A GNSS antenna

Abstract

This application relates to the field of antennas and discloses a GNSS antenna. The GNSS antenna provided in this application includes a base, a first loop antenna, and a snap-fit ​​portion disposed on the base. The first loop antenna includes a ring-shaped metal sheet and a bent portion. The bent portion includes a first arm and a second arm, which are connected to each other to form an L-shape. The first arm extends along a first direction and connects to the outer edge of the ring-shaped metal sheet. The second arm is located between the base and the ring-shaped metal sheet and extends radially from the outer edge to the center of the ring-shaped metal sheet. The snap-fit ​​portion can snap onto the second arm to mount the first loop antenna on the base. The loop antenna in the GNSS antenna provided in this application has relatively low molding difficulty and is easy to mass-produce.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular to a GNSS antenna. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, loop antennas in Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) antennas have complex shapes. For example, a loop antenna includes multiple flat sections and multiple recesses. Manufacturing such a loop antenna requires stamping multiple sections of a ring-shaped metal sheet to obtain these flat and recessed sections, and the size of the ring-shaped metal sheet shrinks after stamping. Therefore, the molding of loop antennas is quite difficult, and it is impossible to precisely control the size of the loop antenna, meaning it is impossible to guarantee that each loop antenna is the same size, which may prevent mass production of loop antennas. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a GNSS antenna. The following describes this application from multiple perspectives, and the implementation methods and beneficial effects described below can be referenced interchangeably.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of this application provide a GNSS antenna, comprising: a base (1), a first loop antenna (2), and a snap-fit ​​portion (3) disposed on the base (1). The first loop antenna (2) is disposed on a first side of the base (1) along a first direction (Z). The first loop antenna (2) includes an annular metal sheet (21) and a bent portion (22). The bent portion (22) includes a first arm (221) and a second arm (222). The first arm (221) and the second arm (222) are connected to each other to form an L-shape. The first arm (221) extends along the first direction and is connected to the outer edge of the annular metal sheet (21). The second arm (222) is located between the base and the annular metal sheet (21) and extends radially from the outer edge of the annular metal sheet (21) towards the center of the annular metal sheet (21). The snap-fit ​​portion (3) can snap-fit ​​with the second arm (222) to mount the first loop antenna (2) on the base (1).

[0005] The loop antenna in this embodiment of the GNSS antenna has a relatively simple shape. When the first loop antenna is in the unfolded state, both the first and second arms of the bent portion can be parallel to the plane of the loop metal sheet. When manufacturing this antenna, the bent portion can be directly bent into an L-shape without affecting the size of the loop metal sheet 21, and the process is simple and the molding difficulty is relatively low. Thus, the first loop antenna 2 can be mass-produced.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the base (1) includes a substrate (11) and a boss (12) disposed on the surface of the substrate (11); the boss (12) includes a first surface facing the first side, and the latching part (3) includes a second surface facing away from the first side, the first surface and the second surface being disposed opposite to each other and spaced apart along the first direction; the latching part (3) is used to latch the second arm (222) between the first surface and the second surface.

[0007] It is understandable that an unstable fixed loop antenna in a GNSS antenna can easily affect the signal transmission of the antenna, thereby affecting the GNSS function of the antenna. In this embodiment, a latching part 3 (e.g., a latching part for latching the second arm 222) is provided on the base 1 to adapt to the shape of the first loop antenna 2, so that the first loop antenna 2 can be stably and firmly installed on the base to ensure the signal transmission of the GNSS antenna, that is, to ensure the GNSS function of the GNSS antenna.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the snap-fit ​​part (3) further includes a fixing part (13), and the annular metal piece (21) is provided with a through hole (23) corresponding to the position of the fixing part (13), and the fixing part (13) is inserted into the through hole to fix the annular metal piece (21).

[0009] It is understandable that fixing the annular metal piece 21 with the fixing part 13 can further ensure the installation stability of the first annular antenna 2.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the number of the bends (22) is multiple, and the multiple bends (22) are distributed at circumferential intervals along the annular metal sheet (21).

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the free end of the bent portion (22) is connected to the outer edge of the annular metal sheet (21); and the first arm (221) is parallel to the first direction, and the second arm (222) is parallel to the plane in which the annular metal sheet (21) is located.

[0012] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the GNSS antenna further includes a first feed terminal (41) for feeding the first loop antenna (2); the first feed terminal (41) includes a third arm (411) and a fourth arm (412), the third arm (411) and the fourth arm (412) being connected to each other to form an L-shape, the third arm (411) extending along the first direction and being inserted into the base (1), the fourth arm (412) being opposite to and spaced apart from the annular metal sheet (21) along the first direction and being electromagnetically coupled to the first loop antenna (2); wherein the width (w3) of the fourth arm (412) is greater than the width (w2) of the third arm (411).

[0013] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, both the third arm (411) and the fourth arm (412) are rectangular sheet structures.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the third arm (411) is a trapezoidal sheet structure, the fourth arm (412) is a rectangular sheet structure, the large end of the third arm (411) is connected to the fourth arm (412), and the width of the fourth arm (412) is the same as the width of the large end of the third arm (411).

[0015] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the third arm (411) is a rectangular sheet structure, the fourth arm (412) is a trapezoidal sheet structure, the small end of the third arm (411) is connected to the small end of the fourth arm (412), and the width of the small end of the fourth arm (412) is the same as the width of the third arm (411).

[0016] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, there are two first feed terminals (41), which are used to feed the first position (211) and the second position (212) of the first loop antenna (2), respectively. The angle between the line (L1) connecting the first position (211) and the center of the first loop antenna (2) and the line (L2) connecting the second position (212) and the center of the first loop antenna (2) is 90°.

[0017] It is understandable that the two first feed terminals 41 can be spatially aligned at 90 degrees. The first loop antenna 2 is a circularly polarized antenna. When the two feed terminals spatially aligned at 90 degrees feed the first loop antenna 2, two orthogonal current or voltage components can be generated on the first loop antenna 2. The feed network ensures that there is a 90-degree phase difference between these two current or voltage components, thereby achieving circular polarization of the antenna.

[0018] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the GNSS antenna further includes a second loop antenna (6), which is sleeved inside the first loop antenna (2) and does not contact the first loop antenna (2); the operating frequency of the first loop antenna (2) is higher than the operating frequency of the second loop antenna (6).

[0019] In one possible implementation of the first aspect above, the GNSS antenna further includes a third loop antenna, which is sleeved inside the second loop antenna (6) and does not contact the second loop antenna (6); the operating frequency of the second loop antenna (6) is higher than the operating frequency of the third loop antenna.

[0020] It is understood that the larger the coupling area between the feed terminal and the loop antenna, the stronger the electromagnetic coupling, and thus the larger the operating bandwidth of the loop antenna. For example, if the GNSS antenna 200 includes a first loop antenna 2, a second loop antenna 6, and a third loop antenna, and the first loop antenna 2 operates in a lower frequency band, the second loop antenna 6 operates in a mid-frequency band, and the third loop antenna operates in a higher frequency band, then by designing the coupling area between the feed terminal and the loop antennas, the operating bandwidth of each loop antenna can be increased, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth of the GNSS antenna. Thus, the GNSS antenna provided in this embodiment has broadband characteristics, can cover multiple operating frequency bands, and can improve the antenna's operating bandwidth.

[0021] In one possible implementation of the first aspect described above, the base (1) is made of plastic.

[0022] In this embodiment, the base 1 can also be made of other lightweight materials, such as fiberglass composites, which have a density lower than that of ceramic materials. For example, in this embodiment, the GNSS antenna has dimensions of 60*60*10mm and a weight of 15.5g. This embodiment ensures that the GNSS function is achieved while reducing the weight of the GNSS antenna, which is more in line with the development of lightweight vehicles. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a ceramic antenna is shown according to some embodiments of this application;

[0024] Figure 2A According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the structure of a GNSS antenna is shown;

[0025] Figure 2B An exploded schematic diagram of a GNSS antenna is shown according to some embodiments of this application;

[0026] Figure 3 According to some embodiments of this application, a structural schematic diagram of a GNSS antenna base is shown;

[0027] Figure 4A According to some embodiments of this application, an exemplary structure of the snap-fit ​​portion is shown;

[0028] Figure 4B According to some embodiments of this application, another exemplary structure of the snap-fit ​​portion is shown;

[0029] Figure 5A According to some embodiments of this application, yet another exemplary structure of the snap-fit ​​portion is shown;

[0030] Figure 5B According to some embodiments of this application, another exemplary structure of the snap-fit ​​portion is shown;

[0031] Figure 6 According to some embodiments of this application, another exemplary structure of the snap-fit ​​portion is shown;

[0032] Figure 7 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of a PCB board connected with a power supply terminal is shown;

[0033] Figure 8 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of another PCB board structure connected with power supply terminals is shown;

[0034] Figure 9 According to some embodiments of this application, a schematic diagram of the operating performance of a GNSS antenna is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The illustrative embodiments of this application include, but are not limited to, a GNSS antenna. The antenna of this application is described below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0036] As mentioned earlier, the molding of loop antennas in existing GNSS antennas is quite difficult, and the size of loop antennas cannot be precisely controlled, meaning that it is impossible to guarantee that each loop antenna is the same size, which may prevent the mass production of loop antennas.

[0037] In view of this, this application provides a GNSS antenna. The GNSS antenna provided in this application includes a base, a first loop antenna, and a snap-fit ​​portion disposed on the base. The first loop antenna includes an annular metal sheet and a bent portion. The bent portion includes a first arm and a second arm, which are connected to each other to form an L-shape. The first arm extends along a first direction and connects to the outer edge of the annular metal sheet. The second arm is located between the base and the annular metal sheet and extends radially from the outer edge to the center of the annular metal sheet. The snap-fit ​​portion can snap onto the second arm to mount the first loop antenna on the base.

[0038] The loop antenna in the GNSS antenna of this embodiment has a relatively simple shape. When the first loop antenna is in the unfolded state, both the first and second arms of the bent portion can be parallel to the plane of the loop metal sheet. When manufacturing this antenna, the bent portion can be directly bent into an L-shape without affecting the size of the loop metal sheet, and the process is simple and the molding difficulty is relatively low. Thus, the first loop antenna can be mass-produced.

[0039] In existing technical solutions, GNSS antennas can be ceramic antennas. (See reference...) Figure 1 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a ceramic antenna 100 is shown. The ceramic antenna 100 includes a ceramic base 101, a silver layer 102, and metal pins 103. The silver layer 102 is coated on the surface of the ceramic base 101 and serves as the radiator of the ceramic antenna 100. The metal pins 103 are used to connect to a circuit board to feed the silver layer 102, thereby enabling the ceramic antenna 100 to transmit signals. For example, the metal pins 103 may be PIN pins.

[0040] Because the ceramic base 101 is made of ceramic, and ceramic is relatively heavy, the overall weight of the ceramic antenna 100 is also relatively large. When the ceramic antenna 100 is used in a car, it will cause the car to consume more fuel (traditional fuel vehicles) or more battery power (new energy vehicles). For example, when the ceramic antenna 100 has dimensions of 50*50*10mm, its weight can be 76.7g.

[0041] The base of the GNSS antenna in this embodiment can be made of a lightweight material, such as plastic, which has a density lower than that of ceramic materials. For example, when the GNSS antenna in this embodiment has dimensions of 60*60*10mm, its weight can be 15.5g. Thus, when the GNSS antenna dimensions are similar, the GNSS antenna in this embodiment can reduce its weight by 80% compared to the ceramic antenna 100. That is, the GNSS antenna in this embodiment is more in line with the development of lightweight vehicles.

[0042] Understandable, Figure 1 In the ceramic antenna 100 shown, the silver layer 102 can serve as a radiation loop. By feeding the silver layer 102, the ceramic antenna 100 can transmit signals, thereby achieving GNSS functionality. In the GNSS antenna of this embodiment, the first loop antenna can serve as a radiation loop. By feeding the first loop antenna, the GNSS antenna can transmit signals, thereby achieving GNSS functionality. Therefore, this application can also guarantee the GNSS functionality of the antenna.

[0043] The technical solution of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0044] Figure 2A An exemplary structural diagram of a GNSS antenna provided in an embodiment of this application is shown. Figure 2B It shows Figure 2A The diagram shows an exploded view of a GNSS antenna.

[0045] refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B The GNSS antenna 200 includes a base 1, a first loop antenna 2, and a snap-fit ​​part 3 disposed on the base 1. The first loop antenna 2 is disposed on a first side of the base 1 along the Z direction (an example of the first direction) and is fixedly mounted on the base 1 by the snap-fit ​​part 3.

[0046] Specifically, the first loop antenna 2 includes a loop metal sheet 21 and a bent portion 22. The bent portion 22 includes a first arm 221 and a second arm 222, which can be connected to each other to form an L-shape. The first arm 221 extends along the Z-direction and connects to the outer edge of the loop metal sheet 21. The second arm 222 is located between the base 1 and the loop metal sheet 21 and extends radially from the outer edge to the center of the loop metal sheet 21. The snap-fit ​​portion 3 can snap-fit ​​with the second arm 222 to fix the first loop antenna 2 on the base 1.

[0047] It is understandable that an unstable fixed loop antenna in a GNSS antenna can easily affect the signal transmission of the antenna, thereby affecting the GNSS function of the antenna. In this embodiment, a latching part 3 (e.g., a latching part for latching the second arm 222) is provided on the base 1 to adapt to the shape of the first loop antenna 2, so that the first loop antenna 2 can be stably and firmly installed on the base to ensure the signal transmission of the GNSS antenna, that is, to ensure the GNSS function of the GNSS antenna.

[0048] In some embodiments, the base 1 can be made of a lightweight material, such as plastic or fiberglass composite, which has a density lower than that of ceramic materials. This allows for a reduction in the weight of the GNSS antenna while still achieving its GNSS functionality.

[0049] refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B In some embodiments, the first loop antenna 2 may include a plurality of bends 22, and the plurality of bends 22 may be distributed at intervals along the circumference of the loop metal sheet 21. For example, the first loop antenna 2 may be a rectangular loop antenna, which may include eight bends 22, and two bends 22 may be distributed on each side of the antenna.

[0050] In this embodiment, the number of bends 22 in the first loop antenna 2 can be designed according to actual application requirements. For example, it can be designed according to the size of the first loop antenna 2. When the first loop antenna 2 is relatively large, the number of bends 22 can be increased, for example, to 10, 12, 16, etc. This application does not impose a specific limitation on the number of bends in the loop antenna.

[0051] In some embodiments, the free end of the bent portion 22 may be connected to the outer edge of the annular metal sheet 21, and the first arm 221 may be parallel to the Z direction, and the second arm 222 may be parallel to the plane containing the annular metal sheet 21 (e.g., the plane formed by the X and Y directions). The edge furthest from the center of the annular metal sheet 21 along its radial direction is the outer edge of the annular metal sheet 21.

[0052] In this embodiment, when the first loop antenna 2 is in an unfolded state, both the first arm 221 and the second arm 222 of the bent portion 22 are parallel to the plane containing the loop metal sheet 21. When manufacturing the first loop antenna 2, the first arm 221 and the second arm 222 can be directly bent into an L-shape without affecting the dimensions of the loop metal sheet 21. Furthermore, the process is simple and the molding difficulty is relatively low. Thus, the first loop antenna 2 can be mass-produced, and product quality and the antenna's GNSS performance can be guaranteed.

[0053] The following is combined Figures 3 to 6 An exemplary fixing method for the first loop antenna 2 is described.

[0054] Figure 3 An exemplary structural diagram of a base 1 is shown. This is to facilitate observation of the specific structure of the base 1. Figure 3 The first loop antenna 2 is not shown. Figures 4A to 5B Various exemplary structures of the snap-fit ​​part 3 are shown.

[0055] refer to Figure 3The number of latching parts 3 can be multiple, and different latching parts can latch with different sections of the first loop antenna 2. For example, the latching part 3 may include multiple first latching parts 31 that latch with the second arms 222 of multiple bends 22. As another example, the latching part 3 may also include multiple second latching parts 33 that latch with the annular metal piece 21. In this way, the installation stability of the first loop antenna 2 can be ensured.

[0056] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4A In some embodiments, the base 1 may include a substrate 11 and a boss 12 disposed on the surface of the substrate 11. The boss 12 may include a surface 121 facing the first side (as an example of a first surface), and the first engaging portion 31 may include a surface 311 facing away from the first side (as an example of a second surface). The surfaces 121 and 311 are opposite to each other and spaced apart along the Z direction. The first engaging portion 31 is used to engage the second arm 222 between the surfaces 121 and 311.

[0057] It is understood that the number of first snap-fit ​​portions 31 can be the same as the number of bent portions 22, and the number of protrusions 12 can be the same as the number of first snap-fit ​​portions 31, so that multiple first snap-fit ​​portions 31 can cooperate with multiple protrusions 12 to snap-fit ​​multiple second arms 222.

[0058] In some embodiments, the first latching portion 31 may also be replaced by the third latching portion 32. (See reference...) Figure 3 and Figure 4B The boss 12 may include two surfaces (as another example of the first surface) spaced apart along the X direction and facing the first side, namely surface 122 and surface 123. The third engaging portion 32 may include a surface 321 facing away from the first side (as an example of the second surface), with surfaces 122 and 123 being opposite to and spaced apart from surface 321 along the Z direction. The third engaging portion 32 is used to engage the second arm 222 between surface 122 and surface 321, and between surface 123 and surface 321.

[0059] It is understandable that the number of first surfaces on boss 12 can be designed based on the dimensions of the second arm 222 (e.g., its dimension in the X direction). If the dimension of the second arm 222 in the X direction is relatively small, then a reference can be made. Figure 4A The boss 12 may include a first surface (surface 121). If the second arm 222 has a large dimension in the X direction, then refer to... Figure 4B The boss 12 may include two first surfaces (surface 122 and surface 123) to ensure the installation stability of the first loop antenna.

[0060] In some embodiments, reference Figure 3 and Figure 5AThe second latching portion 33 may include a surface 331 facing away from the first side and a surface 332 facing the first side. The second latching portion 33 is used to latch the annular metal piece 21 between the surfaces 332 and 332. There may be multiple second latching portions 33 to further secure multiple segments of the annular metal piece 21, thereby ensuring the installation stability of the first annular antenna 2. For example, there may be two second latching portions 33.

[0061] In some embodiments, the second latching portion 33 may also be replaced by a fourth latching portion 34. (See reference...) Figure 3 and Figure 5B The fourth snap-fit ​​portion 34 may include a surface 331 facing away from the first side and a surface 332 facing the first side, and the second snap-fit ​​portion 33 is used to snap the annular metal piece 21 between the surfaces 332 and 332.

[0062] refer to Figure 2B , Figure 3 and Figure 6 In some embodiments, the snap-fit ​​part 3 further includes a fixing part 13. The annular metal sheet 21 has a through hole 23 corresponding to the position of the fixing part 13. The fixing part 13 can be inserted into the through hole 23 to fix the annular metal sheet 21, thereby further ensuring the installation stability of the first annular antenna 2.

[0063] Specifically, the fixing part 13 may include a protrusion 131 and a surface 132 facing the first side. The protrusion 131 may be inserted into the through hole 23 so that the side surface of the annular metal piece 21 facing the base 1 contacts the surface 132 to fix the annular metal piece 21.

[0064] It is understandable that there can be multiple fixing parts 13 to further ensure the installation stability of the first loop antenna 2.

[0065] refer to Figure 2A In some embodiments, the GNSS antenna 200 may further include a first feed terminal 41 (as an example of a first feed terminal). The first feed terminal 41 is used to feed the first loop antenna 2. It is understood that the first feed terminal 41 needs to be connected to a feed network to feed the first loop antenna 2, wherein the feed network may be disposed on a PCB board.

[0066] For example, refer to Figure 2A A PCB board 5 can be installed on the second side of the base 1 along the Z direction (i.e. the side facing the negative Z direction), and the first power supply terminal 41 can pass through the base 1 and be electrically connected to the PCB board 5.

[0067] The following is combined Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 7 and Figure 8This section describes an exemplary structure of the first power supply terminal. For ease of observation, Figure 7 and Figure 8 The first power supply terminal and PCB board are shown.

[0068] refer to Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the first feed terminal 41 may include a third arm 411 and a fourth arm 412, which are interconnected to form an L-shape. The third arm 411 extends along the Z-direction and is inserted into the base 1. The fourth arm 412 is positioned opposite and spaced apart from the annular metal sheet 21 along the Z-direction and is electromagnetically coupled to the first annular antenna 2. The width w3 of the fourth arm 412 may be greater than the width w2 of the third arm 411, and the arm length L3 of the fourth arm 412 may be less than or equal to the width w1 of the annular metal sheet 21. The width w1 may be the radial dimension of the annular metal sheet 21.

[0069] For example, the length L3 of the fourth arm 412 can be 0.05 times the operating wavelength of the first loop antenna 2.

[0070] It can be understood that the area of ​​the surface of the fourth arm 412 facing the first loop antenna 2 is the coupling area between the first feed terminal 41 and the first loop antenna 2. The arm length L3 of the fourth arm 412 being less than or equal to the width w1 of the ring metal sheet 21 can reduce reflection loss, improve electromagnetic coupling efficiency, and thus improve the working efficiency of the first loop antenna 2.

[0071] In some embodiments, both the third arm 411 and the fourth arm 412 can be sheet-like structures.

[0072] For example, both the third arm 411 and the fourth arm 412 can be rectangular sheet structures, meaning the structure of the first feed terminal 41 can refer to the structure of the second feed terminal 42. (Reference) Figure 7 Specifically, the second power supply terminal 42 may include a fifth arm 421 and a sixth arm 422, and the width w5 of the sixth arm 422 of the second power supply terminal 42 may be greater than the width w4 of the fifth arm 421.

[0073] For example, the third arm 411 can be a trapezoidal sheet structure, and the fourth arm 412 can be a rectangular sheet structure. (See reference) Figure 7 The large end of the third arm 411 is connected to the fourth arm 412. The width w3 of the fourth arm 412 is the same as the width of the large end of the third arm 411, that is, the width w3 of the fourth arm 412 is greater than the width w2 of the small end of the third arm 411.

[0074] For example, the third arm 411 can be a rectangular sheet structure, and the fourth arm 412 can be a trapezoidal sheet structure. (See reference) Figure 8The small end of the third arm 411 is connected to the small end of the fourth arm 412. The width of the small end of the fourth arm 412 is the same as the width w2 of the third arm 411. That is, the width w3 of the large end of the fourth arm 412 can be greater than the width w2 of the third arm 411.

[0075] For example, the third arm 411 can be a rectangular sheet structure, and the fourth arm 412 can be an L-shaped sheet structure; that is, the structure of the first feed terminal 41 can refer to the structure of the third feed terminal 43. (Reference) Figure 7 Specifically, the third power supply terminal 43 may include a seventh arm 431 and an eighth arm 432. The seventh arm 431 may be connected to the longest end of the eighth arm 432, and the width w7 of the shortest end of the eighth arm 432 may be greater than the width w6 of the seventh arm 431.

[0076] In some embodiments, the number of first feed terminals 41 can be two. (See reference...) Figure 2B and Figure 7 Two first feed terminals 41 can be spaced apart and are used to feed the first position 211 and the second position 212 of the first loop antenna 2, respectively. The angle between the line L1 connecting the first position 211 and the center of the first loop antenna 2 and the line L2 connecting the second position 212 and the center of the first loop antenna 2 is 90°. That is to say, the two first feed terminals 41 are spatially aligned at 90 degrees.

[0077] It can be understood that the first loop antenna 2 is a circularly polarized antenna. When the two feed terminals that are 90 degrees apart in space feed the first loop antenna 2, two orthogonal current or voltage components can be generated on the first loop antenna 2. The feed network ensures that there is a 90-degree phase difference between the two current or voltage components, thereby realizing the circular polarization of the antenna.

[0078] In some embodiments, the two first power supply terminals 41 can be fixed to the base 1 via the second snap-fit ​​portion 33. (Refer to reference) Figure 5A The second snap-fit ​​part 33 can snap the fourth arm 412 of the first power supply terminal 41 between the annular metal piece 21 and the base 1.

[0079] In some embodiments, continue to refer to Figure 2A and Figure 2B The GNSS antenna 200 may further include a second loop antenna 6, which may be fitted inside the first loop antenna 2, and the second loop antenna 6 and the first loop antenna 2 are not in contact. The operating frequency of the first loop antenna 2 is higher than the operating frequency of the second loop antenna 6.

[0080] The second loop antenna 6 may include a loop metal sheet 61 and a bent portion 62. The bent portion 62 may include a ninth arm 621 and a tenth arm 622, which may be connected to each other to form an L-shape. The structure of the second loop antenna 6 can be referred to the relevant description of the first loop antenna 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0081] It is understood that the size of the annular metal piece 21 of the first loop antenna 2 may be different from the size of the annular metal piece 61 of the second loop antenna 6. For example, the width w1 of the annular metal piece 21 may be greater than the width w8 of the annular metal piece 61.

[0082] Reference Figure 2B and Figure 3 The first latching part 31 on the base 1 can be used to latch the annular metal piece 61 of the second loop antenna 6, and the fourth latching part 34 can be used to latch the tenth arm 622 of the bent part 62 of the second loop antenna 6. Furthermore, the third latching part 32 can be used to latch the annular metal piece 21 of the first loop antenna 2, and the second latching part 33 can be used to latch the second arm 222 of the bent part 22 of the first loop antenna 2.

[0083] It is understandable that when a GNSS antenna includes two loop antennas, the structure of the locking part on the base 1 for securing the two loop antennas can be different. The specific fixing method of the second loop antenna 6 can also refer to the relevant description of the fixing method of the first loop antenna 2 mentioned above, and will not be repeated here.

[0084] refer to Figure 2A , Figure 2B and Figure 7 In some embodiments, the GNSS antenna 200 may further include two second feed terminals 42, which can be used to feed the second loop antenna 6. For example, the fifth arm 421 and the sixth arm 422 of the second feed terminal 42 can both be rectangular sheet structures.

[0085] In some embodiments, the two second power supply terminals 42 can be fixed to the base 1 via the fourth snap-fit ​​portion 34. (Refer to reference) Figure 5B The fourth snap-fit ​​part 34 can snap the sixth arm 422 of the second power supply terminal 42 between the annular metal piece 61 and the base 1.

[0086] In some embodiments, the GNSS antenna 200 may further include a third loop antenna (not shown in the figure), which may be sleeved inside the second loop antenna 6, and the third loop antenna and the second loop antenna 6 are not in contact. The operating frequency of the third loop antenna may be lower than the operating frequency of the second loop antenna 6. The structure of the third loop antenna can be referred to the relevant description of the first loop antenna 2 above, and the fixing method of the third loop antenna can also be referred to the relevant description of the fixing method of the first loop antenna 2 above, and will not be repeated here.

[0087] refer to Figure 7 In some embodiments, the GNSS antenna 200 may further include two third feed terminals 43, which are used to feed the third loop antenna. For example, the seventh arm 431 of the third feed terminal 43 may be a rectangular sheet structure, and the eighth arm 432 may be an L-shaped sheet structure.

[0088] In some embodiments, the two feed terminals feeding the same loop antenna can have the same structure. For example, the third arm 411 of both first feed terminals 41 can be a trapezoidal sheet structure, and the fourth arm 412 of both first feed terminals 41 can be a rectangular sheet structure.

[0089] It is understood that the larger the coupling area between the feed terminal and the loop antenna, the stronger the electromagnetic coupling, and thus the larger the operating bandwidth of the loop antenna. For example, if the GNSS antenna 200 includes a first loop antenna 2, a second loop antenna 6, and a third loop antenna, and the first loop antenna 2 operates in a lower frequency band, the second loop antenna 6 operates in a mid-frequency band, and the third loop antenna operates in a higher frequency band, then by designing the coupling area between the feed terminal and the loop antennas, the operating bandwidth of each loop antenna can be increased, thereby increasing the operating bandwidth of the GNSS antenna.

[0090] In some embodiments, corresponding to the case where the GNSS antenna includes a first loop antenna 2 and a second loop antenna 6, the operating performance of the GNSS antenna can be referenced. Figure 9 In this figure, the horizontal axis represents frequency, and the vertical axis represents antenna gain. For example... Figure 9 As shown, the first loop antenna 2 can operate in a lower frequency band (e.g., 1.14 GHz to 1.23 GHz), and the second loop antenna 6 can operate in a higher frequency band (e.g., 1.44 GHz to 1.7 GHz). The operating bandwidth of the first loop antenna 2 can be 55 MHz, and the frequency gain within the operating bandwidth can be greater than 3 dB. The operating bandwidth of the second loop antenna 6 can be 78 MHz, and the frequency gain within the operating bandwidth can be greater than 3 dB.

[0091] Thus, the GNSS antenna provided in this application embodiment has broadband characteristics, can cover multiple operating frequency bands, and can improve the antenna's operating bandwidth.

[0092] It should be noted that in this specification, similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0093] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "bottom", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of this application is usually placed in. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0094] The terms “first”, “second”, etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0095] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0096] Although this application has been illustrated and described with reference to certain embodiments thereof, those skilled in the art should understand that the above description is a further detailed explanation of this application in conjunction with specific embodiments, and should not be construed as limiting the specific implementation of this application to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various changes in form and detail, including some simple deductions or substitutions, without departing from the spirit and scope of this application.

Claims

1. A GNSS antenna, characterized in that, include: The base (1) includes a substrate (11) and a boss (12) disposed on the surface of the substrate (11), the boss (12) being disposed on a first side of the substrate (11) along a first direction (Z); A first loop antenna (2) is disposed on a first side of the base (1) along a first direction (Z). The boss (12) includes a first surface facing the first side. The first loop antenna (2) includes an annular metal sheet (21) and a bent portion (22). The bent portion (22) includes a first arm (221) and a second arm (222). The first arm (221) and the second arm (222) are connected to each other to form an L-shape. The first arm (221) extends along the first direction and is connected to the outer edge of the annular metal sheet (21). The second arm (222) is located between the base and the annular metal sheet (21) and extends radially from the outer edge of the annular metal sheet (21) to the center of the annular metal sheet (21). A snap-fit ​​part (3) is provided on the base (1) and includes a second surface facing away from the first side. The first surface and the second surface are opposite to each other and spaced apart along the first direction. The snap-fit ​​part (3) snaps the second arm (222) between the first surface and the second surface to install the first loop antenna (2) on the base (1). The first feed terminal (41) is used to feed the first loop antenna (2). The first feed terminal (41) includes a third arm (411) and a fourth arm (412). The third arm (411) and the fourth arm (412) are connected to each other to form an L-shape. The third arm (411) extends along the first direction and is inserted into the base (1). The fourth arm (412) is opposite to and spaced apart from the annular metal plate (21) along the first direction and is electromagnetically coupled to the first loop antenna (2). The width (w3) of the fourth arm (412) is greater than the width (w2) of the third arm (411).

2. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The snap-fit ​​part (3) also includes a fixing part (13). The annular metal piece (21) has a through hole (23) corresponding to the position of the fixing part (13). The fixing part (13) is inserted into the through hole to fix the annular metal piece (21).

3. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The number of the bending portions (22) is multiple, and the multiple bending portions (22) are distributed at intervals along the circumference of the annular metal sheet (21).

4. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The free end of the bent portion (22) is connected to the outer edge of the annular metal sheet (21); Furthermore, the first arm (221) is parallel to the first direction, and the second arm (222) is parallel to the plane where the annular metal sheet (21) is located.

5. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the third arm (411) and the fourth arm (412) are rectangular sheet structures.

6. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third arm (411) is a trapezoidal sheet structure, and the fourth arm (412) is a rectangular sheet structure. The large end of the third arm (411) is connected to the fourth arm (412), and the width of the fourth arm (412) is the same as the width of the large end of the third arm (411).

7. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third arm (411) is a rectangular sheet structure, and the fourth arm (412) is a trapezoidal sheet structure. The small end of the third arm (411) is connected to the small end of the fourth arm (412), and the width of the small end of the fourth arm (412) is the same as the width of the third arm (411).

8. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, There are two first feeding terminals (41). The two first feeding terminals (41) are used to feed the first position (211) and the second position (212) of the first loop antenna (2) respectively. The angle between the line (L1) connecting the first position (211) and the center of the first loop antenna (2) and the line (L2) connecting the second position (212) and the center of the first loop antenna (2) is 90°.

9. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The GNSS antenna also includes a second loop antenna (6), which is sleeved inside the first loop antenna (2) and does not contact the first loop antenna (2); The operating frequency of the first loop antenna (2) is higher than that of the second loop antenna (6).

10. The GNSS antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The GNSS antenna also includes a third loop antenna, which is sleeved inside the second loop antenna (6) and does not contact the second loop antenna (6); The operating frequency of the second loop antenna (6) is higher than that of the third loop antenna.

11. The GNSS antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base (1) is made of plastic.

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