Multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device and simulation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of coal mine tunnel fire simulation, and provides a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device and method.The simulation device comprises a simulation table, the simulation table comprises a bottom plate and a fence fixed along the periphery of the upper end of the bottom plate, and an assembly channel is formed in the simulation table; symmetrical adjusting channels are further formed in the simulation table and communicated with the assembly channel, a plurality of single coal mine tunnels are arranged on the simulation table in a sliding mode, and universal wheels are fixed to the bottom of each single coal mine tunnel and roll on the bottom plate. According to the invention, closed simulation spaces with different lengths are flexibly constructed on the simulation platform through the single coal mine tunnels which can be combined and spliced, and are fixed by the tightening mechanism; a combustion component which is high in reduction degree, low in cost and easy to clean is used for simulating a coal mine tunnel fire source and combustible materials, and a coal mine tunnel fire scene is truly restored; meanwhile, multiple environment sensors and cameras are integrated to collect internal temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, fire behavior and real-scene images in real time, and detailed data support is provided for fire research and coping schemes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of coal mine tunnel fire simulation, and more specifically, to a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device and a simulation method. Background Art

[0002] Coal mine tunnel fire refers to a fire accident that occurs in underground spaces such as mine tunnels, working faces or goafs. It is characterized by closed spaces, limited escape routes, and easily disturbed ventilation systems, which are extremely harmful. Fires are often caused by electrical short circuits, mechanical friction, blasting operations, spontaneous combustion of flammable materials, or gas and coal dust explosions. The combustion not only produces deadly high-temperature flames and thick smoke, but also quickly consumes limited oxygen and releases large amounts of highly toxic gases such as carbon monoxide, which quickly spreads in the tunnels, causing suffocation and poisoning of personnel. At the same time, the "fire wind pressure" generated by the fire will disrupt the original ventilation system, causing the wind flow to become turbulent or even reversed, further expanding the scope of the smoke flow and hindering rescue. Due to the complex structure, low visibility, and high temperature of the mine, fire fighting and personnel rescue are extremely difficult, seriously threatening the lives of miners and easily causing heavy casualties and property losses; Currently, most coal mine tunnel fire simulations focus on a single scenario, failing to realistically reproduce the multi-segment interaction of complex coal mine tunnel fires. Existing simulation platforms often lack flexibility, scalability, and practicality, and are unable to support multi-target fire research and comprehensive emergency drills. In order to solve the above problems, this application proposes a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device and simulation method. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device and simulation method, which can restore the real situation in the coal mine tunnel through flexible assembly simulation of multiple sections of coal mine tunnels to solve the problems in the existing technology.

[0004] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A multi-section coal mine roadway fire simulation device includes a simulation platform, the simulation platform includes a bottom plate and a fence fixed along the periphery of the upper end of the bottom plate, an assembly channel is formed in the simulation platform, and a symmetrical adjustment channel is formed on the simulation platform to communicate with the assembly channel. A plurality of single coal mine roadways are slidably arranged on the simulation platform, and a universal wheel is fixed at the bottom of each single coal mine roadway to roll on the bottom plate. The plurality of single coal mine roadways include a burning coal mine roadway, an inner coal mine roadway, an outer coal mine roadway, and a plurality of movable coal mine roadways. The burning coal mine roadway is fixed in the middle of the assembly channel and is located on both sides. The inner coal mine roadway and the outer coal mine roadway are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the burning coal mine roadway and slide with the assembly channel. The movable coal mine roadway slides between the assembly channel and the adjustment channel. When the movable coal mine roadway slides into the assembly channel, it can be assembled with the burning coal mine roadway, the inner coal mine roadway and the outer coal mine roadway to form a complete coal mine roadway. The overall length of the fire simulation coal mine roadway can be changed by the number of movable coal mine roadways on the coal mine roadway; a combustion component is provided in the burning coal mine roadway, and each of the single coal mine roadways is provided with a simulation component and a sensing component.

[0005] Preferably, a blind plate is fixed to one end of the inner coal mine tunnel away from the burning coal mine tunnel, and a sealing plate is fixed to one end of the outer coal mine tunnel away from the burning coal mine tunnel, and the sealing plate is provided with a door body, an air inlet interface and an exhaust interface.

[0006] Preferably, the combustion component includes a combustion box placed in the middle of the combustion coal mine tunnel, a connecting port is opened on one side of the combustion box, a mesh plate located in the middle of the connecting port is fixed on the inside of the combustion box, and a combustible material is placed on the mesh plate.

[0007] Preferably, a number of combustible materials are placed at the inner bottom of each single coal mine tunnel.

[0008] Preferably, two groups of simulation components are provided in each single coal mine tunnel, respectively for input and output, and the simulation components include a pipe rack fixed to the single coal mine tunnel and close to the side wall, a number of vertically distributed simulation pipes are placed on one side of the pipe rack through a support seat, and an air duct is fixed on the other side of the pipe rack through a pipe clamp, and air holes are radially opened on the air duct.

[0009] Preferably, the simulated pipes include electrical pipes, water pipes, fire pipes, and compressed air pipes, and the length of the simulated pipes is less than the length of a single coal mine tunnel.

[0010] Preferably, the air duct is the same length as the single coal mine tunnel, and connecting rings are fixed at both ends of the air duct. A protruding sealing ring is provided on the outside of the connecting ring, and the air ducts in two adjacent single coal mine tunnels are sealed and connected through the sealing ring.

[0011] Preferably, the sensing component includes a connecting pipe that allows the inside and outside of a single coal mine tunnel to communicate with each other. The connecting pipe is located inside the single coal mine tunnel and an integrated box is fixed thereon. Several environmental sensors are installed on the integrated box, and a camera is also installed outside the integrated box.

[0012] Preferably, a tightening mechanism connected to the inner coal mine tunnel and the outer coal mine tunnel is provided on the bottom plate, and the tightening mechanism includes a bidirectional screw rotating in the bottom plate, and internal threaded sliders are respectively connected to the two ends of the bidirectional screw, and the two internal threaded sliders are respectively fixed to the bottom of the inner coal mine tunnel and the outer coal mine tunnel, and a motor for driving the bidirectional screw is installed on the outside of the simulation platform.

[0013] The present invention also provides a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation method, according to the above simulation device, comprising the following steps: S1. The inner coal mine roadway and the outer coal mine roadway are separated at both ends of the burning coal mine roadway by tightening the mechanism, thereby freeing up space for the active coal mine roadway; S2. Place the combustible material on the mesh plate, place the simulated tube on the tube rack, place the combustible material in a single coal mine tunnel, and connect the air inlet interface to an external fan; S3. According to the fire simulation coal mine roadway required for simulation, a required number of movable coal mine roadways are moved from the adjustment channel to the assembly channel using universal wheels; S4. The motor drives the internal thread slider and the internal thread slider spiral, and the two internal thread sliders drive the inner coal mine roadway and the outer coal mine roadway to tighten. At this time, the active coal mine roadway on the assembly channel is pressed between the burning coal mine roadway, the inner coal mine roadway, and the outer coal mine roadway to form a fire simulation coal mine roadway. All environmental sensors and cameras in the fire simulation coal mine roadway are connected to the external data acquisition and display terminal through the connecting pipe; S5. Turn on the external fan of the air inlet interface, ignite the burning material, and then leave the door and close it. The temperature, humidity, and smoke concentration in the single coal mine tunnel at different locations are collected through environmental sensors. The camera observes the internal conditions of the single coal mine tunnel in real time until the burning material is completely burned. S6. Open the inner and outer coal mine tunnels to both ends through the tightening mechanism to allow the smoke to diffuse quickly. Observe the conditions of the simulated tubes and combustible materials on site and record them.

[0014] Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention can change the overall length of the coal mine roadway through the combination of multiple different types of single coal mine roadways, thereby obtaining different simulation effects. At the same time, the single coal mine roadway is set on the simulation platform, and a tightening mechanism is provided on the simulation platform. The simulation platform can facilitate the rapid assembly of multiple single coal mine roadways, and the tightening mechanism can tighten the combined single coal mine roadways to form a closed simulation space. The present invention simulates the fire source by using a combustion component. The combustion material on the combustion component has the advantages of high restoration degree and low cost. The combustion box can facilitate the cleaning of the combustion material after combustion, restore the combustible materials that may exist in the coal mine tunnel, and restore the real situation in the coal mine tunnel to the greatest extent possible, thereby achieving a better simulation effect. The multi-environmental sensors installed in the sensing components of the present invention can collect the temperature, humidity, and smoke concentration in a single coal mine tunnel in real time, obtain and retain real simulation data, and the cameras installed can capture the real scene, fire intensity, visibility, etc. inside the single coal mine tunnel in real time, providing powerful data for subsequent fire accident response plans. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure from a bird's-eye view; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable coal mine tunnel assembly in the present invention; Figure 4 It is a structural diagram of the simulation platform and the tightening mechanism; Figure 5 This is an enlarged structural diagram of a burning coal mine tunnel; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the combustion component; Figure 7 It is a partially cutaway and enlarged structural diagram of the sensing component; Figure 8 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the enlarged part A; In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows: In the picture: 1. Simulation platform; 11. Bottom plate; 12. Enclosure; 13. Assembly channel; 14. Adjustment channel; 2. Single coal mine roadway; 201. Universal wheel; 21. Combustion coal mine roadway; 22. Inner coal mine roadway; 221. Blind plate; 23. Outer coal mine roadway; 231. Closing plate; 232. Door; 233. Air intake port; 234. Exhaust port; 24. Movable coal mine roadway; 3. Tightening mechanism; 31. Bidirectional screw; 32. Internal thread slider; 33. Motor; 4. Combustion components; 41. Combustion box; 42. Connecting port; 43. Screen; 44. Combustion material; 5. Simulation components; 51. Pipe rack; 511. Support base; 512. Pipe clamp; 52. Simulation pipe; 53. Air duct; 5301. Air hole; 531. Connecting ring; 532. Sealing ring; 6. Sensing component; 61. Connecting pipe; 62. Integrated box; 63. Environmental sensor; 64. Camera; 7. Combustible materials. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0018] like Figure 1 - Figure 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device, including a simulation platform 1, the simulation platform 1 includes a bottom plate 11 and a fence 12 fixed along the outer periphery of the upper end of the bottom plate 11, an assembly channel 13 is formed in the simulation platform 1, and a symmetrical adjustment channel 14 is formed on the simulation platform 1 to communicate with the assembly channel 13, a plurality of single coal mine tunnels 2 are slidingly arranged on the simulation platform 1, and a universal wheel 201 is fixed at the bottom of each single coal mine tunnel 2 to roll on the bottom plate 11, and the single coal mine tunnel 2 slides against the inner side of the fence 12 during movement, and the plurality of single coal mine tunnels 2 include a burning coal mine tunnel 21, an inner coal mine tunnel 22, an outer coal mine tunnel 23, and a plurality of movable coal mine tunnels 24, the burning coal mine tunnel 21 is located in the middle of the simulated coal mine tunnel, and the inner coal mine tunnel 22 and the outer coal mine tunnel 23 are respectively located at both ends of the simulated coal mine tunnel. The number of movable coal mine lanes 24 is adjustably spliced ​​in the middle of the simulated coal mine lane. The burning coal mine lane 21 is fixed in the middle of the assembly channel 13 and is located between the two adjustment channels 14. The inner coal mine lane 22 and the outer coal mine lane 23 are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the burning coal mine lane 21 and slide with the assembly channel 13. The movable coal mine lane 24 slides between the assembly channel 13 and the adjustment channel 14. When the movable coal mine lane 24 slides into the assembly channel 13, it can be assembled with the burning coal mine lane 21, the inner coal mine lane 22, and the outer coal mine lane 23 to form a complete coal mine lane. The overall length of the fire simulation coal mine lane is changed by the number of movable coal mine lanes 24 on the coal mine lane. By simulating the change in the length of the coal mine lane, the simulation work is made more flexible and changeable, the simulation data is made richer, and more response experience is obtained.

[0019] Specifically, a combustion component 4 is provided in the burning coal mine tunnel 21, and a simulation component 5 and a sensing component 6 are provided in each single coal mine tunnel 2. The simulation component 5 and the sensing component 6 in each single coal mine tunnel 2 collect the internal environment data of different positions in the simulated coal mine tunnel in real time, providing reliable data for the real fire response plan.

[0020] Specifically, a blind plate 221 is fixed to one end of the inner coal mine tunnel 22 away from the burning coal mine tunnel 21, and a sealing plate 231 is fixed to one end of the outer coal mine tunnel 23 away from the burning coal mine tunnel 21. The blind plate 221 simulates the bottom of the coal mine tunnel, and the sealing plate 231 is isolated from the external natural air and can simulate the actual depth of the coal mine tunnel. The sealing plate 231 is provided with a door body 232, an air inlet interface 233, and an exhaust interface 234.

[0021] Specifically, the combustion component 4 includes a combustion box 41 placed in the middle of the combustion coal mine tunnel 21, a connecting port 42 is opened on one side of the combustion box 41, and a mesh plate 43 located in the middle of the connecting port 42 is fixed on the inside of the combustion box 41, and a combustion material 44 is placed on the mesh plate 43. In this embodiment, the connecting port 42 and the mesh plate 43 cooperate to facilitate the combustion of the combustion material 44. At the same time, under the action of the mesh plate 43, the ash after combustion can be collected to ensure the full combustion of the combustion material 44. The connecting port 42 can also facilitate the cleaning of the ash.

[0022] Specifically, a number of combustible materials 7 are placed at the inner bottom of each single coal mine tunnel 2. The combustible materials 7 can be other combustible materials existing in the coal mine tunnel, such as plastic parts, wooden boards, etc. The combustible materials 7 may reach the ignition point and catch fire during a fire, further restoring the real situation in the coal mine tunnel.

[0023] Specifically, two groups of air ducts 53 are provided in each single coal mine tunnel 2. One group forms an air intake duct in the simulated coal mine tunnel after being connected, and the other group forms an exhaust duct after being connected. One end of the air intake duct is connected to the fan through the air intake interface 233, and the other end extends to the inner coal mine tunnel 22 without contacting the blind plate 221. One end of the exhaust duct is connected to the exhaust interface 234, and the other end extends to the inner coal mine tunnel 22 without contacting the blind plate 221. The air intake and exhaust ducts are used for air input and output, respectively, to ensure that the air circulation conditions in the simulated coal mine tunnel are close to those in the actual coal mine tunnel.

[0024] Specifically, the simulation component 5 includes a pipe rack 51 fixed to a single coal mine tunnel 2 and close to the side wall. A number of vertically distributed simulation tubes 52 are placed on one side of the pipe rack 51 through a support seat 511. An air duct 53 is fixed on the other side of the pipe rack 51 through a pipe clamp 512. Air holes 5301 are radially opened on the air duct 53. In this embodiment, the air duct 53 is made of metal and does not need to be replaced after the simulation experiment. The simulation tube 52 is a consumable part and needs to be replaced when it is damaged in the simulation experiment. In addition, the cross-sections of both ends of all the simulation tubes 52 are sealed. The simulation tube 52 includes electric pipes, water pipes, fire pipes, and compressed air pipes. Each pipe contains relevant functional substances, such as cables in the electric pipes and water in the water pipes. The length of the simulation tube 52 is less than the length of the single coal mine tunnel 2 to form an independent structure.

[0025] Furthermore, by setting the simulation tube 52 as an independent structure in each single coal mine tunnel 2, its length is shortened to facilitate transportation and arrangement, and it can also facilitate the adjustment of the number of multiple single coal mine tunnels 2. The real pipeline in the coal mine tunnel is restored through the simulation tube 52, and the pipeline condition can be observed very directly after the simulation experiment, making the simulation data more convincing.

[0026] Furthermore, the air duct 53 is the same length as the single coal mine tunnel 2, and connecting rings 531 are fixed at both ends of the air duct 53. A protruding sealing ring 532 is provided on the outside of the connecting ring 531. The air ducts 53 in two adjacent single coal mine tunnels 2 are sealed and connected through the sealing ring 532. In this embodiment, after the two adjacent single coal mine tunnels 2 are connected, the internal air ducts 53 are connected to each other through the connecting ring 531 and the sealing ring 532, and the actual air circulation in the coal mine tunnel is restored through an external fan.

[0027] Specifically, the sensing component 6 includes a connecting pipe 61 that connects the inside and outside of the single coal mine tunnel 2. The connecting pipe 61 is located on the inner side of the single coal mine tunnel 2 and is fixed with an integrated box 62. The other end of 61 is connected to a sealing plate. The sealing plate is provided with a socket for electrical conduction and data transmission. A number of environmental sensors 63 are installed on the integrated box 62. The non-sensing end of the sensor is located in the integrated box 62, and the sensing end passes through the integrated box 62 and is placed in the air inside the single coal mine tunnel 2. The environmental sensors 63 include temperature sensors, humidity sensors, smoke sensors and other sensors that can obtain the internal environmental quality of the single coal mine tunnel 2. A camera 64 is also installed on the outside of the integrated box 62. The camera 64 is an infrared camera. The camera 64 can transmit the scene to the outside in real time during the fire simulation process for easy observation and recording.

[0028] Specifically, a tightening mechanism 3 connected to the inner coal mine tunnel 22 and the outer coal mine tunnel 23 is provided on the base plate 11. The tightening mechanism 3 includes a bidirectional screw 31 rotating in the base plate 11. The two ends of the bidirectional screw 31 are respectively connected to internal threaded sliders 32. The two internal threaded sliders 32 are respectively fixed to the bottom of the inner coal mine tunnel 22 and the outer coal mine tunnel 23. A motor 33 for driving the bidirectional screw 31 is installed on the outside of the simulation platform 1. The motor 33 adopts a reduction motor. When in use, the motor 33 outputs power, which is decelerated through the gearbox and then transmitted to the bidirectional screw 31. The two internal threaded sliders 32 approach or move away from the spiral of the bidirectional screw 31 at the same time, thereby driving the inner coal mine tunnel 22 and the outer coal mine tunnel 23 on the internal threaded sliders 32 to move synchronously. The tightening mechanism 3 in this embodiment can tighten the assembled fire simulation coal mine tunnel.

[0029] The present invention also provides a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation method, according to the above simulation device, comprising the following steps: S1, using the tightening mechanism 3 to move the inner coal mine roadway 22 and the outer coal mine roadway 23 away from the two ends of the burning coal mine roadway 21, thereby freeing up space for the movable coal mine roadway 24; S2. Place the combustible material 44 on the mesh plate 43, place the simulated tube 52 on the tube rack 51, place the combustible material 7 in the single coal mine tunnel 2, and connect the air inlet interface 233 to an external fan; S3. According to the fire simulation coal mine roadway required for simulation, move the required number of movable coal mine roadways 24 from the adjustment channel 14 to the assembly channel 13 via the universal wheels 201; S4, the motor 33 drives the internal thread slider 32 and the internal thread slider 32 to spiral, and the two internal thread sliders 32 drive the inner coal mine roadway 22 and the outer coal mine roadway 23 to tighten. At this time, the movable coal mine roadway 24 on the assembly channel 13 is pressed between the burning coal mine roadway 21, the inner coal mine roadway 22, and the outer coal mine roadway 23 to form a fire simulation coal mine roadway, and all environmental sensors 63 and cameras 64 in the fire simulation coal mine roadway are connected to the external data acquisition and display terminal through the connecting pipe 61; S5. The external fan of the air inlet interface 233 is turned on to ignite the combustion material 44. The personnel leave through the door body 232 and close it. The temperature, humidity, and smoke concentration in the single coal mine tunnel 2 at different locations are collected through the environmental sensor 63. The camera 64 observes the internal conditions of the single coal mine tunnel 2 in real time until the combustion material 44 is completely burned. S6. Open the inner coal mine tunnel 22 and the outer coal mine tunnel 23 to both ends through the tightening mechanism 3 to allow the smoke to diffuse quickly. Observe and record the conditions of the simulated tube 52 and the combustible material 7 on site.

[0030] It can be understood that the present invention flexibly constructs closed simulation spaces of different lengths on the simulation platform through single coal mine tunnels that can be combined and spliced, and is fixed by a tightening mechanism; uses highly restored, low-cost and easy-to-clean combustion components to simulate coal mine tunnel fire sources and combustibles, and truly restores coal mine tunnel fire scenes; at the same time, it integrates multiple environmental sensors and cameras to collect internal temperature, humidity, smoke concentration, fire intensity and real-life images in real time, providing detailed data support for fire research and response plans.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, “plurality” means two or more; it should be understood that terms such as “opening”, “upper”, “lower”, “thickness”, “top”, “middle”, “length”, “inner”, “around”, etc., indicating orientation or positional relationship, are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0032] Finally, it should be noted that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device, comprising a simulation platform (1), the simulation platform comprising a bottom plate (11) and a fence (12) fixed along the periphery of the upper end of the bottom plate, and a matching channel (13) formed in the simulation platform, characterized in that: The simulation platform is also provided with a symmetrical adjustment channel (14) connected to the assembly channel. A plurality of single coal mine lanes (2) are slidably arranged on the simulation platform. A universal wheel (201) is fixed at the bottom of each single coal mine lane to roll on the bottom plate. The plurality of single coal mine lanes include a burning coal mine lane (21), an inner coal mine lane (22), an outer coal mine lane (23), and a plurality of movable coal mine lanes (24). The burning coal mine lane is fixed in the middle of the assembly channel and is located between the two adjustment channels. The inner coal mine lane and the outer coal mine lane are symmetrically arranged at the front and rear ends of the burning coal mine lane and slide with the assembly channel. The movable coal mine lane slides between the assembly channel and the adjustment channel. When the movable coal mine lane slides into the assembly channel, it can be assembled with the burning coal mine lane, the inner coal mine lane and the outer coal mine lane to form a complete coal mine lane. The overall length of the fire simulation coal mine lane is changed by the number of movable coal mine lanes on the coal mine lane. A combustion component (4) is provided in the combustion coal mine tunnel, and a simulation component (5) and a sensing component (6) are provided in each single coal mine tunnel.

2. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A blind plate (221) is fixed to one end of the inner coal mine laneway away from the burning coal mine laneway, and a sealing plate (231) is fixed to one end of the outer coal mine laneway away from the burning coal mine laneway. The sealing plate is provided with a door body (232), an air inlet interface (233), and an exhaust interface (234).

3. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The combustion component comprises a combustion box (41) placed in the middle of a combustion coal mine tunnel, a communication port (42) being opened on one side of the combustion box, a mesh plate (43) being fixed inside the combustion box and located in the middle of the communication port, and a combustion material (44) being placed on the mesh plate.

4. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of combustible materials (7) are placed at the inner bottom of each single coal mine tunnel.

5. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of simulation components are provided in each single coal mine lane, respectively for input and output. The simulation components include a pipe rack (51) fixed to the single coal mine lane and close to the side wall, a plurality of vertically distributed simulation pipes (52) are placed on one side of the pipe rack via a support seat (511), and an air duct (53) is fixed on the other side of the pipe rack via a pipe clamp (512), and air holes (5301) are opened radially on the air duct.

6. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The simulated pipes include electric pipes, water pipes, fire-fighting pipes, and compressed air pipes, and the length of the simulated pipes is less than the length of a single coal mine tunnel.

7. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air duct is the same length as the single coal mine tunnel, and connecting rings (531) are fixed at both ends of the air duct. A protruding sealing ring (532) is provided on the outside of the connecting ring. The air ducts in two adjacent single coal mine tunnels are sealed and connected via the sealing ring.

8. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensing component includes a connecting pipe (61) for interconnecting the inside and outside of a single coal mine tunnel. The connecting pipe is located inside the single coal mine tunnel and is fixed with an integrated box (62). A plurality of environmental sensors (63) are installed on the integrated box. A camera (64) is also installed outside the integrated box.

9. The multi-section coal mine tunnel fire simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom plate is provided with a tightening mechanism (3) connected to the inner coal mine lane and the outer coal mine lane. The tightening mechanism includes a bidirectional screw (31) rotating in the bottom plate. Both ends of the bidirectional screw are connected to internal thread sliders (32). The two internal thread sliders are fixed to the bottom of the inner coal mine lane and the outer coal mine lane respectively. A motor (33) for driving the bidirectional screw is installed on the outside of the simulation platform.

10. A method for simulating a multi-section coal mine tunnel fire, comprising the simulation device according to claim 1-9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The inner coal mine roadway and the outer coal mine roadway are separated at both ends of the burning coal mine roadway by tightening the mechanism, thereby freeing up space for the active coal mine roadway; S2. Place the combustible material on the mesh plate, place the simulated tube on the tube rack, place the combustible material in a single coal mine tunnel, and connect the air inlet interface to an external fan; S3. According to the fire simulation coal mine roadway required for simulation, a required number of movable coal mine roadways are moved from the adjustment channel to the assembly channel using universal wheels; S4. The motor drives the internal thread slider and the internal thread slider spiral, and the two internal thread sliders drive the inner coal mine roadway and the outer coal mine roadway to tighten. At this time, the active coal mine roadway on the assembly channel is pressed between the burning coal mine roadway, the inner coal mine roadway, and the outer coal mine roadway to form a fire simulation coal mine roadway. All environmental sensors and cameras in the fire simulation coal mine roadway are connected to the external data acquisition and display terminal through the connecting pipe; S5. Turn on the external fan of the air inlet interface, ignite the burning material, and then leave the door and close it. The temperature, humidity, and smoke concentration in the single coal mine tunnel at different locations are collected through environmental sensors. The camera observes the internal conditions of the single coal mine tunnel in real time until the burning material is completely burned. S6. Open the inner and outer coal mine tunnels to both ends through the tightening mechanism to allow the smoke to diffuse quickly. Observe the conditions of the simulated tubes and combustible materials on site and record them.

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