Feed additive for promoting growth of hippocampus kelloggi and application of feed additive

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hippocampus culture, discloses a feed additive for promoting growth of hippocampus kelloggi and application of the feed additive, and particularly discloses a feed additive which comprises carotenoid, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharide, probiotics and vitamins. The invention provides a feed additive containing carotene, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharide, probiotics, vitamins and the like, and when the feed additive is added into bait of hippocampus, growth of the hippocampus can be remarkably promoted (the weight gain rate, the specific growth rate and the body growth rate of the hippocampus can be remarkably increased), and the breeding survival rate of the hippocampus can also be increased. The feed additive not only helps to improve the economic benefit of hippocampus culture, but also provides powerful technical support for sustainable development of the hippocampus culture industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seahorse breeding, and particularly relates to a feed additive for promoting the growth of seahorse lines and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Seahorses, marine organisms with significant medicinal and ornamental value, are experiencing a booming artificial breeding industry. However, slow growth, low immunity, and susceptibility to disease are significant constraints to their development. Feed, as the material foundation for seahorse growth and development, plays a key role in their growth, health, and quality.

[0003] At present, there are many kinds of feed additives for seahorse farming on the market, but most of them have problems such as unbalanced nutrients and lack of specificity. Traditional feed additives often only focus on the addition of conventional nutrients such as protein and vitamins, ignoring the needs of seahorses for special amino acids, bioactive substances and trace elements during growth. For example, ordinary feed additives lack probiotics that can effectively promote intestinal digestion and absorption of seahorses, resulting in low feed utilization rate of seahorses; at the same time, there is also a lack of immunopotentiators that can enhance the immunity of seahorses and resist disease invasion, making seahorses susceptible to infection by pathogens such as bacteria and viruses during the breeding process, resulting in a high mortality rate. In addition, existing feed additives are not effective in promoting the growth and development of seahorses, and cannot meet the needs of rapid growth of seahorses, thereby extending the breeding cycle and increasing breeding costs. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to develop a feed additive formula that can effectively promote the growth of seahorses, enhance immunity and improve feed utilization. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention aims to provide a feed additive.

[0005] The purpose of the second aspect of the present invention is to provide use of the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention in preparing products.

[0006] The third aspect of the present invention aims to provide a feed.

[0007] The purpose of the fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide the use of the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention or the feed of the third aspect of the present invention in seahorse breeding.

[0008] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0009] The first aspect of the present invention provides a feed additive comprising carotenoids, ascidian powder, oyster powder, mannooligosaccharide, probiotics and vitamins.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive includes, by mass, 5 to 2000 parts of carotenoids, 3 to 1200 parts of ascidian powder, 3 to 1200 parts of oyster powder, 7 to 3000 parts of mannooligosaccharides, 3 to 1200 parts of probiotics and 0.04 to 15 parts of vitamins.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive includes, by weight, 60 to 200 parts of carotene, 40 to 100 parts of ascidian powder, 40 to 100 parts of oyster powder, 100 to 200 parts of mannooligosaccharides, 40 to 100 parts of probiotics and 0.4 to 4 parts of vitamins.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive includes, by weight, 90 to 100 parts of carotenoids, 50 to 70 parts of ascidian powder, 50 to 60 parts of oyster powder, 100 to 150 parts of mannooligosaccharides, 40 to 60 parts of probiotics and 0.4 to 1 part of vitamins.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the probiotics include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bifidobacterium.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the probiotics include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bifidobacterium mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B9, vitamin B 12 and at least one of vitamin H.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vitamins include vitamin D3, vitamin B5 and vitamin H.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the carotenoid comprises beta-carotene.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive includes, by mass, 90 to 100 parts of carotene, 50 to 70 parts of ascidian powder, 50 to 60 parts of oyster powder, 100 to 150 parts of mannooligosaccharides, 40 to 60 parts of probiotics, 0.01 to 0.02 parts of vitamin D3, 0.4 to 0.6 parts of vitamin B5 and 0.03 to 0.09 parts of vitamin H.

[0019] Beta-carotene: Improves body color, promotes seahorse reproduction, improves seahorse egg quality, increases the number and quality of eggs, and improves fertilization and hatching rates; has strong antioxidant capacity, can scavenge free radicals, reduce oxidative damage, protect cells and tissues from oxidative damage, protect the integrity of seahorse cell membranes, organelles and other structures, and maintain normal cell function; regulates the seahorse's immune system, promotes the absorption and utilization of nutrients, and increases feeding rate. Oyster powder has a high protein content and a balanced amino acid composition, including multiple essential amino acids such as methionine and tryptophan; is rich in minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium; and is rich in vitamins: vitamin A, vitamin B 12 , vitamin D; contains rich biological active substances: taurine, glycogen, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Sea squirt powder is rich in high-quality protein and a variety of essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.) and taurine; rich in unsaturated fatty acids (DHA, EPA); rich in minerals (iodine, calcium, iron, zinc); contains vitamin A, vitamin B 12 , vitamin D and other vitamins; contains rich biologically active substances: acetal phospholipids: echinacea, phycoxanthin.

[0020] Mannan oligosaccharides regulate the intestinal microbial flora, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria (such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus), while inhibiting the adhesion of harmful bacteria (such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella) to the intestinal mucosal surface. They also enhance the body's immunity: as an immune adjuvant, they promote the development of the body's immune organs and increase the activity and number of immune cells. They also improve intestinal barrier function: Mannan oligosaccharides can promote the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, increase the height of intestinal villi, and reduce the depth of crypts, thereby expanding the intestinal absorption area and improving the digestive and absorptive capacity of the intestine. At the same time, they can also regulate the secretion of the intestinal mucus layer, enhance the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa, and prevent harmful substances and pathogens from entering the body.

[0021] Probiotics regulate the balance of intestinal flora, enhance digestion and absorption, promote nutrient absorption, and boost immunity. Vitamin D3 promotes the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the hippocampus, maintaining bone health. Vitamin B5 participates in the metabolism of fat, carbohydrates, and proteins, benefiting the health of the skin and mucous membranes. Vitamin H participates in the formation of various carboxylases and plays a vital role in the metabolism of fat, protein, and carbohydrates.

[0022] The second aspect of the present invention provides use of the feed additive according to the first aspect of the present invention in preparing a product.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the product has the effect of promoting the growth of hippocampus and improving the survival rate of hippocampus.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seahorse includes one or more of the following: Hippocampus lineatus, Hippocampus trispotus, Hippocampus grisea, Hippocampus japonicus, Hippocampus siliquae, Hippocampus cristatus, Hippocampus spinosus, and Hippocampus clarkii.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, the product comprises a reagent or a feed.

[0026] The third aspect of the present invention provides a feed comprising the feed additive according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed further comprises bait.

[0028] In some embodiments of the invention, the bait comprises crustaceans.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bait includes at least one of cladocerans, amphipods, copepods, mysids, and krill.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bait is mysid shrimp.

[0031] The fourth aspect of the present invention provides use of the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention or the feed of the third aspect of the present invention in seahorse breeding.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seahorse includes one or more of the following: Hippocampus lineatus, Hippocampus trispotus, Hippocampus grisea, Hippocampus japonicus, Hippocampus siliquae, Hippocampus cristatus, Hippocampus spinosus, and Hippocampus clarkii.

[0033] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for breeding seahorses, comprising the step of feeding seahorses with the feed according to the third aspect of the present invention.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seahorse breeding method includes the following steps: breeding the seahorse in seawater and feeding the feed of the third aspect of the present invention 2 to 3 times a day; maintaining natural light during the breeding process, the water temperature is 26 to 28°C, the salinity of the water is 28‰ to 33‰, the dissolved oxygen content in the water is stably maintained at 5 to 6 mg / L, the pH value of the water is controlled at 7 to 7.5, the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 0.01 mg / L, and the nitrite content is less than 0.005 mg / L.

[0035] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0036] The present invention provides a feed additive containing carotenoids, ascidian powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharides, probiotics, and vitamins. When added to seahorse bait, the feed additive can significantly promote the growth of seahorses (significantly increasing their weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and body length growth rate), and also improve the survival rate of seahorses in culture. This feed additive not only helps to improve the economic benefits of seahorse farming, but also provides strong technical support for the sustainable development of the seahorse farming industry. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The present invention is further described in detail below through specific examples.

[0038] It should be understood that these examples are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0039] To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described clearly and completely below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer are used. Where the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments is not specified, all are conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0040] β-carotene was purchased from Guangzhou Juyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd.; mannan oligosaccharide was purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd.; oyster powder was purchased from Shandong Futian Zhengda Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; ascidian powder was purchased from Sinopharm Chinese Medicine Co., Ltd.; and compound probiotics were purchased from Huaxu Co., Ltd.

[0041] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A feed additive for promoting the growth of seahorses, comprising the following components, measured by mass: 100 parts of beta-carotene, 60 parts of oyster powder, 60 parts of ascidian powder, 150 parts of mannan oligosaccharides, 60 parts of compound probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1, with a bacterial count of 10 billion / g for each), 0.015 parts of vitamin D3, 0.6 parts of vitamin B5, and 0.03 parts of vitamin H.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A feed additive for promoting the growth of seahorses, comprising the following components, in parts by mass: 5 parts of beta-carotene, 3 parts of oyster powder, 3 parts of ascidian powder, 7.5 parts of mannan oligosaccharides, 3 parts of compound probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1), 0.00075 parts of vitamin D3, 0.03 parts of vitamin B5, and 0.015 parts of vitamin H.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A feed additive for promoting the growth of seahorses, comprising the following components, measured by mass: 2000 parts of beta-carotene, 1200 parts of oyster powder, 1200 parts of ascidian powder, 3000 parts of mannan oligosaccharides, 1200 parts of compound probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1), 0.3 parts of vitamin D3, 12 parts of vitamin B5, and 1.8 parts of vitamin H.

[0048] Application Example 1

[0049] Location: Jinma Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, water temperature 26-28℃, seawater salinity 28‰-33‰.

[0050] Experimental grouping: 600 seahorses with a body length of about 8 cm from the same batch were randomly selected and divided into 6 groups. Group C was set as the blank control group and Group A was set as the experimental group. Three parallel samples were set up in each group, and 100 seahorses were selected from each parallel sample. After the grouping was completed, the seahorses were placed in a 1m 3 in a white breeding barrel;

[0051] Aquaculture environment control: The experimental aquaculture water used was natural seawater filtered through sand to ensure clean water quality. Natural light was maintained during the experiment, and a 24-hour continuous aeration device was used to stably maintain the dissolved oxygen content in the water at 5-6 mg / L. The pH value of the water body was controlled at 7-7.5, the ammonia nitrogen content was less than 0.01 mg / L, and the nitrite content was less than 0.005 mg / L. Feeding and management: Frozen mysid shrimp were fed on time at 9:00 and 15:00 every day, with each feeding amount being 4% to 5% of the seahorse's body weight. No feed additives were added to the mysid shrimp fed in the blank control group, while the feed additives of Example 1 were added to the mysid shrimp fed in the experimental group (i.e., 100g β-carotene, 60g oyster powder, 60g sea squirt powder, 150g mannooligosaccharide, 60g compound probiotics, 15mg vitamin D3, 600mg vitamin B5, and 30mg vitamin H were added to 600 kg of mysid shrimp and mixed well). Every day at 9:30 and 15:30, the feces, uneaten mysid shrimp and dead seahorses in the breeding tanks are cleaned, and 300% of the water is changed to maintain clean water quality and create a good environment for the growth of seahorses.

[0052] Growth Measurements: Every 15 days, 10 seahorses were randomly selected from each culture tank. Body length was measured using a vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 cm, and body weight was measured using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01 g. Body width was also recorded. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. These measurements were recorded in detail, and corresponding growth metrics were calculated, including weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and body length gain rate (PLG).

[0053] Weight gain rate (%) = (final weight - initial weight) / initial weight × 100%;

[0054] Specific growth rate = (ln final weight - ln initial weight) / culture time;

[0055] Body length growth rate (%) = (final body length - initial body length) / initial body length × 100%.

[0056] The number of hippocampal deaths was recorded every day, and the hippocampal survival rate was calculated after 8 weeks of feeding in the blank control group and the experimental group.

[0057] An independent sample t-test was performed on the growth data of the hippocampus in the control group and the experimental group. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The terminal body length, terminal body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and body length growth rate of the hippocampus in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P < 0.05). This shows that the feed additive of Example 1 has a significant effect on promoting the growth of hippocampus striatum. At the same time, the average survival rate of the hippocampus in the blank control group and the experimental group was calculated. The results showed that the average survival rate of the hippocampus in the experimental group increased by 20.78% compared to the control group.

[0058] Table 1 Hippocampal growth data of different treatment groups

[0059]

[0060] Table 2 Survival rate of hippocampus in different treatment groups

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Application Example 2

[0064] Location: Jinma Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province, water temperature 24-26℃, seawater salinity 28‰-33‰.

[0065] Experimental grouping: 600 seahorses with a body length of about 10 cm were randomly selected from the same batch and divided into 6 groups. Group C was set as the blank control group and Group A was set as the experimental group. Three parallel samples were set up in each group, and 100 seahorses were selected from each parallel sample. After the grouping was completed, the seahorses were placed in a 1.0m 3 in a white breeding barrel;

[0066] Aquaculture Environment Control: The experimental aquaculture water used natural seawater that had been filtered through activated carbon and disinfected with ultraviolet light to ensure clean water quality. Natural sunlight was maintained throughout the experiment, and a 24-hour continuous aeration system was used to maintain a stable dissolved oxygen content of 5-6 mg / L in the water. The pH value of the water was controlled at 7.2-7.6, the ammonia nitrogen content was less than 0.01 mg / L, and the nitrite content was less than 0.005 mg / L.

[0067] Feeding and management: Frozen mysid shrimp were fed on time at 8:30 and 16:00 every day, with each feeding amount being 4% to 5% of the seahorse's body weight. The control group was fed mysid shrimp with 150g of mannooligosaccharide, 60g of compound probiotics, 15mg of vitamin D3, 600mg of vitamin B5, and 30mg of vitamin H added per 600kg of mysid shrimp. The experimental group was fed mysid shrimp with the feed additive of Example 1 (i.e., 100g of beta-carotene, 60g of oyster powder, 60g of ascidian powder, 150g of mannooligosaccharide, 60g of compound probiotics, 15mg of vitamin D3, 600mg of vitamin B5, and 30mg of vitamin H added to 600kg of mysid shrimp and mixed well). The culture bucket was cleaned of feces, uneaten mysid shrimp, and dead seahorses at 9:00 and 16:30 every day, and a 350% water change was performed simultaneously to maintain clean water quality and create a good environment for seahorse growth.

[0068] Growth Measurements: Every 15 days, 10 seahorses were randomly selected from each culture tank. Their body length was measured using a vernier caliper with an accuracy of 0.01 cm, their weight was measured using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01 g, and their height was recorded. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. These measurements were carefully recorded, and corresponding growth metrics, including weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and length gain rate (PLG), were calculated.

[0069] The number of hippocampal deaths was recorded every day, and the hippocampal survival rate was calculated after 10 weeks of feeding in the blank control group and the experimental group.

[0070] An independent sample t-test was performed on the growth data of the blank control group and the experimental group, and the results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. The results showed that the terminal body length, terminal body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate and body length growth rate of the hippocampus in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the blank control group (P<0.05). The above results indicate that adding the feed additive of Example 1 to the basic feed of the hippocampus has a significant effect on promoting the growth of hippocampus linearis. At the same time, the average survival rate of the blank control group and the experimental group was calculated, and the results showed that the average survival rate of the experimental group increased by 24.12% compared with the blank control group.

[0071] Table 3 Hippocampal growth data of different treatment groups

[0072]

[0073] Table 4 Survival rate of hippocampus in different treatment groups

[0074]

[0075] The above results show that the feed additive provided by the present invention can significantly promote the growth of seahorses, effectively increase their growth rate, and improve the survival rate of seahorses by more than 20.78%. This not only helps to improve the economic benefits of seahorse farming, but also provides strong technical support for the sustainable development of the seahorse farming industry.

[0076] While the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. Various modifications may be made within the scope of knowledge possessed by a person skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof may be combined with one another unless there is a conflict.

Claims

1. A feed additive comprising carotenoids, ascidian powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharide, probiotics and vitamins.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that Calculated by mass, the feed additive includes 5 to 2000 parts of carotenoids, 3 to 1200 parts of ascidian powder, 3 to 1200 parts of oyster powder, 7 to 3000 parts of mannooligosaccharides, 3 to 1200 parts of probiotics and 0.04 to 15 parts of vitamins.

3. The feed additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The probiotics include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bifidobacterium, and the bacterial count of each is 10 billion / g.

4. The feed additive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B9, vitamin B 12 and at least one of vitamin H.

5. The feed additive according to claim 4, characterized in that The carotenoids include beta carotene.

6. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in preparing a product; Preferably, the product has the efficacy of promoting the growth of hippocampus and improving the survival rate of hippocampus.

7. A feed comprising the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

8. The feed according to claim 7, characterized in that The feed also includes bait; Preferably, the bait comprises crustaceans; Preferably, the bait includes at least one of cladocerans, amphipods, copepods, mysids, and krill.

9. Use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the feed according to claim 7 or 8 in seahorse breeding; Preferably, the seahorse includes one or more of the following: seahorse line, seahorse three-spot, seahorse gray, seahorse Japanese, seahorse big, seahorse crown, seahorse spiny, seahorse Kropotkin's seahorse.

10. A method for breeding seahorses, comprising the step of feeding seahorses with the feed according to claim 7 or 8.

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