Compound pig feed additive and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of novel feed. The invention provides a compound pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof, the feed additive is prepared by taking ginger powder and wheat bran powder as fermentation substrates and taking a mixture of lactobacillus plantarum, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus casei and saccharomyces cerevisiae as fermentation microorganisms through fermentation. The feed additive has an excellent deodorization effect on pig manure, can improve the intestinal health of pigs and reduce the diarrhea rate of the pigs, has the effect of improving the pork quality, is convenient to use, obviously reduces the feeding cost, and has a good market prospect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of breeding, and in particular to a composite pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Intensive pig farming, as an important model for improving production efficiency in modern animal husbandry, brings economies of scale but also faces numerous challenges, such as the foul smell of pig manure, which harms the health of pigs and workers and reduces air quality. The causes of the foul smell of pig manure include: 1. Feeding high-protein feed with low digestibility and absorption rate results in the feed nutrients not being fully absorbed and utilized by pigs; 2. Intestinal flora imbalance increases the chance of diarrhea.

[0003] Currently, there are three technologies for treating pig manure odor: source reduction, process control, and terminal treatment. Although process control and terminal treatment are effective, they each have significant technical and economic shortcomings. For example, there is a prebiotic feed additive and a preparation method for promoting pig intestinal health, as applied for in Patent Publication No. CN119073464A, which reduces fecal odor from the source. However, the production steps are relatively complicated and the cost is high. Another is a microecological feed for improving intestinal health and deodorizing, as applied for in Patent Publication No. CN115669803A, which also aims to reduce pig manure odor. However, it requires more raw materials, has complicated production steps, and does not have the effect of improving pork quality.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention is specially proposed to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a composite pig feed additive, to which a fermented mixture containing ginger and wheat bran is added. The technical solution of the present invention is not only easy to implement and cost-effective, but also improves the intestinal flora of pigs while reducing fecal odor, and has a significant effect on improving the quality of meat.

[0006] The specific technical solutions provided by the present invention are: A composite pig feed additive consists of a fermented mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, citric acid, vitamin C and minerals.

[0007] The preparation method of the fermented mixture containing ginger and wheat bran comprises: (1) Slice ginger and wheat bran, dry them at 60-80°C for 24 hours, and then grind them through a 200-mesh sieve to make powder; (2) Mix the fermentation liquid into the ginger and wheat bran powders, and ferment at 30-40°C for 2-3 days.

[0008] Preferably, in step (1), ginger and wheat bran are mixed in a ratio of 2.5:1 by weight.

[0009] Preferably, in step (2), the weight ratio of the fermentation broth to the powder of ginger and wheat bran is (3-4):1.

[0010] Preferably, the concentration of the fermentation liquid in step (2) is 1*10 8 cfu / mL, Bacillus subtilis 2*10 6 cfu / mL, Lactobacillus casei 1.5*10 6 cfu / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2*10 6 cfu / mL.

[0011] Preferably, the feed additive consists of 90-110 parts of a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, 1-2 parts of citric acid, 1-2 parts of vitamin C, 1-2 parts of minerals and 1400-1600 parts of purified water, calculated by weight.

[0012] Preferably, the feed additive consists of 100 parts of a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, 1 part of citric acid, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 1 part of minerals and 1500 parts of purified water, calculated by weight.

[0013] The preparation method of the composite pig feed additive comprises the following steps: S1, taking a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, soaking it in purified water by ultrasonication, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate; S2. Add citric acid, vitamin C, and minerals to the filtrate according to parts by weight, stir evenly, and prepare a composite pig feed additive.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the ultrasonic temperature is room temperature, the ultrasonic time is 4-6 hours, and the ultrasonic frequency is 30-40 kHz.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention breaks away from the traditional physical deodorization method and controls the odor from the source, thereby reducing the stench of pig feces, improving the intestinal health of pigs, reducing the diarrhea rate of pigs, and improving the quality of pork. The composite pig feed additive provided by the present invention is easy to use and only needs to be added to the feed when used, thereby improving the user experience. At the same time, the composite pig feed additive provided by the present invention is easy to produce and prepare, has low cost, and has rich application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] In the present invention, citric acid, vitamin C, minerals and the strains required for preparing the fermentation solution are all commercially available; Among them, citric acid was purchased from Shandong Yaqiu Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: 01; Vitamin C was purchased from Guangzhou Wanxinda Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: 3001; Minerals were purchased from Henan Bashun Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: 02699, main components: magnesium, iron, zinc, calcium, phosphorus; Lactobacillus plantarum was purchased from Xi'an Yuankui Biotechnology Co., Ltd., product number: YK2022042505, live bacterial powder content: 1.0×10 10 cfu / g; Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Shandong Xinzhuoyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., product number: 20230115, live bacterial powder content: 2.0×10 10 cfu / g; Lactobacillus casei was purchased from Shandong Pingao Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., product number: PG-LCG139, live bacteria powder content: 1.0×10 10 cfu / g; Saccharomyces cerevisiae was purchased from Jinan Mengshi Weiye Chemical Co., Ltd., item number: 9752121, live bacterial powder content: 2.0×10 10 cfu / g; In the present invention, the mass of bacterial powder required for the fermentation bacterial liquid = target concentration (cfu / mL) * target volume (mL) / viable bacterial powder content (cfu / g) / 0.8.

[0018] Example 1 A composite pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof of this embodiment include the following steps: S1. Slice ginger and mix with wheat bran in a weight ratio of 2.5:1. Dry at 60-80°C for 24 hours, then grind through a 200-mesh sieve to form a powder. S2, 12.5g of Lactobacillus plantarum, 0.125g of Bacillus subtilis, 0.1875g of Lactobacillus casei, and 0.125g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were mixed in 1000mL of purified water to obtain a concentration of 1*10 8 cfu / mL, Bacillus subtilis 2*10 6 cfu / mL, Lactobacillus casei 1.5*10 6cfu / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2*10 6 cfu / mL of fermentation broth; S3. The fermentation bacterial liquid is mixed with the ginger and wheat bran powders in a ratio of 3 to 4 parts by weight to 1, and the mixture is fermented at 30 to 40° C. for 2 to 3 days to obtain a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran.

[0019] S4. Weigh 90 parts by weight of the fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran obtained in Preparation Example 1, place it in 1400 parts of pure water, and soak it in ultrasound for 4 hours. The ultrasound temperature is room temperature and the ultrasound frequency is 30 kHz. After the ultrasound soaking is completed, filter to obtain a filtrate. S5. Weigh 1 part of citric acid, 1 part of vitamin C, and 1 part of minerals according to weight, add them to the filtrate, and stir evenly to prepare a composite pig feed additive.

[0020] Example 2 A composite pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof of this embodiment include the following steps: S1. Slice ginger and mix with wheat bran in a weight ratio of 2.5:1. Dry at 60-80°C for 24 hours, then grind through a 200-mesh sieve to form a powder. S2, 12.5g of Lactobacillus plantarum, 0.125g of Bacillus subtilis, 0.1875g of Lactobacillus casei, and 0.125g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were mixed in 1000mL of purified water to obtain a concentration of 1*10 8 cfu / mL, Bacillus subtilis 2*10 6 cfu / mL, Lactobacillus casei 1.5*10 6 cfu / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2*10 6 cfu / mL of fermentation broth; S3. The fermentation bacterial liquid is mixed with the ginger and wheat bran powders in a ratio of 3 to 4 parts by weight to 1, and the mixture is fermented at 30 to 40° C. for 2 to 3 days to obtain a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran.

[0021] S4. Weighing 110 parts by weight of the fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran obtained in Preparation Example 1, placing it in 1600 parts of purified water, and immersing it in ultrasound for 6 hours, wherein the ultrasound temperature is room temperature and the ultrasound frequency is 40 kHz. After the ultrasound immersion is completed, filtering is performed to obtain a filtrate; S5. Weigh 2 parts of citric acid, 2 parts of vitamin C, and 2 parts of minerals according to weight, add them to the filtrate, and stir evenly to prepare a composite pig feed additive.

[0022] Example 3 A composite pig feed additive and a preparation method thereof of this embodiment include the following steps: S1. Slice ginger and mix with wheat bran in a weight ratio of 2.5:1. Dry at 60-80°C for 24 hours, then grind through a 200-mesh sieve to form a powder. S2, 12.5g of Lactobacillus plantarum, 0.125g of Bacillus subtilis, 0.1875g of Lactobacillus casei, and 0.125g of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were mixed in 1000mL of purified water to obtain a concentration of 1*10 8 cfu / mL, Bacillus subtilis 2*10 6 cfu / mL, Lactobacillus casei 1.5*10 6 cfu / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2*10 6 cfu / mL of fermentation broth; S3. The fermentation bacterial liquid is mixed with the ginger and wheat bran powders in a ratio of 3 to 4 parts by weight to 1, and the mixture is fermented at 30 to 40° C. for 2 to 3 days to obtain a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran.

[0023] S4. Weigh 100 parts by weight of the fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran obtained in Preparation Example 1 and place it in 1500 parts of pure water for ultrasonic immersion for 5 hours, wherein the ultrasonic temperature is room temperature and the ultrasonic frequency is 35 kHz. After the ultrasonic immersion is completed, filter to obtain a filtrate; S5. Weigh 1 part of citric acid, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, and 1 part of minerals in parts by weight, add them to the filtrate, and stir evenly to prepare a composite pig feed additive.

[0024] Comparative Example 1 The difference from Example 3 is that the weight ratio of ginger to wheat bran is 3:1.

[0025] Comparative Example 2 The difference from Example 3 is that the weight ratio of ginger to wheat bran is 1:1.

[0026] Experimental Example 1 The composite pig feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3 and the pig feed additives prepared in Comparative Examples 1 to 2 were used to test the concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide in intensive pig farms: 120 castrated boars weighing 70.0 ± 2.0 kg were randomly divided into 6 groups of 20 pigs each and housed in five separate independent rooms; Blank control group: ordinary feed mixed with water, where the weight ratio of ordinary feed to water was 100:1; Experimental Group 1: Ordinary feed was mixed with the composite feed additive prepared in Example 1, wherein the weight ratio of ordinary feed to the composite feed additive was 100:1; Experimental Group 2: Ordinary feed was mixed with the composite feed additive prepared in Example 2, wherein the weight ratio of ordinary feed to the composite feed additive was 100:1; Experimental Group 3: Ordinary feed was mixed with the composite feed additive prepared in Example 3, wherein the weight ratio of ordinary feed to the composite feed additive was 100:1; Experimental Group 4: Ordinary feed was mixed with the composite feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 1, wherein the weight ratio of ordinary feed to the composite feed additive was 100:1; Experimental Group 5: Ordinary feed was mixed with the composite feed additive prepared in Comparative Example 2, wherein the weight ratio of ordinary feed to the additive was 100:1; Each group was fed at regular times daily. After 7 days of pre-feeding, a formal experiment was conducted for 35 days. On the 35th day of the formal experiment, the concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases in each circle were tested using the SK / MIC-800-2K portable two-in-one detector. The decrease in the concentrations of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases was calculated based on the blank control group. At the same time, the diarrhea of ​​the pigs was recorded every day. After 35 days, the average daily diarrhea rate was calculated. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0027] Decline rate (%) = (average concentration of test gas in blank control group - average concentration of test gas in each group) / average concentration of test gas in blank control group × 100%.

[0028] Table 1 According to Table 1, the composite pig feed additives prepared in Examples 1 to 3 have a good effect of reducing ammonia and hydrogen sulfide gases in pig houses. The weight ratio of ginger to wheat bran in the pig feed additive used in Experimental Group 4 is 3:1. Excessive ginger content will lead to a decrease in appetite of the pig herd, reduce feeding rate, and thus reduce the effect of reducing fecal odor. The weight ratio of ginger to wheat bran in the pig feed additive used in Experimental Group 5 is 1:1. Although there is a significant effect of reducing fecal odor, the best effect is achieved when the weight ratio of ginger to wheat bran in Experimental Groups 1 to 3 is 2:1. This may be because the gingerol in ginger and the ferulic acid in wheat bran work synergistically to achieve the optimal effect of reducing pig feces odor.

[0029] Experimental Example 2 After the experiment, two pigs were selected from each group for slaughter. The longissimus dorsi muscle on the right side of the slaughtered pigs was taken and the meat quality indicators such as meat color, pH value, drip loss, and shear force were tested according to the Technical Specifications for Pig Muscle Quality Determination (NY / T821-2004). The values ​​are shown in Table 2 below.

[0030] Table 2 As can be seen from the table, compared with experimental groups 4 to 5 and the blank control group, the quality of pork in experimental groups 1 to 3 was improved. This is because the use of the compound pig feed additive not only reduced the unpleasant odor in the pig house, improved the intestinal health of the pigs, and reduced the diarrhea rate of the pigs, but also because the effective ingredients of ginger and wheat bran were extracted through bacterial fermentation, which increased their absorption rate in the pig body and effectively enhanced the quality of pork.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite pig feed additive, characterized in that: The feed additive consists of a fermented mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, citric acid, vitamin C and minerals; The preparation method of the fermented mixture containing ginger and wheat bran comprises: (1) Slice ginger and wheat bran, dry them at 60-80°C for 24 hours, and then grind them through a 200-mesh sieve to make powder; (2) Mix the fermentation liquid into the ginger and wheat bran powders, and ferment at 30-40°C for 2-3 days.

2. A composite pig feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the step (1), ginger and wheat bran are mixed in a ratio of 2.5:1 by weight.

3. A composite pig feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step (2), the weight ratio of the fermentation liquid to the powder of ginger and wheat bran is (3-4):

1.

4. A composite pig feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of the fermentation liquid in step (2) is 1*10 8 cfu / mL, Bacillus subtilis 2*10 6 cfu / mL, Lactobacillus casei 1.5*10 6 cfu / mL, Saccharomyces cerevisiae 2*10 6 cfu / mL.

5. A composite pig feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed additive consists of 90-110 parts of a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, 1-2 parts of citric acid, 1-2 parts of vitamin C, 1-2 parts of minerals and 1400-1600 parts of purified water in parts by weight.

6. A composite pig feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed additive consists of 100 parts of a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, 1 part of citric acid, 1.5 parts of vitamin C, 1 part of minerals and 1500 parts of purified water in parts by weight.

7. A method for preparing the composite pig feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The steps include: S1, taking a fermentation mixture containing ginger and wheat bran, soaking it in purified water by ultrasonication, and then filtering to obtain a filtrate; S2. Add citric acid, vitamin C, and minerals to the filtrate according to parts by weight, stir evenly, and prepare a composite pig feed additive.

8. The method for preparing the composite pig feed additive according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S1, the ultrasonic temperature is room temperature, the ultrasonic time is 4-6 hours, and the ultrasonic frequency is 30-40 kHz.

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