Feed additive for promoting the growth of octopus variabilis and application thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of seahorse farming technology and discloses a feed additive that promotes the growth of striped seahorses and its application. Specifically, it discloses a feed additive comprising carotenoids, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharides, probiotics, and vitamins. This invention provides a feed additive containing carotenoids, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharides, probiotics, and vitamins. Adding this feed additive to seahorse feed can significantly promote seahorse growth (significantly increasing weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and body length growth rate) and improve seahorse survival rate. This feed additive not only helps improve the economic benefits of seahorse farming but also provides strong technical support for the sustainable development of the seahorse farming industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of seahorse breeding technology, specifically relating to a feed additive that promotes the growth of striped seahorses and its application. Background Technology

[0002] Seahorses, marine creatures with significant medicinal and ornamental value, are seeing a gradual rise in the artificial breeding industry. However, slow growth, low immunity, and susceptibility to disease are serious problems hindering the development of the seahorse farming industry. Feed, as the material basis for seahorse growth and development, plays a crucial role in their growth, health, and quality.

[0003] Currently, there are many types of feed additives available for seahorse farming, but most suffer from nutritional imbalances and a lack of specificity. Traditional feed additives often focus only on adding conventional nutrients such as protein and vitamins, neglecting the specific amino acids, bioactive substances, and trace elements required by seahorses during their growth. For example, ordinary feed additives lack probiotics that effectively promote intestinal digestion and absorption in seahorses, resulting in low feed utilization rates. Simultaneously, they lack immune enhancers that can strengthen seahorses' immunity and resist disease, making them susceptible to bacterial and viral infections during farming, leading to high mortality rates. Furthermore, existing feed additives are not significantly effective in promoting seahorse growth and development, failing to meet the needs of rapid growth and thus prolonging the farming cycle and increasing costs. Therefore, developing a feed additive formula that effectively promotes seahorse growth, enhances immunity, and improves feed utilization is of significant practical importance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The first aspect of the present invention is to provide a feed additive.

[0005] The second aspect of the present invention aims to provide the application of the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention in the preparation of products.

[0006] A third aspect of the present invention is to provide a feed.

[0007] The fourth aspect of this invention aims to provide the application of the feed additive of the first aspect of this invention or the feed of the third aspect of this invention in seahorse farming.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a feed additive comprising carotenoids, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharides, probiotics, and vitamins.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive comprises, by weight parts, 5 to 2000 parts of carotenoids, 3 to 1200 parts of sea squirt powder, 3 to 1200 parts of oyster powder, 7 to 3000 parts of mannan oligosaccharides, 3 to 1200 parts of probiotics and 0.04 to 15 parts of vitamins.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive comprises, by weight parts, 60-200 parts of carotene, 40-100 parts of sea squirt powder, 40-100 parts of oyster powder, 100-200 parts of mannan oligosaccharide, 40-100 parts of probiotics and 0.4-4 parts of vitamins.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive comprises, by weight parts, 90-100 parts of carotenoids, 50-70 parts of sea squirt powder, 50-60 parts of oyster powder, 100-150 parts of mannan oligosaccharides, 40-60 parts of probiotics and 0.4-1 parts of vitamins.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the probiotics include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the probiotics include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bifidobacterium mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vitamins include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B9, and vitamin B1. 12 And at least one of vitamin H.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the vitamins include vitamin D3, vitamin B5, and vitamin H.

[0017] In some embodiments of the present invention, the carotenoids include β-carotene.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed additive comprises, by weight parts, 90-100 parts carotene, 50-70 parts sea squirt powder, 50-60 parts oyster powder, 100-150 parts mannan oligosaccharide, 40-60 parts probiotics, 0.01-0.02 parts vitamin D3, 0.4-0.6 parts vitamin B5, and 0.03-0.09 parts vitamin H.

[0019] Beta-carotene: Improves seahorse coloration, promotes seahorse reproduction, enhances seahorse egg quality, increases egg quantity and quality, and improves fertilization and hatching rates; possesses strong antioxidant capabilities, scavenging free radicals, reducing oxidative damage, protecting cells and tissues from oxidative destruction, preserving the integrity of seahorse cell membranes and organelles, and maintaining normal cell function; regulates the seahorse's immune system, promotes nutrient absorption and utilization, and increases feed intake. Oyster powder is high in protein with a balanced amino acid composition, including many essential amino acids such as methionine and tryptophan; it is rich in minerals such as calcium, iron, zinc, and selenium; and it is rich in vitamins: vitamin A and vitamin B. 12 Sea squirt powder contains vitamin D; it is rich in bioactive substances such as taurine, glycogen, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Sea squirt powder is rich in high-quality protein and various essential amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, valine, etc.), and also contains taurine; it is rich in unsaturated fatty acids (DHA, EPA); it is rich in minerals (iodine, calcium, iron, zinc); and it contains vitamins A and B. 12 It contains multiple vitamins, including vitamin D; and is rich in bioactive substances such as phospholipids, phycocyanin, and fucoxanthin.

[0020] Mannooligosaccharides regulate the intestinal microbiota, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial bacteria (such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus) while inhibiting the adhesion of harmful bacteria (such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella) to the intestinal mucosal surface. They also enhance the body's immunity: as an immune adjuvant, they promote the development of immune organs and increase the activity and number of immune cells. Furthermore, they improve intestinal barrier function: mannooligosaccharides can promote the proliferation and differentiation of intestinal epithelial cells, increase intestinal villus height, and reduce crypt depth, thereby expanding the intestinal absorptive surface area and improving the digestive and absorptive capacity of the intestine. Simultaneously, they can regulate the secretion of the intestinal mucus layer, enhancing the barrier function of the intestinal mucosa and preventing harmful substances and pathogens from entering the body.

[0021] Probiotics regulate the balance of gut microbiota, enhance intestinal digestion and absorption, promote nutrient absorption, and improve the body's immunity. Vitamin D3 promotes the absorption and utilization of calcium and phosphorus in the hippocampus, maintaining bone health; Vitamin B5 participates in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates, and proteins, and is beneficial to skin and mucous membrane health; Vitamin H participates in the composition of various carboxylases and plays an important role in the metabolism of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides the use of the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention in the preparation of products.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present invention, the product has the effect of promoting seahorse growth and improving seahorse survival rate.

[0024] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seahorse includes one or more of the following: striped seahorse, three-spotted seahorse, gray seahorse, Japanese seahorse, large seahorse, crowned seahorse, spiny seahorse, and Kreutz seahorse.

[0025] In some embodiments of the present invention, the product includes reagents or feed.

[0026] A third aspect of the present invention provides a feed comprising the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention.

[0027] In some embodiments of the present invention, the feed further includes bait.

[0028] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bait includes crustaceans.

[0029] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bait includes at least one of cladocerans, amphipods, copepods, mysids, and krill.

[0030] In some embodiments of the present invention, the bait is mysid shrimp.

[0031] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides the application of the feed additive of the first aspect of the present invention or the feed of the third aspect of the present invention in seahorse farming.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seahorse includes one or more of the following: striped seahorse, three-spotted seahorse, gray seahorse, Japanese seahorse, large seahorse, crowned seahorse, spiny seahorse, and Kreutz seahorse.

[0033] A fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for raising seahorses, comprising the step of feeding seahorses with the feed of the third aspect of the present invention.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present invention, the seahorse breeding method includes the following steps: breeding seahorses in seawater and feeding them the feed of the third aspect of the present invention 2 to 3 times a day; maintaining natural light during the breeding process, with a water temperature of 26 to 28°C, a water salinity of 28‰ to 33‰, a dissolved oxygen content in the water stably maintained at 5 to 6 mg / L, a water pH value controlled at 7 to 7.5, an ammonia nitrogen content of less than 0.01 mg / L, and a nitrite content of less than 0.005 mg / L.

[0035] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0036] This invention provides a feed additive containing carotenoids, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharides, probiotics, and vitamins. Adding this feed additive to seahorse feed significantly promotes seahorse growth (significantly increasing weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and body length growth rate) and also improves seahorse survival rates. This feed additive not only helps improve the economic benefits of seahorse farming but also provides strong technical support for the sustainable development of the seahorse farming industry. Detailed Implementation

[0037] The present invention will be further described in detail below through specific embodiments.

[0038] It should be understood that these embodiments are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Where specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer shall apply. Reagents or instruments whose manufacturers are not specified are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0040] Beta-carotene was purchased from Guangzhou Juyuan Biochemical Co., Ltd.; mannan oligosaccharide was purchased from Angel Yeast Co., Ltd.; oyster powder was purchased from Shandong Futian Zhengda Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; sea squirt powder was purchased from Sinopharm Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.; and compound probiotics were purchased from Huachu Co., Ltd.

[0041] The features and performance of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] A feed additive for promoting the growth of striped seahorses, comprising the following components by weight: 100 parts β-carotene, 60 parts oyster powder, 60 parts sea squirt powder, 150 parts mannan oligosaccharide, 60 parts compound probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1, with a bacterial count of 10 billion / g for each), 0.015 parts vitamin D3, 0.6 parts vitamin B5, and 0.03 parts vitamin H.

[0044] Example 2

[0045] A feed additive for promoting the growth of striped seahorses, comprising, by weight, the following components: 5 parts β-carotene, 3 parts oyster powder, 3 parts sea squirt powder, 7.5 parts mannan oligosaccharide, 3 parts compound probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1), 0.00075 parts vitamin D3, 0.03 parts vitamin B5, and 0.015 parts vitamin H.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] A feed additive for promoting the growth of striped seahorses, comprising the following components by weight: 2000 parts β-carotene, 1200 parts oyster powder, 1200 parts sea squirt powder, 3000 parts mannan oligosaccharide, 1200 parts compound probiotics (Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1), 0.3 parts vitamin D3, 12 parts vitamin B5, and 1.8 parts vitamin H.

[0048] Application Example 1

[0049] Location: Jinma Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province; water temperature 26-28℃; seawater salinity 28‰-33‰.

[0050] Experimental grouping: 600 striped seahorses, approximately 8 cm in body length, from the same batch were randomly selected and divided into 6 groups. Group C served as the blank control group, and Group A as the experimental group. Each group had 3 replicates, with 100 seahorses selected in each replicate. After grouping, the seahorses were placed in a 1m³ volume container. 3 In the white breeding tank;

[0051] Aquaculture Environment Control: The experimental aquaculture water used was natural seawater that had undergone sand filtration to ensure water quality. Natural light was maintained throughout the experiment, and a 24-hour continuous aeration device was used to maintain a stable dissolved oxygen content of 5–6 mg / L, a pH value of 7–7.5, ammonia nitrogen content less than 0.01 mg / L, and nitrite content less than 0.005 mg / L. Feeding and Management: Frozen mysids were fed at 9:00 AM and 3:00 PM daily, with each feeding amount being 4%–5% of the seahorse's body weight. The control group received no feed additives, while the experimental group received the feed additive from Example 1 (i.e., 100g β-carotene, 60g oyster powder, 60g sea slug powder, 150g mannan oligosaccharides, 60g compound probiotics, 15mg vitamin D3, 600mg vitamin B5, and 30mg vitamin H per 600 catties of mysids, mixed thoroughly). Every day at 9:30 and 15:30, we clean the feces, uneaten shrimp, and dead seahorses in the breeding tanks, and at the same time, we perform a 300% water change to maintain water quality and create a good environment for seahorse growth.

[0052] Growth data measurement: Every 15 days, 10 seahorses were randomly selected from each rearing tank. Body length was measured using calipers with an accuracy of 0.01 cm, and weight was measured using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01 g. Body width was also recorded. The experiment lasted for 8 weeks. Detailed data recording was maintained, and corresponding growth data were calculated, including weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and body length growth rate (PLG).

[0053] Weight gain rate (%) = (final weight - initial weight) / initial weight × 100%;

[0054] Specific growth rate = (ln final weight - ln initial weight) / rearing time;

[0055] Body length growth rate (%) = (final body length - initial body length) / initial body length × 100%.

[0056] The number of seahorse deaths was recorded daily, and the survival rate of seahorses was calculated after 8 weeks of feeding in the blank control group and the experimental group.

[0057] Independent samples t-tests were performed on the growth data of seahorses in the control and experimental groups. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2. The final body length, final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and body length growth rate of the experimental group seahorses were significantly higher than those of the blank control group (P<0.05). This indicates that the feed additive in Example 1 has a significant effect on promoting the growth of striped seahorses. Meanwhile, the average survival rate of seahorses in the blank control and experimental groups was calculated. The results showed that the average survival rate of seahorses in the experimental group was 20.78% higher than that in the control group.

[0058] Table 1. Hippocampal growth data in different treatment groups

[0059]

[0060] Table 2. Survival rate of hippocampus in different treatment groups

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] Application Example 2

[0064] Location: Jinma Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province; water temperature 24-26℃; seawater salinity 28‰-33‰.

[0065] Experimental grouping: 600 striped seahorses, approximately 10 cm in length, from the same batch were randomly selected and divided into 6 groups. Group C served as the blank control group, and Group A as the experimental group. Each group had 3 replicates, with 100 seahorses selected in each replicate. After grouping, the seahorses were placed in a 1.0 m³ / h container. 3 In the white breeding tank;

[0066] Aquaculture environment control: The experimental aquaculture water used was natural seawater that had been filtered with activated carbon and disinfected with ultraviolet light to ensure water quality. Natural light was maintained during the experiment, and a 24-hour continuous aeration device was used to keep the dissolved oxygen content in the water stable at 5-6 mg / L, the pH value controlled at 7.2-7.6, the ammonia nitrogen content less than 0.01 mg / L, and the nitrite content less than 0.005 mg / L.

[0067] Feeding and Management: Frozen mysids were fed at 8:30 AM and 4:00 PM daily, with each feeding amount being 4%–5% of the seahorse's body weight. The control group was fed mysids supplemented with 150g mannan oligosaccharide, 60g compound probiotics, 15mg vitamin D3, 600mg vitamin B5, and 30mg vitamin H per 600 catties of mysids. The experimental group was fed the feed additive from Example 1 (i.e., 100g β-carotene, 60g oyster powder, 60g sea squirt powder, 150g mannan oligosaccharide, 60g compound probiotics, 15mg vitamin D3, 600mg vitamin B5, and 30mg vitamin H per 600 catties of mysids, mixed thoroughly). At 9:00 AM and 4:30 PM daily, the feces, uneaten mysids, and dead seahorses in the rearing tanks were cleaned, and a 350% water change was performed to maintain water quality and create a favorable environment for seahorse growth.

[0068] Growth data measurement: Every 15 days, 10 seahorses were randomly selected from each rearing tank. Body length was measured using calipers with an accuracy of 0.01 cm, and weight was measured using an electronic balance with an accuracy of 0.01 g. Body height was also recorded. The experiment lasted for 10 weeks. Detailed data was recorded, and corresponding growth data were calculated, including weight gain rate (WGR), specific growth rate (SGR), and body length growth rate (PLG).

[0069] The number of seahorse deaths was recorded daily, and the survival rate of seahorses was calculated after 10 weeks of feeding in the blank control group and the experimental group.

[0070] Independent samples t-tests were performed on the growth data of the control group and the experimental group, and the results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. The results showed that the final body length, final body weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate, and body length growth rate of the seahorses in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). These results indicate that adding the feed additive of Example 1 to the basal diet of seahorses has a significant effect on promoting the growth of striped seahorses. Simultaneously, the average survival rate of the control group and the experimental group was calculated, and the results showed that the average survival rate of the experimental group was 24.12% higher than that of the control group.

[0071] Table 3. Hippocampal growth data for different treatment groups

[0072]

[0073] Table 4. Survival rate of hippocampus in different treatment groups

[0074]

[0075] The above results demonstrate that, as verified by experiments, the feed additive provided by this invention can significantly promote the growth of striped seahorses, effectively increase their growth rate, and improve their survival rate by more than 20.78%. This not only helps to improve the economic benefits of seahorse farming but also provides strong technical support for the sustainable development of the seahorse farming industry.

[0076] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Furthermore, the embodiments of the present invention and the features thereof can be combined with each other unless otherwise specified.

Claims

1. A feed additive, comprising carotenoids, sea squirt powder, oyster powder, mannan oligosaccharide, probiotics, and vitamins, wherein by weight, it comprises 5-2000 parts of carotenoids, 3-1200 parts of sea squirt powder, 3-1200 parts of oyster powder, 7-3000 parts of mannan oligosaccharide, 3-1200 parts of probiotics, and 0.04-15 parts of vitamins, wherein the probiotics are Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium, each with a bacterial count of 10 billion / g, and wherein the Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bifidobacterium are mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1:

1.

2. The feed additive according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vitamins mentioned include vitamin A, vitamin D, vitamin C, vitamin E, vitamin K, vitamin B1, vitamin B2, vitamin B3, vitamin B5, vitamin B6, vitamin B9, and vitamin B1. 12 And at least one of vitamin H.

3. The feed additive according to claim 2, characterized in that, The carotenoids include β-carotene.

4. The use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of feed.

5. The application according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feed has the effect of promoting seahorse growth and improving seahorse survival rate.

6. A feed comprising the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

7. The feed according to claim 6, characterized in that, The feed also includes bait, which is mysids.

8. The use of the feed additive according to any one of claims 1 to 3 or the feed according to any one of claims 6 to 7 in seahorse farming.

9. The application according to claim 8, characterized in that, The seahorses include one or more of the following: striped seahorse, three-spotted seahorse, gray seahorse, Japanese seahorse, large seahorse, crowned seahorse, spiny seahorse, and Kreutz seahorse.

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