A metro current collector contact force test experiment system and test method

Abstract

The application relates to a metro current collector contact force test experiment system and a test method, which comprises a bottom plate, a positioning device for mounting a current collector is arranged on the bottom plate, and a test mechanism is arranged on the bottom plate; the positioning device comprises a positioning frame, a clamping groove is arranged on the positioning frame, and the clamping groove is used for clamping the current collector; a guide rail is fixedly connected to the base, the positioning frame is slidably connected to the guide rail, and a driving assembly is arranged on the guide rail; the test mechanism comprises a test frame arranged on the bottom plate, the length direction of the test frame is arranged along the length direction of the guide rail, an abutting table is arranged on the test frame, the abutting table is used for simulating abutting cooperation between a third rail and a current collecting shoe, a pressure sensor is arranged on the abutting table, and the pressure sensor is used for detecting contact pressure of the current collecting shoe and the abutting table. The application has the effect that contact pressure data under different operation conditions can be tested, and compared with a traditional static test method, the application can better reflect the actual force condition of the current collector in actual operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of subway current collector performance testing technology, and in particular to a subway current collector contact force testing experimental system and testing method. Background Technology

[0002] Subway operation relies on current collectors to obtain electrical energy from the overhead contact line of the third rail. Appropriate and stable contact pressure ensures good contact between the current collector and the contact line, allowing for continuous and smooth current transmission. Abnormal contact pressure, such as insufficient pressure, can easily lead to poor contact, intermittent power outages, affecting normal train operation, and may even cause sudden power failure and train stoppage. Excessive pressure, on the other hand, can accelerate wear on the contact line and current collector, shortening equipment lifespan, and may also affect power supply stability due to localized overheating. Pressure testing monitors and ensures that the contact pressure remains within a reasonable range, maintaining a stable power supply.

[0003] To reflect the average interaction force between the current collector and the contact network under normal operating conditions, the value needs to be kept within a reasonable range to ensure stable current collection and reduce abnormal wear on the contact network and current collector. Different types of current collectors have different suitable average contact pressure ranges. The pressure should also reflect the changes in contact pressure during operation. Excessive pressure fluctuations may indicate unstable contact between the current collector and the contact network, easily leading to arcing, sparking, and other adverse phenomena, affecting power supply and equipment lifespan. Generally, the fluctuation value should be controlled within a specified small range.

[0004] However, traditional testing devices all involve making the current collector contact the contact wire of the third rail to conduct static pressure tests, which cannot simulate the dynamic tests during subway operation, resulting in a large deviation between the test data and the actual requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to test contact pressure data under different operating conditions, and to better reflect the actual stress situation of the current collector in actual operation compared with traditional static testing methods, this application provides a test system and test method for testing contact force of a subway current collector.

[0006] The experimental system and method for testing the contact force of a subway current collector provided in this application adopt the following technical solution:

[0007] A subway current collector contact force testing system includes a base plate, on which a positioning device for mounting the current collector is installed, and a testing mechanism for pressure testing of the current collector's current-collecting shoe is also installed on the base plate. The current collector includes an insulating back plate, a swing arm hinged to one side of the insulating back plate, a current-collecting shoe located at the end of the swing arm away from the insulating back plate, a transmission cylinder hinged to the insulating back plate, the cylinder body of the transmission cylinder hinged to the insulating back plate, and the piston rod of the transmission cylinder inclined downwards and fixedly connected to the swing arm. The positioning device includes a positioning frame, on which a positioning plate is installed, and two clamping plates are fixedly connected near the sides of the positioning plate. The clamping plates and the mounting device... Vertically arranged slots are formed between the mounting plates to engage the insulating backplate. Bolts are threaded onto the mounting plates to fix the insulating backplate to the positioning frame. A guide rail is fixedly connected to the base plate, and the positioning frame is slidably connected to the guide rail. A drive assembly is provided on the guide rail to drive the positioning frame to slide along the guide rail. The testing mechanism includes a testing frame set on the base plate, with its length direction along the length direction of the guide rail. An abutment platform is provided on the testing frame to simulate the contact between the third rail and the current collector shoe. Multiple pressure sensors are provided on the abutment platform to detect the contact pressure between the current collector shoe and the abutment platform.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the user tests the current collector, the insulating back plate of the current collector is first installed in the slot, and the insulating back plate is fixed to the mounting plate with bolts. Then, the piston rod of the transmission cylinder extends and pushes the swing arm to move downward, while the tension spring is stretched, so that the current collector shoe abuts against the bottom of the abutment platform. The tension of the tension spring keeps the current collector shoe abutting against the bottom of the abutment platform. The drive component drives the positioning frame to slide along the direction of the guide rail, and the current collector shoe slides along the length direction of the abutment platform. The pressure sensor on the abutment platform can detect the pressure during the movement of the current collector shoe, thereby detecting the dynamic pressure of the current collector shoe during subway operation, improving the accuracy of pressure detection and reducing the error range.

[0009] Optionally, the test frame consists of multiple test frames. The bottom of the test frame corresponding to the starting position is fixedly connected to a slide plate. A sliding groove is opened on the bottom plate. A sliding block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate. The sliding block is slidably connected in the sliding groove. Bolts are threadedly connected to the slide plate.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, when installing the current collector, the user slides the slide plate away from the positioning frame to facilitate the current collector shoe moving downward to the position of the detection plate. Then, the slide plate is slid towards the positioning frame so that the contact platform slides to the top of the current collector shoe, facilitating the contact and engagement between the current collector shoe and the detection frame.

[0011] Optionally, the testing frame is divided into multiple testing units, including a static testing unit and a dynamic testing unit. The static testing unit is located at the starting position of the testing frame, and a static pressure sensor is provided on the abutment platform of the testing frame at the starting position. The dynamic testing unit is located in the middle of the testing frame. The static testing unit is used to detect the static pressure of the current collector shoe when the subway is stopped, and the dynamic testing unit is used to detect the dynamic pressure of the current collector shoe when the subway is in motion.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, when the user uses the system, the static detection unit is used to detect the static pressure of the current collector shoe during the subway's stop and the dynamic pressure of the current collector shoe during the subway's movement. This allows for comprehensive collection of the current collector shoe's pressure, improving the accuracy of the detection data. The static detection unit is located at the beginning of the contact platform, while the dynamic detection unit is located in the middle of the contact platform. This allows the subway to go through the stages of starting, acceleration, and finally uniform speed, ensuring that the uniform speed stage of the current collector shoe corresponds to the dynamic detection unit, making the detected data closer to reality.

[0013] Optionally, the dynamic detection unit corresponds to multiple detection frames with the same structure; the abutment platform on each detection frame includes multiple side PCB pressure detection boards, and a central PCB pressure detection board is set in the middle position of the side PCB pressure detection boards. The detection frame is equipped with side pressure sensors that feed back the data detected by the side PCB pressure detection boards, and a central pressure sensor that feeds back the data detected by the central PCB pressure detection board.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, when the current collector shoe passes through the bottom of the testing frame, the side PCB pressure detection board detects the pressure on both sides of the testing frame and feeds back the data through the side pressure sensor. The middle PCB pressure detection board feeds back the pressure detected in the middle of the testing frame through the middle pressure sensor. The data from the side pressure sensor and the middle pressure sensor on the testing frame are summed and averaged to obtain the pressure value on each testing frame. Finally, the pressure values ​​on all testing frames are summed and averaged again to make the pressure data value of the testing frame more accurate.

[0015] Optionally, the detection frame of the dynamic detection unit has protruding ribs fixedly connected to both sides, and positioning grooves are opened on both sides of the side PCB pressure detection board. The protruding ribs are inserted into the positioning grooves. A groove is opened in the middle of the side PCB pressure detection board, and a central PCB pressure detection board is set in the groove. A positioning rib is fixedly connected inside the detection frame, and a protrusion is provided on the positioning rib. Limiting grooves are opened at both ends of the central PCB pressure detection board, and the protruding ribs are inserted into the limiting ribs.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, when using the device, it is convenient for the user to snap the two sides of the side PCB pressure detection board onto the protrusions of the detection frame, insert the middle PCB pressure detection board into the groove of the side PCB pressure detection board with its bottom flush with the bottom of the side PCB pressure detection board, and snap the two sides of the middle PCB pressure detection board onto the protrusions, thereby achieving partitioned fixation of the middle PCB pressure detection board and the side PCB pressure detection board.

[0017] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a screw is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor, and a positioning frame is threadedly connected to the screw; a guide groove is provided on the guide rail, and a roller is provided on the positioning frame, with the roller rolling in the guide groove.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, when the user uses the device, the drive motor drives the screw to rotate, the positioning frame slides along the screw, and then drives the current collector shoe to slide along the contact platform. The pressure sensor on the detection frame can detect the pressure value of the relay.

[0019] Optionally, the positioning frame is provided with a fixing plate, the positioning plate is connected to the fixing plate, a guide post is fixedly connected to the fixing plate, the positioning frame has a through hole corresponding to the position of the guide post, the guide post passes through the through hole and is fitted with a buffer spring, and a limit plate is fixedly connected to the end of the guide post; a power motor is fixedly connected to the positioning frame, a cam is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power motor, a notch is opened on the positioning frame corresponding to the position of the cam, and the notch passes through the positioning frame so that the protrusion abuts against the fixing plate.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the user uses the power motor, after it is powered on, it drives the cam to rotate. The cam pushes the fixed plate to slide outwards and back and forth, so that the current collector shoe slides horizontally at the bottom of the detection frame. This is used to simulate the sliding between the current collector shoe and the third rail when the subway turns, thereby enabling the detection of the pressure value borne by the current collector shoe when the subway turns.

[0021] Optionally, the fixed plate has two T-shaped grooves, which are vertically arranged. A support plate is slidably connected to the bottom of the T-shaped groove. A T-shaped slider is fixedly connected to the support plate and slidably connected to the T-shaped groove. The support plate is bolted to the fixed plate. A return spring is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate, and the end of the return spring away from the support plate is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning plate. A T-shaped sliding block is fixedly connected to the positioning plate and slidably connected to the T-shaped groove. A sliding rod is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped sliding block, and a vibration motor is fixedly connected to the top of the two sliding rods.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the user uses the vibration motor, it can drive the positioning plate to vibrate vertically. When the surface of the subway track is worn, becomes uneven, or forms peeling and flaking, these uneven subway tracks will cause the train to vibrate during operation. This is used to simulate the collision vibration generated during the formation of the subway and can test the pressure of the current collector shoe of the subway under different working conditions.

[0023] Optionally, a detection rod is fixedly connected to the support plate. The detection rod is horizontally positioned and extends below the detection frame. An infrared distance sensor and a speed sensor are installed on the detection rod.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the user uses the device, the detection rod slides horizontally along the positioning frame. The infrared distance sensor can detect the distance that the current collector shoe slides relative to the detection frame in real time, and the speed sensor can detect the speed value of the current collector shoe sliding along the detection frame.

[0025] A method for testing the contact force of a subway current collector includes the following steps:

[0026] S1. Current collector positioning: First, install the insulating back plate of the current collector into the slot, and fix the insulating back plate to the mounting plate with bolts. Then, fix the insulating back plate to the mounting plate, extend the piston rod of the transmission cylinder, push the swing arm to move downward, and at the same time stretch the tension spring so that the current collector shoe abuts against the bottom of the abutment platform. The tension of the tension spring keeps the current collector shoe abutting against the bottom of the abutment platform.

[0027] S2. Static pressure data test: After the current collector shoe comes into contact with the contact platform at the starting position, the static pressure sensor on the contact platform collects the pressure data between the contact platform and the current collector shoe.

[0028] S3. Dynamic Pressure Data Test: a1. Driving the Current Collector Shoe Movement: The drive motor drives the screw to rotate, the positioning frame slides along the screw, and thus drives the current collector shoe to slide along the contact platform; a2. Pressure Value Acquisition: After the current collector shoe passes through the bottom of the test frame, the side PCB pressure detection board detects the pressure on both sides of the test frame and feeds back the data through the side pressure sensor. The middle PCB pressure detection board feeds back the pressure detected in the middle of the test frame through the middle pressure sensor. The data from the side pressure sensor and the middle pressure sensor on the test frame are summed and averaged to obtain the pressure value on each test frame. Finally, the pressure values ​​on the test frames of the dynamic data acquisition unit are summed and averaged again.

[0029] S3. Simulated subway turning pressure test: After powering the motor, the cam is driven to rotate. The cam pushes the fixed plate to slide outwards and back and forth, so that the current collector shoe slides horizontally at the bottom of the test frame. Repeat the steps of S2 and S3 above to simulate and measure the dynamic and static pressure between the current collector shoe and the third rail when the subway turns.

[0030] S4. Pressure test during subway vibration: The vibration motor is working, which can drive the positioning plate to vibrate vertically to simulate the collision vibration generated during the formation of the subway. Then repeat the steps of S2 and S3 above to simulate and measure the dynamic and static pressure between the current collector shoe and the third rail during subway vibration. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the current receiver according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the current receiver installed on the positioning device in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning device in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of this application, used to highlight the power motor and the cam;

[0036] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional view of the positioning device in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0037] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the base plate and testing mechanism in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0038] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the detection frame of the dynamic detection unit in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0039] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the contact platform of the dynamic detection unit in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0040] Figure 10 yes Figure 9 Enlarged view of part A.

[0041] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Current collector; 11. Insulating back plate; 12. Swing arm; 13. Current collector shoe; 14. Transmission cylinder; 15. Tension spring; 2. Base plate; 21. Guide rail; 211. Guide groove; 22. Drive motor; 23. Screw; 3. Positioning device; 31. Positioning frame; 311. Roller; 312. Through hole; 313. Notch; 32. Positioning plate; 321. T-shaped sliding block; 322. Sliding rod; 323. Vibration motor; 33. Card plate; 34. Card slot; 35. Fixing plate; 351. Guide column; 352. Buffer spring; 353. Limiting plate; 354. Power motor; 355. Cam; 356. T-shaped slide groove; 36. Support plate; 3 61. T-shaped slider; 362. Return spring; 37. Detection rod; 371. Infrared distance sensor; 372. Speed ​​sensor; 4. Testing mechanism; 41. Test frame; 411. Detection frame; 412. Slide plate; 413. Sliding groove; 414. Sliding block; 42. Abutment platform; 43. Static detection unit; 431. Static pressure sensor; 44. Dynamic detection unit; 441. Side PCB pressure detection board; 442. Middle PCB pressure detection board; 443. Side pressure sensor; 444. Middle pressure sensor; 445. Raised ridge; 446. Positioning groove; 447. Groove; 448. Positioning ridge; 4481. Protrusion; 449. Limiting groove. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-10 This application will be described in further detail.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the "above" or "below" of the second feature can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] This application discloses a current collector, referring to... Figure 1 The system includes an insulating backplate 11, a swing arm 12, a current collector shoe 13, a tension spring 15, and a transmission cylinder 14. One end of the swing arm 12 is hinged to one side of the insulating backplate 11, allowing for flexible rotation. The swing arm 12 can be made of high-strength aluminum alloy, which is lightweight and strong. The current collector shoe 13 is located at the end of the swing arm 12 furthest from the insulating backplate 11. The current collector shoe 13 is typically made of copper alloy with good conductivity to ensure good conductivity. The two ends of the tension spring 15 are fixed to the insulating backplate 11 and the swing arm 12, respectively. The cylinder body of the transmission cylinder 14 is hinged to the insulating backplate 11, and the piston rod is inclined downward and fixedly connected to the swing arm 12. When the piston rod of the transmission cylinder 14 extends, it can push the swing arm 12 downward. The transmission cylinder 14 can also be replaced by an electric actuator, which offers higher control precision.

[0047] Example 2:

[0048] This application discloses, in embodiment 2, a test system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector, referring to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The device includes a base plate 2, a positioning device 3, and a testing mechanism 4. The positioning device 3 is installed on the base plate 2 for mounting the current collector 1. The testing mechanism 4 is installed on the base plate 2 to perform pressure tests on the current collector 1's current collector shoe 13. This setup can comprehensively test the contact force of the current collector 1 and accurately obtain the pressure data of the current collector shoe 13 under different conditions, avoiding the limitations of traditional static testing.

[0049] A guide rail 21 is fixedly connected to the base plate 2. A positioning frame 31 is slidably connected to the guide rail 21. A drive motor 22 is mounted on the guide rail 21, and a screw 23 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor 22. The positioning frame 31 is threadedly connected to the screw 23. A guide groove 211 is provided on the guide rail 21, and a roller 311 is provided on the positioning frame 31. The roller 311 rolls within the guide groove 211. The drive motor 22 drives the screw 23 to rotate, and the positioning frame 31 slides along the screw 23, thereby causing the current collector shoe 13 to slide along the contact platform 42. The pressure sensor on the detection frame 411 can detect the pressure value of the relay. The guide rail 21 can be a linear guide rail, which has the characteristics of high precision and low friction.

[0050] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Specifically, the positioning device 3 includes a positioning frame 31, a positioning plate 32, a clamping plate 33, and bolts. The positioning frame 31 can be welded from steel, possessing high strength and stability. The positioning plate 32 is fixed to the positioning frame 31, and two clamping plates 33 are fixedly connected to the positioning plate 32 near both sides. Vertically arranged grooves 34 are formed between the clamping plates 33 and the mounting plate for engaging the insulating back plate 11. Bolts are threaded onto the clamping plates 33, and tightening the bolts secures the insulating back plate 11 to the positioning frame 31. In addition, rubber pads can be provided on the inner wall of the grooves 34 for cushioning and anti-slip purposes.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 A fixing plate 35 is provided on the positioning frame 31, and a positioning plate 32 is connected to the fixing plate 35. A snap-fit ​​groove is provided on the top of the fixing plate 35, and the snap-fit ​​groove snaps into the top of the positioning frame 31. A guide post 351 is fixedly connected to the fixing plate 35. A through hole 312 is opened on the positioning frame 31 at the position corresponding to the guide post 351. The guide post 351 passes through the through hole 312 and is fitted with a buffer spring 352. A limit plate 353 is fixedly connected to the end of the guide post 351. A power motor 354 is fixedly connected to the positioning frame 31. A cam 355 is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the power motor 354. A notch 313 is opened on the positioning frame 31 at the position corresponding to the cam 355. The notch 313 passes through the positioning frame 31 and is set so that the protrusion 445 abuts against the fixing plate 35. After the power motor 354 is powered on, it drives the cam 355 to rotate. The cam 355 pushes the fixed plate 35 to slide outwards and back and forth, so that the current collector shoe 13 slides horizontally at the bottom of the detection frame 411. This is used to simulate the sliding between the current collector shoe 13 and the third rail when the subway turns, so as to detect the pressure value borne by the current collector shoe 13 when the subway turns.

[0052] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 6The fixed plate 35 has two T-shaped grooves 356, which are vertically arranged. A support plate 36 is slidably connected to the bottom of the T-shaped groove 356. A T-shaped slider 361 is fixedly connected to the support plate 36 and is slidably connected to the T-shaped groove 356. The support plate 36 is bolted to the fixed plate 35. A return spring 362 is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 36. The end of the return spring 362 away from the support plate 36 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning plate 32. A T-shaped sliding block 321 is fixedly connected to the positioning plate 32 and is slidably connected to the T-shaped groove 356. A sliding rod 322 is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped sliding block 321. A vibration motor 323 is fixedly connected to the top of the two sliding rods 322. A bolt is threaded to the top of the fixed plate 35. The end of the bolt abuts against the positioning plate 32 and is used to vertically limit the positioning plate 32. When the vibration motor 323 is working, it can drive the positioning plate 32 to vibrate vertically. When the surface of the subway track is worn, becomes uneven, or forms peeling and flaking, these uneven subway tracks will cause the train to vibrate during operation. This is used to simulate the collision vibration generated during the formation of the subway and can test the pressure of the current collector shoe 13 under different working conditions of the subway.

[0053] A detection rod 37 is fixedly connected to the support plate 36. The detection rod 37 is horizontally positioned and extends below the detection frame 411. An infrared distance sensor 371 and a speed sensor 372 are installed on the detection rod 37. The detection rod 37 slides horizontally along the positioning frame 31. The infrared distance sensor 371 can detect the sliding distance of the current collector shoe 13 relative to the detection frame 411 in real time, and the speed sensor 372 can detect the speed value of the current collector shoe 13 sliding along the detection frame 411.

[0054] Reference Figure 7 and Figure 8 Specifically, the testing mechanism 4 includes a testing frame 41, a contact platform 42, and pressure sensors. The testing frame 41 is mounted on the base plate 2, and its length is aligned with the length of the guide rail 21. The contact platform 42 simulates the contact between the third rail and the current collector shoe 13. Multiple pressure sensors are mounted on the contact platform 42 to detect the contact pressure between the current collector shoe 13 and the contact platform 42. Strain gauge pressure sensors can be used, offering advantages such as high accuracy and good stability. The testing frame 41 can also be modularly designed for easy installation and maintenance.

[0055] The test frame 41 is composed of multiple interconnected test frames 411. A sliding plate 412 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the test frame 411 corresponding to the starting position. A sliding groove 413 is provided on the base plate 2. A sliding block 414 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sliding plate 412, and the sliding block 414 is slidably connected within the sliding groove 413. Bolts are threaded onto the sliding plate 412. When installing the current collector 1, the sliding plate 412 can be slid away from the positioning frame 31, providing sufficient space for the current collector shoe 13 to move downwards to the position of the test plate, facilitating operation. Then, the sliding plate 412 is slid towards the positioning frame 31, causing the contact platform 42 to slide to the top of the current collector shoe 13, achieving contact engagement between the current collector shoe 13 and the test frame 411. This design increases the flexibility and convenience of the test system, facilitating the installation and debugging of the current collector 1.

[0056] The testing frame 411 is divided into a static testing unit 43 and a dynamic testing unit 44. The static testing unit 43 is located at the starting position of the testing frame 41, and a static pressure sensor 431 is installed on the contact platform 42 of the testing frame 411 at the starting position. The dynamic testing unit 44 is located in the middle of the testing frame 41. The static testing unit 43 is used to detect the static pressure of the current collector shoe 13 when the subway is stationary, and the dynamic testing unit 44 is used to detect the dynamic pressure of the current collector shoe 13 when the subway is in motion. This arrangement allows for comprehensive and accurate pressure data collection from the current collector shoe 13. The location of the static testing unit 43 at the starting position of the contact platform 42 and the dynamic testing unit 44 in the middle conforms to the actual operation process of the subway from start-up to constant speed, making the detected data closer to reality and improving the accuracy of the assessment of the contact pressure of the current collector 1.

[0057] Reference Figure 9 and Figure 10 The dynamic detection unit 44 corresponds to multiple identical detection frames 411, as shown in the figure, which are three detection frames 411. The abutment platform 42 on each of the three detection frames 411 includes multiple side PCB pressure detection plates 441 and a central PCB pressure detection plate 442. Side pressure sensors 443 and central pressure sensors 444 are installed on the detection frames 411. The two sides of the detection frames 411 of the dynamic detection unit 44 are fixedly connected with protruding ribs 445. The two sides of the side PCB pressure detection plates 441 are provided with positioning grooves 446, and the protruding ribs 445 are inserted into the positioning grooves 446. The middle position of the side PCB pressure detection plates 441 is provided with a groove 447, and the central PCB pressure detection plate 442 is inserted into the groove 447. The detection frame 411 is fixedly connected with a positioning rib 448, and the positioning rib 448 is provided with a protrusion 4481. The two ends of the central PCB pressure detection plate 442 are provided with limiting grooves 449, and the protruding ribs 445 are inserted into the limiting ribs.

[0058] After the current collector shoe 13 passes through the bottom of the test frame 411, the side PCB pressure detection board 441 detects the pressure on both sides of the test frame 411 and feeds back the data via the side pressure sensor 443. The middle PCB pressure detection board 442 detects the pressure in the middle of the test frame 411 and feeds back the data via the middle pressure sensor 444. The data from the side pressure sensor 443 and the middle pressure sensor on the test frame 411 are summed and averaged to obtain the pressure value for each test frame 411. Finally, the pressure values ​​on all test frames 411 are summed and averaged again. Through multiple measurements and data processing, the pressure data values ​​of the test frame 411 are made more accurate, further improving the accuracy of the testing system.

[0059] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: When testing the current collector 1, the insulating back plate 11 of the current collector 1 is first installed in the slot 34 and fixed with bolts. The piston rod of the transmission cylinder 14 extends to make the current collector shoe 13 abut against the bottom of the abutment platform 42. The drive motor 22 drives the positioning frame 31 to slide along the guide rail 21, and the current collector shoe 13 slides along the length direction of the abutment platform 42. The pressure sensor detects the pressure of the current collector shoe 13 during its movement, thereby realizing the dynamic pressure detection of the current collector shoe 13 during subway operation. Compared with traditional static testing, it can more accurately reflect the stress situation of the current collector 1 in actual operation, improve the accuracy of pressure detection, and reduce the deviation between test data and actual operating requirements.

[0060] Example 3:

[0061] The contact force testing method for the subway current collector 1 provided in Embodiment 3 of this application is applied to the current collector 1 in Embodiment 1 and the contact force testing system for the subway current collector 1 in Embodiment 2, and includes the following steps:

[0062] S1. Positioning of Current Collector 1: First, install the insulating back plate 11 of current collector 1 into the slot 34. Fix the insulating back plate 11 to the mounting plate with bolts. Then, fix the insulating back plate 11 to the mounting plate. The piston rod of the transmission cylinder 14 extends, pushing the swing arm 12 downward. At the same time, the tension spring 15 is stretched, so that the current collector shoe 13 abuts against the bottom of the contact platform 42. The tension of the tension spring 15 ensures that the current collector shoe 13 always abuts against the bottom of the contact platform 42. The main tool used in this step is a wrench for tightening the bolts. Attention should be paid to the firmness of the installation and the contact state between the current collector shoe 13 and the contact platform 42.

[0063] S2. Static Pressure Data Test: When the current collector shoe 13 abuts against the contact platform 42 at the starting position, the static pressure sensor 431 on the contact platform 42 collects the pressure data between the contact platform 42 and the current collector shoe 13. At this time, the pressure sensor starts working, converting the collected pressure signal into an electrical signal and transmitting it to the data acquisition system.

[0064] S3. Dynamic Pressure Data Test: a1. Driving the Current Collector Shoe 13: The drive motor 22 drives the screw 23 to rotate, and the positioning frame 31 slides along the screw 23, thereby driving the current collector shoe 13 to slide along the contact platform 42; a2. Pressure Value Acquisition: After the current collector shoe 13 passes through the bottom of the detection frame 411, the side PCB pressure detection board 441 detects the pressure on both sides of the detection frame 411 and feeds back the data through the side pressure sensor 443. The middle PCB pressure detection board 442 feeds back the pressure detected in the middle of the detection frame 411 through the middle pressure sensor 444. The data from the side pressure sensor 443 and the middle pressure sensor on the detection frame 411 are summed and averaged to obtain the pressure value on each detection frame 411. Finally, the pressure values ​​on the detection frames 411 of the dynamic data acquisition unit are summed and averaged again. During this process, the speed of the drive motor 22 needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation to simulate different subway operating speeds.

[0065] S3. Simulated subway turning pressure test: After powering the motor 354, the cam 355 is driven to rotate. The cam 355 pushes the fixed plate 35 to slide outwards and back and forth, so that the current collector shoe 13 slides horizontally at the bottom of the test frame 411. Repeat steps S2 and S3 above to simulate and measure the dynamic and static pressure between the current collector shoe 13 and the third rail when the subway turns. The power of the motor 354 should be selected according to the test requirements to ensure that it can generate sufficient thrust.

[0066] S4. Pressure test during simulated subway vibration: The vibration motor 323 operates, driving the positioning plate 32 to vibrate vertically, simulating the collision vibration generated during subway formation. Steps S2 and S3 are repeated to simulate and measure the dynamic and static pressure between the current collector shoe 13 and the third rail during subway vibration. The vibration frequency and amplitude of the vibration motor 323 can be adjusted by the controller to simulate different degrees of subway vibration.

[0067] The implementation principle of this embodiment is as follows: by sequentially performing positioning, static pressure test, dynamic pressure test, simulated subway turning pressure test, and simulated subway vibration pressure test of current collector 1, the contact pressure data of current collector 1 under different operating conditions can be obtained comprehensively and accurately. Compared with the traditional static test method, it can better reflect the actual stress situation of current collector 1 in actual operation, providing a reliable basis for the performance evaluation and optimization of subway current collector 1, and helping to improve the stability and reliability of subway power supply system.

[0068] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A test system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector, characterized in that: Includes a base plate (2), on which a positioning device (3) for installing the current collector (1) is provided, and on which a testing mechanism (4) for performing pressure testing on the current collector shoe (13) of the current collector (1) is provided; The current collector (1) includes an insulating back plate (11), a swing arm (12) is hinged to one side of the insulating back plate (11), a current collector shoe (13) is provided at the end of the swing arm (12) away from the insulating back plate (11), a transmission cylinder (14) is hinged to the insulating back plate (11), the cylinder body of the transmission cylinder (14) is hinged to the insulating back plate (11), and the piston rod of the transmission cylinder (14) is inclined downward and fixedly connected to the swing arm (12). The positioning device (3) includes a positioning frame (31), a positioning plate (32) is provided on the positioning frame (31), two clamping plates (33) are fixedly connected to the positioning plate (32) near both sides, and a vertically arranged clamping groove (34) is formed between the clamping plate (33) and the mounting plate. The clamping groove (34) is used to clamp the insulating back plate (11), and bolts for fixing the insulating back plate (11) and the positioning frame (31) are threaded on the clamping plate (33). A guide rail (21) is fixedly connected to the base plate (2), and a positioning frame (31) is slidably connected to the guide rail (21). A driving component for driving the positioning frame (31) to slide along the guide rail (21) is provided on the guide rail (21). The testing mechanism (4) includes a test frame (41) set on the base plate (2). The length direction of the test frame (41) is set along the length direction of the guide rail (21). The test frame (41) is provided with an abutment platform (42). The abutment platform (42) is used to simulate the abutment and cooperation between the third rail and the current collector shoe (13). The abutment platform (42) is provided with a pressure sensor. Multiple pressure sensors are provided. The pressure sensors are used to detect the contact pressure between the current collector shoe (13) and the abutment platform (42). The test frame (41) is composed of multiple test frames (411), and the test frame (411) is divided into multiple test unit parts, including a static test unit (43) and a dynamic test unit (44); The dynamic detection unit (44) corresponds to multiple detection frames (411) with the same structure; the abutment platform (42) on each detection frame (411) includes multiple side PCB pressure detection boards (441), and a middle PCB pressure detection board (442) is set in the middle position of the side PCB pressure detection board (441). The detection frame (411) is equipped with a side pressure sensor (443) that feeds back the data detected by the side PCB pressure detection board (441), and a middle pressure sensor (444) that feeds back the data detected by the middle PCB pressure detection board (442).

2. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the detection frame (411) corresponding to the starting position is fixedly connected to a slide plate (412), and a sliding groove (413) is provided on the base plate (2). A sliding block (414) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slide plate (412), and the sliding block (414) is slidably connected in the sliding groove (413). A bolt is threaded on the slide plate (412).

3. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The static detection unit (43) is located at the starting position of the test frame (41). A static pressure sensor (431) is installed on the abutment platform (42) of the test frame (411) at the starting position. The dynamic detection unit (44) is located in the middle of the test frame (41). The static detection unit (43) is used to detect the static pressure of the current collector shoe (13) during the subway stop operation. The dynamic detection unit (44) is used to detect the dynamic pressure of the current collector shoe (13) during the subway operation.

4. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 3, characterized in that: The detection frame (411) of the dynamic detection unit (44) has protruding ribs (445) fixedly connected on both sides. The side PCB pressure detection plate (441) has positioning grooves (446) on both sides. The protruding ribs (445) are inserted into the positioning grooves (446). The side PCB pressure detection plate (441) has a groove (447) in the middle position. The middle PCB pressure detection plate (442) is set in the groove (447). The detection frame (411) has a fixedly connected positioning rib (448). The positioning rib (448) has a protrusion (4481). The middle PCB pressure detection plate (442) has limit grooves (449) at both ends. The protruding ribs (445) are inserted into the limit ribs.

5. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a drive motor (22), a screw (23) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the drive motor (22), and a positioning frame (31) is threadedly connected to the screw (23); a guide groove (211) is provided on the guide rail (21), and a roller (311) is provided on the positioning frame (31), and the roller (311) rolls in the guide groove (211).

6. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning frame (31) is provided with a fixing plate (35), the positioning plate (32) is connected to the fixing plate (35), the fixing plate (35) is fixedly connected with a guide post (351), the positioning frame (31) is provided with a through hole (312) corresponding to the position of the guide post (351), the guide post (351) passes through the through hole (312) and is fitted with a buffer spring (352), and the end of the guide post (351) is fixedly connected with a limit plate (353); the positioning frame (31) is fixedly connected with a power motor (354), the output shaft of the power motor (354) is fixedly connected with a cam (355), the positioning frame (31) is provided with a notch (313) corresponding to the position of the cam (355), the notch (313) passes through the positioning frame (31) and is set so that the protrusion (445) abuts against the fixing plate (35).

7. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 6, characterized in that: Two T-shaped grooves (356) are provided on the fixed plate (35). The T-shaped grooves (356) are vertically arranged. A support plate (36) is slidably connected to the bottom of the T-shaped grooves (356). A T-shaped slider (361) is fixedly connected to the support plate (36). The T-shaped slider (361) is slidably connected to the T-shaped grooves (356). The support plate (36) is bolted to the fixed plate (35). A return spring (362) is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate (36). The end of the return spring (362) away from the support plate (36) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the positioning plate (32). A T-shaped sliding block (321) is fixedly connected to the positioning plate (32) and slidably connected to the T-shaped grooves (356). A sliding rod (322) is fixedly connected to the top of the T-shaped sliding block (321). A vibration motor (323) is fixedly connected to the top of the two sliding rods (322).

8. The experimental system for testing the contact force of a subway current collector according to claim 7, characterized in that: A detection rod (37) is fixedly connected to the support plate (36). The detection rod (37) is horizontally set and extends to the bottom of the detection frame (411). An infrared distance sensor (371) and a speed sensor (372) are set on the detection rod (37).

9. A method for testing the contact force of a subway current collector, applied to the subway current collector contact force testing experimental system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Positioning of current collector (1): First, install the insulating back plate (11) of current collector (1) into the slot (34), fix the insulating back plate (11) to the mounting plate with bolts, and then fix the insulating back plate (11) to the mounting plate. The piston rod of the transmission cylinder (14) extends out and pushes the swing arm (12) to move downward. At the same time, the tension spring (15) is stretched, so that the current collector shoe (13) abuts against the bottom of the abutment platform (42). The tension of the tension spring (15) makes the current collector shoe (13) always abut against the bottom of the abutment platform (42). S2, Static pressure data test: When the collector shoe (13) comes into contact with the contact platform (42) at the starting position, the static pressure sensor (431) on the contact platform (42) collects the pressure data between the contact platform (42) and the collector shoe (13); S3, Dynamic pressure data test: a1, Drive the current collector shoe (13) to move: Drive motor (22) drives screw (23) to rotate, positioning frame (31) slides along screw (23), thereby driving current collector shoe (13) to slide along abutment platform (42); a2, Pressure value acquisition: When current collector shoe (13) passes through the bottom of detection frame (411), side PCB pressure detection board (441) detects the pressure on both sides of detection frame (411) and feeds back the data through side pressure sensor (443), middle PCB pressure detection board (442) feeds back the pressure detected in the middle of detection frame (411) through middle pressure sensor (444), sums up the data of side pressure sensor (443) and middle pressure sensor on detection frame (411) and takes the average value, which is the pressure value on each detection frame (411), and finally sums up the pressure values ​​on detection frame (411) of dynamic data acquisition unit and takes the average value again; S3, Simulated subway turning pressure test: After powering the motor (354), drive the cam (355) to rotate. The cam (355) pushes the fixed plate (35) to slide outwards and back and forth, so that the current collector shoe (13) slides horizontally at the bottom of the test frame (411). Repeat the steps of S2 and S3 above to simulate and measure the dynamic pressure and static pressure between the current collector shoe (13) and the third rail when the subway turns. S4. Pressure test during subway vibration: The vibration motor (323) is working, which can drive the positioning plate (32) to vibrate vertically to simulate the collision vibration generated during the formation of the subway. Then repeat the steps of S2 and S3 above to simulate and measure the dynamic pressure and static pressure between the current collector shoe (13) and the third rail during subway vibration.

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