Broiler feed additive and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of broiler chicken breeding, and discloses a broiler chicken feed additive and application thereof, and the broiler chicken feed additive comprises the following components in parts by weight: 10-50 parts of magnesium potassium sulfate and 1 part of anthocyanin. By compounding the magnesium potassium sulfate and the anthocyanin, the growth performance of the yellow-feathered broiler chicken can be remarkably improved, and the antibody level of the yellow-feathered broiler chicken can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of broiler breeding, and in particular to a broiler feed additive and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Broiler feed additive technology has evolved from single nutritional supplements to multifunctional composites. Early additives focused on basic nutritional enhancement, such as amino acids, vitamins, and minerals, to compensate for the nutritional deficiencies of traditional feeds.

[0003] For example, prior art 1: Chinese patent application 201410594958.8 discloses a broiler feed additive comprising the following ingredients by weight: 2-4 parts bacitracin zinc, 5-8 parts calcium propionate, 6-8 parts amino acids, 10-12 parts vitamins, 10-12 parts inorganic salts, and 5-7 parts traditional Chinese medicine extract. This feed additive contains a variety of amino acids, vitamins, trace elements, and traditional Chinese medicine. When consumed by broilers, it helps improve digestion, sterilizes and reduces inflammation, and protects against disease, while also increasing growth and improving the flavor of the chicken.

[0004] As the level of farming intensification increases, the functions of additives have gradually expanded to areas such as growth promotion, disease prevention and control, and feed utilization optimization. For example, microbial preparations enhance the immunity of broilers by regulating the balance of intestinal flora while improving protein absorption efficiency.

[0005] For example, prior art 2: Chinese Patent 201510019702.9 provides a disease-resistant, growth-promoting green feed additive for broilers and its preparation method, comprising 10 to 30 parts of red pine cone essential oil; 2 to 10 parts of formate; 2 to 20 parts of oil; and 30 to 86 parts of a carrier. The feed additive of prior art 2 inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Candida albicans, maintains the intestinal microecological environment, reduces the incidence of various diseases caused by harmful microorganisms, improves animal health, lowers digestive tract pH, activates digestive enzymes, and increases feed utilization.

[0006] The current development of feed additives has transitioned from existing technology 1 to existing technology 2. Promoting broiler growth, intestinal health regulation and feed utilization has become a popular direction. However, this direction still needs further exploration and expansion, and more types of feed additives need to be found. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a broiler feed additive to provide more feed additive options for promoting broiler growth, intestinal health regulation and feed utilization, meet market demand, and improve the growth performance, meat quality and other properties of yellow-feathered broilers through the compounding of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a use of a broiler feed additive, which can effectively improve the growth performance, chicken quality, antibody level and intestinal mucosal morphology of yellow-feathered broilers by preparing broiler feed with the broiler feed additive.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a broiler feed additive comprising 10-50 parts by weight of potassium magnesium sulfate and 1 part of anthocyanin.

[0010] Preferably, the broiler feed additive comprises 20 parts of potassium magnesium sulfate and 1 part of anthocyanin.

[0011] According to existing technical records: magnesium can activate enzyme systems, promote the metabolic efficiency of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, maintain nerve conduction and normal muscle contraction, and at the same time, magnesium can reduce heat stress and transportation stress reactions by regulating electrolyte balance. Its laxative effect can prevent constipation and improve intestinal health.

[0012] Potassium improves broiler breast muscle yield and skin color by maintaining acid-base balance, reducing abnormal meat quality. Potassium, combined with magnesium and sulfur salts, can reduce backfat thickness, increase weight gain rate and feed conversion rate. Potassium can alleviate electrolyte imbalances caused by low-protein diets, enhance broilers' ability to adapt to changes in the feeding environment, and reduce stress-induced weight loss.

[0013] Potassium magnesium sulfate is an ideal source of potassium and magnesium. It can effectively improve the quality of broiler chickens, improve intestinal health and increase feed utilization.

[0014] Similarly, according to existing technical records: anthocyanins, as natural free radical scavengers, can effectively relieve oxidative stress, protect liver and intestinal cells from free radical damage, and maintain the activity of the body's antioxidant enzymes; anthocyanins can inhibit the colonization of Salmonella typhimurium in the liver and spleen, reduce intestinal inflammatory responses, upregulate ileal tight junction protein and mucin gene expression, and repair intestinal barrier function; anthocyanins regulate the secretion of inflammatory factors, reduce growth inhibition caused by heat stress or pathogen infection, and enhance the adaptability of broilers to environmental changes.

[0015] The present invention combines potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins to synergistically improve the growth performance, chicken quality, immune function and intestinal health of yellow-feathered broilers.

[0016] Preferably, the broiler feed additive further comprises 1-2 portions of soy isoflavones.

[0017] Furthermore, the present invention found that adding soy isoflavones to the combination of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins can further improve the performance of yellow-feathered broilers.

[0018] The invention also discloses a use of the broiler feed additive to prepare broiler feed.

[0019] Preferably, the addition amount of the broiler feed additive in the broiler feed is 0.11-0.52%; that is, the addition amount of potassium magnesium sulfate in the broiler feed is 1-5g / kg, the addition amount of anthocyanin is 100mg / kg, and the addition amount of soy isoflavones is 100-200mg / kg.

[0020] Beneficial effects

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages:

[0022] (1) The combination of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins can significantly improve the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers and improve the antibody level of yellow-feathered broilers;

[0023] (2) The potassium magnesium sulfate in the broiler feed additive of the present invention can significantly increase the antibody level and IgA content in the plasma of yellow-feathered broiler chickens;

[0024] (3) The potassium magnesium sulfate in the broiler feed additive of the present invention can significantly increase the villus-cryptocortisone ratio in the ileum of 21-day-old yellow-feathered broilers and the jejunum of 56-day-old yellow-feathered broilers, indicating that the broiler feed additive of the present invention has an improving effect on the morphological structure of the intestinal mucosa of yellow-feathered broilers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments, but this does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. Any limited modifications made within the scope of the claims of the present invention are still within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

[0026] In order to explain the technical content of the present invention in detail, further description will be given below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0027] In the following examples and comparative examples, the potassium magnesium sulfate was purchased from Qinghai Blue Lake Shancheng Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the effective ingredients of potassium magnesium sulfate mainly include 95.0% potassium magnesium sulfate, 4.2% potassium sulfate, 1.9% kienerate (a mineral composed of sulfate and aluminate), 1.2% epsom salt (magnesium sulfate), and 0.4% rock salt; the anthocyanin was purchased from Tianjin Jianfeng Natural Products Research and Development Co., Ltd.; L-tryptophan was purchased from Guangdong Xinnandu Feed Technology Co., Ltd.; L-lysine hydrochloride, DL-methionine, L-threonine, and L-isoleucine were all purchased from Guangzhou Rifeng Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd.

[0028] In the following examples and comparative examples, unless otherwise specified, parts and % refer to parts by weight and percentage by weight, respectively.

[0029] In this experiment, 1280 healthy and well-developed yellow-feathered broilers (half male and half female) at the age of one day were randomly divided into 8 treatment groups according to the principle of consistent body weight (males and females were weighed separately), with 8 replicates in each group and 20 chickens in each replicate. The feeds were added with 0% potassium magnesium sulfate and 0% anthocyanin (control group), 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5% potassium magnesium sulfate, 0.01% anthocyanin and a high protein group without potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanin (CP was 1% higher than that of the potassium magnesium sulfate test group). The experimental period was 56 days.

[0030] The experiment used a low-protein, low-soybean meal basal diet (pellet feed), which was scientifically formulated with reference to the "China Feed Composition and Nutritional Value Table" (2019, 30th edition) and the "Nutrient Requirements of Yellow-Feathered Broilers" standard (NY / T 3645-2020). The specific feed formula is shown in Table 1.

[0031] Table 1 Diet composition and nutritional levels of the magnesium sulfate potassium group, anthocyanin group and high protein group at different stages

[0032]

[0033]

[0034] The premix provides per kilogram of feed (1-21 days of age): VA 12000 IU; VD 3600 IU; VE 45 mg;

[0035] VK32.5 mg; VB12.4 mg; VB25.0 mg; VB66.0 mg; VB 12 16μg; niacin 42mg; D-pantothenic acid

[0036] Acid 12mg; Folic acid 1.0mg; Biotin 0.12mg; Choline chloride 1300mg; Antioxidant 150mg;

[0037] Antifungal agent 1400mg; Iron 80mg (ferrous sulfate); Copper 7mg (copper sulfate); Zinc 75mg (zinc sulfate);

[0038] Manganese 100mg (manganese sulfate); Selenium 0.15mg (sodium selenite); Iodine 0.35mg (potassium iodide).

[0039] The premix provides per kilogram of feed (22-42 days of age): VA 9000IU; VD 3500IU; VE 35mg;

[0040] VK32.2 mg; VB12.3 mg; VB25.0 mg; VB65.0 mg; VB 12 15μg; niacin 35mg; D-pantothenic acid

[0041] Acid 10mg; Folic acid 0.7mg; Biotin 0.10mg; Choline chloride 1000mg; Antioxidant 150mg;

[0042] Antifungal agent 1400mg; Iron 70mg (ferrous sulfate); Copper 7mg (copper sulfate); Zinc 70mg (zinc sulfate);

[0043] Manganese 80mg (manganese sulfate); Selenium 0.15mg (sodium selenite); Iodine 0.35mg (potassium iodide).

[0044] The premix provides per kilogram of feed (43-56 days of age): VA 6000 IU; VD 3500 IU; VE 25 mg;

[0045] VK31.7 mg; VB11.0 mg; VB24.0 mg; VB65.0 mg; VB 12 8μg; niacin 20mg; D-pantothenic acid

[0046] Acid 8mg; Folic acid 0.3mg; Biotin 0.02mg; Choline chloride 750mg; Antioxidant 150mg; Antioxidant

[0047] Antifungal agent 1400mg; Iron 64mg (ferrous sulfate); Copper 7mg (copper sulfate); Zinc 68mg (zinc sulfate);

[0048] Manganese 78mg (manganese sulfate); Selenium 0.15mg (sodium selenite); Iodine 0.35mg (potassium iodide).

[0049] Measurement indicators and methods

[0050] 1. Growth performance indicators

[0051] Feed and water were stopped at 8:00 PM the night before the experimental chickens were 21, 42, and 56 days old. The feed was weighed and counted at 8:00 AM the following day, with accurate records of feed amounts and residual feed. The average daily weight gain, average daily feed intake, and feed-to-weight ratio of the broilers during the experimental period were calculated. The health and feces of the experimental chickens were observed daily, and the mortality rate of the experimental chickens in each treatment group was calculated during each rearing period.

[0052] 2. Blood Indicators

[0053] At 21 days of age and at the end of the experiment (56 days of age), one chicken was selected from each replicate (1-4 replicates were males, 5-8 replicates were females).

[0054] 2 mL of anticoagulated blood was collected from the wing vein of the experimental chickens through an anticoagulation tube, and the plasma was separated by centrifugation. The stress indicators: glutamate aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, creatine kinase, corticosterone, epinephrine and norepinephrine; immune factors: IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, IgA, IL-6, TNF-α, vaccine antibodies: Newcastle disease, bursal disease and avian influenza (H5, H7, H9) were determined using a multifunctional microplate reader. The above kits were purchased from Beijing Houze Hongye Technology Co., Ltd. and determined using a multifunctional microplate reader (spectra max M-5, molecular devices, USA).

[0055] 3. Jejunal mucosal immune inflammatory factors

[0056] At 21 days and 56 days of age, one experimental chicken was taken from each replicate (1-4 replicates were roosters, 5-8 replicates were hens), the jejunal mucosa was scraped, and the levels of jejunal immune inflammatory factors IFN-γ, IL-10, IL-1β, IL-8, sIgA, IL-6, and TNF-α were detected using a multifunctional microplate reader (spectra max M-5, Molecular Devices, USA). The kit was purchased from Beijing Houze Hongye Technology Co., Ltd.

[0057] 4. Intestinal mucosal morphology

[0058] At 21 days and 56 days of age, one experimental chicken was selected for each repetition (roosters were selected for 1-4 repetitions and hens were selected for 5-8 repetitions), and the jejunum and ileum midgut segments were cut. The intestinal tissue was fixed with paraformaldehyde, paraffin sections were made, and HE staining was performed. Microscopic examination, image acquisition and analysis were performed, the morphological structure of intestinal villi were observed, the height of jejunal villi and the depth of crypts were measured, and the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (villus-crypt ratio) was calculated.

[0059] The results were shown in Tables 2 to 8.

[0060] Table 2 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins on growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers

[0061]

[0062]

[0063]

[0064] Table 3 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate on the quality of 56-day-old yellow-feathered broiler chicken

[0065]

[0066]

[0067] Table 4 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate on plasma stress indices in 21-day-old and 56-day-old yellow-feathered broilers

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] Table 5 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins on plasma antibody levels in 21-day-old and 56-day-old yellow-feathered broilers

[0071]

[0072]

[0073] Table 6 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate on plasma immune factors in 21-day-old and 56-day-old yellow-feathered broilers

[0074]

[0075]

[0076] Table 7 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate on jejunal immune factors in 21-day-old and 56-day-old yellow-feathered broilers

[0077]

[0078]

[0079]

[0080] Table 8 Effects of potassium magnesium sulfate on the morphological structure of the jejunum and ileum mucosa of 21-day-old and 56-day-old yellow-feathered broilers

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] According to the data results in Tables 2 to 8, when the addition amount of potassium magnesium sulfate is 2%, the performance of yellow-feathered broilers is the best; and the addition amount of 0.01% anthocyanins also improves the growth performance and antibody level of yellow-feathered broilers.

[0084] Therefore, this experiment again selected 480 one-day-old healthy and well-developed yellow-feathered broilers (half male and half female), and randomly divided them into three treatment groups according to the principle of consistent weight (males and females were weighed separately), with 8 replicates in each group and 20 chickens in each replicate. The following were added to the feed:

[0085] Control group: 0% potassium magnesium sulfate and 0% anthocyanin were added to the diet;

[0086] Example 1: 0.2% potassium magnesium sulfate and 0.01% anthocyanidin;

[0087] Example 2: 0.2% potassium magnesium sulfate, 0.01% anthocyanidins and 0.01% soy isoflavones;

[0088] The test period was 56 days in total; and various indicators of yellow-feathered broiler chickens were tested according to the above test methods. The results are shown in Tables 9 and 10.

[0089] Table 9 Effects of Example 1 and Example 2 on Growth Performance of Yellow-Feathered Broilers

[0090] control group Example 1 Example 2 SEM 1-21 days old 1-day-old body weight (g) 36.58 36.55 36.56 0.01 Body weight at 21 days of age, g <![CDATA[334.17 b ]]> <![CDATA[373.21 a ]]> <![CDATA[376.18 a ]]> 4.02 Average daily weight gain (g) <![CDATA[14.17 b ]]> <![CDATA[16.03 a ]]> <![CDATA[16.17 a ]]> 0.19 Average daily feed intake g 26.32 26.89 26.43 0.27 Material-to-weight ratio <![CDATA[1.86 a ]]> <![CDATA[1.67 b ]]> <![CDATA[1.63 b ]]> 0.01 mortality rate% 0.00 1.15 1.11 0.31 22-42 days old Weight at 42 days old (g) <![CDATA[1058.11 b ]]> <![CDATA[1136.45 ab ]]> <![CDATA[1146.04 a ]]> 13.42 Average daily weight gain (g) <![CDATA[34.47 b ]]> <![CDATA[36.34 ab ]]> <![CDATA[36.66 a ]]> 0.55 Average daily feed intake g 81.35 80.55 81.65 0.66 Material-to-weight ratio <![CDATA[2.37 a ]]> <![CDATA[2.28 b ]]> <![CDATA[2.23 b ]]> 0.04 mortality rate% 0.17 0 0 0.06 43-56 days old Weight at 56 days old (g) <![CDATA[1706.64 b ]]> <![CDATA[1803.91 a ]]> <![CDATA[1841.73 a ]]> 14.21 Average daily weight gain (g) <![CDATA[46.32 b ]]> <![CDATA[47.67 a ]]> <![CDATA[49.69 a ]]> 1.00 Average daily feed intake g 121.26 123.33 121.59 0.95 Material-to-weight ratio 2.63 2.60 2.45 0.05 mortality rate% 0 0.69 0 0.23 1-56 days old Average daily weight gain (g) <![CDATA[29.82 b ]]> <![CDATA[31.56 a ]]> <![CDATA[32.24 a ]]> 0.25 Average daily feed intake g 70.69 71.12 71.10 0.53 Material-to-weight ratio <![CDATA[2.37 a ]]> <![CDATA[2.25 b ]]> <![CDATA[2.21 b ]]> 0.01 mortality rate% 0.56 1.11 0.56 0.34

[0091] According to the comparison of the data in Table 9 and Table 2, we can see that:

[0092] According to the data in Table 2, both 0.2% addition of potassium magnesium sulfate and 0.01% addition of anthocyanins can effectively improve the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers. In the field of cognition, the effect of additives on the average daily weight gain of yellow-feathered broilers is limited. Once it reaches a certain level, the difficulty of further improvement will increase significantly. The 0.1%-0.5% potassium magnesium sulfate group in Table 2 also verifies this to a certain extent. The average daily weight gain of 0.2% potassium magnesium sulfate is the highest at 1-21 days of age and 22-42 days of age. Subsequent increase in the addition of potassium magnesium sulfate cannot effectively improve the average daily weight gain of yellow-feathered broilers at 1-21 days of age and 22-42 days of age.

[0093] According to the data of Example 1 and the control group in Table 9, it can be seen that after the addition of 0.2% potassium magnesium sulfate and 0.01% anthocyanidins to the feed, the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers was more significantly improved, and the improvement was much greater than that of the 0.2% potassium magnesium sulfate group and the 0.01% anthocyanidin group, breaking through the improvement bottleneck to a certain extent; it can be inferred that: when potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanidins are compounded, they can produce a synergistic effect of improving the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers, which is not a simple superposition of effects.

[0094] At the same time, according to the data comparison of Example 1 and the control group in Table 9, it can be seen that the present application adopts the compound of magnesium potassium sulfate and anthocyanins added to the feed, which can effectively improve the average daily weight gain of yellow-feathered broilers and effectively reduce the feed-to-weight ratio, especially in the 1-21 day age stage and the 22-42 day age stage, the average daily weight gain of yellow-feathered broilers is significantly increased compared with the control group; and in the 43-56 day age stage, although the increase in average daily weight gain is reduced compared with other age stages, it is still in a significant growth state, which is significantly different from the performance of the 43-56 day age stage in the magnesium potassium sulfate group and the anthocyanin group in Table 2. Table 2 shows that in the 43-56 day age stage, the addition of magnesium potassium sulfate or anthocyanins cannot effectively improve the average daily weight gain of yellow-feathered broilers and improve the feed conversion rate. However, the present invention adopts the compound of magnesium potassium sulfate and anthocyanins added to the feed, even in the 43-56 day age stage, it still has the effect of improving the average daily weight gain of yellow-feathered broilers and improving the feed conversion rate.

[0095] At the same time, according to the comparison of the data of Example 2, Example 1 and the control group in Table 9, it can be seen that the addition of soy isoflavones on the basis of the compound of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins in the present invention can further significantly improve the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers; especially in the 43-56 day-old stage, the improvement of the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers is very significant, while the technical solution of Example 2 is almost the same as that of Example 1 in improving the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers in the 1-21 day-old and 22-42 day-old stages, but the cost is increased due to the addition of soy isoflavones. Therefore, according to the data in Table 9, the best solution for the feed combination of the present invention is:

[0096] The chickens were fed the diet of Example 1 from day 1 to day 42, and the chickens were fed the diet of Example 2 from day 43 to day 56, which effectively improved the growth performance of yellow-feathered broilers while reducing the feed cost.

[0097] Table 10 Effects of Example 1 and Example 2 on plasma antibody indices of 21-day-old and 56-day-old yellow-feathered broiler chickens

[0098]

[0099]

[0100] According to the results in Table 10, we can see that:

[0101] Both Examples 1 and 2 of the present application can effectively improve the antibody levels of yellow-feathered broilers, especially the improvement of Newcastle disease antibodies is significant; combined with the data in Table 5, it can be seen that the present application can significantly improve the antibody levels of yellow-feathered broilers through the combination of potassium magnesium sulfate and anthocyanins.

[0102] The embodiments presented herein are merely embodiments selected from a combination of all possible embodiments. The appended claims should not be limited by the embodiments describing the present invention. Some numerical ranges used in the claims include subranges therein, and variations in these ranges should also be covered by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A broiler feed additive, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, it comprises 10-50 parts of potassium magnesium sulfate and 1 part of anthocyanin.

2. The broiler feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that Also includes 1-2 servings of soy isoflavones.

3. Use of the broiler feed additive according to claim 1 or 2 in preparing broiler feed.

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