Contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drilling tool for moon-based extreme environment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of space resource development and rock breaking, and provides a contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drilling tool for a moon-based extreme environment, which comprises a drill bit, a drill rod, a base, a laser transmitter and a rotary driving device, the bottom of the base is fixedly connected with a rotary driving device, and a laser transmitter is mounted above the base; the bottom of a rotating shaft of the rotary driving device is connected with a drill rod; the rotating shaft, the drill rod and the drill bit are all of hollow structures, and the hollow part of the drill rod is a guide hole; and laser emitted by the laser emitter sequentially penetrates through the rotating shaft, the drill rod and the drill bit, so that the function of laser-assisted rock breaking is achieved. Cooperative cooperation of laser-assisted rock breaking and drilling tool rotation is achieved, and energy consumption can be reduced through periodic laser emission; laser directly acts on a rock breaking area, lunar rock can be effectively softened, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit is improved; the whole structure is compact, and the operation requirement under the moon-based extreme environment is met.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of space resource development and rock breaking, and particularly relates to a contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drill for a lunar base extreme environment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Due to the influence of the extreme lunar surface environment, the breaking and drilling of lunar rock have long faced significant challenges. The lunar surface has typical characteristics such as vacuum, strong radiation, and large temperature difference, which seriously restrict the performance stability and sampling efficiency of traditional mechanical drills.

[0003] The existing mechanical drills generally have the following problems: 1) the drill is difficult to advance in high-strength rock and is severely worn, resulting in a short service life; 2) the drilling pressure is limited, especially in a low-gravity environment, making it difficult to form an effective thrust force; 3) the overall structure is complex and large in size, which is not conducive to transportation and deployment in lunar missions; and 4) the drilling strategy cannot be intelligently adapted to different lithology, resulting in low sampling efficiency and high energy consumption.

[0004] With the continuous advancement of human deep space exploration and lunar base construction, the task of large-scale infrastructure construction on the lunar surface is gradually increasing, such as lunar soil road paving, cabin foundation excavation, and shelter structure construction. These projects often face the problem of hard and dense original lunar rock, which is difficult to break with conventional methods. The existing lunar operation equipment is mainly mechanical rock breaking equipment, which is limited by factors such as vacuum, low gravity, large temperature difference, and dust, resulting in extremely low rock breaking efficiency, especially in handling large lunar rocks.

[0005] Laser-assisted rock breaking technology, as a new energy input method, has the advantages of non-contact, high concentration, and strong controllability, which can effectively reduce mechanical load and improve the breaking path. However, the current laser system is an independent device and has not been integrated with the mechanical drill, which cannot meet the requirements of space limitation and continuous operation in lunar base construction. SUMMARY

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drill for a lunar base extreme environment to solve the problems in the prior art. The technical solution adopted by the present application is as follows: A contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drill for a lunar base extreme environment, comprising a drill bit, a drill rod, a base, a laser emitter, and a rotary drive device. The bottom of the base is fixedly connected to the rotary drive device, and the laser emitter is installed above the base. The rotary shaft of the rotary drive device is connected to the bottom of the drill rod, and the drill rod is fixedly connected to the drill bit at the bottom. The rotating shaft, the drill pipe and the drill bit are hollow structures, and the hollow part of the drill pipe is a guide hole; the laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the rotating shaft, the drill pipe and the drill bit in sequence to realize the function of laser-assisted rock breaking. The top of the drill pipe is provided with a contact trigger mechanism, which is used to make the laser emitter emit laser once when the drill pipe and the rotating shaft rotate one round.

[0007] Further, the contact trigger mechanism comprises a conductive pin and a rotating ring; the rotating ring is sleeved on the bottom of the rotating shaft; the rotating ring is fixedly connected to the top of the drill pipe and the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft; the top of the drill pipe is provided with a positioning hole for inserting the rotating shaft; The outer side surface of the rotating ring is fixedly connected with a conductive arc-shaped sheet and an insulating arc-shaped sheet; the conductive arc-shaped sheet and the insulating arc-shaped sheet jointly form a ring structure sleeved on the rotating ring, and the conductive pin abuts against the outer side surface of the ring structure; the conductive pin is fixedly connected with a first lead wire, and the conductive arc-shaped sheet is connected with a second lead wire; The first lead wire and the second lead wire are connected with a detection power supply to form an electric circuit, and a sensor for detecting whether the electric circuit is connected is arranged on the electric circuit; when the electric circuit is connected, the laser emitter emits laser once.

[0008] Further, the contact trigger mechanism further comprises a front end plate and a fixed ring plate; The bottom of the rotating drive device is fixedly connected with the front end plate, the rotating shaft can rotate through the front end plate, the front end plate is provided with a downwardly-opened groove, the bottom of the front end plate is detachably connected with the fixed ring plate, the fixed ring plate is sleeved on the drill pipe, a containing cavity is formed between the groove of the front end plate and the fixed ring plate, and the rotating ring is arranged in the containing cavity; The top of the fixed ring plate is provided with an annular groove, the annular groove is coaxially arranged with the rotating ring, a conductive ring is arranged in the annular groove, and the ring structure of the conductive arc-shaped sheet and the insulating arc-shaped sheet contacts the top of the conductive ring; the conductive ring is fixedly connected with the second lead wire; The top of the fixed ring plate is provided with an adjusting bolt, and the adjusting bolt abuts against the conductive ring to adjust the height of the conductive ring.

[0009] Further, the outer side surface of the front end plate is provided with a radial hole communicating with the containing cavity, one end of a shell is fixedly connected with the radial hole, the conductive pin is slidably arranged in the shell, an elastic member abutting against the conductive pin is arranged in the shell, and the first lead wire penetrates out of the shell.

[0010] Further, the rotating shaft top part penetrates through the base, the rotating shaft top part is provided with a T-shaped part, the T-shaped part is rotatably connected with a base, the laser emitter is mounted on a fixed seat, the bottom of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the base, and the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the base through a support; The fixed seat is provided with a center hole in the emission direction of the laser emitter, the base is provided with an intermediate hole communicating with the center hole, and the center hole, the intermediate hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft are coaxially arranged, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter passes through the center hole, the intermediate hole and the rotating shaft in sequence.

[0011] Further, the base is fixedly connected with a bearing seat, the bearing seat is mounted with a gas supply device, the bearing seat is provided with a gas cavity, and the output end of the gas supply device communicates with the gas cavity; one end of a gas pipe is fixedly connected with the side of the bearing seat, and the gas pipe communicates with the gas cavity; The side of the base is provided with a connecting hole communicating with the intermediate hole, the connecting hole is fixedly connected with a connecting head at the opening, the connecting head is fixedly connected with the gas pipe, the gas pipe communicates with the connecting hole, a sliding pin is slidably arranged in the connecting hole, the sliding pin is connected with the connecting head through a spring, the sliding pin is provided with a flow guide hole, the flow guide hole is in the shape of "L" and comprises a horizontal part and a vertical part, the gas supply device is used for outputting gas into the gas pipe, the gas enters the connecting hole through the gas pipe and pushes the sliding pin to slide, when the sliding pin slides to the vertical part and is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft, the gas enters the guide hole downward through the hollow part of the rotating shaft to realize the function of cleaning and guiding the guide hole.

[0012] Further, the drill bit is a hollow structure, the hollow part is coaxially arranged with the guide hole, the bottom of the drill bit is provided with a groove, the end face of the groove is fixedly connected with a cutting tooth, the groove is provided with a mounting block, the bottom of the mounting block is provided with a cover plate, the cover plate is flush with the bottom of the drill bit, the cover plate is detachably connected with the drill bit, the mounting block is provided with a through hole coaxial with the guide hole, and the emitting end and the receiving end of a photoelectric sensor are fixedly arranged on the inner walls on both sides of the through hole.

[0013] Further, the cover plate is provided with an output hole coaxial with the through hole, and the output hole is a tapered hole with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part.

[0014] The application has the following beneficial effects: the application realizes the cooperative matching of laser-assisted rock breaking and drill rotation, the periodic emission of the laser can reduce energy consumption, the laser directly acts on the rock breaking area, can effectively soften the moon rock and improve the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit, and the overall structure is compact and suitable for operation requirements in the extreme environment of the moon base. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 is the overall structural diagram of the present application; Figure 2 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of A in FIG. 1; Figure 3 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of B in FIG. 1; Figure 4 is a schematic view of the cooperation relationship between the conductive arc-shaped sheet and the insulating arc-shaped sheet; Figure 5 is Figure 1 is an enlarged schematic view of C in FIG. 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Figures 1-5 It is obvious that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments of the present application. If not specifically indicated, the technical means used in the embodiments are conventional means familiar to those skilled in the art.

[0017] As Figure 1 A contact type laser-assisted rock breaking drill for lunar base extreme environment, comprising a drill bit 1, a drill rod 2, a base 3, a laser emitter 5 and a rotary drive device 9. The bottom of the base 3 is fixedly connected with the rotary drive device 9, and the laser emitter 5 is installed above the base 3; the rotary shaft 901 of the rotary drive device 9 is connected with the drill rod 2 at the bottom, and the drill rod 2 is fixedly connected with the drill bit 1 at the bottom. The rotary shaft 901, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 1 are all hollow structures, and the hollow part of the drill rod 2 is a guide hole 201; the laser emitted by the laser emitter 5 passes through the rotary shaft 901, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 1 in sequence to realize the function of laser-assisted rock breaking. The top of the drill rod 2 is provided with a contact type trigger mechanism for triggering the laser emitter 5 to emit laser once when the drill rod 2 and the rotary shaft 901 rotate one round.

[0018] The rotating driving device 9 is prior art, such as a motor, a hydraulic motor, etc., the rotating shaft 901 is the core output component, which penetrates through the whole rotating driving device 9 and extends from both ends, and a corresponding rotor is arranged on the rotating shaft 901. In specific implementation, the rotating driving device 9 is started to drive the rotating shaft 901, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 1 to rotate synchronously; with the rotation of the drill rod 2 for one round, the contact trigger mechanism is triggered, and the laser emitter 5 emits laser; the laser passes through the guide hole 201 of the rotating shaft 901, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 1 in turn and irradiates the surface of the moon rock to be broken, so that the mechanical drilling laser assisted rock breaking is realized; the drill rod 2 and the rotating shaft 901 rotate for one round, the contact trigger mechanism acts once, the laser emitter 5 emits laser once correspondingly, and the laser generated by the laser emitter 5 reaches the rock breaking area through the channel formed by the hollow structure of the rotating shaft 901, the drill rod 2 and the drill bit 1, so that the moon rock is softened by using the laser energy and the rock breaking difficulty is reduced; the laser assisted rock breaking and the rotation of the drilling tool are cooperated, the periodic emission of the laser can reduce the energy consumption, the laser directly acts on the rock breaking area, the moon rock can be effectively softened, and the rock breaking efficiency of the drill bit 1 is improved; the overall structure is compact, and the operation demand under the lunar base extreme environment can be met.

[0019] In addition, in specific implementation, the base 3 can be installed on a lifting device, and the lifting device can be a linear motor guide rail, a hydraulic cylinder or the like, so that the lifting of the base 3 is realized, and then the axial feeding of the whole drilling tool is realized.

[0020] As Figure 3 , Figure 4 The contact trigger mechanism comprises a conductive pin 6 and a rotating ring 8; the rotating ring 8 is sleeved at the bottom of the rotating shaft 901; the rotating ring 8 is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod 2 and the outer wall surface of the rotating shaft 901; the top of the drill rod 2 is provided with a positioning hole for inserting the rotating shaft 901; The outer side surface of the rotating ring 8 is fixedly connected with a conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 and an insulating arc-shaped sheet 802; the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 and the insulating arc-shaped sheet 802 jointly form a ring structure sleeved on the rotating ring 8, and the conductive pin 6 abuts against the outer side surface of the ring structure; the conductive pin 6 is fixedly connected with a first wire 602, and the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 is connected with a second wire 1004; The first wire 602 and the second wire 1004 are connected with a detection power supply to form an electric circuit, and a sensor for detecting whether the electric circuit is connected is arranged on the electric circuit; when the electric circuit is connected, the laser emitter 5 emits laser once.

[0021] When the drill rod 2 and the rotating shaft 901 rotate, they drive the rotating ring 8 to rotate synchronously, and the conductive arc piece 801 and the insulating arc piece 802 on the rotating ring 8 rotate with it. When the conductive arc piece 801 rotates to contact the conductive pin 6, the electrical circuit formed by the first wire 602, the conductive pin 6, the conductive arc piece 801, the second wire 1004, and the detection power supply is connected. After the sensor detects that the electrical circuit is connected, it triggers the laser emitter 5 to emit a laser. When the insulating arc piece 802 rotates to contact the conductive pin 6, the electrical circuit is disconnected, and the laser emitter 5 stops emitting. The detection power supply and sensor are both existing technology. The sensor can be a current sensor. The current sensor is connected to a PLC program controller. When it detects current in the electrical circuit, the PLC program controller issues a command to activate the laser emitter 5. The PLC program controller is also existing technology.

[0022] In the present invention, the rotating ring 8 rotates synchronously with the drill rod 2 and the rotating shaft 901, and the conductive arc piece 801 and the insulating arc piece 802 on its outer side contact the conductive pin 6 alternately; the conductive arc piece 801 is conductive and the insulating arc piece 802 is non-conductive, so the electrical circuit will be periodically switched on and off during the rotation; the sensor senses the on-off state of the electrical circuit, and then controls the emission and stop of the laser emitter 5, realizing the function of laser emission once when the drill rod 2 rotates one circle; the periodic emission of the laser is realized by combining mechanical contacts with circuits, and the structure is simple and reliable; the cooperation of the conductive arc piece 801 and the insulating arc piece 802 accurately controls the timing of laser emission, ensuring that the laser is emitted once when the drill bit 1 rotates one circle, thereby ensuring the effectiveness of laser-assisted rock breaking.

[0023] Furthermore, the contact-type trigger mechanism further includes a front end plate 7 and a fixed ring plate 10; The bottom of the rotary drive device 9 is fixedly connected to the front end plate 7, and the rotating shaft 901 rotatably passes through the front end plate 7. The front end plate 7 is provided with a groove with an opening facing downward. The bottom of the front end plate 7 is detachably connected to the fixed ring plate 10. The fixed ring plate 10 is sleeved on the drill rod 2. An accommodating cavity is formed between the groove of the front end plate 7 and the fixed ring plate 10, and the rotating ring 8 is disposed in the accommodating cavity. An annular groove is provided on the top of the fixed ring plate 10, and the annular groove is coaxially arranged with the rotating ring 8. A conductive ring 1001 is provided in the annular groove. The circular ring structure of the conductive arc piece 801 and the insulating arc piece 802 contacts the top of the conductive ring 1001. The conductive ring 1001 is fixedly connected to the second wire 1004. An adjusting bolt 1002 is provided on the top of the fixing ring plate 10 , and the adjusting bolt 1002 abuts against the conductive ring 1001 to adjust the height of the conductive ring 1001 .

[0024] When installing, the rotating ring 8 is placed in the accommodating cavity formed by the groove of the front end plate 7 and the fixed ring plate 10, so that the circular ring structure composed of the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 and the insulating arc-shaped sheet 802 on the rotating ring 8 is in contact with the top of the conductive ring 1001; the top of the conductive ring 1001 can be provided with a ring-shaped groove body accommodating the circular ring structure; by screwing the adjusting bolt 1002, the height of the conductive ring 1001 is adjusted to ensure that the conductive ring 1001 is in good contact with the circular ring structure; when the rotating ring 8 rotates, the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 is in contact with the conductive ring 1001, so that the electric circuit forms a passage through the conductive ring 1001 and the second lead wire 1004. The front end plate 7 and the fixed ring plate 10 jointly form the accommodating cavity, which provides installation space for the rotating ring 8 and limits the rotating ring 8; the conductive ring 1001 is in contact with the circular ring structure on the rotating ring 8, and connects the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 and the second lead wire 1004 as part of the electric circuit; the adjusting bolt 1002 can adjust the height of the conductive ring 1001 to ensure that the conductive ring 1001 is in close contact with the circular ring structure, and to ensure stable electric signal transmission. The central angle of the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 is much smaller than that of the insulating arc-shaped sheet 802. The accommodating cavity protects and limits the rotating ring 8, reducing the influence of dust and the like in the lunar base environment on the triggering mechanism; the height of the conductive ring 1001 is adjustable, which ensures the reliability of the electric circuit contact and improves the stability and service life of the triggering mechanism. In addition, a bearing 1003 can be further arranged between the top of the fixed ring plate 10 and the bottom of the rotating ring 8.

[0025] Further, a radial hole communicating with the accommodating cavity is arranged on the outer side of the front end plate 7, one end of a shell 601 is fixedly connected to the radial hole, the shell 601 is slidably arranged with the conductive pin 6, an elastic member 603 abutting against the conductive pin 6 is arranged in the shell 601, and the first lead wire 602 passes through the shell 601.

[0026] Under the elastic force of the elastic member 603, the conductive pin 6 always abuts against the circular ring structure on the rotating ring 8, and the first lead wire 602 passes through the elastic member 603 and the shell 601; when the rotating ring 8 rotates, the conductive arc-shaped sheet 801 and the insulating arc-shaped sheet 802 alternately pass through the end of the conductive pin 6, and keep contact with the circular ring structure; the elastic force of the elastic member 603 makes the conductive pin 6 tightly abut against the circular ring structure on the rotating ring 8; the elastic member 603 can be a rubber member or a spring member.

[0027] The shell 601, the fixed ring plate 10 and the front end plate 7 are preferably insulators, such as plastic, ceramic and the like.

[0028] As Figure 2The rotating shaft 901 top penetrates the base 3, and a T-shaped part is arranged on the top of the rotating shaft 901, which is rotatably connected to the base 503; the laser emitter 5 is mounted on the fixed seat 501, and the bottom of the fixed seat 501 is fixedly connected to the base 503; and the fixed seat 501 is fixedly connected to the base 3 through a support. A central hole 502 is arranged in the fixed seat 501, and the central hole 502 is located in the emission direction of the laser emitter 5; a middle hole is arranged on the base 503 and communicates with the central hole 502; the central hole 502, the middle hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 are coaxially arranged; and the laser emitted by the laser emitter 5 passes through the central hole 502, the middle hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 in sequence.

[0029] After the laser emitter 5 is started, the emitted laser enters the central hole 502 of the fixed seat 501 along the emission direction; the laser passes through the central hole 502 and enters the middle hole of the base 503, and then passes through the middle hole and enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901; the fixed seat 501 and the base 503 provide fixed support for the laser emitter 5, and the central hole 502, the middle hole and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 are coaxially arranged to form a channel for laser transmission.

[0030] Further, the base 3 is fixedly connected to a bearing seat 401, the bearing seat 401 is mounted with a gas supply device 4, the bearing seat 401 is provided with a gas cavity 402, and the output end of the gas supply device 4 communicates with the gas cavity 402; one end of a gas pipe 404 is fixedly connected to the side of the bearing seat 401, and the gas pipe 404 communicates with the gas cavity 402. A connecting hole is arranged on the side of the base 503, the connecting hole communicates with the middle hole, a connecting head 405 is fixedly connected to the opening of the connecting hole, the connecting head 405 is fixedly connected to the gas pipe 404, and the gas pipe 404 communicates with the connecting hole; a sliding pin 406 is slidably arranged in the connecting hole, the sliding pin 406 is connected to the connecting head 405 through a spring 408, the sliding pin 406 is provided with a flow guide hole 407, the flow guide hole 407 is in the shape of “L” and includes a horizontal part and a vertical part; the gas supply device 4 is used for outputting gas into the gas pipe 404, the gas enters the connecting hole through the gas pipe 404 and pushes the sliding pin 406 to slide, when the sliding pin 406 slides to the vertical part and is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, the gas enters the guide hole 201 downward through the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, so as to realize the function of cleaning and guiding the blockage of the guide hole 201.

[0031] When the bottom of the guide hole 201 is blocked, the gas supply device 4 is started, and the output gas enters the gas cavity 402 of the bearing seat 401; the gas enters the gas pipe 404 through the gas cavity 402, and then enters the connecting hole of the base 503 through the gas pipe 404 and the connecting head 405; the gas pushes the sliding pin 406 to slide in the connecting hole and stretch the spring 408; when the vertical part of the guide hole 407 of the sliding pin 406 is aligned with the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901, the gas enters the guide hole 201 through the guide hole 407 and the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 in sequence, and the blockage is cleaned; after the cleaning is completed, the gas supply device 4 is closed, and the sliding pin 406 is reset under the elastic force of the spring 408. In addition, during the cleaning, the entire drilling tool is preferably lifted to a certain height by the lifting device to improve the cleaning effect.

[0032] The connecting hole is a hole in the radial direction of the base 503; when the gas supply device 4 supplies gas, the sliding pin 406 moves horizontally to form a structure crossing the middle hole, and the sliding pin 406 forms a function of sealing the middle hole, so that the gas cannot affect the laser emitter 5 upward. The bottom surface and the end surface of the sliding pin 406 are respectively provided with the openings of the guide holes 407, so that the gas enters the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 downward.

[0033] In the present application, the gas supply device 4 provides high-pressure gas, which is transmitted to the connecting hole through channels such as the gas cavity 402 and the gas pipe 404; the gas pressure pushes the sliding pin 406 to slide, so that the guide hole 407 is communicated with the hollow part of the rotating shaft 901 to form a gas flow path; the high-pressure gas enters the guide hole 201 through the path, and the impact force of the gas is used to remove the blockage; the spring 408 drives the sliding pin 406 to reset after the gas pressure disappears, and the gas flow path is cut off; in the lunar base environment, the impact force affected by the gas pressure is sufficient to impact the blockage, so that the automatic cleaning function of the guide hole 201 is realized. The gas supply device 4 is preferably a gas tank, which is detachably connected with the bearing seat 401 through bolts, threads and the like, so as to facilitate replacement of the gas supply device 4. The gas pipe 404 can be provided with a corresponding valve 403.

[0034] As shown in the figure, Figure 5 , the drill bit 1 is a hollow structure, and the hollow part is coaxially arranged with the guide hole 201; a groove body is arranged at the bottom of the drill bit 1, and the groove body end face is fixedly connected with the cutting tooth 101; the groove body is provided with a mounting block 104; the bottom of the mounting block 104 is provided with a cover plate 102 which is flush with the bottom of the drill bit 1; the cover plate 102 is detachably connected with the drill bit 1 through bolts, threads and the like; the mounting block 104 is provided with a through hole coaxial with the guide hole 201; the emitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 of the photoelectric sensor are fixedly arranged on the inner wall surfaces on both sides of the through hole respectively; and the emitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 are used to detect whether the through hole is blocked.

[0035] Further, the cover plate 102 is provided with an output hole 103 coaxial with the through hole, the output hole 103 being a tapered hole with a wide upper part and a narrow lower part.

[0036] The photoelectric sensor is a prior art. During the operation of the drilling tool, the emitting end 11 of the photoelectric sensor continuously emits light signals, and the receiving end 12 receives the signals. When the through hole is not blocked, the receiving end 12 can normally receive the light signals. If the through hole is blocked by a blocking object, the receiving end 12 cannot receive the light signals, and the photoelectric sensor sends a blocking alarm. The gas supply device 4 is controlled to be started and the lifting device is raised by the PLC program controller. The through hole of the mounting block 104 is coaxial with the guide hole 201, and the laser can pass through the through hole to reach the rock breaking area. The emitting end 11 and the receiving end 12 of the photoelectric sensor are respectively located on both sides of the through hole, forming a light detection path. The cover plate 102 is flush with the bottom of the drill bit 1, does not affect the rock breaking operation of the drill bit 1, and is designed to be detachable, facilitating the maintenance of the mounting block 104 and the through hole. The bottom of the cutting tooth 101 forms a certain height, so that the output hole 103 is away from the rock, forming an anti-blocking structure. The tapered structure of the output hole 103 can converge the gas, improving the impact effect of the gas.

[0037] The above-described embodiments are only preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application. Without departing from the design spirit of the present application, various modifications, variations, modifications and replacements of the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for use in extreme lunar environments, characterized in that: It comprises a drill bit (1), a drill rod (2), a base (3), a laser emitter (5) and a rotary drive device (9); The bottom of the base (3) is fixedly connected to the rotary drive device (9), and the laser emitter (5) is installed above the base (3); the bottom of the rotating shaft (901) of the rotary drive device (9) is connected to the drill rod (2), and the bottom of the drill rod (2) is fixedly connected to the drill bit (1); The rotating shaft (901), the drill rod (2), and the drill bit (1) are all hollow structures, and the hollow portion of the drill rod (2) is a guide hole (201); the laser emitted by the laser emitter (5) passes through the rotating shaft (901), the drill rod (2), and the drill bit (1) in sequence to achieve the function of laser-assisted rock breaking; A contact-type trigger mechanism is installed on the top of the drill rod (2), which is used to cause the laser emitter (5) to emit laser light once when the drill rod (2) and the rotating shaft (901) rotate one circle.

2. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The contact-type trigger mechanism comprises a conductive pin (6) and a rotating ring (8); the rotating ring (8) is sleeved on the bottom of the rotating shaft (901); the rotating ring (8) is fixedly connected to the top of the drill rod (2) and the outer wall of the rotating shaft (901); a positioning hole for inserting the rotating shaft (901) is provided on the top of the drill rod (2); A conductive arc-shaped piece (801) and an insulating arc-shaped piece (802) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rotating ring (8); the conductive arc-shaped piece (801) and the insulating arc-shaped piece (802) together form a circular ring structure sleeved on the rotating ring (8), and the conductive pin (6) abuts against the outer side surface of the circular ring structure; the conductive pin (6) is fixedly connected to the first wire (602), and the conductive arc-shaped piece (801) is connected to the second wire (1004); The first wire (602) and the second wire (1004) are connected to a detection power supply to form an electrical circuit. A sensor for detecting whether the electrical circuit is connected is provided on the electrical circuit. When the electrical circuit is connected, the laser emitter (5) emits a laser once.

3. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 2, characterized in that: The contact-type trigger mechanism further includes a front end plate (7) and a fixed ring plate (10); The bottom of the rotary drive device (9) is fixedly connected to the front end plate (7), the rotary shaft (901) can rotatably pass through the front end plate (7), the front end plate (7) is provided with a groove with an opening facing downward, the bottom of the front end plate (7) is detachably connected to the fixed ring plate (10), the fixed ring plate (10) is sleeved on the drill rod (2), and an accommodating cavity is formed between the groove of the front end plate (7) and the fixed ring plate (10), and the rotary ring (8) is arranged in the accommodating cavity; An annular groove is provided on the top of the fixed ring plate (10), the annular groove being coaxially arranged with the rotating ring (8), a conductive ring (1001) being provided in the annular groove, and a circular ring structure of the conductive arc-shaped piece (801) and the insulating arc-shaped piece (802) contacting the top of the conductive ring (1001); the conductive ring (1001) is fixedly connected to the second wire (1004); An adjusting bolt (1002) is provided on the top of the fixed ring plate (10), and the adjusting bolt (1002) abuts against the conductive ring (1001) to adjust the height of the conductive ring (1001).

4. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A radial hole communicating with the accommodating cavity is provided on the outer surface of the front end plate (7), the radial hole being fixedly connected to one end of the shell (601), the shell (601) being slidably provided with the conductive pin (6), an elastic member (603) being provided inside the shell (601) for contacting the conductive pin (6), and the first conductive wire (602) passing through the shell (601).

5. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The top of the rotating shaft (901) passes through the base (3), a T-shaped portion is provided on the top of the rotating shaft (901), and the T-shaped portion is rotatably connected to the base (503), the laser emitter (5) is mounted on the fixed base (501), the bottom of the fixed base (501) is fixedly connected to the base (503), and the fixed base (501) is fixedly connected to the base (3) via a bracket; A center hole (502) is provided in the fixing seat (501), and the center hole (502) is located in the emission direction of the laser emitter (5); an intermediate hole connected to the center hole (502) is provided on the base (503), and the center hole (502), the intermediate hole, and the hollow portion of the rotating shaft (901) are coaxially arranged, and the laser emitted by the laser emitter (5) passes through the center hole (502), the intermediate hole, and the rotating shaft (901) in sequence.

6. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 5, characterized in that: The base (3) is fixedly connected to a bearing seat (401), an air supply device (4) is installed on the bearing seat (401), a gas cavity (402) is provided in the bearing seat (401), and an output end of the air supply device (4) is connected to the gas cavity (402); the side of the bearing seat (401) is fixedly connected to one end of an air pipe (404), and the air pipe (404) is connected to the gas cavity (402); A connecting hole is provided on the side of the base (503), the connecting hole is connected to the middle hole, a connecting head (405) is fixedly connected to the opening of the connecting hole, the connecting head (405) is fixedly connected to the air pipe (404), and the air pipe (404) is connected to the connecting hole; a sliding pin (406) is slidably provided in the connecting hole, the sliding pin (406) is connected to the connecting head (405) via a spring (408), a guide hole (407) is provided in the sliding pin (406), the guide hole (407) is fixedly connected to the air pipe (404), and the air pipe (404) is connected to the connecting hole; The hole (407) is L-shaped and includes a horizontal portion and a vertical portion. The gas supply device (4) is used to output gas into the gas pipe (404). The gas enters the connecting hole through the gas pipe (404) and pushes the sliding pin (406) to slide. When the sliding pin (406) slides to the point where the vertical portion aligns with the hollow portion of the rotating shaft (901), the gas passes through the hollow portion of the rotating shaft (901) and enters the guide hole (201) downward, thereby achieving the function of clearing the blockage in the guide hole (201).

7. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drill bit (1) is a hollow structure, wherein the hollow portion is coaxially arranged with the guide hole (201), a groove body is provided at the bottom of the drill bit (1), and the end face of the groove body is fixedly connected to the cutting tooth (101), a mounting block (104) is provided in the groove body, a cover plate (102) is provided at the bottom of the mounting block (104), the cover plate (102) is flush with the bottom of the drill bit (1), and the cover plate (102) is detachably connected to the drill bit (1), and the mounting block (104) is provided with a through hole coaxial with the guide hole (201), and a transmitting end (11) and a receiving end (12) of a photoelectric sensor are fixedly arranged on the inner wall surfaces on both sides of the through hole, respectively, and a portion between the transmitting end (11) and the receiving end (12) is used to detect whether the through hole is blocked.

8. The contact-type laser-assisted rock-breaking drilling tool for lunar-based extreme environments according to claim 7 is characterized in that: An output hole (103) coaxial with the through hole is provided on the cover plate (102), and the output hole (103) is a tapered hole that is wider at the top and narrower at the bottom.

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