Photodynamic treatment system and method based on suspended core optical fiber

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a photodynamic therapy system and method based on a suspended core optical fiber, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and the system comprises a control module which is connected with a light source module and is used for controlling the light source module to generate irradiation laser in a first working state; the transmission module is connected with the light source module; one end of the suspension core fiber is connected with the transmission module, and the other end is placed in a to-be-treated area; the monitoring module is used for sending backscattered light to the control module; the control module is used for controlling the light source module to be switched from the first working state to the second working state according to the change value of the backscattered light before and after the photosensitizer is applied, and irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state irradiates the photosensitizer in the to-be-treated area and reacts in the to-be-treated area to achieve treatment. According to the embodiment of the invention, the working state of the light source module is switched through the backscattered light change value, no extra detection equipment needs to be configured, and the treatment cost based on a photodynamic method can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to a photodynamic therapy system and method based on suspended core optical fiber. Background Art

[0002] Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a novel treatment method that uses photosensitizing drugs and laser activation to treat tumors, precancerous lesions, proliferative skin diseases, and vascular diseases. Irradiating the lesion with a specific wavelength activates the photosensitizing drug that selectively accumulates in the affected tissue, triggering a photochemical reaction that destroys the lesion. However, current PDT treatment equipment is expensive, leading to high costs for PDT.

[0003] Application Contents

[0004] In view of this, one of the objectives of the present application is to provide a photodynamic therapy system and method based on a suspended core optical fiber, which can reduce the treatment cost based on the photodynamic method.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution of this application is implemented as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photodynamic therapy system based on a suspended core fiber, the system comprising:

[0007] Light source module;

[0008] A control module connected to the light source module, configured to control the light source module to generate irradiation laser light in a first working state;

[0009] A transmission module, connected to the light source module, for transmitting the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state;

[0010] A suspension fiber, one end of which is connected to the transmission module and is used to transmit the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state to the area to be treated, and the other end of the suspension fiber is placed in the area to be treated, and a drug delivery port is opened on the suspension fiber;

[0011] a monitoring module, connected to the transmission module and the control module respectively, and configured to send backscattered light to the control module, where the backscattered light is scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state;

[0012] The control module is also used to determine the second working state and control the light source module to switch from the first working state to the second working state based on the backscattered light change value. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer that flows through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, and reacts in the area to be treated to achieve treatment, wherein the backscattered light change value is the change value of the backscattered light before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the transmission module is a ring connector, which includes:

[0014] The first connection port is connected to the light source module via a solid core optical fiber;

[0015] The second connection port is connected to the suspended core optical fiber via the solid core optical fiber;

[0016] The third connection port is connected to the monitoring module via a solid core optical fiber.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the system further includes:

[0018] A socket part, one end of which is socketed with the solid core optical fiber, and the other end of which is socketed with the suspended core optical fiber.

[0019] In a possible embodiment, a connection port is formed on one end of the sleeve close to the suspended core optical fiber, and the connection port coincides with the drug delivery port;

[0020] The system also includes:

[0021] A hollow tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting port, and the other end of which is used for injecting photosensitizer.

[0022] In a possible implementation, the control module is specifically configured to:

[0023] Determining light intensity change information in the optical fiber mode field of the suspended core optical fiber according to the backscattered light change value;

[0024] Determining the physical property change information of the photosensitizer based on the light intensity change information, where the physical property change information includes refractive index change information and concentration change information;

[0025] According to the physical property change information, a second working state is determined from a plurality of pre-configured working states.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the suspended core optical fiber includes:

[0027] The fiber core is used to transmit the irradiation laser generated by the light source module. The diameter of the fiber core is greater than or equal to 15 microns and less than or equal to 30 microns.

[0028] In a possible implementation, the suspended core optical fiber further includes:

[0029] A plurality of cavities are arranged around the fiber core, and at least one cavity among the plurality of cavities is used for transmitting a photosensitizer.

[0030] In a possible implementation, the suspended core optical fiber further includes:

[0031] A plurality of gold cylinders are arranged at preset intervals in a cavity for transmitting a photosensitizer, and are used to generate surface plasmons under the irradiation of the irradiation laser generated by the light source module. The surface plasmons are used to determine the light intensity in the fiber mode field of the suspended core optical fiber.

[0032] In a possible embodiment, a plurality of through holes are opened on the surface of the cavity of at least one cavity for transmitting the photosensitizer, and the photosensitizer flows through the plurality of through holes to the area to be treated through the drug delivery port.

[0033] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a photodynamic therapy system based on a suspended core fiber, and a method, which is applied to the photodynamic therapy system based on a suspended core fiber provided in the first aspect, comprising:

[0034] The control module controls the light source module to generate irradiation laser in a first working state;

[0035] The control module receives the backscattered light collected by the monitoring module, where the backscattered light is scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state;

[0036] The control module determines the second working state according to the backscattered light change value, where the backscattered light change value is the backscattered light change value before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port;

[0037] The control module controls the light source module to switch from the first working state to the second working state. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer flowing through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, causing a reaction in the area to be treated to achieve treatment.

[0038] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements the photodynamic therapy method based on suspended core fiber provided in the second aspect.

[0039] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon. When the computer program is executed by one or more processors, the photodynamic therapy method based on suspended core fiber provided in the second aspect is implemented.

[0040] The embodiment of the present application provides a photodynamic therapy system based on a suspended core fiber, comprising a control module connected to a light source module for controlling the light source module to generate an irradiation laser in a first working state; a transmission module connected to the light source module; a suspended core fiber, one end of which is connected to the transmission module and the other end of which is placed in an area to be treated; a monitoring module connected to the transmission module and the control module, respectively, for sending backscattered light to the control module; the control module is used to control the light source module to switch from the first working state to the second working state according to the change in backscattered light before and after the application of a photosensitizer, and the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state reacts in the area to be treated by irradiating the photosensitizer flowing to the area to be treated, thereby achieving treatment. The embodiment of the present application switches the working state of the light source module by the change in backscattered light value, without the need for additional detection equipment, and can reduce the cost of treatment based on the photodynamic method. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. It should be understood that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0042] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the functional modules of a suspended core optical fiber-based photodynamic therapy system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the system structure of a suspended core optical fiber-based photodynamic therapy system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the energy level transition of a photosensitizer;

[0045] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view of a suspended core fiber included in a suspended core fiber-based photodynamic therapy system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 Flowchart of a photodynamic therapy method based on suspended core fiber provided in the embodiment of the present application

[0047] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0048] Description of reference numerals:

[0049] 100. Photodynamic therapy system based on suspended core fiber;

[0050] 110. Light source module;

[0051] 120. Control module;

[0052] 130. Transmission module;

[0053] 140. Suspended core optical fiber;

[0054] 150. Monitoring module;

[0055] 210, solid core optical fiber;

[0056] 220, socket;

[0057] 230, hollow tube;

[0058] 410, cavity;

[0059] 420, Golden Cylinder;

[0060] 601, processor;

[0061] 602. Memory;

[0062] 603, communication interface;

[0063] 610. Bus. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0065] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0066] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0067] In various embodiments of the present application, the expression "or" or "at least one of A or / and B" includes any or all combinations of the words listed simultaneously. For example, the expression "A or B" or "at least one of A or / and B" may include A, may include B, or may include both A and B.

[0068] In the description of this application, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. appear, the orientation or position relationship indicated is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or is the orientation or position relationship in which the invented product is usually placed when in use. It is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation on this application.

[0069] In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc., if used, are merely used to distinguish and describe, and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0070] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other.

[0071] Furthermore, in the embodiments of the present application, the term "connection" may refer to "electrical connection" or "direct connection." "Electrical connection" may refer to a direct electrical connection between two components or an electrical connection between two components via one or more normally open tubes or other components.

[0072] To facilitate a better understanding of the solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies are first introduced below.

[0073] PDT is a new method that uses photosensitizing drugs and laser activation to treat tumors, precancerous lesions, proliferative skin diseases, and vascular diseases. Irradiating the lesion site with a specific wavelength can activate the photosensitizing drugs that selectively accumulate in the lesion tissue, triggering a photochemical reaction that destroys the lesion. The photosensitizing drugs in the new generation of PDT transfer energy to the surrounding oxygen, generating highly active singlet oxygen. Singlet oxygen can undergo oxidative reactions with nearby biomacromolecules, generating cytotoxicity and killing diseased cells. Compared with traditional therapies, PDT has the advantage of being able to perform precise and effective treatments with minimal side effects.

[0074] Photosensitizers are porphyrin molecules with a tetrapyrrole structure that absorb and re-emit specific wavelengths of light. Second-generation photosensitizers include 5-aminolevulinic acid, hemoporfin, and verteporfin.

[0075] The irradiation light (i.e., the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the following embodiments) often uses visible red light. Most photosensitizers can strongly absorb light of 630 nanometers or longer than 630 nanometers. Commonly used light source emitters include semiconductor lasers, helium-neon lasers, light-emitting diode light sources, etc. Lasers are the most convenient and portable light sources with cohesiveness and monochromaticity, that is, they produce high-energy single-wavelength light waves. The output power can be precisely controlled and can be directly introduced into hollow organs and deep into tumors through fiber optic cables. Diode lasers are cheaper and more portable than metal vapor lasers or tonal lasers, so they are often used. The treatment time is related to the photosensitizer's ability to absorb light and the effectiveness of light in transferring energy to oxygen.

[0076] A photosensitizer is a reaction produced by irradiation with light in the presence of a photosensitizer. The photophysical and photochemical properties of different photosensitizers vary greatly, but the pathways for producing the photosensitizer effect are similar. After absorbing activating light of the appropriate wavelength, the photosensitizer transitions from a ground state to an excited state, which then reacts with oxygen to produce highly reactive singlet molecules. The latter reacts with molecular oxygen to produce excited-state reactive singlet oxygen, which then reacts with neighboring molecules (such as amino acids, fatty acids, or nucleic acids) to produce toxic photochemical products. Direct cytotoxicity and local microvascular damage lead to cancer cell apoptosis and necrosis.

[0077] Fresnel reflection describes the relationship between reflection, refraction and viewpoint angle when light hits the surface of an object. For example, when light passes from one medium (such as air) to another medium (such as water), it encounters a medium interface. When the light is incident vertically, the Fresnel reflection phenomenon is relatively small, and most of the light can pass through the interface and enter the next medium. However, when the light is incident at a certain angle, part of the light will be reflected back to the original medium, and part of the light will penetrate into the next medium.

[0078] Considering the high cost of current photodynamic therapy equipment, the high cost of photodynamic therapy is a problem. To address this technical issue, the present invention provides a suspended-core fiber-based photodynamic therapy system, a suspended-core fiber-based photodynamic therapy method, an electronic device, and a computer-readable storage medium. The following first introduces the suspended-core fiber-based photodynamic therapy system 100 provided in the present invention.

[0079] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a functional module diagram of a suspended core fiber-based photodynamic therapy system provided in an embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. Figure 1 The photodynamic therapy system 100 based on suspended core optical fiber includes:

[0080] Light source module 110;

[0081] The control module 120 is connected to the light source module 110 and is used to control the light source module 110 to generate irradiation laser in a first working state;

[0082] The transmission module 130 is connected to the light source module 110 and is used to transmit the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state;

[0083] A suspension optical fiber 140, one end of which is connected to the transmission module 130 and is used to transmit the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state to the area to be treated. The other end of the suspension optical fiber 140 is placed in the area to be treated. A drug delivery port is provided on the suspension optical fiber 140;

[0084] The monitoring module 150 is connected to the transmission module 130 and the control module 120, respectively, and is used to send backscattered light to the control module 120, where the backscattered light is scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state;

[0085] The control module 120 is also used to determine the second working state and control the light source module 110 to switch from the first working state to the second working state based on the backscattered light change value. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the second working state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer that flows through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, and reacts in the area to be treated to achieve treatment, wherein the backscattered light change value is the change value of the backscattered light before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port.

[0086] The embodiment of the present application provides a photodynamic therapy system based on a suspended core fiber, comprising a control module connected to a light source module for controlling the light source module to generate an irradiation laser in a first working state; a transmission module connected to the light source module; a suspended core fiber, one end of which is connected to the transmission module and the other end of which is placed in an area to be treated; a monitoring module connected to the transmission module and the control module, respectively, for sending backscattered light to the control module; the control module is used to control the light source module to switch from the first working state to the second working state according to the change in backscattered light before and after the application of a photosensitizer, and the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state reacts in the area to be treated by irradiating the photosensitizer flowing to the area to be treated, thereby achieving treatment. The embodiment of the present application switches the working state of the light source module by the change in backscattered light value, without the need for additional detection equipment, and can reduce the cost of treatment based on the photodynamic method.

[0087] The following will introduce in detail the various components of the suspended core fiber based photodynamic therapy system 100 .

[0088] The light source module 110 can be used to generate irradiation laser light. For example, the light source module 110 can be a semiconductor laser. For another example, the light source module 110 can be an argon ion laser. For another example, the light source module 110 can be an excimer laser. A corresponding type of laser can be selected as the light source module 110 based on actual needs. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit the type of laser used in the light source module 110.

[0089] The control module 120 can be used to control the operating state of the light source module 110. For example, the control module 120 can control the light source module 110 to turn on or off. For another example, the control module 120 can also control the light source module 110 to be in different operating modes when it is turned on, such as a low-power operating mode or a high-power operating mode.

[0090] In some embodiments, the control module 120 is electrically connected to the light source module 110 , and the control module 120 can control the working state of the light source module 110 by sending an electrical signal to the light source module 110 .

[0091] In some embodiments, a manual control area may be provided on the light source module 110 , and the working state of the light source module 110 may be controlled by operating on the manual control area.

[0092] For example, the manual control area may be provided with corresponding physical buttons, and the light source module 110 may be controlled by operating these physical buttons, such as controlling the power on and off of the light source module 110 or controlling the working power of the light source module 110 .

[0093] For example, the above-mentioned manual control area can also be provided with a corresponding touch-sensitive display screen, and the light source module 110 can be controlled by clicking the virtual buttons displayed on the display screen or inputting preset sliding instructions, such as controlling the power on and off of the light source module 110 or adjusting the working power of the light source module 110.

[0094] In some embodiments, the control module 120 is wirelessly connected to the light source module 110 . When the light source module 110 is powered on, the control module 120 can wirelessly transmit control instructions to the light source module 110 to adjust the operating power of the light source module 110 .

[0095] The transmission module 130 can be used as an optical transmission medium to transmit optical signals, for example, the irradiation laser light generated by the light source module 110 and the backscattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser light.

[0096] The backscattered light refers to the light formed by the 180-degree backscattering of part of the irradiated laser light when it irradiates the medium (such as cells, tissues or photosensitizers in the area to be treated) due to the uneven refractive index inside the medium.

[0097] The transmission module 130 is connected to the light source module 110, the suspension fiber 140, and the monitoring module 150. Specifically, the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 can be transmitted to the suspension fiber 140 via the transmission module 130. The irradiation laser is then transmitted to the treatment area via the suspension fiber 140. The backscattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser is transmitted to the monitoring module 150 via the suspension fiber 140 and the transmission module 130. In some embodiments, the transmission module 130 is a fiber coupler.

[0098] See Figure 2 , Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the system structure of a suspended core optical fiber-based photodynamic therapy system provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the transmission module 130 is a ring connector, which includes:

[0100] The first connection port is connected to the light source module 110 via the solid core optical fiber 210;

[0101] The second connection port is connected to the suspended core optical fiber 140 via the solid core optical fiber 210;

[0102] The third connection port is connected to the monitoring module 150 via a solid core optical fiber 210 .

[0103] exist Figure 2 In the figure, ① represents the first connection port, ② represents the second connection port, and ③ represents the third connection port.

[0104] The solid core optical fiber 210 is composed of a core and a cladding, and the solid core optical fiber 210 has no cavity 410 .

[0105] The embodiment of the present application can construct an optical-mechanical interface with low transmission loss and high transmission reliability by setting a solid core optical fiber 210 between the transmission module 130 and the light source module 110, the transmission module 130 and the suspended core optical fiber 140, and the transmission module 130 and the monitoring module 150, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the transmission of the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 and its corresponding backscattered light.

[0106] The suspension fiber 140 is comprised of a core, a cladding, and a cavity 410. A drug delivery port is provided on the suspension fiber 140, through which a photosensitizer can be injected. The photosensitizer then flows through the drug delivery port to one end of the suspension fiber 140, which is positioned at the area to be treated. It will be appreciated that the photosensitizer enters the suspension fiber 140 through the drug delivery port and flows to the area to be treated.

[0107] The monitoring module 150 can be used to monitor imaging. For example, the monitoring module 150 can determine an image of the area to be treated based on the received scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state, that is, based on the received backscattered light.

[0108] In some embodiments, the monitoring module 150 includes a display screen that can be used to display images of the area to be treated.

[0109] Exemplarily, the monitoring module 150 includes a charge coupled device camera (CCD).

[0110] The area to be treated may refer to a lesion area of ​​the patient. For example, the area to be treated may be a tumor lesion area.

[0111] In some embodiments, the control module 120 may control the light source module 110 to generate irradiation laser in the first working state to determine the area to be treated.

[0112] Specifically, the light source module 110 operates at a low power in the first operating state, and when no photosensitizer is injected through the drug delivery port provided in the cantilevered optical fiber 140, the backscattered light returned by the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the first operating state and irradiated on the candidate area is transmitted to the monitoring module 150. The monitoring module 150 can generate a monitoring image corresponding to the candidate area based on the backscattered light, or the monitoring module 150 can send the backscattered light to the control module 120, which generates a monitoring image corresponding to the candidate area based on the backscattered light, thereby achieving endoscopic imaging.

[0113] On the one hand, the operating power of the light source module 110 in the first operating state is relatively low, which can reduce the energy consumption in the process of obtaining the above-mentioned monitoring image.

[0114] On the other hand, the light source module 110 operates at a low power in the first operating state. If the candidate area irradiated by the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the first operating state is a normal area rather than a lesion area (i.e., the area to be treated), damage to biological tissue in the normal area caused by the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the high-power operating state can be avoided. For example, if the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the high-power operating state irradiates a normal area, ulcers, bleeding, or scars due to high temperature are likely to occur.

[0115] On the other hand, the light source module 110 has a low operating power in the first operating state, which can avoid the nonlinear optical effect caused by the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the high-power operating state, and avoid the phenomenon of blurred or distorted monitoring images corresponding to the candidate areas.

[0116] It should be noted that the nonlinear optical effect may cause the backscattered light to be drowned by thermal noise, thereby causing the monitoring image corresponding to the generated candidate area to be blurred or distorted.

[0117] In some embodiments, the control module 120 may determine whether the candidate region is a target area for treatment based on the monitoring image corresponding to the candidate region. For example, the control module 120 may calculate the similarity between the monitoring image and each lesion image in a preset lesion image set. If the similarity is greater than a preset threshold, the control module 120 may determine the candidate region as a target area for treatment.

[0118] Alternatively, if there is a similarity greater than a preset threshold, the control module 120 may generate a reminder instruction and send a reminder instruction to the monitoring module 150. The reminder instruction may be used to instruct the monitoring module 150 to mark the above-mentioned candidate area on the display screen corresponding to the monitoring module 150 to remind the relevant operator to determine whether the marked candidate area is the area to be treated.

[0119] In some embodiments, the monitoring module 150 may generate a monitoring image corresponding to the candidate area based on backscattered light, and may display the monitoring image on a display screen corresponding to the monitoring module 150, so that relevant operators can directly determine whether the candidate area is the area to be treated.

[0120] In some embodiments, the solid core optical fiber 210 may be made of quartz glass.

[0121] The operating power of the light source module 110 in the second operating state is higher than that in the first operating state. In other words, the energy density of the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the second operating state is higher than that in the first operating state.

[0122] The irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the second working state can be used to irradiate the photosensitizer that flows through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, and reacts in the area to be treated to generate highly active singlet oxygen. The singlet oxygen can undergo an oxidation reaction with biological macromolecules near the area to be treated, generate cytotoxicity, and then kill the diseased cells in the area to be treated, thereby achieving treatment.

[0123] Exemplarily, the control module 120 controls the light source module 110 to switch from the first working state to the second working state. When the photosensitizer is irradiated by the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the second working state, the photosensitizer absorbs the photon energy of the irradiation laser and transitions from the ground state to the excited state and is activated, and transfers the energy to the surrounding oxygen molecules, etc., to generate reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, causing oxidative damage to the area to be treated, such as tumor cells, thereby leading to their apoptosis or necrosis, and at the same time destroying the tumor blood vessels, cutting off the nutrient supply, and achieving treatment.

[0124] Specifically, please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the energy level transition of a photosensitizer.

[0125] As shown in Figure 3 , after the photosensitizer absorbs photon energy, the electron jumps from the ground state S0 to the spin singlet excited state S1, and the electron on the excited state undergoes intersystem crossing to the excited triplet state T1 (Type 1) with a longer lifetime. Then, active oxygen is generated through two main ways, for example:

[0126] (1) The excited state photosensitizer directly undergoes electron transfer with the substrate (biomolecules or water, etc.) to generate oxygen anion O2 - free radicals, and further reaction to generate secondary active oxygen, hydrogen peroxide H2O2, strong oxidant ·OH (hydroxyl radical).

[0127] (2) The photosensitizer transfers energy to the ground state oxygen 3 O2 to generate highly active singlet oxygen 1 O2.

[0128] Finally, active oxygen can destroy target cells in various ways, for example:

[0129] (1) Lipid peroxidation attacks the unsaturated fatty acids of the cell membrane, destroying the membrane structure;

[0130] (2) Protein oxidation inactivates enzymes or destroys the cytoskeleton;

[0131] (3) DNA damage causes base breakage or cross-linking, leading to apoptosis or necrosis;

[0132] (4) Mitochondrial damage disrupts the electron transport chain and induces apoptosis.

[0133] In one possible implementation, the system further includes:

[0134] The sleeve 220 is sleeved with the solid core optical fiber 210 at one end and the suspended core optical fiber 140 at the other end.

[0135] The embodiment of the application can realize optical path coupling and fixing of the solid core optical fiber 210 and the suspended core optical fiber 140 through the sleeve 220, so as to improve the transmission stability of the irradiated laser.

[0136] In some embodiments, the sleeve 220 is a fiber ceramic ferrule, and the fiber channel is pre-installed inside the fiber ceramic ferrule. The core end faces of the solid core optical fiber 210 and the suspended core optical fiber 140 are fused.

[0137] In some embodiments, the outside of the sleeve 220 is wrapped with a heat shrink protective tube to enhance the sealing.

[0138] In some embodiments, the sleeve 220 is a stainless steel threaded sleeve with a built-in positioning ring. The positioning ring can be used to adjust the offset in horizontal, axial and longitudinal directions.

[0139] In some embodiments, the connection of the stainless steel threaded sleeve can be bonded using optical refractive index glue to reduce Fresnel reflection on the end face.

[0140] In a possible embodiment, a connection port is provided on one end of the sleeve 220 close to the suspended core optical fiber 140 , and the connection port coincides with the drug delivery port;

[0141] The system also includes:

[0142] The hollow tube 230 has one end fixedly connected to the connection port, and the other end of the hollow tube 230 is used for injecting photosensitizer.

[0143] In the embodiment of the present application, the hollow tube 230 is provided to facilitate the introduction of photosensitizer or air into the suspension core optical fiber 140 through the hollow tube 230 , thereby improving the convenience of introducing photosensitizer or air into the suspension core optical fiber 140 .

[0144] The connection port on the above-mentioned socket 220 coincides with the drug delivery port on the suspension core optical fiber 140. In other words, the connection port on the socket 220 is coaxially aligned with the drug delivery port on the suspension core optical fiber 140, which facilitates the introduction of photosensitizer or air and prevents the photosensitizer from being retained or leaking at the interface, thereby avoiding dosage errors caused by photosensitizer leakage.

[0145] It should be noted that the introduction of photosensitizer and air through the hollow tube 230 can meet the oxygen supply demand of type II photodynamic therapy.

[0146] One end of the hollow tube 230 is fixedly connected to the connection port, and the other end of the hollow tube 230 can be used to connect to an external injection pump.

[0147] In some embodiments, one end of the hollow tube 230 is welded to the connection port of the socket 220 .

[0148] In some embodiments, one end of the hollow tube 230 is fixed to the connecting port of the sleeve 220 by medical glue.

[0149] In some embodiments, the connection between the hollow tube 230 and the connection port of the sleeve 220 is crimped by a medical silicone sealing ring.

[0150] In a possible implementation, the control module 120 is specifically configured to:

[0151] Determine the light intensity change information in the fiber mode field of the suspended core optical fiber 140 according to the backscattered light change value;

[0152] Determining the physical property change information of the photosensitizer based on the light intensity change information, where the physical property change information includes refractive index change information and concentration change information;

[0153] According to the physical property change information, a second working state is determined from a plurality of pre-configured working states.

[0154] In the embodiment of the present application, the control module 120 is used to determine the light intensity change information in the optical fiber mode length based on the backscattered light change value, and then based on the light intensity change information, the physical property change information of the photosensitizer can be further determined. Finally, the second working state corresponding to the light source module 110 can be determined based on the physical property change information of the photosensitizer. The entire process does not require the additional arrangement of a photosensitizer physical property detection device, such as a photosensitizer concentration detection device, which can reduce the treatment cost based on the photodynamic method.

[0155] As mentioned above, the backscattered light change value is the change value of the backscattered light before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port.

[0156] For example, if before applying the photosensitizer, the backscattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser light generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state is the first backscattered light; after applying the photosensitizer, the backscattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser light generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state is the second backscattered light, then the control module 120 may be configured as follows:

[0157] The absolute value of the difference between the first backscattered light and the second backscattered light is determined as the backscattered light change value.

[0158] Correspondingly, the light intensity change information may be the absolute value of the difference between a first light intensity and a second light intensity, wherein the first light intensity is the light intensity corresponding to the first backscattered light, and the second light intensity is the light intensity corresponding to the second backscattered light.

[0159] The refractive index change information may be an absolute value of a difference between a first refractive index and a second refractive index, wherein the first refractive index is a refractive index corresponding to the first light intensity, and the second refractive index is a refractive index corresponding to the second light intensity.

[0160] The above-mentioned concentration change information may be an absolute value of a difference between a first concentration and a second concentration, where the first concentration is a concentration corresponding to the above-mentioned first light intensity, and the second concentration is a concentration corresponding to the above-mentioned second light intensity.

[0161] In some embodiments, the above-mentioned determination of the physical property change information of the photosensitizer based on the light intensity change information, wherein the physical property change information includes refractive index change information and concentration change information, includes:

[0162] The first refractive index and the second refractive index are determined from the first mapping table according to light intensity change information, the light intensity change information including the first light intensity and the second light intensity;

[0163] An absolute value of a difference between the first refractive index and the second refractive index is determined as refractive index change information;

[0164] The first concentration and the second concentration are determined from the second mapping table according to light intensity change information;

[0165] An absolute value of a difference between the first concentration and the second concentration is determined as concentration change information.

[0166] The first mapping table includes a mapping relationship between light intensity and refractive index.

[0167] The second mapping table includes a mapping relationship between light intensity and concentration.

[0168] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of a suspended-core fiber included in a photodynamic therapy system based on the suspended-core fiber is provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0169] In a possible implementation, the suspended-core fiber 140 includes:

[0170] A core for transmitting illumination laser generated by the light source module 110, the diameter of the core being greater than or equal to 15 microns and less than or equal to 30 microns.

[0171] The core is fixed at a central position of the suspended-core fiber 140, and the diameter of the core can be selected according to actual requirements, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

[0172] In a possible implementation, the suspended-core fiber 140 further includes:

[0173] A plurality of cavities 410 around the core, at least one cavity 410 of the plurality of cavities 410 for transmitting photosensitizer.

[0174] The plurality of cavities 410 around the core provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used not only for transmitting photosensitizer and air, but also for fixing the core.

[0175] In some embodiments, the suspended-core fiber 140 further includes:

[0176] Three cavities 410 symmetrically around the core.

[0177] In some embodiments, the diameter of the suspended-core fiber 140 is 150 microns.

[0178] It should be noted that if only one cavity 410 is used in the suspension fiber 140 to transmit the photosensitizer and air, it is necessary to wait until the photosensitizer is transmitted to one end of the suspension fiber 140 (the end of the suspension fiber 140 placed on the area to be treated) before transmitting the air.

[0179] If it is necessary to transmit photosensitizer and air simultaneously, they can be transmitted simultaneously through the two cavities 410 in the suspension core optical fiber 140, which can prevent the photosensitizer and air transmitted simultaneously from mixing in the suspension core optical fiber 140, and from being oxidized and ineffective prematurely before reaching the area to be treated, thereby failing to achieve the preset treatment effect.

[0180] In some embodiments, regarding the loss of the axial propagation mode in the fiber core, the control module 120 is further configured to:

[0181] According to the prediction strategy, the loss of the axial propagation mode in the fiber core is determined;

[0182] According to the loss of the axial propagation mode in the fiber core, the corresponding light intensity is determined from a third mapping table, wherein the third mapping table includes a mapping relationship between the loss of the axial propagation mode in the fiber core and the light intensity.

[0183] In some embodiments, the above prediction strategy can be used to determine the loss of the axial propagation mode in the fiber core by the following formula:

[0184] P=P0e -αz (1);

[0185] α=2k0Im(n eff ) (2);

[0186] k0=2π / λ (3).

[0187] in:

[0188] P represents the power of the output fiber (corresponding to the loss of the axial propagation mode in the above-mentioned fiber core);

[0189] P0 represents the power entering and exiting the optical fiber;

[0190] α represents the attenuation coefficient;

[0191] z represents the distance that the irradiation laser propagates in the optical fiber (including the solid core optical fiber 210 and the suspension core optical fiber 140 ) (actually, it is the distance from the light source module 110 to one end of the suspension core optical fiber 140 placed on the area to be treated);

[0192] k0 represents the free space wave number;

[0193] λ represents the laser wavelength of the irradiating laser;

[0194] Im(neff ) represents the imaginary part of the effective refractive index.

[0195] In a possible implementation, the suspended core optical fiber 140 further includes:

[0196] A plurality of gold cylinders are arranged at preset intervals in the cavity 410 for transmitting the photosensitizer, and are used to generate surface plasmons under the irradiation of the irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110. The surface plasmons are used to determine the light intensity in the fiber mode field of the suspended core fiber 140.

[0197] The embodiment of the present application utilizes a gold cylinder to excite a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect under the irradiation of a laser, determines the corresponding surface plasmon, and then determines the light intensity in the fiber mode length of the cantilevered core optical fiber 140 through the surface plasmon.

[0198] As mentioned above, based on the light intensity in the fiber mode field of the cantilevered fiber 140 and the first mapping table and the second mapping table in the aforementioned embodiment, the refractive index and concentration corresponding to the photosensitizer can be determined.

[0199] The plurality of feed cylinders are arranged at predetermined intervals along the axial direction of the suspended core optical fiber 140. The present embodiment does not impose any specific limitation on the predetermined distance, and the predetermined distance can be selected based on actual needs.

[0200] In some embodiments, the cantilevered core fiber 140 includes nine gold cylinders.

[0201] In a possible embodiment, a plurality of through holes are opened on the surface of the cavity 410 for transmitting the photosensitizer, and the photosensitizer flows through the plurality of through holes to the area to be treated through the drug delivery port.

[0202] The embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the number of through holes, and they can be opened based on implementation requirements.

[0203] Corresponding to the above system embodiment, the present application embodiment also provides a photodynamic therapy method based on the suspended core fiber 140. Figure 4 , Figure 4 A flowchart of a photodynamic therapy method based on a suspended core fiber 140 is provided in an embodiment of the present application. The flowchart of the photodynamic therapy method based on the suspended core fiber 140 can be applied to the suspended core fiber-based photodynamic therapy system 100 in the above embodiment or the electronic devices in the following embodiments, wherein the electronic devices include personal computers, servers, mobile devices, cloud computing platforms and supercomputers, etc.

[0204] like Figure 5 The photodynamic therapy method based on the suspended core fiber includes the following steps 510 to 540 .

[0205] In step 510 , the control module 120 controls the light source module 110 to generate irradiation laser light in a first working state.

[0206] In step 520 , the control module 120 receives the backscattered light collected by the monitoring module 150 . The backscattered light is scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser light generated by the light source module 110 in the first working state.

[0207] In step 530 , the control module 120 determines the second working state according to the backscattered light change value, where the backscattered light change value is the backscattered light change value before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port.

[0208] In step 540, the control module 120 controls the light source module 110 to switch from the first working state to the second working state. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module 110 in the second working state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer flowing through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, causing a reaction in the area to be treated to achieve treatment.

[0209] The photodynamic therapy method based on suspended core optical fiber provided in the embodiment of the present application controls the light source module to generate an irradiation laser in the first working state through the control module, and uses the control module to receive the backscattered light collected by the monitoring module. The backscattered light is the scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state. Then the second working state is determined according to the backscattered light change value through the control module. The backscattered light change value is the change value of the backscattered light before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port. Finally, the light source module is controlled by the control module to switch from the first working state to the second working state. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer that flows through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, and reacts in the area to be treated to achieve treatment. The embodiment of the present application switches the working state of the light source module by the backscattered light change value, without the need for additional detection equipment, and can reduce the cost of treatment based on the photodynamic method.

[0210] The implementation process of the embodiment of the present application is the same as or similar to that in the aforementioned system embodiment. For details, please refer to the introduction in the aforementioned system embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0211] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0212] The electronic device may include a processor 601 and a memory 602 storing computer program instructions.

[0213] Specifically, the processor 601 may include a central processing unit (CPU), or an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application.

[0214] The memory 602 may include a large capacity memory for data or instructions. By way of example and not limitation, the memory 602 may include a hard disk drive (HDD), a floppy disk drive, a flash memory, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a magnetic tape, or a universal serial bus (USB) drive, or a combination of two or more of these. Where appropriate, the memory 602 may include removable or non-removable (or fixed) media. Where appropriate, the memory 602 may be inside or outside the integrated gateway disaster recovery device. In a specific embodiment, the memory 602 is a non-volatile solid-state memory.

[0215] In some embodiments, the memory 602 may include a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk storage medium device, an optical storage medium device, a flash memory device, an electrical, optical or other physical / tangible memory storage device. Thus, generally, the memory includes one or more tangible (non-transitory) computer-readable storage media (e.g., a memory device) encoded with software including computer-executable instructions, and when the software is executed (e.g., by one or more processors), it is operable to perform the operations described with reference to the methods provided according to the embodiments of the present application.

[0216] The processor 601 implements the method provided in the above embodiment by reading and executing the computer program instructions stored in the memory 602 .

[0217] In one example, the electronic device may further include a communication interface 603 and a bus 610. The processor 601, the memory 602, and the communication interface 603 are connected via the bus 610 and communicate with each other.

[0218] The communication interface 603 is mainly used to implement communication between various modules, devices, units and / or equipment in the embodiments of the present application.

[0219] Bus 610 comprises hardware, software or both, couples the parts of electronic equipment to each other.For example, and not limitation, bus can comprise accelerated graphics port (AGP) or other graphics bus, enhanced industry standard architecture (EISA) bus, front side bus (FSB), hypertransport (HT) interconnection, industry standard architecture (ISA) bus, infinite bandwidth interconnection, low pin count (LPC) bus, memory bus, micro channel architecture (MCA) bus, peripheral component interconnection (PCI) bus, PCI-Express (PCI-X) bus, serial advanced technology attachment (SATA) bus, video electronics standard association local (VLB) bus or other suitable bus or two or more of these combinations.In suitable cases, bus 610 can comprise one or more buses.Although the present application embodiment describes and shows specific bus, the application considers any suitable bus or interconnection.

[0220] In addition, in combination with the methods provided in the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application may provide a computer-readable storage medium for implementation. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer program instructions; when the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, any of the methods in the above embodiments is implemented.

[0221] In addition, in conjunction with the methods provided in the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application may be implemented by providing a computer program product. This program product is stored in a storage medium and executed by at least one processor to implement the various processes of the method embodiments provided in the above embodiments, and can achieve similar or identical technical effects. To avoid repetition, these are not described here.

[0222] It should be understood that the present application is not limited to the specific configurations and processes described above and illustrated in the figures. For the sake of brevity, a detailed description of known methods is omitted here. In the above embodiments, several specific steps are described and illustrated as examples. However, the method process of the present application is not limited to the specific steps described and illustrated. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications, and additions, or change the order of the steps after understanding the spirit of the present application.

[0223] The functional blocks shown in the above-described block diagram can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, they can be, for example, electronic circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), appropriate firmware, plug-ins, function cards, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present application are programs or code segments that are used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or a communication link by a data signal carried in a carrier wave. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium that can store or transmit information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROMs, flash memories, erasable ROMs (EROMs), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, etc. The code segment can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc.

[0224] It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in this application describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, this application is not limited to the order of the above steps. In other words, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiments, or in a different order, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0225] Aspects of the present disclosure have been described above with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems) and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram and the combination of each box in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine so that these instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device enable the implementation of the function / action specified in one or more boxes of the flowchart and / or block diagram. Such a processor can be, but is not limited to, a general-purpose processor, a special-purpose processor, a special application processor or a field programmable logic circuit. It is also understood that each box in the block diagram and / or flowchart and the combination of the boxes in the block diagram and / or flowchart can also be implemented by dedicated hardware that performs the specified function or action, or can be implemented by a combination of dedicated hardware and computer instructions.

[0226] The above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application. Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, modules and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A photodynamic therapy system based on suspended core optical fiber, characterized in that: The system comprises: Light source module; A control module, connected to the light source module, for controlling the light source module to generate irradiation laser in a first working state; a transmission module, connected to the light source module, and configured to transmit the irradiation laser light generated by the light source module in the first working state; a suspension optical fiber, one end of which is connected to the transmission module and is used to transmit the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state to the area to be treated, the other end of which is placed in the area to be treated, and a drug delivery port is provided on the suspension optical fiber; a monitoring module, connected to the transmission module and the control module respectively, and configured to send backscattered light to the control module, wherein the backscattered light is scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state; The control module is further configured to determine a second operating state based on a backscattered light change value and control the light source module to switch from the first operating state to the second operating state. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second operating state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer that flows through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, causing a reaction in the area to be treated to achieve treatment. The backscattered light change value is a change in the backscattered light before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port.

2. The system according to claim 1, wherein The transmission module is a ring connector, and the ring connector includes: A first connection port is connected to the light source module via a solid core optical fiber; a second connection port, connected to the suspended core optical fiber via the solid core optical fiber; The third connection port is connected to the monitoring module through the solid core optical fiber.

3. The system according to claim 2, wherein: The system further comprises: A socket connector, one end of which is socketed with the solid core optical fiber, and the other end of which is socketed with the suspended core optical fiber.

4. The system according to claim 3, wherein: The sleeve is provided with a connection port at one end close to the suspended core optical fiber, and the connection port coincides with the drug delivery port; The system further comprises: A hollow tube, one end of which is fixedly connected to the connecting port, and the other end of which is used for injecting the photosensitizer.

5. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The control module is specifically used for: Determining light intensity change information in the optical fiber mode field of the suspended core optical fiber according to the backscattered light change value; Determining physical property change information of the photosensitizer according to the light intensity change information, wherein the physical property change information includes refractive index change information and concentration change information; The second working state is determined from a plurality of pre-configured working states according to the physical property change information.

6. The system according to claim 1, wherein: The suspended core optical fiber comprises: A fiber core is used to transmit the irradiation laser generated by the light source module, and the diameter of the fiber core is greater than or equal to 15 microns and less than or equal to 30 microns.

7. The system according to claim 6, wherein: The suspended core optical fiber further comprises: A plurality of cavities are arranged around the fiber core, and at least one cavity among the plurality of cavities is used for transmitting the photosensitizer.

8. The system according to claim 7, wherein: The suspended core optical fiber further comprises: A plurality of gold cylinders are arranged at preset intervals in the cavity for transmitting the photosensitizer, and are used to generate surface plasmons under the irradiation of the irradiation laser generated by the light source module. The surface plasmons are used to determine the light intensity in the fiber mode field of the cantilevered core optical fiber.

9. The system according to claim 7, wherein: A plurality of through holes are provided on the surface of the cavity of the at least one cavity for transmitting the photosensitizer, and the photosensitizer flows through the plurality of through holes to the area to be treated through the drug delivery port.

10. A photodynamic therapy method based on suspended core optical fiber, characterized in that: The photodynamic therapy system based on a suspended core fiber applied to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the method comprises: The control module controls the light source module to generate irradiation laser in a first working state; The control module receives the backscattered light collected by the monitoring module, where the backscattered light is scattered light corresponding to the irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the first working state; The control module determines the second working state according to the backscattered light change value, wherein the backscattered light change value is the backscattered light change value before and after the photosensitizer is applied through the drug delivery port; The control module controls the light source module to switch from the first working state to the second working state. The irradiation laser generated by the light source module in the second working state is used to irradiate the photosensitizer that flows through the drug delivery port to the area to be treated, causing a reaction in the area to be treated to achieve treatment.

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