Energy storage system, thermal management method, electronic device and computer program product

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy storage system, a thermal management method, an electronic device and a computer program product. The energy storage system comprises an energy storage device, a cooling device and a management device. The energy storage device includes a battery cell. The cooling device comprises a storage part, a driving part, a battery cold plate, an electromagnetic valve and a heat exchange assembly. The storage part is used for storing a cooling medium. The driving part is connected with the storage part and drives the cooling medium to flow in the cooling device. The battery cold plate dissipates heat for the battery units, and the electromagnetic valve is arranged at an inlet of the battery cold plate and controls the flow of an input cooling medium. The heat exchange assembly is connected with the outlet of the battery cold plate and the storage part, exchanges heat for the cooling medium flowing out of the battery cold plate and conveys the cooling medium to the storage part. And the management device is connected with the electromagnetic valve and the energy storage device, starts a thermal management function under the condition that the average temperature Tavg, all of the battery units is greater than or equal to the preset set temperature Tset, and controls the opening degree of the electromagnetic valve connected with the battery cold plate according to the actual temperature Ti and the preset target temperature Ttarget.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to an energy storage system, a thermal management method for an energy storage system, an electronic device, and a computer program product. Background Art

[0002] High-capacity energy storage systems utilize large-capacity battery cells, which are densely packed together, increasing the risk and potential hazards of thermal runaway. A key cause of performance degradation and even safety incidents in high-capacity energy storage systems is an inadequately designed thermal management system. Traditional air cooling technology suffers from low heat dissipation efficiency, while traditional liquid cooling systems carry the risk of leakage. Phase change cooling technology, which uses a highly insulating refrigerant as the cooling medium, offers advantages such as high heat dissipation efficiency and zero leakage risk, making it ideally suited for high-capacity energy storage systems.

[0003] However, the use of phase-change liquid cooling technology makes it more difficult to uniformly control the temperature between battery cells in an energy storage system. When using a pump-driven phase-change thermal management system, the maximum temperature difference between battery cells is primarily affected by the flow distribution of the cooling medium between the battery cold plates and the temperature difference of the medium flow within the battery cold plates. The industry lacks a corresponding technical solution to address this issue of temperature uniformity in cooling systems, which reduces the safety of energy storage systems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present application discloses an energy storage system, a thermal management method for the energy storage system, an electronic device, and a computer program product.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an energy storage system, comprising an energy storage device, a cooling device, and a management device. The energy storage device comprises a battery cell. The cooling device comprises a storage element, a driving element, a battery cold plate corresponding to the battery cell, a solenoid valve, and a heat exchange assembly. The storage element is configured to store a cooling medium. The driving element is connected to the storage element and configured to drive the cooling medium to flow in the cooling device. The battery cold plate is configured to dissipate heat to the corresponding battery cell. A solenoid valve is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate and the driving element, and the solenoid valve is configured to control the flow rate of the cooling medium at the inlet of the battery cold plate. The heat exchange assembly is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate and the storage element, and is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the battery cold plate outlet and transport it to the storage element. The management device is connected to both the solenoid valve and the energy storage device, and is configured to obtain the actual temperature T of each battery cell when the energy storage system is in operation. i and the average temperature T of all the battery cells avg,all At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T setIn the case of the actual temperature T, the thermal management function of the management device is started, and the thermal management function includes controlling the opening of the solenoid valve; and i And the preset target temperature T target Controlling the opening of the solenoid valve connected to the battery cold plate.

[0006] In some embodiments, each battery cell is provided with a temperature collector. When the energy storage system is in operation, the temperature collector is configured to collect the corresponding actual temperature T i The management device is further configured to obtain the actual temperature T from the temperature collector. i According to the actual temperature T of all the battery cells i Calculate the average temperature T avg,all .

[0007] In some embodiments, the management device is further configured to: i , the target temperature T target , preset static coefficient K p And the preset dynamic coefficient K i The opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve is obtained.

[0008] In certain embodiments, the energy storage device further includes a power conversion system (PCS) unit, and the cooling device further includes a PCS cold plate, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow meter. The PCS cold plate is arranged between the driver and the battery cell, the PCS cold plate corresponds to the PCS unit, and is configured to dissipate heat for the PCS unit. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are arranged between the PCS cold plate and the battery cold plate, and the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and the medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate. The flow meter is arranged at the outlet of the driver and is configured to collect the medium flow m of the cooling medium at the outlet of the driver. The management device is configured to obtain the state parameters of the battery cell, and the management device is further configured to: obtain the state parameters of the battery cell; obtain the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate according to the medium pressure P, the medium flow m, and the state parameters; and obtain the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate according to the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, and the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The rotational speed n of the drive member is controlled.

[0009] In some embodiments, the management device is further configured to: when the medium temperature T is less than a preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , and the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x set In the case where the driving member speed n is reduced; when the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case of the drive member, the rotation speed n remains unchanged; and when the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the driving member rotation speed n increases.

[0010] In certain embodiments, the PCS unit is disposed at the bottom of the battery unit, and the storage element, the driving element, and the heat exchange component are disposed at the top of the battery unit.

[0011] In some embodiments, the cooling device further includes a heat exchange component. The heat exchange component is connected to the battery cold plate outlet and the storage component, and the heat exchange component is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the battery cold plate outlet, and to transport the cooling medium that has completed heat exchange to the storage component. The heat exchange component has multiple working modes. The management device is also configured to: obtain the ambient temperature and the state parameters of the battery unit; obtain the heat load of the energy storage device based on the state parameters; and control the working mode of the heat exchange component based on the ambient temperature, the preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device, and the preset heat load threshold.

[0012] In certain embodiments, the heat exchange assembly includes a first heat exchange unit, a second heat exchange unit, a first three-way valve, and a second three-way valve. The first and second heat exchange units are connected in parallel, with one end connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate via the first three-way valve, and the other end connected to the storage element via the second three-way valve. The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit is greater than the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange unit. The management device is further configured to: when the ambient temperature is greater than the ambient temperature threshold, or the heat load of the energy storage device is greater than the heat load threshold, control the heat exchange assembly to operate in a first mode, in which the cooling medium in the battery cold plate passes through the first heat exchange unit to reach the storage element. When the ambient temperature is less than the ambient temperature threshold, and the heat load of the energy storage device is less than the heat load threshold, control the heat exchange assembly to operate in a second mode, in which the cooling medium in the battery cold plate passes through the second heat exchange unit to reach the storage element.

[0013] In certain embodiments, the first three-way valve includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The first interface is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate, the second interface is connected to the first heat exchange unit, and the third interface is connected to the second heat exchange unit. The second three-way valve includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange unit, the second port is connected to the storage element, and the third port is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange unit. In the first mode, the first interface is connected to the second interface and is blocked from the third interface, and the second port is connected to the third port and is blocked from the first port. In the second mode, the first interface is connected to the third interface and is blocked from the second interface; the second port is connected to the first port and is blocked from the third port.

[0014] In a second aspect, the present application provides a thermal management method for an energy storage system described in any one of the above embodiments. The energy storage system includes an energy storage device, a cooling device and a management device. The energy storage device includes a battery cell. The cooling device includes a storage component, a driving component, a battery cold plate corresponding to the battery cell and a solenoid valve. The battery cold plate is configured to dissipate heat to the corresponding battery cell, and a solenoid valve is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate and the driving component. The solenoid valve is configured to control the flow of the cooling medium at the inlet of the battery cold plate. The management device is connected to both the solenoid valve and the energy storage device. The thermal management method includes: when the energy storage system is in working state, obtaining the actual temperature T of each battery cell i and the average temperature T of all the battery cells avg,all At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of the actual temperature T, the thermal management function of the management device is started, and the thermal management function includes controlling the opening of the solenoid valve; i And the preset target temperature T target Control the opening of the solenoid valve connected to the battery cold plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, each battery cell is provided with a temperature collector. When the energy storage system is in operation, the actual temperature T of each battery cell is obtained. i and the average temperature T of all the battery cells avg,all , including: obtaining the actual temperature T of the corresponding battery cell collected by each temperature collector i According to the actual temperature T of all the battery cells iCalculate the average temperature T avg,all .

[0016] In certain embodiments, according to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target Controlling the opening of the solenoid valve connected to the battery cold plate includes adjusting the opening of the solenoid valve according to the actual temperature T i , the target temperature T target , preset static coefficient K p And the preset dynamic coefficient K i The opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve is obtained.

[0017] In certain embodiments, the thermal management method further comprises: avg,all Less than the set temperature T set In this case, the thermal management function of the thermal management device is not started.

[0018] In certain embodiments, the thermal management method further includes controlling the rotational speed of the driving member. The energy storage device further includes a PCS unit, and the cooling device further includes a PCS cold plate, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and a flow meter. The PCS cold plate is disposed between the battery cold plate and the driving member, and is configured to dissipate heat from the PCS unit. The temperature sensor and the pressure sensor are disposed between the PCS cold plate and the battery cold plate, and are respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and the medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate. The flow meter is disposed at the outlet of the driving member, and is configured to collect the medium flow m of the cooling medium at the outlet of the driving member. The management device is configured to obtain the state parameters of the battery cell. The thermal management method further includes: obtaining the state parameters of the battery cell; obtaining the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate according to the medium pressure P, the medium flow m, and the state parameters; and obtaining the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate according to the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, and a preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The rotational speed n of the drive member is controlled.

[0019] In some embodiments, the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p And the preset dryness threshold control x set The speed of the driving member includes: when the medium temperature T is less than a preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , and the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x setIn the case where the driving member speed n is reduced; when the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case where the speed n of the driving member remains unchanged; when the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the driving member rotation speed n increases.

[0020] In some embodiments, the cooling device further includes a heat exchange component. The heat exchange component is connected to the battery cold plate outlet and the storage component. The heat exchange component is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the battery cold plate outlet, and to transport the cooling medium that has completed heat exchange to the storage component. The heat exchange component has multiple working modes. The management device is also configured to obtain the state parameters of the battery cell. The thermal management method further includes: obtaining the ambient temperature and the state parameters of the battery cell. Obtaining the heat load of the energy storage device based on the state parameters. The working mode of the heat exchange component is controlled based on the ambient temperature, a preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device, and a preset heat load threshold.

[0021] In certain embodiments, the heat exchange assembly includes a first heat exchange unit, a second heat exchange unit, a first three-way valve, and a second three-way valve. The first and second heat exchange units, when connected in parallel, have one end connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate via the first three-way valve, and the other end connected to the storage element via the second three-way valve. The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit is greater than that of the second heat exchange unit. The management device controls the operating mode of the heat exchange assembly based on the ambient temperature, a preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device, and a preset heat load threshold, including: when the ambient temperature is greater than the ambient temperature threshold or the heat load of the energy storage device is greater than the heat load threshold, controlling the heat exchange assembly to operate in a first mode. In the first mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate passes through the first heat exchange unit to reach the storage element; and when the ambient temperature is less than the ambient temperature threshold and the heat load of the energy storage device is less than the heat load threshold, controlling the heat exchange assembly to operate in a second mode. In the second mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate passes through the second heat exchange unit to reach the storage element.

[0022] In certain embodiments, the first three-way valve includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface. The first interface is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate. The second interface is connected to the first heat exchange unit. The third interface is connected to the second heat exchange unit. The second three-way valve includes a first port, a second port, and a third port. The first port is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange unit. The second port is connected to the storage element. The third port is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange unit. In the first mode, the first interface is connected to the second interface and blocked from the third interface. The second port is connected to the third port and blocked from the first port. In the second mode, the first interface is connected to the third interface and blocked from the second interface. The second port is connected to the first port and blocked from the third port.

[0023] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising one or more processors and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the steps in the method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, comprising a computer program, which implements the steps of the method described in any of the above embodiments when the computer program is executed by a processor.

[0025] In the energy storage system, the thermal management method of the energy storage system, the electronic device and the computer program product of the present application, the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In this case, the management device determines that there is a safety risk in the energy storage system and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device to evenly dissipate heat for the energy storage device. Specifically, the management device adjusts the cooling device according to the temperature T of each battery cell. i and target temperature T target Control the opening of the solenoid valve corresponding to the battery cell so that the actual temperature T i Approaching target temperature T target At this time, the temperature distribution in the energy storage device is uniform, and the cooling device has the effect of uniformly cooling the energy storage device, solving the temperature uniformity problem of the cooling device and improving the safety of the energy storage system.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become obvious from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiment below. The accompanying drawings are for illustration purposes only and are not to be considered as limiting the present application. The same reference numerals are used throughout the drawings to represent the same components. In the drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 is a schematic flow chart of a thermal management method according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0029] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0030] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0031] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an energy storage system according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of signal transmission between a management device, a cooling device, and an energy storage device of an energy storage system in some embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to some embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the connection status of a computer program product and a processor in some embodiments of the present application.

[0035] The accompanying drawings in the specific implementation manner are as follows:

[0036] Energy storage system 10; energy storage device 11; battery cell 111; PCS unit 113; cooling device 13; storage element 131; driving element 132; battery cold plate 133; solenoid valve 134; heat exchange assembly 135; first heat exchange unit 1351; heat exchanger 13511; compressor 13513; condenser 13515; expansion valve 13517; second heat exchange unit 1353; first three-way valve 1355; second three-way valve 1357; PCS cold plate 136; temperature sensor 137; pressure sensor 138; flow meter 139; management device 15; electronic device 100; processor 50; memory 70; computer program product 200; computer program 202. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In the description of this application, some of the disclosed contents are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The contents described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative and are only used to explain this application, and are not to be construed as limiting this application.

[0038] In the description of the present application, many different contents or examples are disclosed to implement different structures of the present application. In order to simplify the disclosure of the present application, the components and settings of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are only examples and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0039] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms used to indicate orientation or positional relationships (such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc.) are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and facilitating the understanding of the corresponding implementation methods, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to indicate orientation or positional relationships cannot be understood as limiting this application.

[0041] In the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features being in contact not directly but through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "above," and "above" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below," "below," and "below" a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0042] To adapt to practical applications and reduce application costs, energy storage systems are continuously increasing the capacity of the battery cells used for energy storage. Consequently, the battery cells in existing high-capacity energy storage systems are often densely arranged, increasing the risk and harm of thermal runaway. A major cause of performance degradation and even safety incidents in high-capacity energy storage systems is an inadequately designed thermal management system. Among existing heat dissipation methods for high-capacity energy storage systems, traditional air cooling technology has low heat dissipation efficiency, while traditional liquid cooling systems pose a risk of leakage. Phase change cooling technology, which uses a highly insulating refrigerant as a cooling medium, is well-suited for heat dissipation in high-capacity energy storage systems due to its high heat dissipation efficiency and lack of leakage risk.

[0043] However, it is more difficult to uniformly control the temperature between battery cells in the energy storage system after adopting phase change liquid cooling technology. When using an energy storage pump to drive a phase change thermal management system, the maximum temperature difference between battery cells is mainly affected by the flow distribution of the cooling medium between the battery cold plates and the temperature difference of the medium flow within the battery cold plates. In this regard, there is no corresponding technical solution in the industry to solve the temperature uniformity problem of the cooling system, which reduces the safety of the energy storage system. In order to solve this problem, the present application provides an energy storage system ( Figure 2 、 Figure 3 or Figure 4 shown), thermal management methods ( Figure 1 As shown), electronic devices ( Figure 6 shown) and computer program products ( Figure 7 shown).

[0044] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 , the thermal management method of the energy storage system provided by the embodiments of the present application includes:

[0045] 01: When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, obtain the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all ;

[0046] 021: At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , starting the thermal management function of the management device 15, the thermal management function includes controlling the opening of the solenoid valve 134; and

[0047] 03: According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target The opening degree of the solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133 is controlled.

[0048] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to an energy storage system 10. The energy storage system 10 includes an energy storage device 11, a cooling device 13, and a management device 15. The energy storage device 11 includes a battery cell 111. The cooling device 13 includes a storage element 131, a driving element 132, a battery cold plate 133 corresponding to the battery cell 111, a solenoid valve 134, and a heat exchange assembly 135. The storage element 131 is configured to store a cooling medium. The driving element 132 is connected to the storage element 131 and is configured to drive the cooling medium to flow through the cooling device 13. The battery cold plate 133 is configured to allow the cooling medium to flow therethrough to dissipate heat from the corresponding battery cell 111. A solenoid valve 134 is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate 133 and the driving element 132. The solenoid valve 134 is configured to control the flow of the cooling medium at the inlet of the battery cold plate 133. The heat exchange assembly 135 is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage element 131, and is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and transport the cooling medium after heat exchange to the storage element 131. The management device 15 is connected to the solenoid valve 134 and the energy storage device 11, and is configured to implement the thermal management methods 01, 021 and 03 of this application. Specifically, the management device 15 is configured to:

[0049] When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 is obtained. i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all ;

[0050] At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , starting the thermal management function of the management device 15, the thermal management function includes controlling the opening of the solenoid valve 134; and

[0051] According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target The opening degree of the solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133 is controlled.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The energy storage system 10 is a system for storing energy, which is usually used in energy storage power stations for distributing electric energy. In the present application, the energy storage system 10 includes an energy storage device 11, a cooling device 13 and a management device 15. Among them, the energy storage device 11 is a core device for storing electric energy. The cooling device 13 is a device for cooling the energy storage device 11. The management device 15 is a device for managing the energy storage device 11 and the cooling device 13. Specifically, the energy storage device 11 includes a battery cell 111. The number of battery cells 111 can be one or more, and the term "multiple" in this article means two or more. In the present application, the battery cell 111 can be a battery pack composed of multiple battery cells.

[0053] The cooling device 13 can be a liquid cooling device, an air cooling device, or a combination of liquid and air cooling. In this application, the cooling device 13 is a combination of liquid and air cooling. Specifically, the cooling device 13 includes a storage element 131, a drive element 132, battery cold plates 133 corresponding to the battery cells 111, a solenoid valve 134, and a heat exchange assembly 135. The storage element 131 is a component for storing a cooling medium, such as a storage tank. Cooling media include, but are not limited to, water, helium, nitrogen, and hydrocarbons. The drive element 132 is connected to the storage element 131 and is used to drive the cooling medium stored in the storage element 131 out of the storage element 131 and circulate the cooling medium flowing out of the storage element 131 along a predetermined path within the cooling device 13. For example, the drive element 132 is a drive pump. The battery cold plates 133 are configured to correspond to the battery cells 111 in the energy storage device 11, and each battery cold plate 133 is configured to dissipate heat for the corresponding battery cell 111. Specifically, the inlet of the battery cold plate 133 allows the inflow of cooling medium, while the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 allows the outflow of cooling medium that has removed at least a portion of the heat from the battery cells 111. A cooling medium, driven by a driver 132, circulates through the battery cold plate 133. As the cooling medium flows through the battery cold plate 133, it removes heat generated by the battery cells 111, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery cells 111. A solenoid valve 134 is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate 133 and the driver 132. The solenoid valve 134 is a device that uses electromagnetic force to control the flow of cooling medium through the cooling device 13 and the flow rate of the cooling medium within the cooling device 13. The solenoid valve 134 can be, but is not limited to, a direct-acting solenoid valve, a proportional solenoid valve, or a pilot-operated solenoid valve. The solenoid valve 134 is configured to control the flow rate of cooling medium entering the inlet of the battery cold plate 133. By adjusting the flow rate of cooling medium, each battery cold plate 133 can regulate the heat dissipation of its corresponding battery cell 111. The heat exchange component 135 is a component used to exchange heat for the cooling medium. The heat exchange component 135 is configured to be connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage component 131. After the cooling medium flows through the battery cold plate 133 and takes away at least part of the heat generated by the battery cell 111, the temperature of the cooling medium rises and flows out from the outlet of the battery cold plate 133. At this time, the heat exchange component 135 exchanges heat for the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133. The heat exchange component 135 exchanges the heat carried by the cooling medium to the outside of the energy storage system 10, so that the temperature of the cooling medium is reduced and the cooling performance is restored, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the cooling device 13. At the same time, the heat exchange component 135 also transports the cooling medium that has completed the heat exchange to the storage component 131, so that the cooling medium in the storage component 131 is replenished.

[0054] Please combine Figure 5Management device 15 is a device that manages energy storage device 11 and cooling device 13. Management device 15 is connected to both energy storage device 11 and cooling device 13, either by wired or wireless connection. Management device 15 is configured to implement the thermal management methods described in 01, 021, and 03 of this application.

[0055] For details, please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 5 When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, the management device 15 obtains the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111. i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all The battery cells 111 in the energy storage device 11 are configured to store energy. The battery cells 111 are connected to the management device 15. The management device 15 can obtain the state parameters of the battery cells 111. The state parameters of the battery cells 111 include but are not limited to the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111. i When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, the battery cell 111 can be in the operating state of being charged or discharged. Being charged means that current flows into the battery cell 111, and discharging means that current flows out of the battery cell 111. Regardless of whether the battery cell 111 is being charged or discharged when the energy storage system 10 is in operation, the battery cell 111 will generate heat, and the temperature of the battery cell 111 will also change (usually increase) as the heat is generated. Therefore, in order to avoid safety issues such as the battery cell 111 being overheated and causing the energy storage device 11 to be disabled or even explode, it is necessary to dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11 through the cooling device 13. At the same time, the heat exchange component 135 is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage component 131, and is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133, and transport the heat-exchanged cooling medium to the storage component 131, so as to realize the circulation of the cooling medium in the cooling device 13. Therefore, the management device 15 can adjust the temperature of the cooling medium according to the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111. i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all The heat generation condition of the energy storage device 11 is determined.

[0056] Please refer to further Figure 1 and Figure 2 , at the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , the management device 15 starts the thermal management function, which includes controlling the opening of the electromagnetic valve 134. The management device 15 has a preset set temperature T set To evaluate whether the heat generated by the energy storage device 11 causes the energy storage system 10 to have a risk of thermal runaway, the temperature T is set. setIt is usually configured to be less than or equal to the critical temperature of thermal runaway risk, which can be set before the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory, or the set temperature T set It is determined by the user input after the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory. avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In this case, the management device 15 starts the thermal management function and adjusts the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. The storage component 131 is configured to store a cooling medium, for example, the storage component 131 is a storage tank. The driving component 132 is a component that drives the cooling medium stored in the storage component 131 to flow in the cooling system 13, for example, the driving component 132 is a driving pump. The driving component 132 drives the cooling medium to circulate in the cooling device 13 and enables the cooling medium to dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. Since the capacity of the energy storage device 11 is large, the number of battery cells 111 is usually multiple. When the energy storage device 11 is in working condition, the heat generated by each battery cell 111 may be different, that is, the temperature distribution problem of the energy storage system 10 is uneven. At this time, if the same cooling method is used for each battery cell 111, the temperature distribution problem of the energy storage system 10 still exists.

[0057] In order to better realize the cooling of each battery cell 111 separately, each battery cell 111 has a temperature corresponding to its actual temperature T i of heat dissipation to achieve the thermal management goal of uniform temperature distribution of the energy storage device 11. In the present application, each battery cell 111 is configured with a corresponding battery cold plate 133, and each battery cold plate 133 is configured to dissipate heat to the corresponding battery cell 111. The inlet of the battery cold plate 133 is connected to the outlet of the driving member 132, that is, the cooling medium from the driving member 132 flows through each battery cold plate 133 respectively, and the cooling medium flowing through each battery cold plate 133 is used to cool the battery cell 111 corresponding to the battery cold plate 133. Furthermore, a solenoid valve 134 is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate 133 and the driving member 132. The management device 15 can control the solenoid valve 134 to open to different degrees, so that the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing into the inlet of each corresponding battery cold plate 133 does not need to be consistent, and can be adjusted individually according to the heat dissipation requirements of each battery cell 111.

[0058] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the management device 15 is based on the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target Control the opening of the solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133. Due to the possible difference in heat generation of each battery cell 111, the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 is iIn order to achieve the goal of uniform cooling of the energy storage device 11, the thermal management method of the energy storage system 10 is configured to achieve that each battery cell 111 is cooled to the same preset target temperature T target The preset target temperature T target It is a fixed value pre-set in the management device 15, usually set to be less than or equal to the set temperature T set To ensure that each battery cell 111 is at a temperature that can work normally. The management device 15 is based on the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111. i And the preset target temperature T target Control the opening of the corresponding solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133 corresponding to each battery cell 111 so that the flow rate of the cooling medium flowing through each battery cold plate 133 is consistent with the actual temperature T of the cooled battery cell 111. i Adaptation, to achieve cooling of each battery cell 111 to the same target temperature T target , effectively solving the problem of uneven heat distribution of the energy storage system 10.

[0059] In summary, in the energy storage system 10 using the thermal management method of the present application, the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 is avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , the management device 15 determines that there is a safety risk in the energy storage system 10 and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. Specifically, the management device 15 determines that the energy storage system 10 has a safety risk and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. i and target temperature T target Control the opening of the solenoid valve 134 corresponding to the battery cell 111 so that the actual temperature T i Approaching target temperature T target At this time, the temperature distribution in the energy storage device 11 is uniform, and the cooling device 13 has the effect of uniformly cooling the energy storage device 11, solving the temperature uniformity problem of the cooling device 13 and improving the safety of the energy storage system 10.

[0060] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, a temperature collector is provided on each battery cell 111. 01: When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 is obtained. i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all ,include:

[0061] 011: Obtain the actual temperature T of the corresponding battery cell 111 collected by each temperature collector i ;and

[0062] 013: According to the actual temperature T of all battery cells 111 i Calculate the average temperature T avg,all .

[0063] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to the energy storage system 10. In the energy storage system 10, each battery cell 111 is provided with a temperature collector (not shown). When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, the temperature collector (not shown) is configured to collect the actual temperature T of the corresponding battery cell 111. i The management device 15 is further configured to obtain the actual temperature T from the temperature collector. i , and according to the actual temperature T of all battery cells 111 i Calculate the average temperature T avg,all .

[0064] The temperature collector (not shown) is a device for obtaining temperature data. For example, the temperature collector can be, but is not limited to, a thermocouple, a thermistor, and a semiconductor temperature sensor. The management device 15 obtains the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 through the corresponding temperature collector (not shown) provided on each battery cell 111. i , the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 i Used to provide the temperature of each battery cell 111 in its current state. The temperature collector (not shown) and the corresponding battery cell 111 can be connected to each other or have a certain distance. When the temperature collector (not shown) is connected to the corresponding battery cell 111, the connection method can be, but is not limited to, one or more combinations of welding and gluing. Actual temperature T i is configured to be provided to the management device 15 and applied to the subsequent control of the opening of the solenoid valve 134. Further, the management device 15 is configured to provide the management device 15 with the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111. i Calculate the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all , average temperature T avg,all It is used to reflect the heat generation of the energy storage device 11 and is used by the management device 15 to determine whether the energy storage system 10 needs to start the thermal management function.

[0065] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, 03: According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target Controlling the opening of the solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133 includes:

[0066] 031: According to the actual temperature T i , target temperature T target , preset static coefficient K pand a preset dynamic coefficient K i Obtain the opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve 134.

[0067] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to the energy storage system 10. In the energy storage system 10, the management device 15 is further configured to: according to the actual temperature T i , the target temperature T target , a preset static coefficient K p and a preset dynamic coefficient K i Obtain the opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve 134.

[0068] For each battery cell 111, the management device 15 adjusts the opening degree u(t) of the corresponding solenoid valve 134 through PI control according to the actual temperature T i and the target temperature T target . Specifically, the management device 15 obtains the opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve 134 according to the difference between the actual temperature T i , the target temperature T target , a preset static coefficient K p and a preset dynamic coefficient K i according to the following formula:

[0069] u(t) = K p *(T avg,n - T set ) + K i *∫(T avg,n - T set )dt

[0070] The opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve 134 is a value within the range of 0 < u(t) < 1. That is, the opening degree u(t) represents the opening proportion of the solenoid valve 134, and different opening degrees of the solenoid valve 134 correspond to different flow rates of the cooling medium flowing through the corresponding battery cold plate 133, so as to achieve different degrees of cooling for the battery cells 111 with different actual temperatures T i , and make the battery cells 111 with different actual temperatures T i be cooled to the same target temperature T target , thereby achieving uniform cooling of the energy storage device 11 by the control cooling device 13. The PI control in this application can also be replaced by PID control. At this time, the management device 15 will have the advantages of fast response speed and avoiding overshoot.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1 , in some embodiments, the thermal management method further includes:

[0072] 023: When the average temperature T avg,all is less than the set temperature T set , the thermal management function of the management device 15 does not start.

[0073] Specifically, in the method of 023, according to the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 i The average temperature T of all battery cells 111 is obtained by taking the average value avg,all , average temperature T avg,all The heat generation condition of the reaction energy storage device 11 is used to generate heat at the average temperature T avg,all Less than the set temperature T set In this case, the management device 15 determines that there is no risk of thermal runaway in the energy storage system 10, so the management device 15 does not start the thermal management function.

[0074] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 In some embodiments, the thermal management method further includes controlling the rotational speed of the driving member 132. The energy storage device 11 further includes a PCS unit 113. The cooling device 13 further includes a PCS cold plate 136, a temperature sensor 137, a pressure sensor 138 and a flow meter 139. The PCS cold plate 136 is arranged between the battery cell 111 and the driving member 132, and is configured to dissipate heat from the PCS unit 113. The temperature sensor 137 and the pressure sensor 138 are arranged between the PCS cold plate 136 and the battery cold plate 133, and are respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate 136. The flow meter 139 is arranged at the outlet of the driving member 132, and is configured to collect the medium flow m of the cooling medium at the outlet of the driving member 132. The management device 15 is configured to obtain the state parameters of the battery cell 111. The thermal management method further includes:

[0075] 04: Obtain the status parameters of the battery unit 111;

[0076] 05: Obtain the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 according to the medium pressure P, the medium flow m and the state parameters; and

[0077] 06: According to the medium temperature T, medium dryness x, and the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The rotational speed n of the drive member 132 is controlled.

[0078] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to the energy storage system 10. In the energy storage system 10, the energy storage device 11 further includes a PCS unit 113, and the cooling device 13 further includes a PCS cold plate 136, a temperature sensor 137, a pressure sensor 138, and a flow meter 139. The PCS cold plate 136 is disposed between the driver 132 and the battery unit 111. The PCS cold plate 136 corresponds to the PCS unit 113 and is configured to dissipate heat from the PCS unit 113. The temperature sensor 137 and the pressure sensor 138 are disposed between the PCS cold plate 136 and the battery cold plate 133. The temperature sensor 137 and the pressure sensor 138 are respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and the medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate 136. The flow meter 139 is disposed at the outlet of the driver 132 and is configured to collect the medium flow rate m of the cooling medium at the outlet of the driver 132. The management device 15 is configured to obtain the status parameters of the battery unit 111. Specifically, the management device 15 is further configured to:

[0079] Obtaining state parameters of the battery unit 111;

[0080] Obtaining the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 according to the medium pressure P, the medium flow m, and the state parameters; and

[0081] According to the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The rotational speed n of the drive member 132 is controlled.

[0082] The PCS unit 113 is configured to coordinate the energy storage device 11 with the power grid or load. Therefore, current flows through the PCS unit 113 and generates heat even in operating mode. Therefore, the cooling device 13 provides cooling for the energy storage device 11, not only for the battery unit 111 but also for the PCS unit 113.

[0083] Specifically, the cooling device 13 also includes a PCS cold plate 136, a temperature sensor 137, a pressure sensor 138, and a flow meter 139. The PCS cold plate 136 corresponds to the PCS unit 113 and is configured to allow a cooling medium to flow through it to cool the PCS unit 113. The PCS cold plate 136 is disposed between the battery cold plate 133 and the driver 132. The inlet of the PCS cold plate 136 allows the cooling medium to flow in, and the outlet of the PCS cold plate 136 allows the cooling medium to flow out, removing at least a portion of the heat from the PCS unit 113. The cooling medium, driven by the driver 132, circulates through the PCS cold plate 136. As the cooling medium flows through the PCS cold plate 136, it removes at least a portion of the heat generated by the PCS unit 113, thereby reducing the temperature of the PCS unit 113. Therefore, the cooling medium first flows through the PCS cold plate 136 to cool the PCS unit 113, and then flows through each battery cold plate 133 to cool each battery cell 111.

[0084] A temperature sensor 137 and a pressure sensor 138 are disposed between the PCS cold plate 136 and the battery cold plate 133, and are respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate 136. The temperature sensor 137 may be, but is not limited to, an infrared temperature sensor or a semiconductor temperature sensor. The temperature sensor 137 is configured to connect to the management device 15. The connection between the temperature sensor 137 and the management device 15 can be wired, such as via a wire, or wirelessly.

[0085] The pressure sensor 138 may be, but is not limited to, a piezoresistive pressure sensor, a strain gauge pressure sensor, or a capacitive pressure sensor. The pressure sensor 138 is configured to connect to the management device 15. The connection between the pressure sensor 138 and the management device 15 may be wired, such as via a wire, or wirelessly.

[0086] A flow meter 139 is disposed at the outlet of the drive element 132 and is configured to measure the cooling medium flow rate m at the outlet of the drive element 132. The flow meter 139 may be, but is not limited to, a differential pressure flow meter, an electromagnetic flow meter, or a turbine flow meter. The flow meter 139 is configured to connect to the management device 15. The connection between the flow meter 139 and the management device 15 may be wired, such as via a wire, or wirelessly. The flow rate m represents the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling device 13. As the cooling medium passes through the PCS cold plate 136 and the battery cold plate 133, cooling the PCS unit 113 and the battery unit 111, it undergoes at least a partial two-phase transition. Specifically, the heat absorbed from the PCS unit 113 and the battery unit 111 during the cooling process causes the cooling medium to at least partially transition from a liquid phase to a gas phase. The cooling medium then passes through heat exchange assembly 135, where it exchanges the heat carried by the cooling medium with the outside world of energy storage system 10, causing at least a portion of the cooling medium to undergo a two-phase transition again. This means that the cooling medium undergoes a heat exchange process through heat exchange assembly 135, thereby reducing the heat carried by the cooling medium and converting at least a portion of the cooling medium from a gas phase to a liquid phase. To ensure that medium flow rate m more accurately reflects the flow rate of the cooling medium in cooling device 13, flowmeter 139 is positioned at the outlet of driver 132. At this point, the cooling medium exiting driver 132 has not participated in the cooling process and has completed the heat exchange process. Therefore, medium flow rate m here more accurately reflects the flow rate of the cooling medium in cooling device 13.

[0087] For details, please refer to Figure 5 The management device 15 obtains the state parameters of the battery cell 111, which include but are not limited to the working current I of the battery cell 111, the open circuit voltage U of the battery cell 111, and the ocv , the terminal voltage U of the battery unit 111 L , the actual temperature T of the battery cell 111 i and the number n of the battery cells 111 , etc. The battery status parameters are used by the management device 15 to evaluate the working status of the battery cells 111 .

[0088] Furthermore, the management device 15 obtains the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 based on the medium pressure P, the medium flow rate m, and the state parameters. The management device 15 obtains the phase change latent heat h of the cooling medium based on the medium pressure P detected by the pressure sensor 138. The phase change latent heat h and the medium pressure P have a one-to-one correspondence and a fixed relationship. Before the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory, the management device 15 stores the phase change latent heat h corresponding to any set medium pressure P. Furthermore, the management device 15 calculates the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 based on the phase change latent heat h, the medium flow rate m, and the state parameters of the energy storage device 11 obtained by the management device 15. The medium dryness x is configured to evaluate the cooling performance of the battery cold plate 133 on the battery cells 111. The medium dryness x represents the percentage of the gas phase mass in the gas-liquid two-phase flow to the total mass. A higher medium dryness x indicates that more heat is absorbed from the battery cells 111 by the battery cold plate 133. The state parameters of the battery cell 111 required for calculating the medium dryness x include the operating current I of the battery cell 111, the open circuit voltage U of the battery cell 111, and the ocv , the terminal voltage U of the battery unit 111 L , the actual temperature T of the battery cell 111 i And the number n of battery cells 111. Specifically, the medium dryness x can be obtained by the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] In the above embodiment, the management device 15 calculates the temperature of the medium T, the dryness of the medium x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The management device 15 determines whether the cooling process of the cooling device 13 is sufficient based on the medium temperature T detected by the temperature sensor 137 and the medium dryness x obtained by 05. The first temperature threshold T preset in the management device 15 sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The speed n of the driver 132 is used for comparison with the medium temperature T and the medium dryness x. The management device 15 controls the speed n of the driver 132 based on the comparison result. The driver 132 is configured to connect the storage unit 131 and the PCS cold plate 136 and drive the coolant stored in the storage unit 131 to the inlet of the PCS cold plate 136. The driving force of the driver 132 is controlled by the speed n of the driver 132. The higher the speed n, the faster the cooling medium flows under the drive of the driver 132, thereby circulating the cooling medium more quickly within the cooling device 13 and increasing the cooling rate, thereby enabling the cooling device 13 to remove more heat from the energy storage device 11.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 In some embodiments, 06: according to the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p And the preset dryness threshold control x set The rotational speed of the driving member 132 includes:

[0092] 061: When the medium temperature T is lower than the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , and the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x set In the case of , the speed n of the driving member 132 decreases;

[0093] 063: When the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case of , the rotation speed n of the driving member 132 remains unchanged; and

[0094] 065: When the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the rotation speed n of the driving member 132 increases.

[0095] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to the energy storage system 10. In the energy storage system 10, the management device 15 is further configured to:

[0096] When the medium temperature T is lower than the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , and the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x set In the case of , the speed n of the driving member 132 decreases;

[0097] When the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case of , the rotation speed n of the driving member 132 remains unchanged; and

[0098] When the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the rotation speed n of the driving member 132 increases.

[0099] In the above embodiment, the management device 15 calculates the temperature of the medium T, the dryness of the medium x, the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2, the second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set Determine the cooling efficiency of the cooling device 13 on the energy storage device 11, and use the medium temperature T and the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and the second temperature threshold T sat,p The relationship between the medium dryness x and the dryness threshold x set The relationship between the control of the speed n of the driving member 132. The first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and the second temperature threshold T sat,p It is the temperature threshold corresponding to the different cooling degrees of the energy storage device 11 by the cooling medium. The first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 Below the second temperature threshold T sat,p The first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 The low temperature threshold corresponding to the cooling medium overcooling the energy storage device 11, if the temperature of the cooling medium is lower than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 At this time, there is a risk of overcooling the energy storage device 11, and the working intensity of the cooling device 13 needs to be reduced. The second temperature threshold T sat,p The corresponding temperature threshold when the cooling medium is insufficient to cool the energy storage device 11, if the temperature of the cooling medium is higher than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , at this time there is a risk of overheating of the energy storage device 11, and the working intensity of the cooling device 13 needs to be increased. The heat exchange process is reflected by the heat transfer coefficient, and the heat transfer coefficient tends to first increase and then decrease with the dryness. When the dryness is high (x>0.6), the evaporation of the liquid film in the cooling pipe (not shown) that the cooling medium contacts is intensified, and eventually causes the liquid film in the cooling pipe (not shown) to dry up locally or completely, resulting in the heat transfer mode changing from efficient liquid film heat conduction or convection to steam-dominated convection. However, since the heat transfer capacity of steam is much lower than that of liquid, the cooling medium in the cooling device 13 experiences deteriorated heat exchange, which may increase the risk of thermal runaway of the energy storage system 10. Therefore, the medium dryness x should be controlled in the range below 0.6. That is, the preset dryness threshold x set The value is usually 0.6. Of course, under other working conditions, the preset dryness threshold x set Other values ​​are also possible and are not limited here.

[0100] When the medium temperature T is lower than the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 And the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x set In this case, the management device 15 determines that the cooling device 13 cools the energy storage device 11 excessively, and then the management device 15 controls the speed n of the driving member 132 to decrease.

[0101] When the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,pAnd the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case of , the management device 15 determines that the cooling device 13 cools the energy storage device 11 appropriately, and the speed n of the driving member 132 remains unchanged;

[0102] When the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p And the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the management device 15 determines that the cooling device 13 does not cool the energy storage device 11 sufficiently, and the speed n of the driving member 132 increases.

[0103] In the above methods 061, 063 and 065, the management device 15 determines the cooling efficiency of the cooling device 13 on the energy storage device 11 by the medium temperature T and the medium dryness x, and then adjusts the speed n of the driving member 132 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling medium in the cooling device 13 (such as Figure 1 and Figure 5 As shown), the cooling device 13 can moderately cool the energy storage device 11.

[0104] Please refer to Figure 3 In some embodiments, the PCS unit 113 is disposed at the bottom of the battery cell 111, and the storage component 131, the driving component 132, and the heat exchange assembly 135 are disposed at the top of the battery cell 111. Specifically, the energy storage device 11 includes the PCS unit 113 and the battery cell 111. The PCS unit 113 and the battery cell 111 are arranged in a certain spatial distribution relationship within the energy storage device 11, so that the cooling device 13 can cool the PCS unit 113 and the battery cell 111 of the energy storage device 11 in sequence. The PCS unit 113 is disposed at the bottom of the battery cell 111, and the storage component 131, the driving component 132, and the heat exchange assembly 135 are disposed at the top of the battery cell 111. Therefore, the cooling medium can first pass through the PCS cold plate 136 to dissipate heat to the PCS unit 113, and then pass through the battery cold plate 133 to dissipate heat to the battery cell 111, thereby achieving heat dissipation for the PCS unit 113 and the battery cell 111 at the same time.

[0105] Please refer to Figures 2 to 5 In some embodiments, the cooling device 13 further includes a heat exchange component 135. The heat exchange component 135 is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage unit 131. The heat exchange component 135 is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and transport the cooling medium after heat exchange to the storage unit 131. The heat exchange component 135 has multiple operating modes. The management device 15 is also configured to obtain the status parameters of the battery unit 111. The thermal management method further includes:

[0106] 07: Obtain the ambient temperature and the status parameters of the battery unit 111;

[0107] 08: Obtaining the heat load of the energy storage device 11 according to the state parameters; and

[0108] 09: Control the working mode of the heat exchange component 135 according to the ambient temperature, the preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device 11 and the preset heat load threshold.

[0109] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to the energy storage system 10. In the energy storage system 10, the cooling device 13 further includes a heat exchange component 135. The heat exchange component 135 is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage unit 131. The heat exchange component 135 is configured to heat the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and transport the cooling medium after heat exchange to the storage unit 131. The heat exchange component 135 has multiple operating modes. The management device 15 is also configured to:

[0110] Acquire the ambient temperature and the status parameters of the battery unit 111;

[0111] Obtaining the heat load of the energy storage device 11 according to the state parameter; and

[0112] The working mode of the heat exchange component 135 is controlled according to the ambient temperature, the preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device 11 and the preset heat load threshold.

[0113] In the above embodiment, the heat exchange component 135 is a component used to exchange heat for the cooling medium. The heat exchange component 135 is configured to connect the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage component 131, so as to exchange the heat carried by the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 with the outside of the energy storage system 10, thereby reducing the temperature of the cooling medium and improving the cooling performance of the cooling medium. After the cooling medium is heat-exchanged by the heat exchange component 135, it is transported to the storage component 131. The driving component 132 can drive the cooling medium after the heat exchange is completed again, so that the cooling medium continues to flow in the cooling device 13 to cool the energy storage device 11. The management device 15 is also configured to obtain the status parameters of the battery cell 111. The management device 15 determines the cooling efficiency of the cooling device 13 on the energy storage device 11 through the battery status parameters, and determines the working mode of the heat exchange component 135 accordingly.

[0114] Specifically, if Figure 5As shown, the management device 15 obtains the ambient temperature and the status parameters of the battery unit 111. One way for the management device 15 to obtain the ambient temperature may be: the energy storage system 10 is also provided with a temperature sensor (not shown) that is communicatively connected to the management device 15, the temperature sensor senses the ambient temperature, and the management device 15 directly obtains the sensed ambient temperature from the temperature sensor. Another way for the management device 15 to obtain the ambient temperature may also be: the management device 15 interacts with the cloud to obtain the ambient temperature from the cloud. The status parameters of the battery unit 111 include but are not limited to the operating current of the battery unit 111 and the operating voltage of the battery unit 111.

[0115] Furthermore, the management device 15 calculates the thermal load of the energy storage device 11 based on the state parameters of the battery cell 111. As mentioned above, the energy storage device 11 may be in a charging state or a discharging state. When the energy storage device 11 is in a charging state, the state parameters of the battery cell 111 obtained by the management device 15 are the charging current of the energy storage device 11 and the charging voltage of the energy storage device 11, and the charging power of the energy storage device 11 is calculated by the charging current and the charging voltage as the thermal load of the energy storage device 11. When the energy storage device 11 is in a discharging state, the state parameters of the battery cell 111 obtained by the management device 15 are the discharge current of the energy storage device 11 and the discharge voltage of the energy storage device 11, and the discharge power of the energy storage device 11 is calculated by the discharge current and the discharge voltage as the thermal load of the energy storage device 11. At this time, the management device 15 controls the working mode of the heat exchange component 135 based on the ambient temperature, the preset ambient temperature threshold, the thermal load of the energy storage device 11, and the preset thermal load threshold. The ambient temperature threshold is the critical ambient temperature at which thermal runaway risk occurs. It can be set before the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory, or it can be determined by user input after the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory. The thermal load threshold is the critical thermal load at which thermal runaway risk occurs. It can be set before the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory, or it can be determined by user input after the energy storage system 10 leaves the factory. The management device 15 compares the ambient temperature data with the ambient temperature threshold and compares the thermal load with the thermal load threshold. The management device 15 controls the operating mode of the heat exchange component 135 based on the two comparison results.

[0116] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the heat exchange assembly 135 includes a first heat exchange unit 1351, a second heat exchange unit 1353, a first three-way valve 1355, and a second three-way valve 1357. After the first heat exchange unit 1351 and the second heat exchange unit 1353 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 through the first three-way valve 1355, and the other end is connected to the storage element 131 through the second three-way valve 1357. The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit 1351 is greater than the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange unit 1353. 09: Controlling the working mode of the heat exchange assembly 135 according to the ambient temperature, the preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device 11, and the preset heat load threshold includes:

[0117] 091: When the ambient temperature is greater than the ambient temperature threshold, or the heat load of the energy storage device 11 is greater than the heat load threshold, the heat exchange assembly 135 is controlled to operate in the first mode. In the first mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate 133 passes through the first heat exchange unit 1351 and reaches the storage element 131; and

[0118] 093: When the ambient temperature is lower than the ambient temperature threshold and the heat load of the energy storage device 11 is lower than the heat load threshold, the heat exchange component 135 is controlled to operate in the second mode. In the second mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate 133 passes through the second heat exchange unit 1353 and reaches the storage component 131.

[0119] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to the energy storage system 10. In the energy storage system 10, the heat exchange component 135 includes a first heat exchange unit 1351, a second heat exchange unit 1353, a first three-way valve 1355 and a second three-way valve 1357. After the first heat exchange unit 1351 and the second heat exchange unit 1353 are connected in parallel, one end is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 through the first three-way valve 1355, and the other end is connected to the storage element 131 through the second three-way valve 1357. The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit 1351 is greater than the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange unit 1353. The management device 15 is also configured to: when the ambient temperature is greater than the ambient temperature threshold, or the heat load of the energy storage device 11 is greater than the heat load threshold, control the heat exchange component 135 to operate in the first mode. In the first mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate 133 passes through the first heat exchange unit 1351 and reaches the storage element 131. When the ambient temperature is below the ambient temperature threshold and the heat load of the energy storage device 11 is below the heat load threshold, the heat exchange assembly 135 is controlled to operate in the second mode. In the second mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate 133 passes through the second heat exchange unit 1353 and reaches the storage element 131.

[0120] In the above embodiment, the heat exchange assembly 135 includes a first heat exchange unit 1351, a second heat exchange unit 1353, a first three-way valve 1355, and a second three-way valve 1357. The first heat exchange unit 1351 is used to exchange heat for the cooling medium, and the second heat exchange unit 1353 is used to exchange heat for the cooling medium. When the first three-way valve 1355 and the second three-way valve 1357 control the first heat exchange unit 1351 to be turned on, the second heat exchange unit 1353 is turned off. When the first three-way valve 1355 and the second three-way valve 1357 control the second heat exchange unit 1353 to be turned on, the first heat exchange unit 1351 is turned off. The first heat exchange unit 1351 and the second heat exchange unit 1353 are connected in parallel, and the two operate separately in the cooling device 13 and do not operate simultaneously.

[0121] The first heat exchange unit 1351 is an active heat exchange unit. Using air conditioning as an example, this application describes a refrigerant, which is the medium used for heat exchange within the first heat exchange unit 1351. The first heat exchange unit 1351 includes a heat exchanger 13511, a compressor 13513, a condenser 13515, and an expansion valve 13517. Heat exchanger 13511 is the device within the first heat exchange unit 1351 used to exchange heat with the cooling medium. The refrigerant flows through heat exchanger 13511 and is configured to absorb heat carried by the cooling medium. After absorbing heat, at least a portion of the refrigerant is converted into a low-temperature, low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant, which then flows out of the heat exchanger 13511. Compressor 13513 compresses the low-temperature, low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant. Compressor 13513 also provides the power for the refrigerant's flow. The low-temperature, low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant flows into compressor 13513 and is compressed into a high-temperature, high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant. Condenser 13515 is a device that exchanges heat with high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. The high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows from compressor 13513 and into condenser 13515. Condenser 13515 exchanges at least some of the heat from the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant to the exterior of first heat exchange unit 1351, converting at least some of the heat from the high-temperature, high-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant. Expansion valve 13517 converts the high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant into a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. Expansion valve 13517 increases the pressure of the high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant by narrowing the width of the refrigerant flow channel within it, converting the high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant into a two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant. The two-phase gas-liquid refrigerant then flows through heat exchanger 13511, removing heat from the cooling medium. Through these steps, first heat exchange unit 1353 completes heat exchange with the higher-temperature cooling medium.

[0122] The second heat exchange unit 1353 is a passive heat exchange unit. The second heat exchange unit 1353 can be, but is not limited to, an air-cooled radiator or a plate radiator. The second heat exchange unit 1353 releases the heat carried by the cooling medium into the air. The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit 1351 is greater than that of the second heat exchange unit 1353. That is, the first heat exchange unit 1351 can absorb more heat from the cooling medium of the same temperature and volume within the same operating time than the second heat exchange unit 1353. The first heat exchange unit 1351 and the second heat exchange unit 1353 are connected in parallel. One end of the parallel connection between the first heat exchange unit 1351 and the second heat exchange unit 1353 is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 via a first three-way valve 1355, allowing the cooling medium to flow into the heat exchange assembly 135. The other end of the first heat exchange unit 1351 and the second heat exchange unit 1353 connected in parallel is connected to the storage element 131 through the second three-way valve 1357 , so that the cooling medium that has completed heat exchange flows out of the heat exchange component 135 and enters the storage element 131 .

[0123] When the ambient temperature exceeds a threshold or the heat load of energy storage device 11 exceeds a threshold, cooling device 13 requires more efficient heat exchange. This requires a highly efficient heat exchange unit to exchange heat for the cooling medium to ensure the cooling performance of the cooling medium. Management device 15 controls heat exchange assembly 135 to operate in a first mode. In this mode, the cooling medium in battery cold plate 133 flows through first heat exchange unit 1351, which has a higher heat exchange efficiency, and reaches storage element 131, improving the safety of energy storage system 10.

[0124] When the ambient temperature is below the ambient temperature threshold and the heat load of the energy storage device 11 is below the heat load threshold, the cooling device 13 needs to perform less efficient heat exchange. Only the heat exchange unit with lower heat exchange efficiency is required to exchange heat for the cooling medium, ensuring the cooling performance of the cooling medium. At this time, the management device 15 controls the heat exchange assembly 135 to operate in the second mode. In this second mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate 133 flows through the second heat exchange unit 1353 with lower heat exchange efficiency and reaches the storage element 131, thereby achieving energy conservation and reducing the operating cost of the energy storage system 10.

[0125] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 4In some embodiments, the first three-way valve 1355 includes a first port A1, a second port B1, and a third port C1. The first port A1 communicates with the outlet of the battery cold plate 133, the second port B1 communicates with the first heat exchange unit 1351, and the third port C1 communicates with the second heat exchange unit 1353. The second three-way valve 1357 includes a first port A2, a second port B2, and a third port C2. The first port A2 communicates with the outlet of the second heat exchange unit 1353, the second port B2 communicates with the storage element 131, and the third port C2 communicates with the outlet of the first heat exchange unit 1351. In the first mode, the first port A1 communicates with the second port B1 and is blocked from the third port C1; the second port B2 communicates with the third port C2 and is blocked from the first port A2. In the second mode, the first port A1 communicates with the third port C1 and is blocked from the second port B1; the second port B2 communicates with the first port A2 and is blocked from the third port C2.

[0126] Specifically, the above control method can be applied to energy storage system 10. In energy storage system 10, first three-way valve 1355 includes a first port A1, a second port B1, and a third port C1. First port A1 communicates with the outlet of battery cold plate 133, second port B1 communicates with first heat exchange unit 1351, and third port C1 communicates with second heat exchange unit 1353. Second three-way valve 1357 includes a first port A2, a second port B2, and a third port C2. First port A2 communicates with the outlet of second heat exchange unit 1353, second port B2 communicates with storage element 131, and third port C2 communicates with the outlet of first heat exchange unit 1351.

[0127] In the above embodiment, the management device 15 controls the opening and closing of the first three-way valve 1355 and the second three-way valve 1357, thereby switching the operating mode of the heat exchange assembly 135. The opening and closing of the first and second three-way valves 1357 are synchronized under the control of the management device 15. The first three-way valve 1355 connects the outlet of the battery cold plate 133, the inlet of the first heat exchange unit 1351, and the inlet of the second heat exchange unit 1353. Under the control of the management device 15, the first three-way valve 1355 controls whether the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 selectively enters the inlet of the first heat exchange unit 1351 or the inlet of the second heat exchange unit 1353. The second three-way valve 1357 connects the storage unit 131, the outlet of the first heat exchange unit 1351, and the outlet of the second heat exchange unit 1353. Under the control of the management device 15 , the first three-way valve 1355 is used to control the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the first heat exchange unit 1351 or the outlet of the second heat exchange unit 1353 to selectively enter the storage element 131 .

[0128] The heat exchange assembly 135 has two operating modes: a first mode and a second mode. The management device 15 switches between these two modes based on the ambient temperature and the heat load of the energy storage device 11. In the first mode, the first port A1 is connected to the second port B1 and blocked from the third port C1; the second port B2 is connected to the third port C2 and blocked from the first port A2. In this mode, the first heat exchange unit 1351, which has a high heat exchange efficiency, exchanges heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and transfers the heat exchanged cooling medium to the storage element 131. In the second mode, the first port A1 is connected to the third port C1 and blocked from the second port B1; the second port B2 is connected to the first port A2 and blocked from the third port C2. The second heat exchange unit 1353, which has a low heat exchange efficiency, exchanges heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and transfers the heat exchanged cooling medium to the storage element 131.

[0129] Please refer to Figure 6 The present application provides an electronic device 100, which includes one or more processors 50 and a memory 70. The memory 70 stores a computer program 202. When the computer program 202 is executed by the processor 50, the steps of the control method of any one of the above embodiments are implemented.

[0130] For example, see Figure 1 When the computer program 202 is executed by the processor 50, the following control method is implemented:

[0131] 01: When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, obtain the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all ;

[0132] 021: At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , starting the thermal management function of the management device 15, the thermal management function includes controlling the opening of the solenoid valve 134; and

[0133] 03: According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target The opening degree of the solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133 is controlled.

[0134] In the electronic device 100 of the present application, the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 in the energy storage system 10 is avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T setIn the case of , the management device 15 determines that there is a safety risk in the energy storage system 10 and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. Specifically, the management device 15 determines that the energy storage system 10 has a safety risk and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. i and target temperature T target Control the opening of the solenoid valve 134 corresponding to the battery cell 111 so that the actual temperature T i Approaching target temperature T target At this time, the temperature distribution in the energy storage device 11 is uniform, and the cooling device 13 has the effect of uniformly cooling the energy storage device 11, solving the temperature uniformity problem of the cooling device 13 and improving the safety of the energy storage system 10.

[0135] Please refer to Figure 7 The present application provides a computer program product 200, including a computer program 202, which implements the steps of the control method in any of the above embodiments when the computer program 202 is executed by the processor 50.

[0136] For example, see Figure 1 When the computer program 202 is executed by the processor 50, the following control method is implemented:

[0137] 01: When the energy storage system 10 is in operation, obtain the actual temperature T of each battery cell 111 i and the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 avg,all ;

[0138] 021: At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , starting the thermal management function of the management device 15, the thermal management function includes controlling the opening of the solenoid valve 134; and

[0139] 03: According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target The opening degree of the solenoid valve 134 connected to the battery cold plate 133 is controlled.

[0140] In the energy storage system 10 to which the thermal management method in the computer program product 200 of the present application is applied, the average temperature T of all battery cells 111 in the energy storage system 10 is avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of , the management device 15 determines that there is a safety risk in the energy storage system 10 and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. Specifically, the management device 15 determines that the energy storage system 10 has a safety risk and needs to enable the thermal management function to adjust the cooling device 13 to uniformly dissipate heat for the energy storage device 11. i and target temperature Ttarget Control the opening of the solenoid valve 134 corresponding to the battery cell 111 so that the actual temperature T i Approaching target temperature T target At this time, the temperature distribution in the energy storage device 11 is uniform, and the cooling device 13 has the effect of uniformly cooling the energy storage device 11, solving the temperature uniformity problem of the cooling device 13 and improving the safety of the energy storage system 10.

[0141] It should be noted that this article focuses on Figure 2 and Figure 4 The directions described in the text are based on the order in which the cooling medium flows, not the physical locations of the entities. For example, the connection between the driver 132 and the storage element 131, and the connection between the inlet of each battery cold plate 133 and the driver 132 and a solenoid valve 134, mean that the cooling medium passes through the storage element 131, the driver 132, and the solenoid valve 134 in sequence before reaching the battery cold plate 133. The connection between the heat exchange assembly 135 and the outlet of the battery cold plate 133 and the storage element 131 means that the cooling medium passes through the battery cold plate 133 and the heat exchange assembly 135 in sequence before reaching the storage element 131. The PCS cold plate 136 is located between the battery cell 111 and the driver 132, which means that the cooling medium passes through the driver 132 and the PCS cold plate 136 in sequence before reaching the battery cold plate 133.

[0142] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "some embodiments", "in an example", "exemplarily", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiments or examples are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are mutually inconsistent.

[0143] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present application includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present application belong.

[0144] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An energy storage system, characterized in that: include: An energy storage device (11) comprising a battery unit (111); A cooling device (13) includes a storage member (131), a driving member (132), a battery cold plate (133) corresponding to the battery unit (111), a solenoid valve (134) and a heat exchange component (135), wherein the storage member (131) is configured to store a cooling medium, the driving member (132) is connected to the storage member (131) and is configured to drive the cooling medium to flow in the cooling device (13), and the battery cold plate (133) is configured to heat the corresponding battery unit (111). 1) heat dissipation, a solenoid valve (134) is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate (133) and the driving member (132), and the solenoid valve (134) is configured to control the flow of the cooling medium at the inlet of the battery cold plate (133). The heat exchange component (135) is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) and the storage member (131), and is configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) and transport it to the storage member (131); and The management device (15) is connected to the solenoid valve (134) and the energy storage device (11), and is configured to: When the energy storage system (10) is in a working state, the actual temperature T of each battery cell (111) is obtained. i and the average temperature T of all the battery cells (111) avg,all ; At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of the above, starting the thermal management function of the management device (15), the thermal management function including controlling the opening of the solenoid valve (134); and According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target The opening degree of the solenoid valve (134) connected to the battery cold plate (133) is controlled.

2. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that Each battery cell (111) is provided with a temperature collector. When the energy storage system (10) is in operation, the temperature collector is configured to collect the corresponding actual temperature T i The management device (15) is further configured to obtain the actual temperature T from the temperature collector. i , and according to the actual temperature T of all the battery cells (111) i Calculate the average temperature T avg,all .

3. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The management device (15) is further configured to: According to the actual temperature T i , the target temperature T target , preset static coefficient K p And the preset dynamic coefficient K i The opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve (134) is obtained.

4. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that The energy storage device (11) further includes a power conversion system (PCS) unit. The cooling device (13) further includes a PCS cold plate (136), a temperature sensor (137), a pressure sensor (138) and a flow meter (139). The PCS cold plate (136) is arranged between the driving member (132) and the battery unit (111). The PCS cold plate (136) corresponds to the PCS unit (113) and is configured to dissipate heat for the PCS unit (113). The temperature sensor (137) and the pressure sensor (138) are arranged on the PCS. Between the cold plate (136) and the battery cold plate (133), the temperature sensor (137) and the pressure sensor (138) are respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and the medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate (136); the flow meter (139) is provided at the outlet of the driving member (132) and is configured to collect the medium flow m of the cooling medium at the outlet of the driving member (132); the management device (15) is configured to obtain the state parameters of the battery unit (111), and the management device (15) is further configured to: Acquiring state parameters of the battery unit (111); Obtaining a medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) according to the medium pressure P, the medium flow m, and the state parameter; and According to the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The rotation speed n of the driving member (132) is controlled.

5. The energy storage system according to claim 4, wherein the management device (15) is further configured to: When the medium temperature T is lower than the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , and the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x set In the case of , the rotation speed n of the driving member (132) is reduced; When the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case of , the rotation speed n of the driving member (132) remains unchanged; and When the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the rotation speed n of the driving member (132) increases.

6. The energy storage system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The PCS unit (113) is arranged at the bottom of the battery unit (111), and the storage component (131), the driving component (132) and the heat exchange component (135) are arranged at the top of the battery unit (111).

7. The energy storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling device (13) further includes a heat exchange component (135), the heat exchange component (135) being connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) and the storage component (131), the heat exchange component (135) being configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) and to transport the cooling medium that has completed the heat exchange to the storage component (131), and the heat exchange component (135) having multiple working modes; the management device (15) is further configured to: Acquiring ambient temperature and state parameters of the battery unit (111); Obtaining the heat load of the energy storage device (11) according to the state parameter; and The operating mode of the heat exchange component (135) is controlled according to the ambient temperature, a preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device (11), and a preset heat load threshold.

8. The energy storage system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly (135) includes a first heat exchange unit (1351), a second heat exchange unit (1353), a first three-way valve (1355) and a second three-way valve (1357). One end of the first heat exchange unit (1351) and the second heat exchange unit (1353) connected in parallel is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) through the first three-way valve (1355), and the other end is connected to the storage element (131) through the second three-way valve (1357). The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit (1351) is greater than the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange unit (1353). The management device (15) is further configured as follows: When the ambient temperature is greater than the ambient temperature threshold, or the heat load of the energy storage device (11) is greater than the heat load threshold, controlling the heat exchange component (135) to operate in a first mode, in which the cooling medium in the battery cold plate (133) passes through the first heat exchange unit (1351) and reaches the storage element (131); and When the ambient temperature is lower than the ambient temperature threshold and the heat load of the energy storage device (11) is lower than the heat load threshold, the heat exchange component (135) is controlled to operate in a second mode. In the second mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate (133) passes through the second heat exchange unit and reaches the storage element (131).

9. The energy storage system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first three-way valve (1355) includes a first interface, a second interface, and a third interface, wherein the first interface is communicated with the outlet of the battery cold plate (133), the second interface is communicated with the first heat exchange unit (1351), and the third interface is communicated with the second heat exchange unit (1353); the second three-way valve (1357) includes a first port, a second port, and a third port, wherein the first port is communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchange unit (1353), the second port is communicated with the storage element (131), and the third port is communicated with the outlet of the first heat exchange unit (1351); In the first mode, the first interface is connected to the second interface and is cut off from the third interface; the second port is connected to the third port and is cut off from the first port; In the second mode, the first interface is connected to the third interface and is blocked from the second interface; the second port is connected to the first port and is blocked from the third port.

10. A thermal management method for an energy storage system, characterized in that: The energy storage system (10) includes an energy storage device (11), a cooling device (13) and a management device (15), wherein the energy storage device (11) includes a battery cell (111), the cooling device (13) includes a storage element (131), a driving element (132), a battery cold plate (133) corresponding to the battery cell (111) and a solenoid valve (134), wherein the battery cold plate (133) is configured to dissipate heat for the corresponding battery cell (111), and a solenoid valve (134) is connected between the inlet of each battery cold plate (133) and the driving element (132), and the solenoid valve (134) is configured to control the flow of the cooling medium at the inlet of the battery cold plate (133). The management device (15) is connected to the solenoid valve (134) and the energy storage device (11); and the thermal management method includes: When the energy storage system (10) is in a working state, the actual temperature T of each battery cell (111) is obtained. i and the average temperature T of all the battery cells (111) avg,all ; At the average temperature T avg,all Greater than or equal to the preset set temperature T set In the case of the above, starting the thermal management function of the management device (15), the thermal management function including controlling the opening of the solenoid valve (134); and According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target Controlling the opening of the solenoid valve (134) connected to the battery cold plate (133).

11. The thermal management method according to claim 10, characterized in that: Each battery cell (111) is provided with a temperature collector; when the energy storage system (10) is in a working state, the actual temperature T of each battery cell (111) is obtained. i and the average temperature T of all the battery cells (111) avg,all ,include: Obtain the actual temperature T of the corresponding battery cell (111) collected by each temperature collector i ;and According to the actual temperature T of all the battery cells (111) i Calculate the average temperature T avg,all .

12. The thermal management method according to claim 10, wherein: According to the actual temperature T i And the preset target temperature T target Controlling the opening of the solenoid valve (134) connected to the battery cold plate (133) includes: According to the actual temperature T i , the target temperature T target , preset static coefficient K p And the preset dynamic coefficient K i The opening degree u(t) of the solenoid valve (134) is obtained.

13. The thermal management method according to claim 10, wherein: Also includes: At the average temperature T avg,all Less than the set temperature T set In this case, the thermal management function of the management device (15) is not started.

14. The thermal management method according to claim 10, wherein: The thermal management method further includes controlling the rotation speed of the driving member (132); the energy storage device (11) further includes a PCS unit (113); the cooling device (13) further includes a PCS cold plate (136), a temperature sensor (137), a pressure sensor (138) and a flow meter (139); the PCS cold plate (136) is arranged between the battery cold plate (133) and the driving member (132) and is configured to dissipate heat for the PCS unit (113); the temperature sensor (137) and the pressure sensor (138) are arranged between the battery cold plate (133) and the driving member (132) and are configured to dissipate heat for the PCS unit (113); the temperature sensor (137) and the pressure sensor (138) are arranged between the battery cold plate (133) and the driving member (132); The pressure sensor (138) is arranged between the PCS cold plate (136) and the battery cold plate (133), and is respectively configured to collect the medium temperature T and the medium pressure P at the outlet of the PCS cold plate (136); the flow meter (139) is arranged at the outlet of the driving member (132), and is configured to collect the medium flow m of the cooling medium at the outlet of the driving member (132); the management device (15) is configured to obtain the state parameter of the battery unit (111), and the thermal management method further includes: Acquiring state parameters of the battery unit (111); Obtaining the medium dryness x of the cooling medium at the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) according to the medium pressure P, the medium flow m and the state parameter; and According to the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p and the preset dryness threshold x set The rotation speed n of the driving member (132) is controlled.

15. The thermal management method according to claim 14, characterized in that: The method is based on the medium temperature T, the medium dryness x, the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p And the preset dryness threshold control x set The rotation speed of the driving member (132) includes: When the medium temperature T is lower than the preset first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 , and the medium dryness x is less than the preset dryness threshold x set In the case of , the rotation speed n of the driving member (132) is reduced; When the medium temperature T is greater than the first temperature threshold T sat,p-2 and is less than the preset second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is less than the dryness threshold x set In the case of , the rotation speed n of the driving member (132) remains unchanged; and When the medium temperature T is greater than the second temperature threshold T sat,p , and the medium dryness x is greater than the dryness threshold x set In this case, the rotation speed n of the driving member (132) increases.

16. The thermal management method according to claim 10, characterized in that: The cooling device (13) further includes a heat exchange component (135), the heat exchange component (135) being connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) and the storage component (131), the heat exchange component (135) being configured to exchange heat with the cooling medium flowing out of the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) and to transport the cooling medium that has completed the heat exchange to the storage component (131), and the heat exchange component (135) having multiple working modes; the management device (15) is further configured to obtain the state parameters of the battery unit (111); the thermal management method further includes: Acquiring ambient temperature and state parameters of the battery unit (111); Obtaining the heat load of the energy storage device (11) according to the state parameter; and The operating mode of the heat exchange component (135) is controlled according to the ambient temperature, a preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device (11), and a preset heat load threshold.

17. The thermal management method according to claim 16, characterized in that: The heat exchange assembly (135) includes a first heat exchange unit (1351), a second heat exchange unit (1353), a first three-way valve (1355) and a second three-way valve (1357). One end of the first heat exchange unit (1351) and the second heat exchange unit (1353) connected in parallel is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate (133) through the first three-way valve (1355), and the other end is connected to the storage element (131) through the second three-way valve (1357). The heat exchange efficiency of the first heat exchange unit (1351) is greater than the heat exchange efficiency of the second heat exchange unit (1353). The management device (15) controls the working mode of the heat exchange assembly (135) according to the ambient temperature, the preset ambient temperature threshold, the heat load of the energy storage device (11) and the preset heat load threshold, including: When the ambient temperature is greater than the ambient temperature threshold, or the heat load of the energy storage device (11) is greater than the heat load threshold, controlling the heat exchange component (135) to operate in a first mode, in which the cooling medium in the battery cold plate (133) passes through the first heat exchange unit (1351) and reaches the storage element (131); and When the ambient temperature is lower than the ambient temperature threshold and the heat load of the energy storage device (11) is lower than the heat load threshold, the heat exchange component (135) is controlled to operate in a second mode. In the second mode, the cooling medium in the battery cold plate (133) passes through the second heat exchange unit (1353) and reaches the storage element (131).

18. The thermal management method according to claim 17, wherein: The first three-way valve (1355) includes a first interface, a second interface and a third interface, the first interface is connected to the outlet of the battery cold plate (133), the second interface is connected to the first heat exchange unit (1351), and the third interface is connected to the second heat exchange unit (1353); the second three-way valve (1357) includes a first port, a second port and a third port, the first port is connected to the outlet of the second heat exchange unit (1353), the second port is connected to the storage element (131), and the third port is connected to the outlet of the first heat exchange unit (1351); In the first mode, the first interface is connected to the second interface and is cut off from the third interface; the second port is connected to the third port and is cut off from the first port; and In the second mode, the first interface is connected to the third interface and is blocked from the second interface; the second port is connected to the first port and is blocked from the third port.

19. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises one or more processors (50) and a memory (70), wherein the memory (70) stores a computer program (202), and when the computer program (202) is executed by the processor (50), the steps of the method according to any one of claims 10 to 18 are implemented.

20. A computer program product comprising a computer program (202), characterized in that When the computer program (202) is executed by the processor (50), the steps of the method according to any one of claims 10 to 18 are implemented.

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