Digging reamer bit and construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of drill bits and drilling tools, and discloses a digging and reaming drill bit and a construction method.The digging and reaming drill bit comprises a base device and a digging and reaming device, and the base device is provided with mounting plates which are distributed in an annular array with the center line of the base device as the array center; the mounting plate extends outwards from the side wall of the base device and can adjust the length of the part, extending out of the base device, of the mounting plate, and the hole digging and expanding device is mounted on the plate section, extending out of the base device, of the mounting plate; according to the digging and reaming drill bit provided by the invention, the base device, the digging and reaming device and the mounting plate capable of adjusting the length of the digging and reaming drill bit extending out of the base device are arranged; the hole diameter capable of being excavated and expanded by the excavating and expanding drill bit can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the part, extending out of the base device, of the installing plate after the excavating and expanding device is installed on the installing plate, and compared with the prior art, the excavating and expanding drill bit has the advantages of being convenient to install and good in applicability, improving construction efficiency and reducing construction cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a hole digging and enlarging drill bit and a construction method, belonging to the technical field of drill bits and drilling tools. Background Art

[0002] In modern construction, the construction of building pile foundations and excavation of foundation pits are crucial steps. Their quality and efficiency directly impact the stability, safety, and schedule of the entire project. Mechanical equipment such as rotary drilling rigs and electric power drilling rigs play a key role in this process. They are the core equipment for drilling holes for building piles or foundation pits. These rigs rely on powerful power systems and advanced mechanical structures to efficiently complete drilling operations in diverse geological conditions.

[0003] As one of the most critical components in the rotary drilling process, the performance of rotary drill bits directly determines the effectiveness of the drilling operation. Drill bits come in a wide variety of types, broadly categorized by their structure and function: sand buckets, barrel drills, auger bits, bottom reamer bits, and special drill bits. Sand buckets are primarily used to remove loose material, such as sand and soil, from the hole during drilling. They typically feature a large opening and internal space, effectively removing debris from the hole. Barrel drills are suitable for drilling into harder rock formations, and their cylindrical structure allows for the acquisition of core samples, facilitating further geological analysis. Auger bits, with their unique spiral blade design, transport rock and soil upward during rotation, making them suitable for drilling into a variety of soil formations. Base reamer bits primarily expand the borehole diameter to meet the bearing capacity requirements of pile foundations for certain specialized building structures. Special drill bits are specifically designed for use in unusual geological conditions or construction requirements, such as those encountered in complex geological conditions like caves and isolated boulders.

[0004] However, the larger and taller traditional drill bits commonly used today face many problems during actual use. First, in terms of installation, traditional drill bits are limited by the type of drill rig and the space available. Different models of drill rigs have different load-bearing capacities, installation interfaces, and operating spaces. Larger and taller traditional drill bits may not be compatible with certain drill rig models, making them impossible to install and use. Even in some cases where installation is theoretically possible, the spatial conditions at the construction site may become an obstacle. For example, in some narrow construction sites or foundation pits with limited underground space, larger and taller drill bits are extremely difficult to install and operate. This greatly restricts the full effectiveness of the drill rig and makes it impossible for the drill rig to efficiently complete drilling operations in these special environments.

[0005] Secondly, considering the structural characteristics of the drill bit itself, traditional drill bits are relatively complex in design. They typically consist of multiple components, whose connections and fit require precise design and manufacturing processes. This not only increases the drill bit's manufacturing cost but also makes it bulky and heavy. To meet the construction needs of various hole diameters, companies need to densely distribute drill bits by diameter. Due to the high price of each drill bit and the need for a large inventory to ensure continuous construction, this undoubtedly increases equipment procurement and inventory management costs.

[0006] Furthermore, during the graded drilling process for larger-diameter construction pile foundation pits, geological conditions and construction requirements often vary across different locations and pile positions, necessitating the use of drill bits of varying diameters. Consequently, these drill bits of varying diameters must be frequently transported between different locations and pile positions during construction. This process not only requires significant manpower for loading, unloading, and handling, but also requires sufficient transport vehicles, increasing transportation costs. Furthermore, bumps and collisions during transportation can damage the drill bits, further increasing repair and replacement costs. Furthermore, frequent transportation operations consume significant time, delaying construction progress and indirectly increasing construction costs.

[0007] In summary, solving the installation and use challenges of larger and taller drilling tools, fully utilizing the rig's functionality, reducing costs, and improving operational efficiency are critical challenges currently facing those skilled in the art. This not only impacts the quality and efficiency of construction projects, but also significantly impacts the company's economic performance and market competitiveness. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a hole-digging and reaming drill bit and a construction method.

[0009] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides a drilling and reaming drill bit, comprising a base device and a drilling and reaming device, wherein the base device is provided with mounting plates distributed in a circular array with the center line of the base device as the array center, the mounting plates extending outward from the side walls of the base device and being capable of adjusting the length of the mounting plates extending outward from the base device, and the drilling and reaming device being installed on the plate section of the mounting plates extending outward from the base device.

[0010] Furthermore, the base device includes a square head sleeve, a first circular splint is provided on the outer side wall of the square head sleeve, a second circular splint is provided below the first circular splint, a space is left between the first circular splint and the second circular splint, a number of side plates arranged in pairs are provided between the first circular splint and the second circular splint, and space is also left between the side plates on both sides of the same pair, a mounting plate is provided between the first circular splint and the second circular splint and a movably inserted one is provided between each pair of side plates, and the end of each mounting plate away from the square head sleeve is arranged to extend outside the first circular splint and the second circular splint.

[0011] Furthermore, the square head sleeve is fixedly arranged to pass through the first circular splint and the second circular splint, the first circular splint and the second circular splint are coaxially arranged with the square head sleeve, and the side plates are distributed in a circular array between the first circular splint and the second circular splint with the center line of the square head sleeve as the array center.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the mounting plates is provided with first latch fixing holes evenly distributed along the length direction of the mounting plate, and corresponding positions of the first circular clamping plate and the second circular clamping plate are provided with second latch fixing holes adapted to the first latch fixing holes. By aligning the first latch fixing holes on the mounting plate with the second latch fixing holes at different positions and inserting the fixing latches, the length of the mounting plate extending outside the first circular clamping plate and the second circular clamping plate can be adjusted and fixed.

[0013] Furthermore, a guide cylinder is provided below the second circular splint, and the square head sleeve is inserted into the guide cylinder. A plurality of inner cylinder connecting plates are provided in the guide cylinder, and one end of each inner cylinder connecting plate is connected to the outer side wall of the square head sleeve, and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the square head sleeve is provided with pin holes arranged in a transverse and longitudinal direction, and the square head sleeve is connected to the external drill rod by inserting pins into the pin holes.

[0015] Furthermore, a reinforcing plate is provided on the outer side wall of the square head sleeve, the reinforcing plate is provided above the first circular splint, and the reinforcing plate is connected to the square head sleeve and the first circular splint respectively.

[0016] Furthermore, the digging and reaming device includes a drill seat, which is arranged on the end of each mounting plate extending out of the first circular clamping plate and the second circular clamping plate, and each drill seat is fixed with a drill tooth with the tip facing downward.

[0017] Furthermore, an end plate is provided on the end of each mounting plate away from the square head sleeve, and the end plate is arranged at an angle.

[0018] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a construction method of the aforementioned excavation and reaming drill bit, comprising the following steps: Step 1: Use a traditional drill bit to perform the first-stage core drilling to form a pilot hole, remove the debris in the pilot hole, and drill the hole to the designed depth.

[0019] Step 2: Replace and install the digging and reaming drill bit, adjust the length of the mounting plate extending from the base device, and then insert the fixing pin to fix it.

[0020] Step 3: Use the digging and reaming drill bit to perform second-stage digging and reaming drilling on the pilot hole. The digging and reaming drilling in this step can be completed in one go or in several layers from top to bottom.

[0021] Step 4: Replace and install the traditional drill bit, and use the traditional drill bit to retrieve the debris at the bottom of the pilot hole.

[0022] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to perform multi-stage excavation and expansion of the pilot hole and remove the debris at the bottom of the pilot hole until the pilot hole is formed into the designed hole and the construction is completed.

[0023] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention provides a hole-digging and reaming drill bit. By arranging a base device, a hole-digging and reaming device, and a mounting plate capable of adjusting the length of the hole-digging and reaming device extending from the base device, the hole diameter that can be dug and expanded by the hole-digging and reaming drill bit can be adjusted by installing the hole-digging and reaming device on the mounting plate and adjusting the length of the mounting plate extending from the base device. The overall structure is simple and easy to install and use. It can effectively solve the problem that larger and higher traditional drill bits cannot be used due to drilling rig model and space limitations, thereby being able to dig and expand holes of the required diameter. Compared with the existing technology, the present invention has the advantages of easy installation and good applicability.

[0024] 2. The present invention provides a drilling and reaming drill bit, which is arranged in a circular array on a base device with the center line of the base device as the center of the array, so that there is space between adjacent mounting plates. The reservation of such space can cleverly avoid the occurrence of collisions with external drilling rig crawlers, masts and other fuselage components when the drilling and reaming drill bit is rotated in and out of the pile foundation hole. By adjusting the length of the mounting plate extending from the base device, when it is used on small and medium-sized drilling rigs, the small and medium-sized drilling rigs can drill and excavate pile foundation holes with larger apertures, so that the effectiveness and functions of the drilling rig can be fully utilized. Compared with the existing technology, it has the advantage of improving construction efficiency.

[0025] 3. The present invention provides a construction method for a digging and reaming drill bit. By using the digging and reaming drill bit and adjusting the length of the mounting plate extending out of the base device accordingly, the digging and reaming construction of pile foundation pits with different apertures can be achieved in a layered and graded manner. One digging and reaming drill bit can cover pile foundations with different apertures. The overall construction only requires one traditional drill bit and one digging and reaming drill bit, which avoids the increase in investment by enterprises by densely equipping drill bits according to each diameter size. In addition, in the digging and reaming drilling of pile foundation pits with larger apertures, the number of drill bits of different graded sizes that need to be carried and transported between different locations and pile positions can be reduced. Compared with the existing technology, this method has the advantage of reducing construction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 A top view of the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the mounting plate when adjusting the length of the mounting plate extending out of the base device in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a construction diagram of the first-stage core drilling in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the construction of the second-stage excavation and expansion drilling in the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a construction diagram of multi-stage excavation and expansion drilling in Example 2 of the present invention.

[0027] The reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1. Mounting plate; 2. Square head sleeve; 3. First circular splint; 4. Second circular splint; 5. Side plate; 6. First latch fixing hole; 7. Second latch fixing hole; 8. Fixed latch; 9. Guide cylinder; 10. Connecting plate inside the cylinder; 11. Latch hole; 12. Drill rod; 13. Reinforcement plate; 14. Drill seat; 15. Drill teeth; 16. End plate; 17. Inspection hole; 18. Pile foundation pit; 19. Conventional drill bit; 20. Guide hole; 21. Crushed soil; 22. Drill hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 3The embodiment provides a hole digging and expanding drill bit, which comprises a base device and a hole digging and expanding device, and the base device is provided with mounting plates 1 arranged in a ring array with the center line of the base device as the array center. The mounting plates 1 are in the form of rectangular plates and have a regular structure to facilitate subsequent carrying and mounting work. The specific number of the mounting plates 1 can be set according to actual conditions. In the embodiment, the number of the mounting plates 1 is four, and the mounting plates 1 are arranged in a cross shape on the base device and can have spaces between adjacent mounting plates 1. The mounting plates 1 extend outward from the side wall of the base device and can adjust the length of the plates extending out of the base device, and the hole digging and expanding device is mounted on the plate segment of the mounting plates 1 extending out of the base device. Through the foregoing arrangement, the hole diameter that can be dug and expanded by the hole digging and expanding drill bit can be adjusted by adjusting the length of the mounting plates 1 extending out of the base device after the hole digging and expanding device is mounted on the mounting plates 1, so that the problem that a larger and higher conventional drill bit 19 cannot be used due to the limitation of the type and space of a drilling machine can be effectively solved, and a hole 22 with a required hole diameter can be dug and expanded. Meanwhile, the spaces between adjacent mounting plates 1 can be used to avoid the collision between the hole digging and expanding drill bit and the body parts such as the external drilling machine track and mast when the hole digging and expanding drill bit rotates in and out of the pile hole, and the adjustment of the length of the mounting plates 1 extending out of the base device can enable the small and medium-sized drilling machine to drill and excavate a larger hole diameter pile hole, so that the drilling machine can fully exert its efficiency and function.

[0030] In the embodiment, the base device comprises a square head sleeve 2, which is arranged to connect an external drill rod 12 so that the hole digging and expanding drill bit can be connected with an external drilling machine. The square head sleeve 2 is provided with transversely and longitudinally arranged bolt holes 11, and the square head sleeve 2 is connected with the external drill rod 12 by inserting a bolt into the bolt hole 11, and specifically, the square head sleeve 2 is fixedly connected with the square head structure of the external drill rod 12. The outer side wall of the square head sleeve 2 is provided with a first circular clamp plate 3, and the lower portion of the first circular clamp plate 3 is provided with a second circular clamp plate 4, and the square head sleeve 2 is fixedly penetrated through the first circular clamp plate 3 and the second circular clamp plate 4. The connection between the first circular clamp plate 3, the second circular clamp plate 4 and the square head sleeve 2 can be achieved by welding or by opening corresponding square holes in the first circular clamp plate 3 and the second circular clamp plate 4, inserting the square head sleeve 2 into the square holes and then fixing the square head sleeve 2 by locking members such as fixing bolts.

[0031] There is a space between the first circular splint 3 and the second circular splint 4, and the height of the space is adapted to the thickness of the mounting plate 1. A number of side panels 5 arranged in pairs are provided between the first circular splint 3 and the second circular splint 4, and the number of side panels 5 is adapted to the number of mounting plates 1, so as to facilitate the subsequent installation of the mounting plates 1. Therefore, the number of side panels 5 in this embodiment is four pairs. There is a space between the side panels 5 on both sides of the same pair, and the width of the space is adapted to the width of the mounting plate 1. The mounting plate 1 is provided between the first circular splint 3 and the second circular splint 4 and one is movably provided between each pair of side panels 5. The end of each mounting plate 1 away from the square head sleeve 2 is extended out of the first circular splint 3 and the second circular splint 4 to enable the mounting plate 1 to extend outward from the side panels 5 of the base device to adjust the length of itself extending out of the base device. At the same time, the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 are both coaxially arranged with the square head sleeve 2, and the side plates 5 are distributed between the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 in a circular array with the center line of the square head sleeve 2 as the array center, so that the mounting plate 1 arranged by the above arrangement is distributed between the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 in a circular array with the center line of the square head sleeve 2 as the array center, so as to meet the requirement of being distributed in a circular array with the center line of the base device as the array center. In addition, the arrangement of the four pairs of side plates 5 also meets the requirement that when the four mounting plates 1 are movably inserted, the ends of the four mounting plates 1 close to the side of the square head sleeve 2 can all face the four surfaces of the square head sleeve 2, thereby expanding the installation area of ​​the mounting plate 1, so that the mounting plate 1 can be selected to be longer to meet the needs of a larger range of digging and expanding holes.

[0032] In this embodiment, each mounting plate 1 is provided with first latch fixing holes 6 uniformly distributed along the length direction of the mounting plate 1 on the plate wall. The specific number of the first latch fixing holes 6 can be set according to actual conditions. The first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 are provided with second latch fixing holes 7 adapted to the first latch fixing holes 6 at corresponding positions. When in use, by aligning the first latch fixing holes 6 on the mounting plate 1 with the second latch fixing holes 7 at different positions and inserting the fixing pins 8, the length of the mounting plate 1 extending outside the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 can be adjusted and fixed. In this way, the position of the excavating and expanding device installed on the mounting plate 1 can be adjusted to meet the construction requirements of adjusting the aperture during subsequent excavating and expanding work.

[0033] In this embodiment, the drilling and reaming device includes a drill base 14, which is mounted on the end of each mounting plate 1 extending beyond the first and second circular clamping plates 3 and 4. The specific number and distribution of drill bases 14 on the mounting plate 1 can be selected based on practical needs. Each drill base 14 is fixed with a downwardly-pointed drill tooth 15, with the tip of the drill tooth 15 positioned below the bottom of the mounting plate 1. The drill teeth 15 are preferably picks or cones and are replaceably mounted to the drill base 14, such as by threaded attachment. Each mounting plate 1 is also provided with a rectangular end plate 16 at the end facing away from the square head sleeve 2. The bottom end of each end plate 16 is welded to the top surface of the corresponding mounting plate 1. Each end plate 16 is also tilted relative to the corresponding mounting plate 1, with the rear end of the end plate 16 tilted inward toward the side of the square head sleeve 2 in accordance with the rotation direction of the drilling and reaming drill bit (typically clockwise). That is, the vertical plane of the end plate 16 remains vertical at the same point. The front end of the end plate 16 is welded clockwise to the outermost edge of the mounting plate 1, while the rear end is welded inwardly on the mounting plate 1, close to the square head sleeve 2. Because the hole wall is slightly curved when viewed horizontally, this inclined end plate 16 prevents vibration and shaking caused by the impact of cutting the rock and soil of the pile foundation pit 18, thereby ensuring the reliability of the excavating and reaming drill bit during excavation. In actual use, the corresponding position of the mounting plate 1 can also be tilted inward to achieve a perfect connection with the end plate 16.

[0034] In order to facilitate the drilling work of the excavating and reaming drill bit, in this embodiment, a guide cylinder 9 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the second circular clamping plate 4. The guide cylinder 9 is coaxially arranged with the second circular clamping plate 4, and the square head sleeve 2 is inserted into the guide cylinder 9. The guide cylinder 9 is a thin-walled circular tube structure with a hollow interior. The setting of the guide cylinder 9 is used to support and guide the excavating and reaming drill bit. In order to strengthen the structural strength of the guide cylinder 9, a number of inner cylinder connecting plates 10 are provided in the guide cylinder 9. The specific number and distribution of the inner cylinder connecting plates 10 can be set according to the situation. In this embodiment, the number of the inner cylinder connecting plates 10 is four. The inner cylinder connecting plates 10 are distributed in a circular array in the guide cylinder 9 with the central axis of the square head sleeve 2 as the array center. Specifically, they can be distributed along the diagonal direction of the four corners of the square head sleeve 2 to avoid the position of the mounting plate 1 for uniform weight distribution. One end of each inner connecting plate 10 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the square head sleeve 2, and the other end is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder 9, so as to strengthen the structural strength of the guide cylinder 9 and avoid deformation during support and rotational guidance.

[0035] In order to strengthen the connection strength between the square head sleeve 2 and the first circular splint 3, in this embodiment, a reinforcing plate 13 is further provided on the outer wall of the square head sleeve 2. The reinforcing plate 13 is provided above the first circular splint 3. The specific number and distribution of the reinforcing plates 13 can be set according to actual conditions. In this embodiment, the number of reinforcing plates 13 is four, and the reinforcing plates 13 are distributed in a circular array with the center line of the square head sleeve 2 as the array center. The four reinforcing plates 13 are all arranged in a right-angled triangle structure with cut corners. The side edges of the four reinforcing plates 13 are fixedly connected to the corresponding edges of the square head sleeve 2, and the bottom edges of the four reinforcing plates 13 are fixedly connected to the top surface of the first circular splint 3, thereby playing a role in strengthening the connection strength between the square head sleeve 2 and the first circular splint 3.

[0036] To facilitate maintenance work, in this embodiment, an inspection hole 17 is provided on the first circular splint 3 and the second circular splint 4. The inspection hole 17 is arranged in an elliptical structure. The arrangement of the inspection hole 17 makes it easy for construction personnel to perform corresponding maintenance work on the components between the first circular splint 3 and the second circular splint 4.

[0037] It should be noted that, in actual use, this reaming drill bit is often used to reame a hole following a first-stage coring hole (e.g., the already-drilled pilot hole 20) drilled in a pile foundation pit 18 by a conventional drill bit 19. During the reaming process, the external drill rig's power head and drill rod 12 transmit output torque and downward pressure to the reaming drill bit. These torque and downward pressure are then transmitted to the drill teeth 15 via the mounting plate 1 and drill seat 14, thereby enabling the drill teeth 15 to cut, crush, shift, or grind the geological soil within the pile foundation pit 18, thereby achieving the reaming rotary drilling function.

[0038] It should be noted that in the process of reaming the hole with the reaming drill bit, in order to reach the designed depth of the hole, the rock and soil reaming drilling excavation work should be carried out in layers and grades from top to bottom to ensure construction safety, reduce the occurrence of landslide accidents and improve construction quality. After each layer of excavation is completed, the construction personnel can measure and adjust the excavation size to ensure that the design requirements are met.

[0039] Example 2: Please refer to Figures 4-6 This embodiment provides a construction method for a hole-digging and reaming drill bit, including using the hole-digging and reaming drill bit provided in the first embodiment, and further comprising the following steps: Step 1: According to the design requirements, a traditional drill bit 19 is installed on the external drilling rig, and the traditional drill bit 19 is used to perform the first-stage core drilling at the corresponding position of the pile foundation pit 18 to form a guide hole 20. The broken debris 21 in the guide hole 20 is fished out by the traditional drill bit 19, and the hole depth reaches the designed depth.

[0040] Step 2: Replace and install the excavating and reaming drill bit by connecting it to the drill rod 12 on the external drilling rig using the square head sleeve 2 to install the excavating and reaming drill bit on the external drilling rig. Then, adjust the length of the mounting plate 1 extending out of the first circular clamping plate 3 and the second circular clamping plate 4 as needed, and then fix the excavating and reaming drill bit by inserting the fixing pin 8 into the first pin fixing hole 6 and the second pin fixing hole 7.

[0041] The third step: use the excavation and reaming drill bit to perform the second stage of excavation and reaming drilling on the guide hole 20. The excavation and reaming drilling in this step can be completed in one time or in several layers from top to bottom to give the drill teeth 15 cooling time, the construction workers time to install the support and measurement time.

[0042] Step 4: Replace and install the conventional drill bit 19 , and use the conventional drill bit 19 to retrieve the broken soil 21 at the bottom of the guide hole 20 .

[0043] Step 5: Repeat steps 2 to 4 to perform multi-stage excavation and expansion drilling on the lead hole 20 and remove the debris 21 at the bottom of the lead hole 20 until the lead hole 20 forms the designed hole 22, and the construction is completed.

[0044] The construction method provided in this embodiment uses a digging and reaming drill bit and adjusts the length of the mounting plate 1 extending out of the base device accordingly, so as to be able to achieve layered and graded digging and reaming construction of pile foundation pits 18 with different apertures. One digging and reaming drill bit can cover the sizes of pile foundation pits 18 with different apertures. The overall construction only requires one traditional drill bit and one digging and reaming drill bit, avoiding the increase in investment by enterprises by densely equipping drill bits according to each diameter size. In addition, in the digging and reaming drilling of pile foundation pits 18 with larger apertures, the number of drill bits of different graded sizes that need to be carried and transported between different locations and different pile positions can be reduced.

[0045] It should be noted that this embodiment does not specifically limit the conventional drill bit 19; any common sand bailer capable of drilling the hole 22 will suffice. This embodiment also does not specifically limit the drilling rigs; any drilling rig capable of drilling the hole 22 using the conventional drill bit 19 and a hole-digging and reaming drill bit described above will suffice, such as a rotary drilling rig, an electric power construction drilling rig, a down-the-hole drilling rig, or an excavator-modified rotary drilling rig.

[0046] It should be noted that the number of staged expansion drilling times for different hole diameters utilizes different process methods. This is essentially related to factors such as the geographical and geological characteristics of the pile foundation pit 18, the designed hole diameter of the pile foundation pit 18, and the diameter of the traditional drill bit 19 used for the first-stage core drilling hole (i.e., the pilot hole 20). The specific selection and setting should be made by the construction personnel based on the actual situation.

[0047] It should be noted that flexibly selecting a traditional drill bit 19 and adjusting the extension length of the excavation and reaming drill bit mounting plate 1 can improve construction efficiency. Taking into account factors such as the geographic and geological characteristics of the pile foundation pit 18 and the designed hole diameter of the pile foundation pit 18, flexibly selecting a traditional drill bit 19 to drill the first-stage coring hole (i.e., pilot hole 20) of the appropriate diameter and adjusting the single extension length and frequency of the excavation and reaming drill bit mounting plate 1 can effectively improve construction efficiency. Construction personnel can make these adjustments based on their actual needs.

[0048] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present invention's description and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole-digging and reaming drill bit, characterized by: The invention comprises a base device and a hole-digging and expanding device. The base device is provided with mounting plates (1) distributed in a circular array with the center line of the base device as the array center. The mounting plates (1) extend outward from the side wall of the base device and can adjust the length of the mounting plates extending from the base device. The hole-digging and expanding device is installed on the plate section of the mounting plates (1) extending from the base device.

2. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base device includes a square head sleeve (2), a first circular splint (3) is provided on the outer side wall of the square head sleeve (2), a second circular splint (4) is provided below the first circular splint (3), a space is left between the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4), a plurality of side plates (5) arranged in pairs are provided between the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4), and a space is also left between the side plates (5) on both sides of the same pair, a mounting plate (1) is provided between the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4), and a movably inserted one is provided between each pair of side plates (5), and the end of each mounting plate (1) away from the square head sleeve (2) is arranged to extend outside the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4).

3. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The square head sleeve (2) is fixedly arranged to pass through the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4); the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4) are coaxially arranged with the square head sleeve (2); and the side plates (5) are distributed between the first circular splint (3) and the second circular splint (4) in a circular array with the center line of the square head sleeve (2) as the array center.

4. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each of the mounting plates (1) is provided with first latch fixing holes (6) uniformly arranged along the length direction of the mounting plate (1), and corresponding positions of the first circular clamping plate (3) and the second circular clamping plate (4) are provided with second latch fixing holes (7) adapted to the first latch fixing holes (6). By aligning the first latch fixing holes (6) on the mounting plate (1) with the second latch fixing holes (7) at different positions and inserting the fixing latch (8), the length of the mounting plate (1) extending outside the first circular clamping plate (3) and the second circular clamping plate (4) can be adjusted and fixed.

5. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A guide cylinder (9) is further provided below the second circular splint (4), and the square head sleeve (2) is inserted into the guide cylinder (9). A plurality of inner cylinder connecting plates (10) are provided in the guide cylinder (9), and one end of each inner cylinder connecting plate (10) is connected to the outer wall of the square head sleeve (2), and the other end is connected to the inner wall of the guide cylinder (9).

6. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The square head sleeve (2) is provided with pin holes (11) arranged in a transverse and longitudinal direction, and the square head sleeve (2) is connected to the external drill rod (12) by inserting pins into the pin holes (11).

7. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: A reinforcing plate (13) is further provided on the outer side wall of the square head sleeve (2), the reinforcing plate (13) being provided above the first circular splint (3), and the reinforcing plate (13) being connected to the square head sleeve (2) and the first circular splint (3), respectively.

8. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The hole digging and expanding device comprises a drill seat (14), which is provided on the end of each mounting plate (1) extending from the first circular clamping plate (3) and the second circular clamping plate (4), and a drill tooth (15) with a downwardly pointed tip is fixedly provided on each drill seat (14).

9. The hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to claim 8, characterized in that: An end plate (16) is provided on the end of each mounting plate (1) away from the square head sleeve (2), and the end plate (16) is arranged in an inclined manner.

10. A construction method of a hole-digging and reaming drill bit according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step S1: using a conventional drill bit (19) to perform first-stage core drilling to form a guide hole (20), fishing out the debris (21) in the guide hole (20), and drilling the hole to a designed depth; Step S2: Replace and install the excavation and reaming drill bit, adjust the length of the mounting plate (1) extending from the base device, and then insert the fixing pin (8) to fix it; Step S3: using the digging and reaming drill bit to perform second-stage digging and reaming drilling on the guide hole (20). The digging and reaming drilling in this step can be completed in one go, or can be completed in layers from top to bottom several times; Step S4: replacing and installing a conventional drill bit (19), and using the conventional drill bit (19) to fish out the debris (21) at the bottom of the guide hole (20); Step S5: Repeat the above steps S2 to S4 to perform multi-stage excavation and expansion drilling on the guide hole (20) and remove the debris (21) at the bottom of the guide hole (20) until the guide hole (20) forms the designed hole (22) and the construction is completed.

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