Low-temperature-resistant cable material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a low temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of cable polymer materials, the low temperature resistant cable material comprises the following components by weight: 95-105 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-18 parts of a cold resistant flexibilizer, 42-48 parts of a plasticizer, 15-25 parts of a filler, 2-5 parts of a stabilizer, 1-2.5 parts of a lubricant and 0.5-1.2 parts of an antioxidant; the cold-resistant toughening agent is prepared from modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 according to the weight ratio of (3 to 7): 1. On the basis of an existing polyvinyl chloride cable material formula system, by introducing the specifically compounded cold-resistant toughening agent, the problem that polyvinyl chloride is poor in low-temperature resistance is solved, meanwhile, the anti-aging performance is excellent, the service life of a cable is prolonged, and therefore the use requirement of the cable in the low-temperature environment such as-60 DEG C is met; and the defects in the prior art are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cable polymer materials, in particular to a low-temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the cable industry, cable materials, as the core component of cables, have a performance that directly determines the performance and reliability of cables in various complex environments. With the rapid development of technology and the increasing demands for cable performance in various application scenarios, especially in extreme low-temperature environments such as aerospace, polar exploration, and infrastructure construction in cold and high-altitude areas, more stringent requirements are being placed on the low-temperature resistance of cable materials.

[0003] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a common and widely used polymer material for cables, has many advantages, such as relatively low cost, good insulation properties, and excellent processing properties, which make it an important player in the cable manufacturing industry. However, PVC itself has a significant drawback: its poor low-temperature resistance. In low-temperature environments, the mobility of the PVC molecular chains is significantly reduced, and the material gradually becomes hard and brittle, resulting in a significant decrease in its flexibility and impact resistance. This performance change can easily cause problems such as cracking and breaking of cables in low-temperature environments, seriously affecting the normal use of the cables and may even cause safety accidents, posing a huge risk to the operation of related projects and equipment.

[0004] To improve the low-temperature resistance of PVC cable materials, the industry has conducted a series of research efforts, achieving certain results. Currently, a common approach is to add additives such as plasticizers and toughening agents to PVC cable materials. However, existing plasticizers and toughening agents have limited effectiveness in improving low-temperature resistance, making it difficult to meet the demand for long-term, stable cable use in environments with temperatures of -60°C or even lower. Furthermore, while some additives improve low-temperature resistance, they may adversely affect other cable material properties, such as aging resistance. This can lead to accelerated aging and performance degradation over long-term cable use, shortening the cable's service life, increasing operating costs, and increasing maintenance difficulties.

[0005] Therefore, developing a low-temperature resistant cable material with excellent low-temperature resistance and good aging resistance to extend the service life of the cable has become a key issue that needs to be urgently solved in the current field of cable polymer material technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a low-temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a low-temperature-resistant cable material, which comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0008] polyvinyl chloride 95-105 parts, cold-resistant toughening agent 12-18 parts, plasticizer 42-48 parts, filler 15-25 parts, stabilizer 2-5 parts, lubricant 1-2.5 parts, and antioxidant 0.5-1.2 parts;

[0009] The cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of (3-7):1, wherein the modified nitrile rubber is obtained by treating nitrile rubber with low-temperature plasma;

[0010] The working condition parameters of the low-temperature plasma treatment include a discharge power of 40-55 W and a treatment time of 2-4 minutes.

[0011] Further, the low-temperature-resistant cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0012] polyvinyl chloride 100 parts, cold-resistant toughening agent 15 parts, plasticizer 45 parts, filler 20 parts, stabilizer 3.5 parts, lubricant 1.5 parts, and antioxidant 0.8 parts.

[0013] Further, the cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of 5.5:1.

[0014] Further, the working condition parameters of the low-temperature plasma treatment include a discharge power of 50 W and a treatment time of 3 minutes.

[0015] Further, the plasticizer comprises at least one of dioctyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate, and is preferably dioctyl sebacate.

[0016] Further, the filler comprises at least one of calcium carbonate and talc powder, and is preferably composed of calcium carbonate and talc powder in a weight ratio of 2:1.

[0017] Further, the stabilizer comprises a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, and is specifically a product MK-F6005 of Chengdu Maiko New Material Co., Ltd.

[0018] Further, the lubricant comprises at least one of polyethylene wax and paraffin wax, and is preferably polyethylene wax.

[0019] Further, the antioxidant comprises at least one of antioxidant B215 and antioxidant B225, and is preferably antioxidant B215.

[0020] In a second aspect, based on the same inventive concept, the present invention provides a method for preparing the low-temperature resistant cable material according to any one of the first aspects, the method for preparing the low-temperature resistant cable material comprising the following steps:

[0021] Adding the components of the low-temperature resistant cable material into a kneader and kneading them to obtain a pre-compound;

[0022] The premix is ​​added into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and mixing, and then granulated and cooled using a single-screw granulator to obtain the low-temperature resistant cable material.

[0023] The above technical solution provided by the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0024] The embodiment of the present invention provides a low-temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. Based on the existing polyvinyl chloride cable material formula system, the present invention introduces a specifically compounded cold-resistant toughening agent. The modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 have good compatibility with polyvinyl chloride and can be uniformly dispersed in the polyvinyl chloride matrix, thereby improving the mobility of the polyvinyl chloride molecular chain and lowering the glass transition temperature of the material, so that the material can still maintain good flexibility and impact resistance at low temperatures. At the same time, the interaction between the two and the polyvinyl chloride molecular chain can enhance the cohesion of the material and improve the strength and toughness of the material, thereby solving the problem of poor low-temperature resistance of polyvinyl chloride. At the same time, the material has excellent aging resistance and extends the service life of the cable, thereby meeting the use requirements of the cable in low-temperature environments such as -60°C, and making up for the shortcomings of the existing technology. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] Unless otherwise specified, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be purchased from the market or prepared by existing methods.

[0027] The main polymer raw materials involved in the present invention are as follows:

[0028] Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is a thermoplastic polymer produced by free radical polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer (VCM). Specifically, commercially available products such as PVC resin with a degree of polymerization of 2500, 1300, 3000, and SG3 PVC resin can be directly selected. SG3 PVC resin is used as an example in the subsequent embodiments and comparative examples.

[0029] Nitrile rubber (NBR) is a copolymer synthesized by acrylonitrile (ACN) and butadiene (BD) through low-temperature emulsion polymerization. The polar cyano group (-CN) in its molecular structure gives it unique properties. In the subsequent examples and comparative examples, nitrile rubber powder with product model 3003 of Xinrui New Materials is selected for illustration.

[0030] Elvaloy 4924 is a polyvinyl chloride modifier produced by DowDuPont DOW, and its product model is Elvaloy 4924.

[0031] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are intended to illustrate the present invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods in the following examples where specific conditions are not specified are generally measured in accordance with national standards. If there are no corresponding national standards, then the methods are carried out in accordance with general international standards, conventional conditions, or the conditions recommended by the manufacturer.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] This example provides a low-temperature resistant cable material, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0034] 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of cold-resistant toughening agent, 45 parts of plasticizer, 20 parts of filler, 3.5 parts of stabilizer, 1.5 parts of lubricant and 0.8 parts of antioxidant;

[0035] The cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of 5.5:1;

[0036] The preparation method of the modified nitrile rubber comprises the following steps: placing nitrile rubber powder in a cavity of a low-temperature plasma treatment device, evacuating the cavity, and introducing a mixed gas consisting of nitrogen and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1 at a gas flow rate of 70 cm 3 / min and a power supply of 50W for 3 minutes to obtain a modified nitrile rubber;

[0037] The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate, the filler is composed of 2:1 2500 mesh calcium carbonate and 2500 mesh talc, the stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, specifically selected from the product type MK-F6005 of Chengdu Maiko New Material Co., Ltd., the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the antioxidant is antioxidant B215.

[0038] The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant cable material includes the following steps:

[0039] The components in the low-temperature-resistant cable material are added to a kneader, stirred at 80°C for 5 minutes to preliminarily mix the components, then the temperature is raised to 110°C and the components are kneaded at a stirring speed for 10 minutes to obtain a pre-mixture;

[0040] The pre-mixture is added to a double-screw extruder and extruded and mixed at 180°C for 10 minutes, and then a single-screw granulator is used to granulate and cool under the conditions of 125°C and an extrusion compression ratio of 6:1 to obtain the low-temperature-resistant cable material.

[0041] Example 2

[0042] The low-temperature-resistant cable material provided in this example includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0043] 95 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12 parts of cold-resistant toughening agent, 42 parts of plasticizer, 15 parts of filler, 2 parts of stabilizer, 1 part of lubricant, and 0.5 part of antioxidant;

[0044] The cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of 3:1 modified butyl nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 by weight;

[0045] The preparation method of the modified butyl nitrile rubber includes the following process: butyl nitrile rubber powder is placed in the cavity of a low-temperature plasma treatment device, vacuum is applied, and when the vacuum degree of the cavity reaches below 10 Pa, a mixed gas composed of 3:1 nitrogen and oxygen by volume is introduced, and the low-temperature plasma modification treatment is carried out under the conditions of a gas flow of 70 cm 3 / min and a power of 40 W for 2 minutes to obtain modified butyl nitrile rubber;

[0046] The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate, the filler is composed of 2:1 2500 mesh calcium carbonate and 2500 mesh talc, the stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, specifically selected from the product type MK-F6005 of Chengdu Maiko New Material Co., Ltd., the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the antioxidant is antioxidant B215.

[0047] The preparation method of the low-temperature-resistant cable material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0048] Example 3

[0049] This example provides a low-temperature resistant cable material, which includes the following components in parts by weight:

[0050] 105 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 18 parts of cold-resistant toughening agent, 48 parts of plasticizer, 25 parts of filler, 5 parts of stabilizer, 2.5 parts of lubricant and 1.2 parts of antioxidant;

[0051] The cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of 7:1;

[0052] The preparation method of the modified nitrile rubber comprises the following steps: placing nitrile rubber powder in a cavity of a low-temperature plasma treatment device, evacuating the cavity, and introducing a mixed gas consisting of nitrogen and oxygen in a volume ratio of 3:1 at a gas flow rate of 70 cm 3 / min and a power supply of 55W for 4 minutes to obtain a modified nitrile rubber;

[0053] The plasticizer is dioctyl sebacate, the filler is 2500 mesh talc, the stabilizer is a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer, specifically the product model MK-F6005 selected from Chengdu Maike New Materials Co., Ltd., the lubricant is polyethylene wax, and the antioxidant is antioxidant B225.

[0054] The preparation method of the above-mentioned low-temperature resistant cable material is the same as that in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 1

[0056] This example provides a low-temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. The only difference from Example 1 is that the cold-resistant toughening agent is composed only of modified nitrile rubber (i.e., Elvaloy 4924 is not added to the cold-resistant toughening agent); the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0057] Comparative Example 2

[0058] This example provides a low-temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. The only difference from Example 1 is that the cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of 5.5:4 (that is, the proportion of Elvaloy 4924 in the cold-resistant toughening agent is too large); the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0059] Comparative Example 3

[0060] This example provides a low-temperature resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof. The only difference from Example 1 is that the nitrile rubber is not treated with low-temperature plasma; the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0061] Comparative Example 4

[0062] The example provides a low-temperature-resistant cable material and a preparation method thereof, and the difference from the example 1 is only that the Elvaloy 4924 is adjusted to Elvaloy 741; the remaining steps and parameters are the same.

[0063] Test example 1

[0064] The low-temperature-resistant cable materials obtained in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4 are tested for low-temperature-resistant performance according to the existing test standards and methods such as GB / T 5470-2008, and the specific test results are shown in Table 1.

[0065] Table 1

[0066] Test samples Low temperature brittle temperature (℃) Example 1 -73 Example 2 -62 Example 3 -66 Comparative Example 1 -39 Comparative Example 2 -50 Comparative Example 3 -45 Comparative Example 4 -59

[0067] Test example 2

[0068] On the basis of the test example 1, the cable materials obtained in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-4 are further tested for aging-resistant performance under the aging condition of 110℃×168 hours, and the tensile strength retention rate (%) is calculated by the formula one: tensile strength retention rate (%) = M2 / M1×100%, M2 represents the tensile strength (MPa) retested after aging, and M1 represents the tensile strength (MPa) tested before aging; and the test results are shown in Table 2.

[0069] Table 2

[0070] Test samples Tensile strength retention (%) Example 1 96.1 Example 2 92.9 Example 3 94.6 Comparative Example 1 81.4 Comparative Example 2 85.2 Comparative Example 3 82.8 Comparative Example 4 87.3

[0071] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, compared with the comparative examples 1-4, the low-temperature-resistant performance and the aging-resistant performance of the cable materials provided by the examples 1-3 of the application are both better, the low-temperature embrittlement temperature is maintained between-61℃ and-73℃, and the excellent aging-resistant performance, and the performance test results such as the mechanical performance (tensile strength > 20MPa) also meet the performance requirements of the cable standards, and can meet the use requirements of the cable in the low-temperature environment such as-60℃.

[0072] Various embodiments of the application can exist in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is only for the convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a hard limitation on the scope of the application; therefore, it should be considered that the described range has been specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single values in the range. For example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., and single numbers in the range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, regardless of the range. In addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in this text, it means that any cited number (fraction or integer) in the indicated range is included.

[0073] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present invention, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is intended to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A low temperature resistant cable material, characterized in that: The low-temperature resistant cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95-105 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 12-18 parts of cold-resistant toughening agent, 42-48 parts of plasticizer, 15-25 parts of filler, 2-5 parts of stabilizer, 1-2.5 parts of lubricant and 0.5-1.2 parts of antioxidant; The cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of (3-7):1, wherein the modified nitrile rubber is obtained by treating the nitrile rubber with low-temperature plasma; The working condition parameters of the low-temperature plasma treatment include: a discharge power of 40 to 55 W and a treatment time of 2 to 4 minutes.

2. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low-temperature resistant cable material comprises the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 15 parts of cold-resistant toughening agent, 45 parts of plasticizer, 20 parts of filler, 3.5 parts of stabilizer, 1.5 parts of lubricant and 0.8 parts of antioxidant.

3. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cold-resistant toughening agent is composed of modified nitrile rubber and Elvaloy 4924 in a weight ratio of 5.5:

1.

4. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working condition parameters of the low-temperature plasma treatment include: a discharge power of 50 W and a treatment time of 3 minutes.

5. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer includes at least one of dioctyl adipate and dioctyl sebacate.

6. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filler includes at least one of calcium carbonate and talc.

7. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stabilizer includes a calcium-zinc composite stabilizer.

8. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricant includes at least one of polyethylene wax and paraffin wax.

9. The low temperature resistant cable material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant includes at least one of antioxidant B215 and antioxidant B225.

10. A method for preparing a low-temperature resistant cable material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The preparation method of the low-temperature resistant cable material comprises the following steps: Adding the components of the low-temperature resistant cable material into a kneader and kneading them to obtain a pre-compound; The premix is ​​added into a twin-screw extruder for extrusion and mixing, and then granulated and cooled using a single-screw granulator to obtain the low-temperature resistant cable material.