A metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace and its process

Abstract

This invention discloses a metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace and its process, relating to the field of calcination furnace technology. The furnace includes a furnace shell, with a fan housing bolted to one side. Through the arrangement of guide plates and flow deflectors, the airflow between the furnace body and the furnace shell is guided during the calcination of metal solid waste materials inside the furnace. The guide plates and flow deflectors guide the airflow along a predetermined path, ensuring more thorough and uniform contact between the airflow and the furnace body and shell, thereby achieving a more uniform temperature distribution within the furnace. This prevents the metal solid waste materials from sintering, melting, or incomplete calcination due to localized high temperatures or uneven cooling. It also increases the convective heat transfer coefficient, enhances the heat transfer process, and allows the airflow to more effectively carry away heat from the furnace body surface, improving heat exchange efficiency. Furthermore, the airflow covering the furnace body surface prevents localized overheating and reduces cracking or structural failure caused by thermal stress concentration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of calcination furnace technology, specifically to a metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace and its process. Background Technology

[0002] A calcining furnace is a thermal equipment used to heat-treat carbonaceous raw materials (such as coke and anthracite) at high temperatures to improve their properties. It is used in ironmaking, rare metal recovery, catalyst production, environmental improvement, and the production of specialty chemicals.

[0003] In existing technologies, some metal dust solid waste needs to be recovered through a calcination furnace during the reduction and collection process. The metal components in the solid waste are reduced at high temperature before collection. However, during the calcination and reduction process, the temperature distribution inside the calcination furnace is uneven. The natural convection of high-temperature gas rising and low-temperature gas sinking inside the calcination furnace results in a large temperature difference between the top and bottom of the furnace. Moreover, the airflow stagnates in corners or obstructed areas, forming low-temperature zones. This leads to excessively high temperatures in some local areas, causing some furnace walls or materials to be overheated. For some easily molten metal solid waste materials, local overheating will cause them to melt and adhere to the furnace walls, causing coking. At the same time, local overheating will also change the physical state of the material, increasing its viscosity, thus causing bridging.

[0004] To address this issue, we propose a metal dust solid waste reduction, collection, and calcination furnace and its process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Technical problems to be solved

[0006] In view of this, and in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace and its process to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0007] Technical solution

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace, comprising a calcination furnace shell, a fan housing fixedly installed on one side of the calcination furnace shell by bolts, a drive motor fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fan housing, the output shaft of the drive motor penetrating and extending into the inside of the fan housing, a cooling fan rotatably connected inside the fan housing, the output shaft of the fan housing being fixedly connected to the center position of the cooling fan, and also including an auxiliary ventilation component;

[0009] The auxiliary ventilation assembly includes a calcining furnace body installed inside the calcining furnace shell, forming a hollow cavity between the calcining furnace body and the calcining furnace shell. Support rods are fixedly connected in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the calcining furnace body. A rotating gear ring is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the calcining furnace body near the fan shell. Planetary gears are symmetrically meshed on the outer surface of the rotating gear ring with reference to the center of the rotating gear ring. A driven gear ring is meshed on the outer surface of the planetary gears on the side away from the rotating gear ring. Rotating round rods are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the planetary gears on the side away from the fan shell. A turbulence-inducing component is provided on the outer surface of the rotating round rods.

[0010] The turbulence assembly includes a driven ring fixedly connected to the outer surface of a rotating round rod. Small fan blades are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the driven ring, and torsion springs are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of both ends of the small fan blades.

[0011] Preferably, multiple sets of support rods are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the calcining furnace body, and adjacent sets of support rods are staggered. The cross-section of the support rod is set as an isosceles trapezoid, and the dimension of the support rod facing the fan housing is smaller than the dimension of the side away from the fan housing. The end of the support rod away from the calcining furnace body is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the calcining furnace shell, the driven gear ring is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the calcining furnace shell, and the rotating round rod is set inside the hollow cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the driven ring, the small fan blade, and the torsion spring are all disposed inside the hollow cavity. Multiple driven rings are disposed on the rotating rod, and the ends of the torsion springs away from the small fan blades are all fixedly connected to the outer surface of the driven ring.

[0013] Preferably, it also includes a disturbance component disposed on the outer surface of the calcining furnace body;

[0014] The disturbance component includes a driven member rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace body near the blower casing. The outer surface of the driven member has through slots arranged in a circular array with reference to the center of the driven member. The outer surface of the driven member is fixedly connected with guide plates at equal intervals with reference to the center of the driven member. The inner wall of the furnace shell near the driven member is provided with guide plates at equal intervals with reference to the center of the furnace shell.

[0015] Preferably, the guide plates are respectively disposed on both sides of each driven member, and the cross-section of the guide plates is set as an isosceles trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The driven member is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating gear ring, and the guide plate is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driven gear ring.

[0016] Preferably, it also includes a cleaning component disposed on the fan housing;

[0017] The cleaning component includes a drive shaft fixedly connected to the center of the cooling fan via a reducer. The outer surface of the drive shaft has a spiral groove. A circular driven block is slidably connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft. A limiter is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular driven block. A connecting spring is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiter on the side near the fan housing. Connecting rods are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the limiter in a circumferential array with reference to the center of the limiter. A driven slider is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the limiter. Cleaning rods are fixedly connected at equal intervals between adjacent driven sliders.

[0018] The end of the drive shaft away from the cooling fan is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating gear ring. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the ring driven block. The protrusion is slidably connected inside the spiral groove. The limiting member is slidably connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft.

[0019] Preferably, it also includes a vibration assembly disposed on the outer surface of the fan housing;

[0020] The vibration assembly includes positioning rods fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fan housing in a circumferential array with reference to the center of the fan housing. At the end of the positioning rod away from the center of the fan housing, there are hemispherical protrusions fixedly connected at equal intervals inside. Each positioning rod has a cylindrical rod inside, and a return spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical rod.

[0021] Preferably, the driven slider is slidably connected to the outer surface of the positioning rod, the end of the cylindrical rod away from the positioning rod passes through and extends to the outside, and the two ends of the return spring are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical rod and the outer surface, respectively.

[0022] The preferred process for reducing, collecting, and calcining metal dust solid waste includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: Preprocessing

[0024] Metal solid waste is classified according to its composition, form, purity, etc., so that different treatment methods can be adopted. At the same time, impurities such as non-metallic substances such as plastics, rubber, and wood are removed. The screened metal solid waste material is then crushed to make its particle size meet the calcination requirements so that it can react fully during the calcination process. The particle size of the crushed metal solid waste material is generally between 8mm and 16mm. Finally, the crushed metal solid waste material that meets the particle size requirements is dried.

[0025] Step 2: Ingredient Preparation and Mixing

[0026] Based on the composition of the metal solid waste material and the metal product to be obtained, select a suitable reducing agent. The reducing agent is one of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon (such as coke, coal), metallic calcium, or aluminum. Use mechanical stirring to fully mix the metal solid waste material and the reducing agent evenly.

[0027] Step 3: Combustion and Reduction

[0028] The metal solid waste material processed in step three is loaded into the furnace body of the calcination furnace. The furnace temperature is slowly increased according to the predetermined heating curve, so that the material is gradually heated and undergoes preheating, drying, pyrolysis and other processes. After reaching the starting temperature of the reduction reaction, the temperature is strictly controlled within a suitable range to ensure the smooth progress of the reduction reaction. Under the action of high temperature, the impurities in the metal solid waste material will also undergo a series of physical and chemical changes. Some impurities will form dust inside the furnace body as the calcination process proceeds.

[0029] Step 4: Assisted calcination

[0030] During the calcination process, the staff starts the drive motor to make the cooling fan rotate and ventilate the inside of the calcination furnace to ensure that the metal solid waste material is heated evenly in the calcination furnace and to assist the calcination and reduction of the metal solid waste material in the calcination furnace.

[0031] Step 5: Cooling

[0032] After calcination, the material enters the cooling zone and exchanges heat with cold air, which rapidly reduces the temperature of the metal ore material to obtain a cooled product. The cooling method is one or a combination of natural cooling, air cooling, and water cooling.

[0033] Step Six: Discharge

[0034] After cooling, the solid metal waste is discharged from the calcining furnace through a discharge device. The cooled material is then processed to recover the metal. Depending on the properties and form of the metal, one of the following methods can be used: magnetic separation, gravity separation, acid leaching, or electrolysis, to separate the metal from the slag or other impurities.

[0035] Preferably, the calcination temperature in step three is controlled between 1200℃ and 1300℃.

[0036] Beneficial effects

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace and its process, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] By setting up the flow guide plates and flow deflectors, when calcining metal solid waste materials inside the calcining furnace, the airflow between the calcining furnace body and the calcining furnace shell is guided. The flow guide plates and flow deflectors can guide the airflow to flow along a predetermined path, so that the contact between the airflow and the calcining furnace body and the calcining furnace shell is more sufficient and uniform, thereby making the temperature distribution inside the furnace more uniform. This avoids the metal solid waste materials from sintering, melting or incomplete calcination due to local high temperature or uneven cooling. It can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient, strengthen the heat transfer process, and allow the heat on the surface of the calcining furnace body to be carried away by the airflow more effectively, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. Moreover, the airflow covers the surface of the calcining furnace body, avoiding local overheating and reducing cracking or structural failure caused by thermal stress concentration.

[0039] By continuously rotating the guide plates and deflector plates in opposite directions, the flow direction can be continuously changed, making the airflow more evenly cover the furnace surface or material layer, reducing dead zones and temperature unevenness. Stagnant gas films (such as high-temperature gas adhering to the surfaces of the guide plates and deflector plates) are easily formed on the static guide plates and deflector plates, while the rotating guide plates and deflector plates can break this gas film through continuous movement, maintaining efficient heat exchange and further ensuring the uniform distribution of heat in the calcining furnace during the calcination process.

[0040] The reciprocating cleaning rod can clean the dust on the surface of the blower casing. During the calcination process in the furnace, the calcined metal solid waste material will form dust and other impurities. These dust and impurities will adhere to the surface of the blower casing with the flow of gas, thus affecting the airflow. The cleaning rod can scrape off the dust and other impurities on the surface of the blower casing. The dust on the surface of the blower casing will increase the airflow resistance, resulting in increased power consumption of the blower. Regularly cleaning the dust with the cleaning rod can reduce wind resistance and improve the efficiency of the blower.

[0041] Meanwhile, the continuous vibration of the cylindrical rod can decompose the hard dust or clumps of dust (such as metal oxides and carbon slag) adhering to the surface of the fan casing, avoiding the dust residue caused by strong adhesion during static scraping. At the same time, the vibration can be transmitted to all parts of the fan casing, thereby covering the complex curved surfaces, welds or corners of the fan casing, ensuring that dust will not remain for a long time due to structural limitations, which is especially suitable for parts that are prone to dust accumulation. Attached Figure Description

[0042] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall appearance and structure of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the calcining furnace shell of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship at the driven member of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0046] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship at the driven gear ring of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point B;

[0048] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship of the driven slider in this invention;

[0049] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship at the drive shaft of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point C;

[0051] Figure 10 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the driven slider of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 11 For the present invention Figure 10 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point D;

[0053] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the fan casing of the present invention.

[0054] In the diagram: 11. Calcining furnace shell; 12. Fan shell; 13. Drive motor; 14. Cooling fan;

[0055] 21. Calcining furnace body; 22. Hollow cavity; 23. Support rod; 24. Rotating gear ring; 25. Planetary gear; 26. Driven gear ring; 27. Rotating round rod; 2801. Driven ring; 2802. Small fan blade; 2803. Torsion spring;

[0056] 31. Follower; 32. Through slot; 33. Flow guide plate; 34. Flow deflector plate;

[0057] 41. Drive shaft; 42. Spiral groove; 43. Circular driven block; 44. Limiting component; 45. Connecting spring; 46. Connecting rod; 47. Driven slider; 48. Cleaning rod;

[0058] 51. Positioning rod; 52. Hemispherical protrusion; 53. Cylindrical rod; 54. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0059] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0060] Example 1

[0061] Please see Figures 1 to 7 and Figure 12 A metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace includes a calcination furnace shell 11, a fan housing 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the calcination furnace shell 11 by bolts, a drive motor 13 is fixedly installed on the outer surface of the fan housing 12, the output shaft of the drive motor 13 passes through and extends into the inside of the fan housing 12, a cooling fan 14 is rotatably connected inside the fan housing 12, the output shaft of the fan housing 12 is fixedly connected to the center position of the cooling fan 14, and an auxiliary ventilation component is also included.

[0062] The auxiliary ventilation assembly includes a calcining furnace body 21 disposed inside the calcining furnace shell 11, a hollow cavity 22 formed between the calcining furnace body 21 and the calcining furnace shell 11, and support rods 23 fixedly connected in a circumferential array on the outer surface of the calcining furnace body 21. A rotating gear ring 24 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the calcining furnace body 21 near the fan shell 12. Planetary gears 25 are symmetrically meshed on the outer surface of the rotating gear ring 24 with reference to the center of the rotating gear ring 24. A driven gear ring 26 is meshed on the outer surface of the planetary gears 25 away from the rotating gear ring 24. A rotating round rod 27 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the planetary gears 25 away from the fan shell 12. A turbulence component is provided on the outer surface of the rotating round rod 27.

[0063] The turbulence assembly includes a driven ring 2801 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating round rod 27. Small fan blades 2802 are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the driven ring 2801, and torsion springs 2803 are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of both ends of the small fan blades 2802.

[0064] Among them, multiple sets of support rods 23 are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the furnace body 21, and the adjacent sets of support rods 23 are staggered. The cross-section of the support rod 23 is set as an isosceles trapezoid, and the dimension of the support rod 23 facing the fan housing 12 is smaller than the dimension of the side away from the fan housing 12. The end of the support rod 23 away from the furnace body 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace shell 11. The driven gear ring 26 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace shell 11. The rotating round rod 27 is set inside the hollow cavity 22.

[0065] Among them, the driven ring 2801, the small fan blade 2802 and the torsion spring 2803 are all disposed inside the hollow cavity 22. Multiple driven rings 2801 are disposed on the rotating round rod 27, and the end of the torsion spring 2803 away from the small fan blade 2802 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the driven ring 2801.

[0066] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 The metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace also includes a disturbance component disposed on the outer surface of the furnace body 21;

[0067] The disturbance component includes a driven member 31 rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace body 21 near the blower housing 12. The outer surface of the driven member 31 is provided with through slots 32 arranged in a circular array with reference to the center of the driven member 31. The outer surface of the driven member 31 is fixedly connected with guide plates 33 at equal intervals with reference to the center of the driven member 31. The inner wall of the furnace housing 11 near the driven member 31 is provided with guide plates 34 at equal intervals with reference to the center of the furnace housing 11.

[0068] The flow guide plate 33 is respectively disposed on both sides of each driven member 31, and the cross-section of the flow guide plate 33 is set as an isosceles trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The driven member 31 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating gear ring 24, and the flow guide plate 34 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the driven gear ring 26.

[0069] Please see Figures 7 to 12 The metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace also includes a cleaning component installed on the fan casing 12;

[0070] The cleaning assembly includes a drive shaft 41 fixedly connected to the center of the cooling fan 14 via a reducer. The outer surface of the drive shaft 41 has a spiral groove 42. A circular follower block 43 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft 41. A limiter 44 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular follower block 43. A connecting spring 45 is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiter 44 near the fan housing 12. Connecting rods 46 are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the limiter 44 in a circumferential array with reference to the center of the limiter 44. A follower slider 47 is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod 46 away from the limiter 44. Cleaning rods 48 are fixedly connected at equal intervals between adjacent follower sliders 47.

[0071] The end of the drive shaft 41 away from the cooling fan 14 is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating gear ring 24. A protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the ring driven block 43. The protrusion is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral groove 42. The limiting member 44 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft 41.

[0072] The cleaning rod 48 is fitted to the surface of the fan housing 12. A brush is provided on the side of the cleaning rod 48 closest to the fan housing 12. The cleaning rod 48 is a circular tube with retractable ends.

[0073] Please see Figures 10 to 12 The metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace also includes a vibration component installed on the outer surface of the blower casing 12;

[0074] The vibration assembly includes positioning rods 51 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fan housing 12 in a circumferential array with reference to the center of the fan housing 12. The positioning rods 51 have hemispherical protrusions 52 fixedly connected at equal intervals at the end away from the center of the fan housing 12. Each positioning rod 51 has a cylindrical rod 53 inside, and a return spring 54 is sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical rod 53.

[0075] The driven slider 47 is slidably connected to the outer surface of the positioning rod 51, the cylindrical rod 53 extends through and outwards from the end away from the positioning rod 51, and the two ends of the return spring 54 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical rod 53 and the outer surface, respectively.

[0076] Among them, the hemispherical protrusion 52 is located on the movement trajectory of the cylindrical rod 53.

[0077] Example 2

[0078] The process for reducing, collecting, and calcining solid waste containing metal dust includes the following steps:

[0079] Step 1: Preprocessing

[0080] Metal solid waste is classified according to its composition, form, purity, etc., so that different treatment methods can be adopted. At the same time, impurities such as non-metallic substances such as plastics, rubber, and wood are removed. The screened metal solid waste material is then crushed to make its particle size meet the calcination requirements so that it can react fully during the calcination process. The particle size of the crushed metal solid waste material is generally between 8mm and 16mm. Finally, the crushed metal solid waste material that meets the particle size requirements is dried.

[0081] Step 2: Ingredient Preparation and Mixing

[0082] Based on the composition of the metal solid waste material and the metal product to be obtained, select a suitable reducing agent. The reducing agent is one of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon (such as coke, coal), metallic calcium, or aluminum. Use mechanical stirring to fully mix the metal solid waste material and the reducing agent evenly.

[0083] Step 3: Combustion and Reduction

[0084] The metal solid waste material processed in step three is loaded into the furnace body 21 of the calcining furnace. The furnace temperature is slowly increased according to the predetermined heating curve, so that the material is gradually heated and undergoes preheating, drying, pyrolysis and other processes. After reaching the starting temperature of the reduction reaction, the temperature is strictly controlled within a suitable range to ensure the smooth progress of the reduction reaction. Under the action of high temperature, the impurities in the metal solid waste material will also undergo a series of physical and chemical changes. Some impurities will form dust inside the furnace body 21 as the calcination process proceeds.

[0085] Step 4: Assisted calcination

[0086] During the calcination process, the staff started the drive motor 13, which caused the cooling fan 14 to rotate and ventilate the inside of the calcination furnace 21 to ensure that the metal solid waste material is heated evenly in the calcination furnace 21 and to assist the calcination and reduction of the metal solid waste material in the calcination furnace 21.

[0087] Step 5: Cooling

[0088] After calcination, the material enters the cooling zone and exchanges heat with cold air, which rapidly reduces the temperature of the metal ore material to obtain a cooled product. The cooling method is one or a combination of natural cooling, air cooling, and water cooling.

[0089] Step Six: Discharge

[0090] After cooling, the solid metal waste material is discharged from the furnace body 21 of the calcining furnace through the discharge device. The cooled material is then processed to recover the metal. Depending on the properties and form of the metal, one of the following methods can be used to separate the metal from the slag or other impurities: magnetic separation, gravity separation, acid leaching, or electrolysis.

[0091] In step three, the calcination temperature is controlled between 1200℃ and 1300℃.

[0092] The overall working process and principle of the above embodiments are as follows:

[0093] Calcination of metallic solid waste materials:

[0094] The staff injects the pre-treated metal solid waste material into the furnace body 21 of the calcining furnace. Then, the granular metal solid waste material inside the furnace body 21 is heated and reduced by the heating device built into the furnace body 21. Subsequently, the staff controls the drive motor 13 to start through the external controller. The drive motor 13 drives the cooling fan 14, which is fixedly connected to its output shaft, to rotate inside the fan housing 12 to assist in the reduction of the metal solid waste material inside the furnace body 21.

[0095] Specifically, when the cooling fan 14 rotates inside the fan housing 12, most of the airflow generated by the rotation of the cooling fan 14 will enter the interior of the calcining furnace body 21, and another part will enter the interior of the hollow cavity 22 formed between the calcining furnace housing 11 and the calcining furnace body 21.

[0096] As the drive motor 13 drives the cooling fan 14 to rotate, the drive shaft 41, which is fixedly connected to the cooling fan 14 through a reducer, will rotate accordingly. The rotating gear ring 24, which is fixedly connected to the drive shaft 41, will also rotate accordingly. Since the outer surface of the rotating gear ring 24 is arranged in a circumferential array with planetary gears 25 that mesh with it, and the outer surfaces of the planetary gears 25 mesh with the driven gear ring 26, the planetary gears 25 will rotate under the action of the rotating gear ring 24, thereby driving the driven gear ring 26 to rotate.

[0097] It should be noted that when the rotating gear ring 24 rotates clockwise, the planetary gear 25 will rotate counterclockwise, which in turn causes the driven gear ring 26 to rotate counterclockwise synchronously. That is, the rotation directions of the rotating gear ring 24 and the driven gear ring 26 are always opposite.

[0098] As the rotating gear ring 24 rotates clockwise, the driven member 31, which is fixedly connected to the rotating gear ring 24, will rotate clockwise outside the furnace body 21. At this time, the through slot 32 opened on the driven member 31 and the guide plate 33 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the driven member 31 will rotate clockwise. Meanwhile, the guide plate 34, which is fixedly connected to the driven gear ring 26, will rotate counterclockwise inside the furnace shell 11.

[0099] At this time, the airflow entering the hollow cavity 22 will be affected by the continuously rotating forward guide plate 33 and the continuously rotating reverse guide plate 34, and then enter the part of the hollow cavity 22 where the guide plate 33 and the guide plate 34 are not provided. During this process, the guide plate 33 and the guide plate 34 will continuously guide the airflow.

[0100] Furthermore, as the planetary gear 25 rotates, the rotating rod 27, which is fixedly connected to the planetary gear 25, will also rotate. Simultaneously, the rotating rod 27 will cause the driven ring 2801, which is fixedly connected to its outer surface, to rotate, thereby causing the small fan blade 2802 to rotate inside the hollow cavity 22. As the guide plate 34 and the guide plate 33 rotate, the small fan is positioned between the guide plate 34 and the guide plate 33, and the outer surface of the small fan will contact the surfaces of the guide plate 34 and the guide plate 33. Furthermore, due to the staggered arrangement of the guide plate 34 and the guide plate 33, the small fan will rotate around the surface of the driven ring 2801 when squeezed by the guide plate 34 or the guide plate 33, and at the same time compress the torsion spring 2803 set on the outer surface of the driven ring 2801. When the guide plate 34 or the guide plate 33 is no longer in contact with the surface of the small fan blade 2802, the small fan blade 2802 will return to its initial state under the action of the torsion spring 2803, and will continue to rotate under the action of the rotating rod 27.

[0101] By setting the flow guide plate 33 and the flow guide plate 34, when calcining metal solid waste materials inside the furnace body 21, the airflow between the furnace body 21 and the furnace shell 11 is guided. The flow guide plate 33 and the flow guide plate 34 can guide the airflow to flow along a predetermined path, so that the contact between the airflow and the furnace body 21 and the furnace shell 11 is more sufficient and uniform, thereby making the temperature distribution inside the furnace more uniform. This avoids the metal solid waste materials from sintering, melting or incomplete calcination due to local high temperature or uneven cooling. It can increase the convective heat transfer coefficient, strengthen the heat transfer process, and allow the heat on the surface of the furnace body 21 to be carried away by the airflow more effectively, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. In addition, the airflow covers the surface of the furnace body 21, avoiding local overheating and reducing cracking or structural failure caused by thermal stress concentration.

[0102] Through the continuous rotation of the flow guide plate 33 and the flow guide plate 34, which rotate in opposite directions, the flow guide structure can continuously change the airflow direction, making the airflow more evenly cover the furnace surface or material layer, reducing dead corners and temperature unevenness. Furthermore, static flow guide plate 34 and flow guide plate 33 are prone to forming stagnant gas film (such as high-temperature gas adhering to the surface of flow guide plate 34 and flow guide plate 33), while the rotating flow guide plate 34 and flow guide plate 33 can break this gas film through continuous movement, maintaining efficient heat exchange and further ensuring the uniform distribution of heat in the furnace body 21 during the calcination process.

[0103] Meanwhile, the cooling fan 14 is connected to the drive shaft 41 through a reducer. After being driven by the reducer, the speed of the drive shaft 41 will be much smaller than the speed of the cooling fan 14. Since the outer surface of the drive shaft 41 is provided with a spiral groove 42, the annular driven block 43 is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral groove 42 through the protrusion fixedly connected inside. At this time, the drive shaft 41, the spiral groove 42 and the annular driven block 43 can be regarded as a reciprocating screw. Therefore, the continuous rotation of the drive shaft 41 will cause the annular driven block 43 to reciprocate on the drive shaft 41.

[0104] At this time, the limiting member 44, which is rotatably connected to the outside of the driven block 43, will reciprocate on the outer surface of the drive shaft 41. When the limiting member 44 moves away from the fan housing 12 on the drive shaft 41, the movement of the limiting member 44 will stretch the connecting spring 45, which is fixedly connected between the limiting member 44 and the fan housing 12. In this state, the connecting rod 46, which is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the limiting member 44, will move away from the limiting member 44 towards the center of the fan housing 12 under the action of the limiting member 44, thereby driving the driven slider 47, which is rotatably connected to the connecting rod 46, to move towards the center of the fan housing 12 on the surface of the positioning rod 51.

[0105] In the above process, since the driven sliders 47 are arranged in a circular array with reference to the center of the drive shaft 41, and cleaning rods 48 are fixedly connected at equal intervals between adjacent driven sliders 47, and the cleaning rods 48 are set in contact with the surface of the fan housing 12, the cleaning rods 48 can scrape off the dust attached to the outer surface of the fan housing 12 during the movement of the driven sliders 47.

[0106] It should be noted that a brush is provided on the surface of the cleaning rod 48 near the fan housing 12, and the cleaning rod 48 is set as an arc-shaped tube with retractable ends. Therefore, during the movement of the driven slider 47, the cleaning rod 48 located between adjacent driven sliders 47 will be squeezed by the driven slider 47, and the two ends of the cleaning rod 48 will retract towards the center, so as not to affect the cleaning of the surface of the fan housing 12 by the cleaning rod 48.

[0107] As the driven slider 47 moves, the cylindrical rod 53, which is slidably connected to the end of the driven slider 47 away from the limiting member 44, will move accordingly. Since the hemispherical protrusion 52 is located on the movement trajectory of the cylindrical rod 53, as the driven slider 47 slides on the outer surface of the positioning rod 51, the surface of the cylindrical rod 53 near the positioning rod 51 will contact the surface of the hemispherical protrusion 52 and be squeezed by the smooth surface of the hemispherical protrusion 52, thereby generating movement away from the hemispherical protrusion 52 inside the driven slider 47. During the movement, the return spring 54 set between the driven slider 47 and the cylindrical rod 53 is compressed, and the movement state of the cylindrical rod 53 returns to the initial state under the elastic deformation force of the return spring 54 after the cylindrical rod 53 is separated from the hemispherical protrusion 52. Since the hemispherical protrusions 52 are equidistantly set, the above-mentioned movement process of the cylindrical rod 53 will be repeated with the movement of the driven slider 47, thereby realizing the continuous vibration of the cylindrical rod 53 on the positioning rod 51.

[0108] When the limiting member 44 moves toward the fan housing 12 under the continuous rotation of the drive shaft 41, the driven slider 47 and the cylindrical rod 53 will move in the opposite direction according to the above steps, and the reciprocating motion of the limiting member 44 continues with the rotation of the drive shaft 41.

[0109] The reciprocating cleaning rod 48 can clean the dust on the surface of the fan housing 12. During the calcination process in the furnace body 21, the calcined metal solid waste material will form dust and other impurities. These dust and impurities will adhere to the surface of the fan housing 12 with the flow of gas, thus affecting the airflow. The cleaning rod 48 can scrape off the dust and other impurities on the surface of the fan housing 12. The dust on the surface of the fan housing 12 will increase the airflow resistance, resulting in increased power consumption of the fan. The cleaning rod 48 can remove the dust regularly, which can reduce wind resistance and improve the efficiency of the fan.

[0110] Meanwhile, the continuous vibration setting of the cylindrical rod 53 can decompose the hard dust or clumps of dust (such as metal oxides, carbon slag, etc.) attached to the surface of the fan housing 12, avoiding the dust residue due to strong adhesion when statically scraping. At the same time, the vibration can be transmitted to all parts of the fan housing 12, thereby covering the complex curved surfaces, welds or corners of the fan housing 12, ensuring that dust will not remain for a long time due to structural limitations, which is especially suitable for parts that are prone to dust accumulation.

[0111] After the metal solid waste material in the furnace body 21 has been calcined, the staff can control the cooling fan 14 to continue to rotate through the drive motor 13, thereby accelerating the cooling of the calcined metal solid waste material by guiding the airflow between the furnace body 21 and the furnace shell 11 again.

[0112] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0113] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A metal dust solid waste reduction and collection calcination furnace, comprising a furnace shell (11), a fan housing (12) fixedly mounted on one side of the furnace shell (11) by bolts, a drive motor (13) fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the fan housing (12), the output shaft of the drive motor (13) penetrating and extending into the inside of the fan housing (12), a cooling fan (14) rotatably connected inside the fan housing (12), and the output shaft of the fan housing (12) being fixedly connected to the center position of the cooling fan (14), characterized in that: It also includes auxiliary ventilation components; The auxiliary ventilation assembly includes a furnace body (21) installed inside the furnace shell (11), a hollow cavity (22) is formed between the furnace body (21) and the furnace shell (11), and a support rod (23) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the furnace body (21) in a circumferential array. A rotating gear ring (24) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace body (21) near the fan shell (12). A planetary gear (25) is symmetrically meshed on the outer surface of the rotating gear ring (24) with reference to the center of the rotating gear ring (24). A driven gear ring (26) is meshed on the outer surface of the planetary gear (25) away from the rotating gear ring (24). A rotating round rod (27) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the planetary gear (25) away from the fan shell (12). A turbulence component is provided on the outer surface of the rotating round rod (27). The turbulence assembly includes a driven ring (2801) fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating round rod (27). Small fan blades (2802) are rotatably connected to the outer surface of the driven ring (2801). Torsion springs (2803) are fixedly connected to the outer surfaces of both ends of the small fan blades (2802).

2. The metal dust solid waste reduction, collection, and calcination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sets of support rods (23) are equidistantly arranged on the outer surface of the furnace body (21) of the calcining furnace, and the adjacent sets of support rods (23) are staggered. The cross section of the support rod (23) is set as an isosceles trapezoid, and the dimension of the support rod (23) facing the fan shell (12) is smaller than the dimension of the side away from the fan shell (12). The end of the support rod (23) away from the furnace body (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace shell (11). The driven gear ring (26) is rotatably connected to the inner surface of the furnace shell (11). The rotating round rod (27) is set inside the hollow cavity (22).

3. The metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driven ring (2801), the small fan blade (2802) and the torsion spring (2803) are all located inside the hollow cavity (22). Multiple driven rings (2801) are provided on the rotating rod (27). The end of the torsion spring (2803) away from the small fan blade (2802) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the driven ring (2801).

4. The metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a disturbance component disposed on the outer surface of the furnace body (21) of the calcining furnace; The disturbance component includes a driven member (31) rotatably connected to the outer surface of the furnace body (21) near the blower housing (12). The outer surface of the driven member (31) is provided with a through groove (32) in a circular array with reference to the center of the driven member (31). The outer surface of the driven member (31) is fixedly connected with a flow guide plate (33) at equal intervals with reference to the center of the driven member (31). The inner wall of the furnace housing (11) near the driven member (31) is provided with a flow guide plate (34) at equal intervals with reference to the center of the furnace housing (11).

5. The metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flow guide plate (33) is respectively set on both sides of each follower (31), and the cross section of the flow guide plate (33) is set as an isosceles trapezoid with a narrow top and a wide bottom. The follower (31) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the rotating gear ring (24), and the flow guide plate (34) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the follower gear ring (26).

6. The metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a cleaning assembly mounted on the fan housing (12); The cleaning assembly includes a drive shaft (41) fixedly connected to the center of the cooling fan (14) via a reducer. The outer surface of the drive shaft (41) is provided with a spiral groove (42). A circular follower block (43) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft (41). A limiter (44) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the circular follower block (43). A connecting spring (45) is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the limiter (44) on the side close to the fan housing (12). A connecting rod (46) is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the limiter (44) in a circular array with reference to the center of the limiter (44). A follower slider (47) is rotatably connected to the end of the connecting rod (46) away from the limiter (44). A cleaning rod (48) is fixedly connected at equal intervals between adjacent follower sliders (47). The end of the drive shaft (41) away from the cooling fan (14) is fixedly connected to the center of the rotating gear ring (24). A protrusion is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the ring driven block (43). The protrusion is slidably connected to the inside of the spiral groove (42). The limiting member (44) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the drive shaft (41).

7. The metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a vibration assembly disposed on the outer surface of the fan housing (12); The vibration assembly includes positioning rods (51) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the fan housing (12) in a circular array with reference to the center of the fan housing (12). At the end of the positioning rod (51) away from the center of the fan housing (12), there are hemispherical protrusions (52) fixedly connected at equal intervals. A cylindrical rod (53) is provided inside the positioning rod (51), and a return spring (54) is sleeved on the outer surface of the cylindrical rod (53).

8. The metal dust solid waste reduction collection and calcination furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that: The driven slider (47) is slidably connected to the outer surface of the positioning rod (51). The end of the cylindrical rod (53) away from the positioning rod (51) passes through and extends to the outside of the driven slider (47). The two ends of the return spring (54) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the cylindrical rod (53) and the outer surface of the driven slider (47), respectively.

9. A process for reducing, collecting, and calcining metal dust solid waste, applied to a metal dust solid waste reduction, collecting, and calcining furnace as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Preprocessing Metal solid waste is classified according to its composition, form, purity, etc., so that different treatment methods can be adopted. At the same time, impurities such as non-metallic substances such as plastics, rubber, and wood are removed. The screened metal solid waste material is then crushed to make its particle size meet the calcination requirements so that it can react fully during the calcination process. The particle size of the crushed metal solid waste material is between 8mm and 16mm. Finally, the crushed metal solid waste material that meets the particle size requirements is dried. Step 2: Ingredient Preparation and Mixing Based on the composition of the metal solid waste material and the metal product to be obtained, select a suitable reducing agent. The reducing agent is one of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon, metallic calcium, or aluminum. Use mechanical stirring to fully mix the metal solid waste material and the reducing agent evenly. Step 3: Combustion and Reduction The metal solid waste material processed in step three is loaded into the furnace body (21) of the calcining furnace. The furnace temperature is slowly increased according to the predetermined heating curve so that the material is gradually heated and preheated, dried and pyrolyzed. After reaching the starting temperature of the reduction reaction, the temperature is strictly controlled within a suitable range to ensure the smooth progress of the reduction reaction. Under the action of high temperature, the impurities in the metal solid waste material will also undergo a series of physical and chemical changes. Some impurities will form dust inside the furnace body (21) as the calcination process proceeds. Step 4: Assisted calcination During the calcination process, the staff started the drive motor (13) to make the cooling fan (14) rotate and ventilate the furnace body (21) to ensure that the metal solid waste material is heated evenly in the furnace body (21) and to assist the metal solid waste material in the calcination and reduction in the furnace body (21). Step 5: Cooling After calcination, the material enters the cooling zone and exchanges heat with cold air, which rapidly reduces the temperature of the metal ore material to obtain a cooled product. The cooling method is one or a combination of natural cooling, air cooling, and water cooling. Step Six: Discharge After cooling, the solid metal waste material is discharged from the furnace body (21) of the calcining furnace through the discharge device. The cooled material is then processed to recover the metal. Depending on the properties and form of the metal, one of the following methods can be used: magnetic separation, gravity separation, acid leaching, or electrolysis, to separate the metal from the slag or other impurities.

10. The metal dust solid waste reduction, collection, and calcination process according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step three, the calcination temperature is controlled between 1200℃ and 1300℃.

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