A precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device, method and monitoring system

Abstract

The present application belongs to the field of precast diaphragm wall soil monitoring, and particularly relates to a precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device, method and monitoring system. The monitoring device comprises a cylinder, a pore water pressure monitoring part, an effective stress monitoring part and a total stress monitoring part arranged in the cylinder. The precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device provided by the present application realizes the simultaneous detection of the pore water pressure, the effective stress and the total stress of the precast diaphragm wall soil based on the mechanical structure and the hydraulic principle. Compared with the traditional monitoring device, the present application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient and fast installation, long service life, no limitation of external power supply of the traditional monitoring device, no influence of humidity and electromagnetic interference, and guaranteed accuracy and stability of the monitoring data. The present application has important significance for improving the monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the field of precast diaphragm wall soil monitoring, and particularly relates to a precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device, method and system. BACKGROUND

[0002] As a kind of efficient underground continuous wall structure, the precast diaphragm wall has the particularity of factory prefabrication and on-site assembly. This construction method can significantly improve construction efficiency and reduce on-site operation time. The precast diaphragm wall has large rigidity and small influence on the surrounding soil and structures of the foundation pit, and is therefore often used as a retaining wall. Due to the structural characteristics of the precast diaphragm wall, especially at the joint, the stress condition is complex and stress concentration is easy to occur. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor the total stress, effective stress and pore water pressure in the soil. The monitoring of total stress helps to evaluate the stability of the diaphragm wall and the surrounding soil, and prevent potential landslides or structural instability. The monitoring of effective stress can reflect the degree of soil consolidation and the change of pore water pressure, which is of great significance for evaluating the consolidation state of the soil and predicting the long-term stability of the diaphragm wall. In particular, the monitoring of pore water pressure is particularly crucial in the waterproof monitoring of the precast diaphragm wall joint, because the construction process of the precast diaphragm wall, which forms a whole structure by block assembly, makes the precast diaphragm wall joint position a weak link in waterproofing, and is prone to water leakage. Therefore, through the monitoring of total stress, effective stress and pore water pressure, timely warning and measures can be taken to ensure the construction safety and long-term performance of the precast diaphragm wall.

[0003] Although existing soil stress monitoring techniques such as strain gauges can provide soil stress information to some extent, they usually require external power supply, which has limitations in the construction environment of the precast diaphragm wall. The arrangement of power supply lines is complex and is easily affected by the construction site environment, such as humidity, electromagnetic interference, etc., which may affect the accuracy and stability of the monitoring data. In addition, existing monitoring techniques often have difficulty in accurately monitoring the total stress, effective stress and pore water pressure of the soil at the same time. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a device that does not require external power supply and can accurately monitor the total stress of the precast diaphragm wall soil, in order to improve the monitoring efficiency and accuracy. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a precast diaphragm wall soil total stress monitoring device based on mechanical structure and hydraulic principle, which can simultaneously monitor the pore water pressure, soil effective stress and soil total stress.

[0005] The present application provides a precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device, which comprises a cylinder, a pore water pressure monitoring part, a soil effective stress monitoring part and a soil total stress monitoring part arranged in the cylinder.

[0006] The barrel is hollow inside and has an open end;

[0007] The pore water pressure monitoring part comprises a first cavity arranged at the end of the barrel away from the opening, and a water pressure monitoring device connected to the first cavity. A water-permeable structure is arranged on the end plate or the side plate of the barrel to communicate with the first cavity.

[0008] The soil effective stress monitoring part comprises a first force transmission plate, a second force transmission plate, a fixing frame and a first hydraulic monitoring mechanism. The first force transmission plate and the second force transmission plate are both sealingly and slidingly arranged in the barrel, and the first force transmission plate and the second force transmission plate are connected to each other through a force transmission rod. The first force transmission plate serves as one of the cavity walls of the first cavity. The fixing frame is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the barrel between the first force transmission plate and the second force transmission plate. The first hydraulic monitoring mechanism comprises a first fixed end arranged on the fixing frame and a first movable end arranged on the first force transmission plate or the second force transmission plate. The first fixed end and the first movable end form a first hydraulic cylinder structure. The first hydraulic monitoring mechanism further comprises a first hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism for monitoring the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0009] The soil total stress monitoring part comprises a soil total stress force transmission plate and a second hydraulic monitoring mechanism. The soil total stress force transmission plate is sealingly and slidingly arranged at the opening side of the barrel and blocks the opening. The second hydraulic monitoring mechanism comprises a second fixed end arranged on the second force transmission plate and a second movable end fixedly arranged on the soil total stress force transmission plate. The second fixed end and the second movable end form a second hydraulic cylinder structure. The second hydraulic monitoring mechanism further comprises a second hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism for monitoring the hydraulic pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0010] Further, the water-permeable structure is arranged on the end plate at the opening side of the barrel.

[0011] The water-permeable structure is used to isolate the soil of the soil body from the first cavity and to allow the water in the soil body to permeate into the first cavity.

[0012] Further, the water pressure monitoring device comprises a water pressure gauge arranged outside the barrel and a first pipe body communicating the water pressure gauge with the first cavity.

[0013] Further, the first fixed end is a cylinder or a piston, the first movable end is a piston or a cylinder, the cylinder and the piston form the first hydraulic cylinder structure, and a liquid medium is arranged in the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0014] The first hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism comprises a soil effective stress hydraulic gauge arranged outside the barrel and a second pipe body communicating the soil effective stress hydraulic gauge with the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0015] Further, the second fixed end is a cylinder or a piston, the second movable end is a piston or a cylinder, the cylinder and the piston form the second hydraulic cylinder structure, and a liquid medium is arranged in the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0016] The second hydraulic size monitoring mechanism comprises a soil total stress hydraulic gauge arranged outside the cylinder body and a third pipe body in communication with the soil total stress hydraulic gauge and the hydraulic cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0017] Further, the cross-sectional areas of the first force transmission plate, the second force transmission plate and the soil total stress force transmission plate are consistent.

[0018] Further, the ratio of the surface area of the first force transmission plate to the cross-sectional area of the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder structure is adjustable.

[0019] The ratio of the surface area of the soil total stress force transmission plate to the cross-sectional area of the hydraulic cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder structure is adjustable.

[0020] The application further provides a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring method using the prefabricated diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device, comprising the following steps:

[0021] S1, arranging the water-permeable structure and the soil total stress force transmission plate of the prefabricated diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring method on the soil-facing surface of the prefabricated diaphragm wall;

[0022] S2, performing the prefabricated diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring, comprising:

[0023] After the water in the soil enters the first cavity through the water-permeable structure, the water pressure monitoring device measures the pore water pressure in the first cavity, and at the same time, the first cavity applies a first direction moving pressure equal to the pore water pressure to the first force transmission plate;

[0024] The soil applies pressure to the soil total stress force transmission plate to drive the soil total stress force transmission plate to move, at which time the pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder structure connected with the soil total stress force transmission plate changes, the change of the pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder structure is monitored by the second hydraulic size monitoring mechanism, and the soil total stress is calculated by the soil total stress calculation model;

[0025] When the soil applies pressure to the soil total stress force transmission plate, the soil total stress force transmission plate applies a second direction moving pressure to the second force transmission plate through the second hydraulic cylinder structure, the relative movement of the first force transmission plate and the second force transmission plate causes the pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder structure to change, and the soil effective stress is calculated by the soil effective stress calculation model.

[0026] Further, the soil total stress calculation model is:

[0027] ;

[0028] wherein, is the soil total stress; is the change of the hydraulic pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder structure, which is monitored by the second hydraulic size monitoring mechanism;A 3 is the surface area of the total stress transfer plate of the soil body; A 5 is the cross-sectional area of the hydraulic cavity of the second hydraulic cylinder structure;

[0029] The effective stress calculation model of the soil body is:

[0030] ;

[0031] Wherein, is the effective stress of the soil body; is the hydraulic change of the first hydraulic cylinder structure, which is monitored by the first hydraulic size monitoring mechanism; A 1 is the surface area of the first transfer plate; A 4 is the cross-sectional area of the hydraulic cavity of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0032] The application also provides a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring system, comprising a prefabricated diaphragm wall and a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device as described above.

[0033] The prefabricated diaphragm wall is provided with a pre-buried groove on the soil-facing surface, and the cylinder in the prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device is arranged in the pre-buried groove, and the water-permeable structure and the opening of the cylinder can contact the soil through the pre-buried groove.

[0034] The prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device provided by the application realizes the simultaneous detection of the pore water pressure of the prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body, the effective stress of the soil body and the total stress of the soil body based on mechanical structure and hydraulic principle. Compared with the traditional monitoring device, the application has the advantages of simple structure, convenient and fast installation, long service life, no limitation of external power supply of the traditional monitoring device, no influence of humidity and electromagnetic interference, and can guarantee the accuracy and stability of the monitoring data. It is of great significance to improve the monitoring efficiency and accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a prefabricated diaphragm wall in an embodiment of the application; Figure 1

[0036] FIG. 2 is a layout schematic diagram of a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring system in an embodiment of the application; Figure 2 FIG. 3 is an internal structure schematic diagram of a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device in an embodiment of the application;

[0037] Figure 3 FIG. 4 is a structural cross-sectional front view of a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device in an embodiment of the application;

[0038] FIG. 5 is a structural cross-sectional side view of a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device in an embodiment of the application; Figure 4 FIG. 6 is a structural cross-sectional top view of a prefabricated diaphragm wall soil body comprehensive stress monitoring device in an embodiment of the application;

[0039] Figure 5 ​​​Structure schematic diagram of the first hydraulic cylinder structure or the second hydraulic cylinder structure in the embodiment of the present application.

[0040] In the figure, 1, barrel; 2, water permeable structure; 3, first force transmission plate; 4, force transmission rod; 5, first moving end; 6, first fixed end; 7, fixed frame; 8, second force transmission plate; 9, second fixed end; 10, second moving end; 11, water pressure gauge; 12, first pipe body; 13, soil effective stress hydraulic gauge; 14, second pipe body; 15, soil total stress hydraulic gauge; 16, third pipe body; 17, soil total stress force transmission plate; 18, piston; 19, precast diaphragm wall; 20, pre-embedded groove; 21, first cavity; 22, hydraulic chamber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0042] It should be noted that all directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the certain posture changes, the directional indications also change accordingly.

[0043] In addition, the description such as "first", "second" and the like in the present application is only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0044] In the present application, unless otherwise specifically defined and limited, the terms "connection", "fixing" and the like should be understood broadly, for example, "fixing" can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integral; can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection, or physical connection or wireless communication connection; can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically defined. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0045] Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but only if they are feasible for those skilled in the art. If the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

[0046] As attached Figure 1 - Appendix Figure 5 As shown, this invention provides a comprehensive soil stress monitoring device for precast diaphragm walls, comprising a cylinder 1, a pore water pressure monitoring unit, a soil effective stress monitoring unit, and a soil total stress monitoring unit disposed within the cylinder 1. The pore water pressure monitoring unit, the soil effective stress monitoring unit, and the soil total stress monitoring unit are arranged sequentially. The pore water pressure monitoring unit monitors the pore water pressure within the soil, which is particularly crucial for waterproofing monitoring of precast diaphragm wall joints. The soil effective stress monitoring unit reflects the degree of soil consolidation and changes in pore water pressure, which is significant for assessing the soil consolidation state and predicting the long-term stability of the diaphragm wall. The soil total stress monitoring unit monitors the total soil stress, helping to assess the stability of the diaphragm wall and its surrounding soil, and preventing potential landslides or structural instability. This invention's monitoring device can simultaneously monitor all three, solving the problem that existing monitoring technologies often struggle to accurately monitor the total stress, effective stress, and pore water pressure of the soil simultaneously.

[0047] The cylinder 1 is hollow inside and open at one end 101. The hollow cross-sectional shape of the cylinder 1 can be rectangular, polygonal or irregular. In order to facilitate stress calculation and production, the hollow cross-sectional shape of the cylinder 1 is preferably circular, and the internal hollow cross-section of the cylinder is consistent in the axial direction, which is a cylindrical structure.

[0048] The pore water pressure monitoring unit includes a first cavity 21 disposed at one end of the cylinder 1 away from the outlet 101 and a water pressure monitoring device connected to the first cavity 21. A permeable structure 2 connected to the first cavity 21 is provided on the end plate or side plate of the cylinder 1. The permeable structure 2 is used to allow pore water in the soil to flow into the first cavity 21, but to block the soil. After the pore water in the soil fills the first cavity 21, the pore water in the soil and the water pressure in the first cavity 21 are consistent. At this time, the water pressure monitoring device feeds back the pore water pressure of the soil by monitoring the water pressure in the first cavity 21.

[0049] The effective stress monitoring unit for soil includes a first force transmission plate 3, a second force transmission plate 8, a fixing frame 7, and a first hydraulic monitoring mechanism. The first force transmission plate 3 and the second force transmission plate 8 are both slidably and sealed within the cylinder 1, and the first force transmission plate 3, the second force transmission plate 8, and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 enclose a second cavity. The first force transmission plate 3 and the second force transmission plate 8 are interconnected via a force transmission rod 4, meaning the first force transmission plate 3 and the second force transmission plate 8 form a synchronously moving rigid body. The first force transmission plate 3 serves as one of the walls of the first cavity 21. At this time, pressure changes in the first cavity 21 will exert pressure on the first force transmission plate 3, causing it to move. The fixing frame 7 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the cylinder 1 between the first force transmission plate 3 and the second force transmission plate 8, meaning the fixing frame 7 is fixed within the second cavity and... The inner wall of the cylinder 1 is fixedly connected. The first hydraulic monitoring mechanism includes a first fixed end 6 set on the fixed frame 7 and a first moving end 5 set on the first force transmission plate 3 or the second force transmission plate 8. The first fixed end 6 and the first moving end 5 form a first hydraulic cylinder structure. The hydraulic cylinder structure includes a hydraulic chamber 22 and a piston 18. The hydraulic chamber 22 is filled with a liquid medium. When the first moving end 5 and the first fixed end 6 are relatively close or relatively far apart, the piston 18 will compress or expand the volume of the hydraulic chamber 22, thereby causing the pressure of the liquid medium to change. The first hydraulic monitoring mechanism also includes a first hydraulic magnitude monitoring mechanism for monitoring the hydraulic magnitude of the first hydraulic cylinder structure, specifically monitoring the pressure of the liquid medium in the hydraulic chamber 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0050] The soil total stress monitoring unit includes a soil total stress transmission plate 17 and a second hydraulic monitoring mechanism. The soil total stress transmission plate 17 is slidably sealed to the opening 101 side of the cylinder 1, blocking the opening 101. At this time, the soil will exert pressure on the soil total stress transmission plate 17. The applied pressure includes the soil pressure plus the interstitial water pressure within the soil. The second hydraulic monitoring mechanism includes a second fixed end 9 disposed on the second transmission plate 8 and a second movable end 10 fixedly disposed on the soil total stress transmission plate 17. The second fixed end 9 and the second movable end 10 form a second hydraulic cylinder structure. Similarly, the hydraulic cylinder structure includes a hydraulic chamber 22 and a piston 18. The hydraulic chamber 22 is filled with a liquid medium. When the second movable end 10 and the second fixed end 9 move closer or further apart, the piston 18 will compress or expand the volume of the hydraulic chamber 22, thereby causing a change in the pressure of the liquid medium. The second hydraulic monitoring mechanism also includes a second hydraulic magnitude monitoring mechanism for monitoring the hydraulic magnitude of the second hydraulic cylinder structure. Specifically, it monitors the pressure of the liquid medium in the hydraulic chamber 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0051] The precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device provided by the present invention can perform the following method for monitoring the comprehensive stress of precast diaphragm wall soil, including the following steps:

[0052] S1, the permeable structure 2 and the soil total stress transmission plate 17 of the precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring method are arranged on the soil-facing surface of the precast diaphragm wall 19.

[0053] S2, conduct comprehensive stress monitoring of the precast diaphragm wall soil, including:

[0054] After water in the soil enters the first cavity 21 through the permeable structure 2, the water pressure monitoring device measures the pore water pressure in the first cavity 21. At the same time, the first cavity 21 applies a first directional moving pressure equal to the pore water pressure to the first force transmission plate 3.

[0055] The soil applies pressure to the soil total stress transmission plate 17, driving the soil total stress transmission plate 17 to move. At this time, the pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder structure connected to the soil total stress transmission plate 17 changes. The pressure change of the second hydraulic cylinder structure is monitored by the second hydraulic magnitude monitoring mechanism, and the soil total stress is calculated by the soil total stress calculation model.

[0056] When the soil applies pressure to the soil total stress transmission plate 17, the soil total stress transmission plate 17 applies a second directional moving pressure to the second transmission plate 8 through the second hydraulic cylinder structure. This second directional moving pressure includes the pressure applied by the soil on the soil and the pressure applied by the interstitial water on the soil. The relative movement of the first transmission plate 3 and the second transmission plate 8 causes the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder structure to change, and the effective stress of the soil is calculated through the soil effective stress calculation model.

[0057] At this time, the first force transmission plate 3 and the second force transmission plate 8 are a rigid body. The first directional moving pressure acting on the first force transmission plate 3 is equal to the pore water pressure. The second directional moving pressure acting on the second force transmission plate 8 includes the pressure exerted by the soil on the soil and the pressure exerted by the pore water on the soil. Since the first directional moving pressure and the second directional moving pressure are in opposite directions, the final change in the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder structure can be equivalent to the pressure exerted by the pore water on the soil and the pore water pressure canceling each other out, thus obtaining the pressure exerted by the soil on the soil. This pressure is the effective pressure, that is, the monitoring pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0058] In one embodiment, the soil total stress calculation model is as follows:

[0059] ;

[0060] in, This represents the total stress in the soil. The hydraulic pressure changes of the second hydraulic cylinder structure are monitored by the second hydraulic pressure magnitude monitoring mechanism; A 3 represents the surface area of ​​the soil stress transfer plate; A 5 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber in the second hydraulic cylinder structure;

[0061] The effective stress calculation model for soil is as follows:

[0062] ;

[0063] in, This represents the effective stress of the soil. The hydraulic pressure changes of the first hydraulic cylinder structure are monitored by the first hydraulic pressure magnitude monitoring mechanism; A 1 represents the surface area of ​​the first force transmission plate; A 4 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0064] The precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device provided by this invention, based on mechanical structure and hydraulic principles, simultaneously detects pore water pressure, effective soil stress, and total soil stress in the precast diaphragm wall soil. Compared with traditional monitoring devices, it has a simpler structure, is easier and faster to install, has a longer service life, and is not limited by the external power supply of traditional monitoring devices. It is also unaffected by humidity and electromagnetic interference, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the monitoring data. This is of great significance for improving monitoring efficiency and accuracy.

[0065] In one embodiment, the permeable structure 2 is disposed on the end plate of the cylinder 1 on the side away from the outlet 101;

[0066] The permeable structure 2 is used to isolate the soil from the first cavity 21 and allow water from the soil to permeate into the first cavity 21. The permeable structure 2 can be a mesh panel or a permeable fabric, etc.

[0067] In one embodiment, the water pressure monitoring device includes a water pressure gauge 11 disposed outside the cylinder 1 and a first pipe 12 connecting the water pressure gauge 11 and the first cavity 21. In this embodiment, water in the first cavity 21 flows into the water pressure gauge 11 through the first pipe 12, thus providing a direct feedback of the pore water pressure.

[0068] Preferably, the water pressure gauge 11 is installed on the back soil surface of the precast diaphragm wall 19, and the first pipe 12 passes through the precast diaphragm wall 19 and connects the water pressure gauge 11 located on both sides of the precast diaphragm wall 19 and the first cavity 21, so that the staff can read the pore water pressure.

[0069] In one embodiment, the first fixed end 6 is a cylinder or piston 18, the first moving end 5 is a piston 18 or cylinder, the cylinder and piston 18 form a first hydraulic cylinder structure, a cavity is provided on the cylinder, the piston 18 is slidably disposed in the cavity, and the piston 18 and the cavity surround to form a hydraulic cavity 22, and a liquid medium is provided in the hydraulic cavity 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0070] The first hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism includes a soil effective stress hydraulic gauge 13 installed outside the cylinder 1 and a second pipe 14 connecting the soil effective stress hydraulic gauge 13 and the hydraulic chamber 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure. In this embodiment, the liquid medium in the hydraulic chamber 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure flows into the soil effective stress hydraulic gauge 13 through the second pipe 14, thereby providing direct feedback on the effective pressure.

[0071] Preferably, the effective soil stress hydraulic gauge 13 is installed on the back surface of the precast diaphragm wall 19, and the second pipe 14 passes through the precast diaphragm wall 19, connecting the effective soil stress hydraulic gauge 13 located on both sides of the precast diaphragm wall 19 and the hydraulic chamber 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure, so that the operator can read the effective pressure.

[0072] In one embodiment, the second fixed end 9 is a cylinder or piston 18, and the second moving end 10 is a piston 18 or cylinder. The cylinder and piston 18 form a second hydraulic cylinder structure. A cavity is provided on the cylinder. The piston 18 is slidably disposed in the cavity, and the piston 18 and the cavity enclose a hydraulic cavity 22. A liquid medium is provided in the hydraulic cavity 22 of the second hydraulic cylinder structure.

[0073] The second hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism includes a soil total stress hydraulic gauge 15 installed outside the cylinder 1 and a third pipe 16 connecting the soil total stress hydraulic gauge 15 and the hydraulic chamber 22 of the second hydraulic cylinder structure. In this embodiment, the liquid medium in the hydraulic chamber 22 of the second hydraulic cylinder structure flows into the soil total stress hydraulic gauge 15 through the third pipe 16, thereby providing direct feedback on the overall pressure.

[0074] Preferably, the total soil stress hydraulic gauge 15 is installed on the back surface of the precast diaphragm wall 19, and the third pipe 16 passes through the precast diaphragm wall 19 and connects the total soil stress hydraulic gauge 15 and the hydraulic chamber 22 of the second hydraulic cylinder structure located on both sides of the precast diaphragm wall 19, so that the operator can read the total pressure.

[0075] In one embodiment, the fixing frame 7 is a fixing rod with both ends fixed to the two sides of the inner wall of the cylinder 1, and the fixing rod passes through the axis of the cylinder 1;

[0076] The telescopic axis of the first hydraulic monitoring mechanism is coaxial with the cylinder 1;

[0077] At least two force transmission rods 4 are symmetrically arranged around the moving axis of the first moving end 5. This arrangement ensures that the first force transmission plate 3 and the second force transmission plate 8 are subjected to balanced and stable pressure.

[0078] In one embodiment, the cross-sectional areas of the first force transmission plate 3, the second force transmission plate 8, and the soil total stress transmission plate 17 are the same. This facilitates the calculation of the effective stress of the soil.

[0079] Specifically, when the soil acts on the moving soil total stress transmission plate 17, the stress on the soil total stress transmission plate 17 is the soil total stress. The force transmitted from the soil total stress transfer plate 17 to the second hydraulic cylinder structure is ,in The total stress of the soil. A 3 represents the surface area of ​​the soil total stress transmission plate, and the hydraulic pressure change within the second hydraulic cylinder structure measured by Table 15 is... ;in A 3 represents the area of ​​the total stress transfer plate in the soil. A 5 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber in the second hydraulic cylinder structure;

[0080] Furthermore, according to the formula The scale of the hydraulic gauge 15 for total soil stress can be adjusted to directly display the total soil stress. ;

[0081] Preferably, adjustable The ratio is used to adjust the accuracy of soil total stress monitoring, i.e. An increase in the ratio increases monitoring accuracy, and vice versa;

[0082] The second force transmission plate 8 transmits force through the force transmission rod 4. ,in, Effective stress of soil u The pore water pressure is transmitted to the first force transmission plate 3, and the upper end of the first force transmission plate 3 bears the force. At this time, when At that time, pore water pressure The pressure is offset and transmitted to the first hydraulic cylinder structure. ,Right now The hydraulic pressure within the first hydraulic cylinder structure ,in, A 1 represents the surface area of ​​the first and second force transmission plates. A 4 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder structure;

[0083] Furthermore, according to the formula The scale of the effective soil stress hydraulic gauge 13 can be adjusted to directly display the effective soil stress. ;

[0084] In one embodiment, the ratio of the surface area of ​​the first force transmission plate 3 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber 22 of the first hydraulic cylinder structure is adjustable; increasing the area ratio can increase the monitoring accuracy, and vice versa. The specific adjustable method can be determined during production.

[0085] The ratio of the surface area of ​​the soil total stress transmission plate 17 to the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber 22 of the second hydraulic cylinder structure is adjustable. Increasing the area ratio increases the monitoring accuracy, while decreasing it decreases it. The specific adjustment method can be determined during production.

[0086] The present invention also provides a precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring system, including a precast diaphragm wall 19 and the above-mentioned precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device;

[0087] An embedded groove 20 is provided on the soil-facing surface of the precast diaphragm wall 19. The cylinder 1 of the precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device is set in the embedded groove 20, and the opening 101 of the permeable structure 2 and the cylinder 1 can contact the soil through the embedded groove 20.

[0088] Specifically, the pre-embedded groove 20 can be set at the segment splicing point of the precast diaphragm wall 19 to accurately monitor the joint position of the precast diaphragm wall 19. This allows for continuous and reliable monitoring of weak points in the waterproofing of the precast diaphragm wall joints, and locations prone to water leakage. Timely warnings and measures can be taken to ensure the construction safety and long-term performance of the precast diaphragm wall.

[0089] This precast diaphragm wall soil stress monitoring system uses a simple and easy-to-install precast diaphragm wall soil stress monitoring device to intuitively acquire and calculate pore water pressure, effective soil stress, and total soil stress. Furthermore, it requires low maintenance and has a long service life.

[0090] The above description is merely an embodiment and does not constitute any limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible variations, modifications, or alterations to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention, without departing from the scope of the present invention, should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device, characterized in that, It includes a cylinder, a pore water pressure monitoring unit, an effective soil stress monitoring unit, and a total soil stress monitoring unit installed inside the cylinder; The cylinder is hollow inside and open at one end; The pore water pressure monitoring unit includes a first cavity disposed at the opposite end of the cylinder and a water pressure monitoring device connected to the first cavity. A water-permeable structure communicating with the first cavity is provided on the end plate or side plate of the cylinder. The effective stress monitoring unit for soil includes a first force transmission plate, a second force transmission plate, a fixing frame, and a first hydraulic monitoring mechanism. The first and second force transmission plates are both sealed and slidably disposed inside the cylinder, and are connected to each other by a force transmission rod. The first force transmission plate serves as one of the cavity walls of the first cavity. The fixing frame is fixedly disposed on the inner wall of the cylinder between the first and second force transmission plates. The first hydraulic monitoring mechanism includes a first fixed end disposed on the fixing frame and a first movable end disposed on the first or second force transmission plate. The first fixed end and the first movable end form a first hydraulic cylinder structure. The first hydraulic monitoring mechanism also includes a first hydraulic magnitude monitoring mechanism for monitoring the hydraulic magnitude of the first hydraulic cylinder structure. The soil total stress monitoring unit includes a soil total stress transmission plate and a second hydraulic monitoring mechanism. The soil total stress transmission plate is slidably sealed on the opening side of the cylinder and blocks the opening. The second hydraulic monitoring mechanism includes a second fixed end set on the second transmission plate and a second movable end fixedly set on the soil total stress transmission plate. The second fixed end and the second movable end form a second hydraulic cylinder structure. The second hydraulic monitoring mechanism also includes a second hydraulic magnitude monitoring mechanism for monitoring the hydraulic magnitude of the second hydraulic cylinder structure. The permeable structure is installed on the end plate on the opposite side of the cylinder from the outlet. The permeable structure is used to isolate the soil from the first cavity and allow water in the soil to seep into the first cavity. The cross-sectional areas of the first force transfer plate, the second force transfer plate, and the soil total stress transfer plate are the same. The ratio of the surface area of ​​the first force transmission plate to the cross-sectional area of ​​the cylinder body of the first hydraulic cylinder structure is adjustable; The ratio of the surface area of ​​the soil total stress transmission plate to the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder structure is adjustable.

2. The prefabricated diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The water pressure monitoring device includes a water pressure gauge installed outside the cylinder and a first tube connecting the water pressure gauge and the first cavity.

3. The precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixed end is a cylinder or piston, and the first moving end is a piston or cylinder. The cylinder and piston form a first hydraulic cylinder structure, and a liquid medium is provided in the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder structure. The first hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism includes a soil effective stress hydraulic gauge installed outside the cylinder and a second pipe body connecting the soil effective stress hydraulic gauge and the first hydraulic cylinder structure to the hydraulic cavity.

4. The precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The second fixed end is a cylinder or piston, and the second moving end is a piston or cylinder. The cylinder and piston form a second hydraulic cylinder structure, and a liquid medium is provided in the hydraulic chamber of the second hydraulic cylinder structure. The second hydraulic pressure monitoring mechanism includes a total soil stress hydraulic gauge installed outside the cylinder and a third pipe connecting the hydraulic chamber of the total soil stress hydraulic gauge and the second hydraulic cylinder structure.

5. A method for monitoring the comprehensive stress of soil in a precast diaphragm wall, characterized in that, Using the precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-4 includes the following steps: S1, the permeable structure and the total stress transfer plate of the soil in the precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring method are arranged on the soil-facing surface of the precast diaphragm wall. S2, conduct comprehensive stress monitoring of the precast diaphragm wall soil, including: After water in the soil enters the first cavity through the permeable structure, the water pressure monitoring device measures the pore water pressure in the first cavity. At the same time, the first cavity applies a first directional moving pressure equal to the pore water pressure to the first force transmission plate. The soil applies pressure to the soil total stress transmission plate, driving the soil total stress transmission plate to move. At this time, the pressure of the second hydraulic cylinder structure connected to the soil total stress transmission plate changes. The pressure change of the second hydraulic cylinder structure is monitored by the second hydraulic magnitude monitoring mechanism, and the soil total stress is calculated by the soil total stress calculation model. When the soil applies pressure to the soil total stress transmission plate, the soil total stress transmission plate applies a second directional moving pressure to the second transmission plate through the second hydraulic cylinder structure. The relative movement of the first and second transmission plates causes the hydraulic pressure of the first hydraulic cylinder structure to change, and the effective stress of the soil is calculated through the soil effective stress calculation model.

6. The method for comprehensive stress monitoring of precast diaphragm wall soil as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The model for calculating the total stress of soil is as follows: ； in, This represents the total stress in the soil. The hydraulic pressure changes of the second hydraulic cylinder structure are monitored by the second hydraulic pressure magnitude monitoring mechanism; A 3 represents the surface area of ​​the soil stress transfer plate; A 5 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber in the second hydraulic cylinder structure; The effective stress calculation model for soil is as follows: ； in, This represents the effective stress of the soil. The hydraulic pressure changes of the first hydraulic cylinder structure are monitored by the first hydraulic pressure magnitude monitoring mechanism; A 1 represents the surface area of ​​the first force transmission plate; A 4 represents the cross-sectional area of ​​the hydraulic chamber of the first hydraulic cylinder structure.

7. A comprehensive stress monitoring system for precast diaphragm wall soil, characterized in that, Includes precast diaphragm walls and the precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device as described in any one of claims 1-4; A pre-embedded groove is set on the soil-facing surface of the precast diaphragm wall. The cylinder of the precast diaphragm wall soil comprehensive stress monitoring device is set in the pre-embedded groove, and the opening of the permeable structure and the cylinder can contact the soil through the pre-embedded groove.

Images