Multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear imitating fiber and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-imitated fibers, and relates to the technical field of fibers. Modified polyolefin is melted and sprayed out through a centrifugal disc spray hole with a spray head assembly as a concentric shaft, meanwhile, polyethylene glycol terephthalate serves as a core layer raw material for co-spinning, core-shell structure fibers are formed, and the tensile strength and wear resistance of the fibers are improved; the core layer forms a porous structure through freeze drying, and the polar bear hair imitating cold resisting effect is achieved. And the modified polyolefin is prepared by co-polymerizing 2, 3-dibenzyl-1, 3-butadiene, bis (2-methylallyl) carbonate and allylurea, has a curled molecular structure, prevents water vapor from permeating, realizes a cold protection effect, and indirectly improves the thermal insulation effect, mechanical strength and wear resistance of the fiber. The fiber is in a hollow porous form, has an appearance structure imitating polar bear hair, and has the characteristics of heat preservation, light absorption and heating, temperature locking, hydrophobicity and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of fibers, in particular to a multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the continuous development of economic society and industrial technology, the pace of human exploration of unknown fields is accelerating, and it is no longer satisfied with only being active in a moderate environment, which puts forward higher and higher requirements on the performance of related materials. Preparing new materials with excellent performance, such as lightweight high-strength high-toughness structural materials, load-bearing or heat-insulating materials that maintain performance stability in extreme high-temperature or low-temperature environments, and fatigue-resistant materials under long-term load or cyclic strain, are the goals that researchers in the field of materials have been pursuing. However, due to the complexity of the preparation process, the harsh preparation conditions, and the difficulty in obtaining raw materials, the synthesis and preparation of materials with high performance have always been one of the research focuses and difficulties in the field of materials science.

[0003] Polar bear hair, as a kind of animal hair with special hollow porous structure, has been the object of research and imitation by researchers in the field of materials science. By imitating the characteristics of polar bear hair and fur, researchers have prepared polar bear-like fibers, aerogels, and solar radiation collection devices using different methods, which play an important role in heat insulation, energy collection, and other fields. However, the current manufacturing process of polar bear-like fibers focuses more on the imitation of their microstructure, such as constructing similar hollow fiber morphology through various methods to effectively trap air and enhance the warmth retention effect. However, this focus on structural imitation often ignores the relationship between the inherent properties of the fiber material and its wear resistance. In daily use and some special application scenarios, fabrics are inevitably subjected to friction. Due to its relatively loose structure and the possible sacrifice of strength in the selection of materials for the pursuit of warmth, polar bear-like fibers are prone to wear, fuzzing, and even breaking on the surface during repeated friction. This wear-resistant property not only affects the appearance integrity of the fabric, making it lose its original beauty and texture, but more importantly, it gradually damages the structure of the fiber, thereby leading to a decrease in warmth retention performance. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application relates to the technical field of fibers, in particular to a multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber and a preparation method thereof.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber, comprising the following preparation steps: (1) Under the protection of nitrogen, 10-20 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 13-21 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 18-32 parts of allyl urea, 65-175 parts of tetrahydrofuran are uniformly mixed, 0.8-1.4 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst is added, and the reaction is carried out at 40-60°C and 100 rpm for 16-24 hours. After the reaction is completed, air is connected, the temperature is lowered to 20°C, the solid is filtered, washed with ethanol for 3 times, and placed in a 30-40°C oven for drying for 10-18 hours to prepare the modified polyolefin; (2) 45-65 parts of the modified polyolefin, 1-3 parts of the plasticizer, and 2-4 parts of the antioxidant are uniformly mixed, and are extruded and cut into particles after mixing, with a material head temperature of 120-150°C, a screw rotation speed of 180-220 r / min, an extrusion pressure of 7-11 MPa, and a shear rate of 130-210 s -1 , to prepare the modified polyolefin particles; (3) The modified polyolefin particles are placed in a shell layer feeder of a spinning machine, and the core layer raw material is placed in a core layer feeder of the spinning machine. The two are jointly melted and sprayed through the nozzle of a centrifugal disc with a rotation speed of 2000-2500 rpm at different temperatures, and are freeze-dried. After drying is completed, nitrogen is introduced, the temperature and pressure are restored to normal, and cutting is performed to prepare the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-like fiber.

[0006] Further, the plasticizer in step (2) is any one or a mixture of multiple of cyclobutane ester, cyclohexane ester, polyoxyethylene ester, and dibutyl itaconate.

[0007] Further, the antioxidant in step (2) is any one or a mixture of multiple of antioxidant 1010, bisphenol A phosphite, and Irganox 168.

[0008] Further, the preparation step of the core layer raw material in step (3) is as follows: 10-20 parts of polyethylene terephthalate and 1-3 parts of graphene are mixed and cut into particles at 270-280°C, then soaked in 50-120 parts of dimethylformamide for 2-4 hours, and washed with deionized water for 3 times to prepare the core layer raw material.

[0009] Further, the molecular weight of the polyethylene terephthalate is 8000-10000.

[0010] Further, the different temperatures in step (3) are a core layer spinning screw temperature of 275-285°C and a shell layer spinning screw temperature of 160-170°C.

[0011] Further, the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material in step (3) is 1:(1.7-2.3).

[0012] Further, the freezing and drying step in step (3) is: cooling to -20~-40℃ at 5℃ / min, vacuumizing to -0.1~-0.08MPa, and maintaining for 20~40h.

[0013] Further, the diameter of the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-imitating fiber is 0.5~5μm.

[0014] Further, the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-imitating fiber is prepared according to any one of the above preparation methods.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following beneficial effects: The present application spins the modified polyolefin as the shell layer raw material and the polyethylene terephthalate as the core layer raw material together, melts and sprays them through the nozzle assembly into the centrifugal disc nozzle hole with concentric shafts to obtain the hollow fiber, arranges the fiber more regularly in space, more effectively transfers and disperses external force, and further enhances the wear resistance of the fiber, and the core and the shell material are combined through hydrogen bond to form connection, thereby improving the tensile strength of the fiber; and through freezing and drying, the core layer forms a porous structure, achieves the effect of imitating polar bear hair, can lock hot air in the cavity of the fiber, and store light energy, thereby realizing the heat preservation of the body and achieving the cold-protecting effect.

[0016] Secondly, the modified polyolefin is prepared by the common polymerization of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate and allyl urea, has a curled molecular structure, can prevent cold water vapor from penetrating into the skin, and thus plays a cold-protecting role; the 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene contains multiple rigid benzene rings, has good thermal stability, prevents the performance of the fiber from being reduced due to temperature fluctuation, and indirectly improves the cold-protecting effect and mechanical strength of the fiber; the ester group introduced by the bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate can interfere with the regular arrangement of the molecular chain of the fiber, reduce the crystallinity of the fiber, improve the softness of the fiber, reduce the roughness of the fiber surface, reduce the friction, and improve the wear resistance; the presence of the urea group in the allyl urea can enhance the interaction between the molecular chains of the fiber, and when the molecular structure around the urea group is subjected to friction, the molecular structure can disperse the friction force, prevent the molecular chains on the surface of the fiber from being easily cut or worn, and thus improve the wear resistance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the method provided by the present application, the following examples are used to illustrate the method in detail. The test methods of various indexes of the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear fiber prepared in the following examples are as follows: Thermal retention rate: the same weight of the examples and the comparative examples was taken to prepare the same specification of the composite fiber non-woven fabric (400 g / m 2 ) by the same process (hot rolling process), and the thermal retention rate was tested according to the standard GB / T 11048-1989, the standard state human body temperature was set to 36.7℃, and the constant temperature difference heat dissipation method was used to calculate the thermal retention rate by the computer.

[0019] Tensile strength: the same weight of the examples and the comparative examples was taken to prepare the same specification of the composite fiber non-woven fabric (400 g / m 2 ) by the same process (hot rolling process), and the tensile strength was tested on the universal tensile testing machine according to the standard ASTM D638; the tensile test rate was 45 mm / min.

[0020] Wear resistance: the same weight of the examples and the comparative examples was taken to prepare the same specification of the composite fiber non-woven fabric (400 g / m 2 ) by the same process (hot rolling process), and the wear resistance was tested by using the Martindale wear testing machine with a friction load mass of 797±7 g according to the standard GB / T 21196.2-2007, and the sample was continuously rubbed until it was worn out.

[0021] Light absorption and heat generation: the same weight of the examples and the comparative examples was taken to prepare the same specification of the composite fiber non-woven fabric (400 g / m 2 ) by the same process (hot rolling process), and the light absorption and heat generation were tested according to the standard GB / T 18319, and the test results were expressed by the average temperature rise value.

[0022] Hydrophobicity: the same weight of the examples and the comparative examples was taken to prepare the same specification of the composite fiber non-woven fabric (400 g / m 2 ) by the same process (hot rolling process), and a 3 μl deionized water drop was slowly dropped on the surface of the sample. Once the water drop contacted the fabric, the movement of the water drop was recorded by a camera, and the water contact angle was measured by a water contact angle measuring instrument, and the test was repeated three times to take the average value.

[0023] Example 1: (1) 10 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 13 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 18 parts of allyl urea, and 65 parts of tetrahydrofuran were uniformly mixed, 0.8 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst was added, and the mixture was reacted at 40℃ and 100 rpm for 16 h. After the reaction was completed, air was connected, the temperature was lowered to 20℃, and the solid was filtered and washed with ethanol for 3 times. Then, the solid was dried in a 30℃ oven for 10 h to obtain the modified polyolefin. (2) 45 parts of the modified polyolefin, 1 part of cyclohexane ester, 2 parts of antioxidant 1010 were uniformly mixed, and were mixed and extruded to be cut into particles, with a material head temperature of 120°C, a screw rotation speed of 180 r / min, an extrusion pressure of 7 MPa, and a shear rate of 130 s -1 , to obtain modified polyolefin particles; (3) After 10 parts of polyethylene terephthalate with a molecular weight of 8000 and 1 part of graphene were mixed and cut into particles at 270°C, they were soaked in 50 parts of dimethylformamide for 2 h, and then washed with deionized water for 3 times, to obtain a core layer raw material; (4) The modified polyolefin particles were placed in a shell layer feeder of a spinning machine, and the core layer raw material was placed in a core layer feeder of the spinning machine, wherein the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material was 1:1.7, and the core layer spinning screw temperature was 275°C and the shell layer spinning screw temperature was 160°C, and the particles were jointly melted and sprayed through the nozzle of a centrifugal disc with a rotation speed of 2000 rpm, and then cooled to -20°C at a rate of 5°C / min, and then vacuumized to -0.1 MPa for 20 h, and then dried, and then nitrogen was introduced to restore to normal temperature and pressure, and then cut off, to obtain multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fibers; the diameter of the multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fibers was 0.5 μm.

[0024] Example 2: (1) Under the protection of nitrogen, 15 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 17 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 25 parts of allyl urea, and 120 parts of tetrahydrofuran were uniformly mixed, 1.1 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst was added, and the mixture was reacted at 50°C and 100 rpm for 20 h, then air was introduced, the temperature was lowered to 20°C, the solid was filtered, washed with ethanol for 3 times, and then dried in an oven at 35°C for 14 h, to obtain modified polyolefin; (2) 55 parts of the modified polyolefin, 5 parts of polyoxyethylene ester, and 3 parts of bisphenol A phosphite were uniformly mixed, and were mixed and extruded to be cut into particles, with a material head temperature of 135°C, a screw rotation speed of 200 r / min, an extrusion pressure of 9 MPa, and a shear rate of 170 s -1 , to obtain modified polyolefin particles; (3) After 15 parts of polyethylene terephthalate with a molecular weight of 9000 and 2 parts of graphene were mixed and cut into particles at 275°C, they were soaked in 85 parts of dimethylformamide for 3 h, and then washed with deionized water for 3 times, to obtain a core layer raw material; (4) the modified polyolefin particles are placed in a shell layer feeder of a spinning machine, the core layer raw material is placed in a core layer feeder of the spinning machine, wherein the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material is 1:2, the core layer spinning screw temperature is 280°C, the shell layer spinning screw temperature is 165°C, the centrifugal disc nozzle is sprayed at a rotation speed of 2250 rpm, the temperature is lowered to -30°C at a rate of 5°C / min, the vacuum degree is -0.09 MPa, the drying is continued for 30 h, nitrogen is introduced after the drying is completed, the temperature and pressure are returned to normal, and the multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber is obtained; the diameter of the multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber is 2.75 μm.

[0025] Example 3: (1) 20 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 21 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 32 parts of allyl urea, 175 parts of tetrahydrofuran are uniformly mixed, 1.4 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst is added, and the mixture is reacted at 60°C and 100 rpm for 24 h. After the reaction is completed, air is connected, the temperature is lowered to 20°C, the solid is filtered, washed with ethanol for 3 times, and placed in a 40°C oven for drying for 18 h to obtain a modified polyolefin; (2) 65 parts of the modified polyolefin, 3 parts of dibutyl itaconate, and 2 parts of Irganox 168 are uniformly mixed, and are extruded and cut into particles by mixing, wherein the material head temperature is 150°C, the screw rotation speed is 220 r / min, the extrusion pressure is 11 MPa, and the shear rate is 210 s -1 ; and a modified polyolefin particle is obtained; (3) 20 parts of polyethylene terephthalate with a molecular weight of 10000 and 3 parts of graphene are mixed and cut into particles at 280°C, then soaked in 120 parts of dimethylformamide for 4 h, and washed with deionized water for 3 times to obtain a core layer raw material; (4) the modified polyolefin particles are placed in a shell layer feeder of a spinning machine, the core layer raw material is placed in a core layer feeder of the spinning machine, wherein the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material is 1:2.3, the core layer spinning screw temperature is 285°C, the shell layer spinning screw temperature is 170°C, the centrifugal disc nozzle is sprayed at a rotation speed of 2500 rpm, the temperature is lowered to -40°C at a rate of 5°C / min, the vacuum degree is -0.08 MPa, the drying is continued for 40 h, nitrogen is introduced after the drying is completed, the temperature and pressure are returned to normal, and the multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber is obtained; the diameter of the multifunctional cold-keeping polar bear-like fiber is 5 μm.

[0026] Comparative Example 1: Comparative Example 1 differs from Example 2 in that there is no centrifugal disc nozzle, specifically step (4) is changed to: the modified polyolefin particles are placed in the shell layer feeder of the spinning machine, and the core layer raw material is placed in the core layer feeder of the spinning machine, wherein the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material is 1:2, and the core layer spinning screw temperature is 280°C and the shell layer spinning screw temperature is 165°C, and the modified polyolefin particles and the core layer raw material are jointly melt sprayed, the temperature is lowered to -30°C at a rate of 5°C / min, vacuum is drawn to a degree of -0.09 MPa, and the drying is continued for 30 h, after the drying is completed, nitrogen is introduced, and the temperature and pressure are returned to normal, and the product is cut off to obtain a multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-like fiber; the diameter of the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-like fiber is 2.75 μm. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 2.

[0027] Comparative Example 2: Comparative Example 2 differs from Example 2 in that no freeze drying is performed, specifically step (4) is changed to: the modified polyolefin particles are placed in the shell layer feeder of the spinning machine, and the core layer raw material is placed in the core layer feeder of the spinning machine, wherein the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material is 1:2, and the core layer spinning screw temperature is 280°C and the shell layer spinning screw temperature is 165°C, and the modified polyolefin particles and the core layer raw material are jointly melt sprayed through the centrifugal disc nozzle at a rotation speed of 2250 rpm, and the product is cut off after being naturally cooled to room temperature to obtain a multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-like fiber; the diameter of the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-like fiber is 2.75 μm. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 2.

[0028] Comparative Example 3: Comparative Example 3 differs from Example 2 in that step (1) is different, and step (1) is changed to: under the protection of nitrogen, 17 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 25 parts of allyl urea, and 120 parts of tetrahydrofuran are uniformly mixed, 1.1 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst is added, and the reaction is carried out at 50°C and 100 rpm for 20 h, after the reaction is completed, air is introduced, the temperature is lowered to 20°C, the solid is filtered, washed with ethanol for 3 times, and placed in a 35°C oven for drying for 14 h to obtain a modified polyolefin. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 2.

[0029] Comparative Example 4: Comparative Example 4 differs from Example 2 in that step (1) is different, and step (1) is changed to: under the protection of nitrogen, 15 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 25 parts of allyl urea, and 120 parts of tetrahydrofuran are uniformly mixed, 1.1 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst is added, and the reaction is carried out at 50°C and 100 rpm for 20 h, after the reaction is completed, air is introduced, the temperature is lowered to 20°C, the solid is filtered, washed with ethanol for 3 times, and placed in a 35°C oven for drying for 14 h to obtain a modified polyolefin. The remaining steps are the same as those of Example 2.

[0030] Comparative Example 5: Comparative Example 5 differs from Example 2 in that Step (1) is changed to: under nitrogen protection, 15 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 17 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 120 parts of tetrahydrofuran are mixed uniformly, 1.1 parts of bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene) nickel catalyst is added, and the reaction is carried out at 50°C, 100 rpm for 20h. After the reaction is completed, air is connected, the temperature is lowered to 20°C, and the solid is filtered, washed with ethanol 3 times, and dried in a 35°C oven for 14h to obtain the modified polyolefin. The remaining steps are the same as Example 2.

[0031] Effect Example The performance analysis results of the multifunctional cold-protecting polar bear-like fibers using Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 of the present application are shown in Table 1 below.

[0032] Table 1

[0033] From the experimental data comparison of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 1, it can be found that the fibers are arranged more regularly in space by melt spinning under centrifugal action, thereby more effectively transmitting and dispersing external force, and enhancing the wear resistance of the fibers. From the experimental data comparison of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 2, it can be found that the core layer forms a porous structure by freeze-drying, achieving the effect of polar bear-like fur, which can lock hot air in the cavity of the fiber and store light energy, achieving the effect of keeping the body warm and achieving the cold-protecting effect. From the experimental data comparison of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 3, it can be found that 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene contains multiple rigid benzene rings, which has good thermal stability, preventing the performance of the fiber from being reduced due to temperature fluctuations, and improving the warmth-keeping effect and mechanical strength of the fiber. From the experimental data comparison of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 4, it can be found that the ester group introduced by bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate can interfere with the regular arrangement of the fiber molecular chain, reduce the crystallinity of the fiber, improve the softness of the fiber, and at the same time reduce the roughness of the fiber surface, reduce the friction, and improve the wear resistance. From the experimental data comparison of Examples 1, 2, 3 and Comparative Example 5, it can be found that the presence of urea group in allyl urea can enhance the interaction between the fiber molecular chains, and when subjected to friction, the molecular structure around the urea group can disperse the friction force, preventing the molecular chains on the surface of the fiber from being easily cut or worn, thereby improving the wear resistance.

[0034] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the application is not limited to the details of the above-exemplified embodiments and that the present application can be implemented in other particular forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present application. The embodiments should therefore be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the application being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the above description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. No reference herein to any prior art is to be taken as an admission that the present application is not entitled to antedate such prior art by virtue of prior application. Any reference to the term "comprising" is to be construed in accordance with the definition of that term provided in the preamble to Article 69 of the European Patent Convention. Any reference to the term "comprising" is to be construed in accordance with the definition of that term provided in the preamble to Article 69 of the European Patent Convention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber, characterized in that: The method comprises the following preparation steps: (1) Under nitrogen protection, 10-20 parts of 2,3-dibenzyl-1,3-butadiene, 13-21 parts of bis(2-methylallyl) carbonate, 18-32 parts of allyl urea, and 65-175 parts of tetrahydrofuran were mixed uniformly, 0.8-1.4 parts of catalyst were added, and the mixture was reacted at 40-60°C for 16-24 hours. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was opened to air, cooled to 20°C, and the solid was filtered, washed with ethanol three times, and dried in an oven at 30-40°C for 10-18 hours to obtain a modified polyolefin; (2) 45-65 parts of modified polyolefin, 1-3 parts of plasticizer, and 2-4 parts of antioxidant are mixed evenly, and then extruded and pelletized at a head temperature of 120-150°C, a screw speed of 180-220 r / min, an extrusion pressure of 7-11 MPa, and a shear rate of 130-210 s -1 , obtaining modified polyolefin particles; (3) The modified polyolefin particles are placed in the shell layer feeder of the spinning machine, and the core layer raw materials are placed in the core layer feeder of the spinning machine. They are melted and sprayed together through the nozzle of the centrifugal disk with a rotation speed of 2000~2500rpm at different temperatures, and freeze-dried. After drying, nitrogen is introduced, and the temperature is restored to normal temperature and pressure, and then cut to obtain a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber.

2. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The catalyst in step (1) is bis(1,5-cyclooctadiene)nickel.

3. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plasticizer in step (2) is a mixture of any one or more of cyclobutane ester, cyclohexane ester, polyethylene oxide, and dibutyl itaconate.

4. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antioxidant in step (2) is a mixture of any one or more of antioxidant 1010, bisphenol A phosphite, and Irganox 168.

5. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the core layer raw material in step (3) are as follows: 10-20 parts of polyethylene terephthalate and 1-3 parts of graphene are mixed and pelletized at 270-280°C, and then immersed in 50-120 parts of dimethylformamide for 2-4 hours, and washed with deionized water three times to obtain the core layer raw material.

6. The method for preparing the multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The molecular weight of the polyethylene terephthalate is 8000-10000.

7. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The different temperatures in step (3) are 275-285°C for the core layer spinning screw and 160-170°C for the shell layer spinning screw.

8. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (3), the volume ratio of the modified polyolefin particles to the core layer raw material is 1:(1.7~2.3).

9. The method for preparing a multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freeze-drying step in step (3) is as follows: cooling to -20~-40°C at 5°C / min, evacuating to a vacuum degree of -0.1~-0.08MPa, and continuing for 20~40h.

10. The method for preparing the multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber is 0.5-5 μm.

11. The method for preparing the multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The modified polyolefin particles include the following components in parts by mass: 45 to 65 parts of modified polyolefin, 1 to 3 parts of plasticizer, and 2 to 4 parts of antioxidant.

12. The method for preparing the multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core layer raw materials are calculated by weight The invention comprises the following components: 10 to 20 parts of polyethylene terephthalate and 1 to 3 parts of graphene.

13. The multifunctional cold-resistant polar bear-like fiber prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The fiber is prepared by placing modified polyolefin particles in a shell layer feeder of a spinning machine, placing core layer raw materials in a core layer feeder of the spinning machine, and melting and spraying them together through the spray holes of a centrifugal disk.

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