliary operating conditions, arrange sensors, arrange temperature and pressure test system and connecting pipelines (11), connect the data acquisition system, and arrange air filter pre-filter (6) or ash adding device (5) at the low-pressure stage supercharger air inlet of the engine (1); The third step is to debug the test system to ensure normal operation and conduct the test. During the test, the input parameters such as the engine (1) power and the ash adding concentration of the ash adding device (5) can be adjusted. During the different cumulative times of the ash adding process, the performance changes of the engine interstage intercooler and low-pressure stage supercharger (7) and the engine secondary intercooler and high-pressure stage supercharger (8) are obtained, and finally the wear resistance characteristics of the high-pressure stage and low-pressure stage supercharger impellers under specific working conditions and dust particle size and concentration are tested.

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