Reduction agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of flue gas denitration treatment, and specifically relates to a reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the efficiency of a nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, which comprises a flue and a tank body connected through a connecting pipeline, a plurality of groups of injection mechanisms for spraying a reducing agent are arranged in the flue, a partition disc is arranged in the tank body, and the tank body is divided into a buffer zone and a turbulence zone by the partition disc; the application is characterized in that the opening and closing of the through holes on the piston disc and the partition disc are matched, flue gas is guided into the turbulence zone, the orderly flow of the flue gas in the tank body is ensured, and the flow path of the flue gas is optimized; in addition, the flue gas is diffused to the surroundings under the action of the third conical surface, enters the gap between the outer wall of the central part and the first ring body and the second ring body, and then reaches the fifth conical surface to form a reflux, the multi-stage guiding and diffusing design makes the flue gas form a complex flow path in the tank body, the contact opportunity of the flue gas and the reducing agent is increased, and the efficiency of the reduction reaction is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of flue gas denitrification, specifically to a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction. Background Technology

[0002] In the process of flue gas purification through vortex circulation filtration in thermal power generation, the control of nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions is a key issue for environmental protection. NOx is not only an air pollutant but also has a serious impact on human health and the environment. Denitrification technology, which reduces NOx into harmless gases (nitrogen and water vapor) through chemical reactions, is currently the main means of solving this problem.

[0003] The most commonly used denitrification methods currently include selective catalytic reduction (SCR) and selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR). Among them, SNCR technology is widely used in some thermal power plants due to its low cost and simple operation. SNCR technology injects a reducing agent (such as ammonia or urea solution) into the flue gas, using a chemical reaction to convert NOx into nitrogen and water.

[0004] Existing technologies have several shortcomings in the design of flow disturbance mechanisms. For example, some flow disturbance devices in denitrification equipment have complex structures, making installation and maintenance inconvenient. Furthermore, in high-temperature, high-dust flue gas environments, electronic components are prone to failure, affecting the stable operation of the system. In addition, traditional flow disturbance mechanisms may not be able to adequately adapt to changes in flue gas velocity and temperature, leading to unstable denitrification efficiency under different operating conditions. Moreover, some flow disturbance mechanisms have limited effectiveness in promoting the mixing of flue gas and reducing agent, failing to effectively improve the utilization rate of the reducing agent and the selectivity of the denitrification reaction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device that improves the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, so as to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, comprising a flue and a tank connected by a connecting pipe, wherein the flue is provided with multiple sets of injection mechanisms for spraying reducing agent, and the tank is provided with a partition plate that divides the interior of the tank into a buffer zone and a turbulence zone distributed vertically; wherein a turbulence mechanism is provided in the turbulence zone, and a piston disc is provided in a sealed sliding manner in the buffer zone, wherein both the piston disc and the partition plate are provided with through holes, and both are respectively provided with a first control mechanism and a second control mechanism for switching the opening and closing state of the through holes; flue gas enters the buffer zone through the flue and collects, and when the piston disc moves, it can pump the flue gas collected in the buffer zone into the turbulence zone.

[0007] As a further aspect of the present invention: multiple sets of the injection mechanisms are arranged along a spiral trajectory in the height direction of the flue, and the injection mechanism includes an atomizing nozzle movably disposed in the flue, the atomizing nozzle being connected to an angle adjustment structure.

[0008] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a liquid inlet pipe is fixed on the flue, the liquid inlet pipe is rotatably connected to the atomizing nozzle, the end of the liquid inlet pipe away from the atomizing nozzle is connected to an external pump body, and the angle adjustment structure includes a drive motor installed on the outer wall of the flue, the output shaft of the drive motor extends into the flue and is connected to the atomizing nozzle through a bevel gear set.

[0009] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the turbulence mechanism includes a first ring body, a second ring body, a central member, and a cover body disposed in the tank body. The central holes of the first ring body, the second ring body, and the cover body are all straight holes on the top and formed with a first conical surface, a second conical surface, and a fifth conical surface on the bottom, respectively. The central hole of the first ring body coincides with the through hole on the partition plate, and the central member is located at the center of the first ring body and the second ring body.

[0010] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the upper and lower parts of the central component are respectively provided with a third conical surface and a fourth conical surface, the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface are connected by a vertical surface, a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the third conical surface and the vertical surface and the first ring body and the second ring body, the straight hole surface of the cover is fixed on the fourth conical surface of the central component, a plurality of through holes are provided at equal intervals along the circumference of the cover, an impact chamber is formed between the cover and the bottom wall of the tank, and the through holes connect the gap and the impact chamber.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention: a hydraulic cylinder is provided on the outer wall of the tank, and a transmission frame is also provided on the tank in a sealed sliding manner. The transmission frame is fixedly connected to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston disc; the first control mechanism includes a movable disc that is sealed and slidably disposed on the piston disc. The movable disc is connected to a sliding fit structure. Two fixed shafts are also fixed on the piston disc. A kit is slidably sleeved on each of the two fixed shafts. The movable disc is fixed between the two kits. When the kit slides on the fixed shaft, it can drive the movable disc to slide radially along the piston disc.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the sliding fit structure includes a vertical arm fixed to the movable plate and a limiting plate fixed to the inner wall of the tank, and the vertical arm is provided with a protruding post, the limiting plate is provided with a through groove adapted to the protruding post, the protruding post passes through the through groove and is slidably connected to the limiting plate, and the through groove includes an inclined groove and a vertical groove connected together.

[0013] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the second control mechanism includes a sealing member that is slidably disposed on the partition and is capable of moving radially along the partition. The sealing member is fan-shaped, connected to an elastic support structure, and also cooperates with a limiting component disposed in the buffer zone.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the elastic support structure includes two guide shafts fixed to the inner wall of the tank and a follower plate slidably connected to the two guide shafts. The follower plate is fixedly connected to the sealing member, and an elongated portion is formed on the upper part to cooperate with the limiting component. A cylindrical spring is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide shaft, and the two ends of the cylindrical spring are respectively connected to the inner wall of the tank and the follower plate.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the limiting component includes a rotating shaft rotatably mounted on the partition and a limiting wheel disposed on the rotating shaft and abutting against the elongated portion; the rotating shaft is slidably fitted with a bushing fixed on the piston disc; wherein, a driving post is provided on the inner wall of the bushing, and a groove adapted to the driving post is provided on the inner wall of the rotating shaft; the driving post extends into the groove and is slidably connected to the rotating shaft; the groove includes a first groove and a second groove connected together; the first groove is spirally arranged, and the second groove is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: the mechanical cooperation scheme of this application, through ingenious mechanical structure design, effectively avoids problems such as poor contact and short circuit that may occur in electronic components under high temperature conditions, thereby significantly improving the stability and reliability of the entire system and ensuring the efficient operation of the flue gas denitrification process.

[0017] This application utilizes the switching mechanism of the through holes on the piston disc and the partition disc to guide the flue gas into the turbulence zone, ensuring the orderly flow of the flue gas within the tank, optimizing the flow path of the flue gas, avoiding short-circuiting or stagnation of the flue gas, and improving the uniformity of mixing between the flue gas and the reducing agent. In addition, under the action of the third conical surface, the flue gas diffuses outwards, enters the gap between the outer wall of the central component and the first and second rings, and then reaches the fifth conical surface to form a backflow. This multi-stage guidance and diffusion design creates a complex flow path for the flue gas within the tank, increasing the contact opportunities between the flue gas and the reducing agent and improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction. Under the action of the second conical surface, the flue gas is blown towards the fourth conical surface through the opening, where the flue gas from all sides impacts it. This impact can break the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas, further enhancing the mixing of flue gas and reducing agent. During the upward and resetting process of the piston disc, it will have a certain suction effect on the turbulence zone, thus creating a certain negative pressure in the turbulence zone, further increasing the length and complexity of the flue gas movement path in the turbulence zone. As the pressure in the buffer zone increases, after the piston disc moves upward and the through hole on it opens, the flue gas can enter the area between the diaphragm and the piston disc at a relatively fast speed under the action of high pressure, which has a certain impact effect and enhances the reaction effect. Under the high pressure environment, the distance between the flue gas and the reducing agent molecules in the buffer zone decreases and the collision frequency increases, which helps to accelerate the chemical reaction rate. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0019] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another aspect of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0020] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the flue structure in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0021] Figure 4 A top view of the flue in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0022] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of the structure at point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the tank in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0024] Figure 7 for Figure 6Enlarged view of the structure at point B;

[0025] Figure 8 for Figure 6 Enlarged view of the structure at point C;

[0026] Figure 9 A cross-sectional view of the tank in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0027] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A structural diagram from another angle;

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the flow of flue gas in the turbulence zone in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction;

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first control mechanism and the second control mechanism in one embodiment of a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction.

[0030] In the diagram: 1. Flue; 2. Tank body; 3. Connecting pipe; 4. Piston disc; 5. Partition plate; 6. First ring; 601. First conical surface; 7. Second ring; 701. Second conical surface; 8. Central component; 801. Third conical surface; 802. Fourth conical surface; 9. Cover; 901. Fifth conical surface; 902. Port; 10. Hydraulic cylinder; 11. Transmission frame; 12. Drive motor; 13. Liquid inlet pipe; 14. Atomizer 15. Nozzle; 16. Bevel gear set; 17. Guide shaft; 18. Follower plate; 19. Long strip; 20. Cylindrical spring; 21. Limiting wheel; 22. Rotating shaft; 23. First groove; 24. Second groove; 25. Sealing component; 26. Bushing; 27. Fixed shaft; 28. Kit; 29. ​​Movable disc; 20. Vertical arm; 20. Protruding column; 21. Limiting plate; 22. Inclined groove; 23. Vertical groove. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Furthermore, elements in this invention are referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, which may be directly on the other element or may also include an intervening element. When an element is considered to be "connected" to another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or may also include an intervening element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementations.

[0033] Please see Figures 1-11 In this embodiment of the invention, a reducing agent injection flue gas denitrification device for improving the efficiency of nitrogen oxide reduction reaction includes a flue 1 and a tank 2 connected by a connecting pipe 3. The flue 1 is provided with multiple sets of injection mechanisms for spraying reducing agent. The tank 2 is provided with a partition 5, which divides the interior of the tank 2 into a buffer zone and a turbulence zone distributed vertically. The turbulence zone is provided with a turbulence mechanism, and the buffer zone is provided with a piston disc 4 that is sealed and slidably installed. Both the piston disc 4 and the partition 5 are provided with through holes, and both are respectively provided with a first control mechanism and a second control mechanism for switching the opening and closing state of the through holes. Flue gas enters the buffer zone through the flue 1 and collects. When the piston disc 4 moves, it can pump the flue gas collected in the buffer zone into the turbulence zone.

[0034] It should be further explained that a flue gas inlet is provided at the bottom of the flue 1. In specific implementation, the flue gas is pumped into the flue 1 by a pump. At the same time, the injection mechanism sprays a reducing agent (such as ammonia or urea solution) into the flue gas in an atomized form. Then, the flue gas enters the tank 2 through the connecting pipe 3. Initially, the guide holes on the piston disc 4 and the partition disc 5 are in the open and closed states, respectively. Thus, the flue gas gathers in the buffer zone. When the piston disc 4 moves down in the tank 2, the first control mechanism closes the guide hole on the piston disc 4, and the second control mechanism opens the guide hole on the partition disc 5. Then, the flue gas gathered in the buffer zone is pumped into the turbulence zone. After the flue gas enters the turbulence zone, it forms turbulence under the action of the turbulence mechanism. Specifically, the flue gas is impacted, thereby improving the efficiency of the nitrogen oxide reduction reaction and ensuring the effectiveness of flue gas treatment.

[0035] The specific effects are as follows: High-efficiency mixing: By setting up an injection mechanism in flue 1, the reducing agent is sprayed into the flue gas in an atomized form, which can fully mix the reducing agent with the flue gas, improving the utilization rate and reaction efficiency of the reducing agent. This atomized injection method greatly increases the contact area between the reducing agent and the flue gas, allowing the chemical reaction to proceed more quickly and completely.

[0036] Buffering and Diversion: The flue gas first enters the buffer zone. This design helps stabilize the flue gas velocity and flow rate, preventing the flue gas from directly impacting the turbulence zone and causing uneven reactions. The existence of the buffer zone allows the flue gas to gradually converge in a relatively stable state, providing a more uniform flue gas flow for subsequent turbulence treatment.

[0037] Turbulence-enhanced reaction: Within the turbulence zone, the turbulence mechanism creates turbulence in the flue gas, further enhancing the mixing effect between the flue gas and the reducing agent. Turbulence breaks down the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas, allowing the reducing agent to penetrate deeper into every corner of the flue gas flow, thereby improving the efficiency of the nitrogen oxide reduction reaction and ensuring that NOx in the flue gas is fully converted into harmless gases.

[0038] Precise control: The through holes on piston disc 4 and partition disc 5, through the coordinated operation of the first and second control mechanisms, can precisely control the flow and collection process of flue gas. This precise control mechanism ensures that the residence time and reaction conditions of flue gas in different areas are optimized, avoiding local over- or under-reaction, and further improving the treatment effect and stability of the entire denitrification system.

[0039] High adaptability: This device can adapt to flue gas treatment needs under different working conditions. Regardless of changes in flue gas flow rate, velocity, or temperature, the effectiveness of flue gas treatment can be ensured by adjusting the injection volume of the injection mechanism and the working state of the turbulence-disrupting mechanism, enabling it to operate stably in various complex industrial environments and meet environmental protection requirements.

[0040] Improved processing efficiency: Through the above series of designs, the denitrification device can significantly improve the treatment efficiency of nitrogen oxides in flue gas and reduce NOx emissions, which is of great significance for improving air quality and reducing environmental pollution. At the same time, it also helps enterprises meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations and avoid penalties and reputational damage due to excessive emissions.

[0041] Please refer to it again. Figure 3 and Figure 4 Multiple sets of the spraying mechanisms are arranged along a spiral trajectory in the height direction of the flue 1. Specifically, the flue 1 is composed of multiple square tubes connected in sequence. Each square tube is equipped with a spraying mechanism. The spraying mechanisms on two adjacent square tubes are located on two adjacent surfaces of the square tubes. The spraying mechanism includes an atomizing nozzle 14 movably disposed in the flue 1. The atomizing nozzle 14 is connected to an angle adjustment structure.

[0042] Please refer to it again. Figure 5A liquid inlet pipe 13 is fixed on the flue 1. The liquid inlet pipe 13 is rotatably connected to the atomizing nozzle 14. One end of the liquid inlet pipe 13 away from the atomizing nozzle 14 is connected to an external pump body. The angle adjustment structure includes a drive motor 12 installed on the outer wall of the flue 1. The output shaft of the drive motor 12 extends into the flue 1 and is connected to the atomizing nozzle 14 through a bevel gear set 15.

[0043] In detail, the bevel gear set 15 includes a first bevel gear fixed to the end of the output shaft of the drive motor 12 and a second bevel gear fixed to the atomizing nozzle 14, the second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear; during operation, the output shaft of the drive motor 12 can drive the atomizing nozzle 14 to deflect through the bevel gear set 15, thereby changing the angle of the atomizing nozzle 14. The adjustable angle design ensures that the reducing agent can be evenly distributed to all areas of the flue gas flow, thereby increasing the probability of the reducing agent contacting NOx molecules in the flue gas; secondly, this application uses the bevel gear set 15 as a transmission component, the purpose of which is to place the drive source (i.e., the drive motor 12) for adjusting the angle of the atomizing nozzle 14 outside the flue 1. Because the flue gas discharged from the combustion furnace is at a high temperature, typically between 800-1100°C, if the drive source is located inside flue 1, operating in such a high-temperature environment will have many adverse effects, specifically as follows: Insulation materials will age faster, resulting in decreased insulation performance and shortened lifespan; motor winding resistance will increase, leading to reduced efficiency; heat dissipation will deteriorate, causing heat accumulation inside the motor and creating a vicious cycle; lubricant performance will decline, resulting in poor lubrication, increased friction, and accelerated wear; mechanical structures will deform due to thermal expansion, affecting operational stability and accuracy, and increasing vibration and noise; electronic components will be prone to failure at high temperatures, reducing control precision; the motor's output power and torque will decrease, failing to meet operational requirements; overall stability will decrease, the failure rate will increase, and more frequent maintenance and repairs will be required.

[0044] Furthermore, multiple atomizing nozzles 14 are equidistantly distributed along the height direction of the flue 1, and the spray angle and flow rate of each atomizing nozzle 14 are adjustable. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the coverage area of ​​each atomizing nozzle 14. The spray angle of the atomizing nozzle 14 is typically between 30° and 120°, with the specific angle depending on the width and height of the flue 1. The height difference between two adjacent atomizing nozzles 14 needs to ensure that the spray areas of adjacent atomizing nozzles 14 have appropriate overlap to avoid uncovered areas. The formula for calculating the spacing between atomizing nozzles 14 (i.e., the height difference between two adjacent nozzles) can be expressed as: .

[0045] Where S is the spacing between the atomizing nozzles 14, W is the height of the flue 1, and n is the number of atomizing nozzles 14 along the height of the flue 1; the number of atomizing nozzles 14 needs to be determined based on the dimensions of the flue 1 and the coverage area of ​​the atomizing nozzles 14. Assuming the height of the flue 1 is W and the spray angle of the atomizing nozzles 14 is θ, the number of atomizing nozzles 14 can be expressed as: .

[0046] Where R is the nozzle's spray distance, which is usually determined by the spray pressure and the nozzle diameter.

[0047] The flow rate of each nozzle is regulated by a jet pump and a flow control valve to ensure that the jet volume of each nozzle meets the design requirements. The flow control formula can be expressed as: .

[0048] Among them, Q i Q is the flow rate of the i-th nozzle. total is the total jet flow rate, and n is the number of nozzles.

[0049] In actual operation, the nozzle angle and flow rate need to be dynamically adjusted according to changes in flue gas velocity, temperature, and other operating conditions. This can be achieved through a feedback control system, which adjusts the nozzle's operating status in real time based on flue gas parameters monitored by sensors. In the flue gas denitrification device, the feedback control system monitors parameters such as flue gas velocity, temperature, and NOx concentration to adjust the reductant injection quantity in real time. Specifically, the detected parameter deviations are fed back to the controller, which adjusts the input based on the deviations, such as adjusting the reductant injection quantity of the injection mechanism, to maintain optimal denitrification reaction conditions. This feedback control mechanism ensures thorough mixing of the reductant and flue gas, improving the utilization rate of the reductant and denitrification efficiency, while avoiding excessive use of the reductant and reducing operating costs. Furthermore, it stabilizes the flue gas flow, optimizes the residence time and reaction conditions of the flue gas in different areas, further improving the selectivity and efficiency of the denitrification reaction, and ensuring the stability and reliability of the flue gas treatment effect.

[0050] Please refer to it again. Figure 9 , Figure 10 as well as Figure 11The turbulence-disrupting mechanism includes a first ring 6, a second ring 7, a central component 8, and a cover 9 disposed in the tank body 2. The central holes of the first ring 6, the second ring 7, and the cover 9 are all straight holes with a first conical surface 601, a second conical surface 701, and a fifth conical surface 901 respectively formed on the lower part. The central hole of the first ring 6 coincides with the through hole on the partition plate 5. The upper and lower parts of the central component 8 are respectively provided with a third conical surface 801 and a fourth conical surface 802, which are connected by a vertical surface. The central component 8 is located at the center of the first ring 6 and the second ring 7, and a gap is reserved between the outer wall of the third conical surface 801 and the vertical surface of the central component 8 and the first ring 6 and the second ring 7. The straight hole surface of the cover 9 is fixed on the fourth conical surface 802 of the central component 8. The cover 9 has multiple openings 902 equidistantly spaced along its circumference. An impact chamber is formed between the cover 9 and the bottom wall of the tank 2. The openings 902 connect the gap and the impact chamber.

[0051] As the piston disc 4 moves downward within the tank 2, the through holes on the piston disc 4 and the partition disc 5 are respectively in the closed and open states, allowing the flue gas collected in the buffer zone to be pumped into the turbulence zone. This design has the following beneficial effects: Optimized flue gas flow path: Through the switching of the through holes on the piston disc 4 and the partition disc 5, the flue gas is guided into the turbulence zone, ensuring the orderly flow of the flue gas within the tank 2, avoiding short-circuiting or stagnation of the flue gas, and improving the uniformity of mixing between the flue gas and the reducing agent.

[0052] Enhancing the mixing effect of flue gas and reducing agent: Under the action of the third conical surface 801, the flue gas enters the gap between the outer wall of the central component 8 and the first ring 6 and the second ring 7, first diffusing outwards, then moving vertically downwards, and then diffusing outwards again, reaching the fifth conical surface 901 to form a backflow. This multi-stage guiding and diffusion design makes the flue gas form a complex flow path within the tank 2, increasing the contact opportunities between the flue gas and the reducing agent and improving the efficiency of the reduction reaction.

[0053] Promoting turbulence and impact: Under the action of the second conical surface 701, the flue gas is blown through the orifice 902 towards the fourth conical surface 802, where the flue gas from all sides impacts the surface. This impact can break the laminar boundary layer of the flue gas, further enhance the mixing of flue gas and reducing agent, form turbulence, and thus improve the rate and efficiency of the nitrogen oxide reduction reaction.

[0054] Improving the discharge efficiency of reaction products: Ultimately, the reaction products are discharged from the bottom outlet of tank 2 and enter the subsequent flue gas purification device for further treatment. This design ensures that the reaction products can be discharged from tank 2 in a timely manner, avoiding the accumulation of products in tank 2 and improving the processing efficiency and stability of the entire denitrification unit.

[0055] Please refer to it again. Figure 7 and Figure 12 The outer wall of the tank body 2 is provided with a hydraulic cylinder 10, and a transmission frame 11 is also provided on the tank body 2 in a sealed sliding manner. The transmission frame 11 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder 10 and the piston disc 4. Multiple through holes are arranged in a circular array on the piston disc 4. The first control mechanism includes a movable disc 25 that is sealed and slidably disposed on the piston disc 4. Each movable disc 25 corresponds to a through hole. Each movable disc 25 is connected to a sliding fit structure. Two fixed shafts 23 are also fixed on the piston disc 4. A kit 24 is slidably sleeved on each of the two fixed shafts 23. The movable disc 25 is fixed between the two kits 24. When the kit 24 slides on the fixed shaft 23, it can drive the movable disc 25 to slide radially along the piston disc 4. The sliding fit structure includes a vertical arm 26 fixed on the movable disk 25 and a limiting plate 27 fixed on the inner wall of the tank body 2. The vertical arm 26 is provided with a protrusion 2601, and the limiting plate 27 is provided with a through groove adapted to the protrusion 2601. The protrusion 2601 passes through the through groove and is slidably connected to the limiting plate 27. The through groove includes an inclined groove 2701 and a vertical groove 2702 connected together.

[0056] During the operation of the flue gas treatment system, when the hydraulic cylinder 10 starts working, the hydraulic oil inside it rapidly pushes the piston under high pressure, thereby driving the connected transmission frame 11 at a relatively fast speed. This speed setting is carefully calculated to ensure that the flue gas has sufficient impact strength after entering the turbulence zone, thereby effectively promoting the mixing of flue gas and reducing agent.

[0057] As the transmission frame 11 moves rapidly, it drives the piston disc 4 to slide downwards. In the initial stage of the piston disc 4's downward movement, the protrusion 2601 on it first contacts the inclined groove 2701 on the limiting plate 27. The special design of the inclined groove 2701 allows the protrusion 2601 to slide smoothly along its inclined surface, forming a clever sliding fit between the two. This fit not only guides the direction of movement of the protrusion 2601 but also prepares for subsequent actions.

[0058] During the sliding engagement of the protrusion 2601 and the inclined groove 2701, the vertical arm 26, guided by the fixed shaft 23 and the assembly 24, drives the movable disc 5 to move linearly along the radial direction of the piston disc 4. With the assistance of this guiding system, the vertical arm 26 causes the movable disc 25 to make a yielding motion. The movable disc 25 slides radially along the piston disc 4; this sliding process is smooth and controlled, creating conditions for the subsequent closing action.

[0059] As the protrusion 2601 continues to slide and eventually enters the vertical groove 2702, the movable disk 25 and the guide hole on the piston disk 4 coincide. At this point, the movable disk 25 precisely seals the guide hole on the piston disk 4. This sealing is precise and timely, its purpose being to allow the piston disk 4 to smoothly pump the flue gas collected in the buffer zone into the turbulence zone. Through this series of complex and coordinated actions, the flue gas is fully mixed with the reducing agent in the turbulence zone, thereby significantly enhancing the mixing effect and laying a solid foundation for subsequent treatment processes.

[0060] Please refer to it again. Figure 8 and Figure 12 The second control mechanism includes a sealing member 21 that is slidably disposed on the partition 5 and can move radially along the partition 5. The partition 5 has a plurality of through holes arranged in a circular array around the center, which correspond one-to-one with the through holes on the piston disc 4. The distance between the through holes on the partition 5 and the center is smaller than the distance between the through holes on the piston disc 4 and the center. The sealing member 21 corresponds one-to-one with the through holes on the partition 5. The sealing member 21 is fan-shaped and connected to an elastic support structure. It also cooperates with a limiting component disposed in the buffer zone. The elastic support structure includes two guide shafts 16 fixed at one end to the inner wall of the tank 2 and a follower plate 17 slidably connected to the other end of the two guide shafts 16. The follower plate 17 is fixedly connected to the sealing member 21, and an elongated section 1701 that cooperates with the limiting component is also formed on the upper part. A columnar spring 18 is also sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide shaft 16. The two ends of the columnar spring 18 are respectively connected to the inner wall of the tank 2 and the follower plate 17. The columnar spring 18 is stretched at its maximum distance.

[0061] The limiting assembly includes a rotating shaft 20 rotatably mounted on the partition 5 and a limiting wheel 19 disposed on the rotating shaft 20 and abutting against the elongated portion 1701. The rotating shaft 20 is slidably fitted with a bushing 22 fixed on the piston disc 4. The inner wall of the bushing 22 is provided with a drive column, and the inner wall of the rotating shaft 20 is provided with a groove adapted to the drive column. The drive column extends into the groove and is slidably connected to the rotating shaft 20. The groove includes a first groove 2001 and a second groove 2002 connected to each other. The first groove 2001 is spirally arranged, and the second groove 2002 is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20.

[0062] As the protruding post 2601 is positioned within the inclined groove 2701, the driving post is positioned within the first groove 2001. With the downward movement of the piston disc 4, the driving post moves downward along the axial direction of the rotating shaft 20. Therefore, the driving post will slide against the rotating shaft 20 through the first groove 2001, causing the rotating shaft 20 to rotate. Correspondingly, the rotating shaft 20 will cause the limiting wheel 19 to shift. When the limiting wheel 19 shifts, the tension of the cylindrical spring 18 gradually decreases. Under the tension of the spring 18, the linear distance between the rotating shaft 20 and the follower plate 17 gradually decreases, thereby driving the sealing member 21 to move away from the center of the partition 5. Multiple fan-shaped sealing members 21 then perform a diffusion action. After the driving column reaches the second groove 2002, the through hole at the center of the partition 5 is opened, allowing the flue gas collected in the buffer zone to enter the turbulence zone. In summary, this application innovatively adopts a mechanical cooperation method to accurately realize the state switching of the through holes on the piston disc 4 and the partition 5. Compared with the traditional method of independently controlling the state switching of the two through holes, this mechanical cooperation method has significant advantages in terms of stability and reliability. In conventional operation, using a separate switching method usually requires the installation of a corresponding electronic control switch inside the tank 2. However, in practical applications, the flue gas often has a high temperature, and this high-temperature environment can easily cause adverse effects on electronic components such as electronic control switches, leading to malfunctions in the switching function. The mechanical coordination scheme of this application, through ingenious mechanical structure design, effectively avoids problems such as poor contact and short circuits that may occur in electronic components under high temperature conditions, thereby significantly improving the stability and reliability of the entire system and ensuring the efficient operation of the flue gas denitrification process.

[0063] It should be noted that during the process of the hydraulic cylinder 10 driving the piston disk 4 to move upward and reset, initially, since the through hole on the piston disk 4 is in a closed state and the through hole on the partition 5 is in a closed state, the hydraulic cylinder 10 should not quickly drive the piston disk 4 to move upward and reset after each downward movement of the piston disk 4, and it is necessary to ensure that the flue gas passes through the corresponding path in the turbulence zone. Secondly, during the upward and reset process of the piston disk 4, it will have a certain suction effect on the turbulence zone, thus forming a certain negative pressure in the turbulence zone. The pressure in the buffer zone increases. After the piston disk 4 moves upward and its through hole opens, the flue gas can enter the area between the partition 5 and the piston disk 4 at a relatively fast speed under the action of high pressure, which has a certain impact effect and improves the reaction effect. At this time, under the high pressure environment, the distance between the flue gas and the reducing agent molecules decreases and the collision frequency increases, which helps to accelerate the chemical reaction rate. For flue gas denitrification reactions, such as selective catalytic reduction (SCR) or selective non-catalytic reduction (SNCR), high-pressure conditions can promote the reaction between the reducing agent (such as ammonia or urea) and nitrogen oxides (NOx), thereby more efficiently converting NOx into harmless nitrogen and water vapor. A high-pressure environment also facilitates the uniform distribution of the reducing agent in the flue gas. Under normal pressure, the reducing agent may be unevenly distributed due to factors such as flue gas velocity and temperature, resulting in excess reducing agent in some areas and insufficient reducing agent in others. Under high pressure, the reducing agent is more easily atomized and uniformly dispersed in the flue gas, thus improving the selectivity and efficiency of the reduction reaction. Under high-pressure conditions, the selectivity of the flue gas denitrification reaction can be enhanced. This means that under high-pressure conditions, the reducing agent is more likely to react with NOx, reducing side reactions with other flue gas components, thereby improving the utilization rate of the reducing agent and the denitrification efficiency.

[0064] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0065] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the efficiency of a nitrogen oxide reduction reaction, comprising a flue and a tank body connected by a connecting pipe, characterized in that, The flue is provided with multiple groups of injection mechanisms for spraying reducing agent, the tank body is provided with a partition disc, and the partition disc divides the tank body into buffer zones and turbulence zones distributed in upper and lower portions; wherein, the turbulence zones are provided with turbulence mechanisms, the buffer zones are provided with piston discs in a sealing sliding manner, the piston discs and the partition disc are provided with through holes, and the piston discs and the partition disc are respectively provided with first control mechanisms and second control mechanisms for switching the opening and closing states of the through holes; flue gas enters the buffer zones through the flue, is collected, when the piston disc moves downward in the tank body, the first control mechanism closes the through hole on the piston disc, the second control mechanism opens the through hole on the partition disc, and then the flue gas collected in the buffer zones is pumped into the turbulence zones; the turbulence mechanism comprises a first ring body, a second ring body, a center piece and a cover body arranged in the tank body, the center holes of the first ring body, the second ring body and the cover body are straight hole faces at the top, and first, second and fifth tapered surfaces are respectively formed at the bottom, the center hole of the first ring body coincides with the through hole on the partition disc, and the center piece is located at the centers of the first ring body and the second ring body; the upper and lower portions of the center piece are respectively provided with third and fourth tapered surfaces, the third and fourth tapered surfaces are connected by a vertical surface, a gap is reserved between the third tapered surface, the vertical surface and the first and second ring bodies, the straight hole face of the cover body is fixed on the fourth tapered surface of the center piece, multiple through ports are equidistantly arranged on the cover body, an impact chamber is formed between the cover body and the bottom wall of the tank body, and the through ports communicate the gap and the impact chamber.

2. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitration device for improving the efficiency of a nitrogen oxide reduction reaction according to claim 1, characterized by, Multiple groups of the injection mechanisms are arranged along spiral tracks in the height direction of the flue, and the injection mechanism comprises an atomizing nozzle movably arranged in the flue.

3. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification apparatus for improving the efficiency of a reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides according to claim 2, characterized by The flue is provided with a liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe is sealingly and rotatably connected with the atomizing nozzle, one end of the liquid inlet pipe away from the atomizing nozzle is connected with an externally arranged pump body, and the angle control structure comprises a driving motor mounted on the outer wall of the flue, the output shaft of the driving motor extends into the flue and is connected with the atomizing nozzle through a bevel gear set.

4. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification apparatus for improving the efficiency of a reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides according to claim 1, characterized by The outer wall of the tank body is provided with a hydraulic cylinder, a transmission frame is sealingly and slidably arranged on the tank body, and the transmission frame is fixedly connected with the movable end of the hydraulic cylinder and the piston disc; the first control mechanism comprises a movable disc sealingly and slidably arranged on the piston disc, the movable disc is connected with a sliding fitting structure, two fixed shafts are fixedly arranged on the piston disc, one sleeve is slidably arranged on each of the two fixed shafts, and the movable disc is fixed between the two sleeves; when the sleeves slide on the fixed shafts, the movable disc can slide along the radial direction of the piston disc.

5. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification apparatus for improving the efficiency of a reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides according to claim 4, characterized by The sliding fit structure comprises a vertical arm fixed to the movable disc and a limiting plate fixed to the inner wall of the tank body, a protruding column is arranged on the vertical arm, a through slot adapted to the protruding column is arranged on the limiting plate, the protruding column penetrates through the through slot and is in sliding connection with the limiting plate, and the through slot comprises an inclined slot and a vertical slot connected with each other.

6. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification apparatus for improving the efficiency of a reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides according to claim 5, characterized by The second control mechanism comprises a blocking piece sealingly and slidingly arranged on the partition disc and capable of moving along the radial direction of the partition disc, the blocking piece is arranged in a fan shape, is connected with an elastic support structure, and cooperates with a limiting assembly arranged in the buffer area.

7. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification apparatus for improving the efficiency of a reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides according to claim 6, characterized by The elastic support structure comprises two guide shafts fixed to the inner wall of the tank body and a follower plate in sliding connection with the two guide shafts, the follower plate is fixedly connected with the blocking piece, and an upper portion of the follower plate further forms a long strip portion cooperating with the limiting assembly; wherein a cylindrical spring is further sleeved on the outer periphery of the guide shaft, and the two ends of the cylindrical spring are respectively connected with the inner wall of the tank body and the follower plate.

8. The reducing agent injection type flue gas denitrification apparatus for improving the efficiency of a reduction reaction of nitrogen oxides according to claim 7, characterized by The limiting assembly comprises a rotating shaft rotatably arranged on the partition disc and a limiting wheel arranged on the rotating shaft and abutting against the long strip portion, the rotating shaft is in sliding fit with a shaft sleeve fixed to the piston disc; wherein a driving column is arranged on the inner wall of the shaft sleeve, a groove adapted to the driving column is arranged on the inner wall of the rotating shaft, the driving column extends into the groove and is in sliding connection with the rotating shaft, and the groove comprises a first groove and a second groove connected with each other, the first groove is arranged in a spiral shape, and the second groove is arranged along the axial direction of the rotating shaft.

Images